Morphology Behavior Research Articles

Compatibility and antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized using Lycopersicon esculentum peels.

Nanoparticles have gained worldwide attention as a new alternative to chemical control agents due to their special physiochemical properties. The current study focused on the environmentally friendly synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using Lycopersicon esculentum peel. In addition to studying the intrinsic cytotoxic effectiveness of Le-AgNPs contribute to their antibacterial, and antifungal activities and the effect of nanoparticles on the integrity of their morphological behavior. The initiative biosynthesis of L. esculentum silver nanoparticles (Le-AgNPs) was indicated by the color change of L. esculentum (Le) extract mixed with silver nitrate (AgNO3) solution from faint pink to faint brown. UV-visible spectroscopy, Dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and X-ray diffraction techniques were used to characterize biosynthesized Le-AgNPs. Results of UV-visible spectroscopy recorded surface plasmon resonance at 310nm for SPR of 2.5. The DLS results showed particles of 186nm with a polydispersity index of 0.573. The FTIR spectrum indicated the existence of carboxyl, hydroxyl, phenolic, and amide functional groups. The HR-TEM analysis revealed quasi-spherical crystal particles of Le-AgNPs. Le-AgNPs had a negative zeta potential of - 68.44mV, indicating high stability. Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 and Escherichia coli ATCC 8739 were the most susceptible pathogens to Le-AgNPs inhibition, with inhibition zone diameters (IZDs) of 4.0 and 0.92cm, respectively. However, Listeria monocytogenes NC 013768 and Shigella sonnei DSM 5570 were the most resistant pathogens, with IZDs of 0.92 and 0.90cm, respectively. Le-AgNPs demonstrated good inhibitory potential against pathogenic fungi, with IZDs of 3.0 and 0.92cm against Alternaria solani ATCC 62102 and Candida albicans DSM 1386, respectively. The cytotoxicity effect was observed at a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 200.53μg/ml on human colon NCM460D normal cells.

Pull-out behavior and failure mechanism of steel expansion anchors in high-performance steel fiber reinforced concrete(HPSFRC)

Past research on the pull-out performance of anchors mainly focuses on normal concrete(NC) concretes. New design methods are needed for the pull-out performance of anchors in the concretes of new cementitious materials with high strength and toughness. Accordingly, the pull-out behavior of torque-controlled expansion anchor(TCE) in high-performance steel fiber reinforced concrete(HPSFRC) concrete with different fiber content and installation conditions(embedment depth and anchor diameter) was investigated. The focus was on the failure modes, crack morphology, and load-displacement behavior(including pull-out load-bearing capacity, anchorage stiffness, and anchorage toughness). The addition of fibers leads to increased load-bearing capacity and toughness, reduced stiffness, and all failure modes exhibited ductile cracking and sufficient tensile ductility. Both diameter and depth had a positive impact on load-bearing capacity. A broader database based on literature and this study was analyzed for further exploration of the effects of fibers. The accuracy of predicting load-bearing capacity was compared between two empirical models(concrete capacity design-CCD and Toth models) and the proposed modified model. The CCD model greatly underestimates capacity, and the Toth model is unsuitable for high fiber content(exceeds 2.0 %) HPSFRC scenarios. The modified model showed the best bearing capacity prediction for anchors on HPSFRC concretes, with a mean ratio of predicted values to experimental values reaching 1.01–1.08 and a coefficient of dispersion below 15.0 %.

The Effect of Metallographic Preparation on the Surface Characteristics and Corrosion Behaviour of Ti-6Al-4V Alloy in Simulated Physiological Solutions

Abstract This study aimed to determine the effect of surface metallographic preparation (grinding, diamond polishing, and chemo-mechanical polishing using silica and hydrogen peroxide) on the surface roughness, morphology, chemical composition, and electrochemical behaviour of Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Roughness decreases from ca. 0.2 m to 0.02 m from grinding to polishing. A typical + microstructure can be observed only after chemo-mechanical polishing. The average composition of ca. 6 wt.% Al, 4 wt.% V, and rest Ti was determined regardless of the surface preparation. X-ray phtotoelectron spectroscopy revealed that the thickness of the oxide layer formed on chemo-mechanical polished samples is half that of ground samples. The metallographic preparation largely affects the corrosion behaviour of Ti-6Al-4V, which was investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and potentiodynamic polarisation in 0.9 wt.% NaCl and artificial saliva at 37C. At the open circuit potential, the chemo-mechanically polished Ti-6Al-4 samples showed superior corrosion resistance over ground samples. At potentials over 2.5 V vs. Ag/AgCl, increased current densities were noted for chemo-mechanically polished samples, presumably related to the oxidation to a thicker oxide.

Amyloid-like Aggregation Propensities of Metabolites- Homogentisic Acid, N-Acetyl Aspartic Acid and Isovaleric Acid.

The transformation of metabolites into amyloidogenic aggregates represent an intriguing dimension in the pathophysiology of metabolic disorders, including alkaptonuria, canavan disease, and isovaleric acidemia. Central to this phenomenon are the metabolites homogentisic acid (HA), N-acetyl aspartic acid (NAA), and isovaleric acid (IVA), which we found, weave an intricate network of self-assembled structures. Leveraging an array of microscopy techniques, we traced the morphological behavior of these assemblies that exhibit concentration and time-dependent morphological transitions from isolated globules to clustered aggregates. MD simulation studies suggest significant role of hydrogen bonding interactions in the aggregation process. While displaying strong amyloidogenic propensity in solution, these aged aggregates were significantly cytotoxic to mouse neural N2a cell lines. In vivo effect in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) nematode further validated cytotoxicity of aggregates. Our findings provide fresh insights to amyloidogenic nature of HA, NAA, and IVA aggregates and their possible role in associated metabolic disorders such as alkaptonuria, canavan disease and isovaleric acidemia.

Dynamics of Barred Coast at Different Temporal Scales (by the Example of Vistula Spit in the Baltic Sea)

According to fundamental concepts, the morphodynamic system of an accumulative sandy coast with underwater bars exhibits cyclic behavior across various time scales. This raises the question: which factor is more significant for the dynamics of a given coast—individual storms or seasonal changes in wave activity? While observations and studies addressing this issue have primarily been conducted on oceanic coasts, there is a lack of comparable data for fetch-limited areas. Monitoring of the bottom topography along the west coast of Vistula Spit (Baltic Sea) revealed a cyclic behavior in morphology, transitioning from a straightened external bar to its connection with the shore. Analysis of field measurement results indicated that seasonal variations in wave intensity do not significantly impact coastal relief. Furthermore, it was found that the complete cycle of underwater bar evolution lasts approximately two years, during which the coast profile maintains a stable shape at the stage of the straightened external bar. The identification of the primary factor influencing coastal evolution can be characterized by the Dean number (Ω), which combines wave parameters (wave height and period) with sediment fall velocity. Utilizing ERA5 wave reanalysis data, we compared the variability of Ω values on both annual and monthly scales. The analysis revealed that for the section of the coast under consideration, there is no clearly dominant evolutionary factor; rather, the coast is influenced approximately equally by individual storm events and seasonal fluctuations in wave energy. Modeling storm-induced bed profile deformations using the CROSS-PB model demonstrated that the position of the external underwater bar remains nearly constant even during intense and prolonged storms. It is concluded that under specific conditions—determined by a combination of sediment size, coastal slope, and wave regime characteristics—the coast can remain stable, exhibiting minimal response to relatively strong storms and seasonal variations in wave energy. Such coasts are characterized by an absence of a dominant evolutionary factor as indicated by fluctuations in the Dean parameter, allowing their morphodynamic cycles to span several seasons. This type of morphodynamics in coastal accumulative relief appears to be typical for conditions found in fetch-limited areas, such as regional and semi-closed seas.

Coupling effect of gas solubility in a solvent and substrate structure on performance in nanobubble morphological changes

The distribution morphologies of nanobubbles on Highly Oriented Pyrolytic Graphite (HOPG) surfaces prepared using the alcohol-water exchange test method were observed using atomic force microscopy. In situ observation revealed the distinct growth evolution behavior of nanobubble morphology. Molecular dynamics simulation was employed to replicate the experimental test and investigate the influence of the coupling effect of gas solubility and substrate structure on the morphological features of nanobubble distribution in alcohol-water exchange experiments. The results demonstrate that gas solubility plays a pivotal role in the nucleation of surface nanobubbles during alcohol-water exchange. Specifically, stable surface nanobubbles form only when the solubility exceeds 0.02535. Furthermore, under conditions where gas solubility satisfies the nucleation criteria, the surface potential energy of concave and defective structures exhibits concave characteristics, giving rise to the nucleation of cap-shaped nanobubbles. In contrast, the step structure, characterized by the smallest average surface potential energy, results in relatively flat properties in the lowest area, with nanobubble nucleation taking the form of layer-shaped features. yields relatively uniform characteristics at the lowest level, where nanobubble nucleation manifests in the form of layered features. As time progresses, cap-shaped nanobubbles coalesce, leading to the escape of gas molecules and subsequent dissipation, whereas the layer-shaped nanobubbles adsorb gas molecules from the solution, prompting their expansion.

Effect of Sr2+ substitution on structural, morphological, electrical and dielectric properties of Ca2MgSi2O7 ceramic

Despite the excellent properties of ceramic materials for electronic devices, this study systematically investigates the significant effects of strontium (Sr2⁺) substitution on the structural, morphological, electrical, and dielectric behavior of Ca2-xSrxMgSi2O7 (x = 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6) ceramics. The composite was prepared via a solid-state route and characterized using techniques such as FESEM-EDAX, BET, XRD, Hall Effect measurements, and an LCR meter, respectively. The surface morphology of the structure was initiated to be smooth, compact, dense, island-shaped and porous. It is noted that the grain size reduced (from 1.10 μm to 0.72 μm) while the surface area enlarged (from 90 m2/g to 122 m2/g) with Sr substitution. XRD study showed that all the ceramics samples, after sintering at 1250 °C for 5 h. Higher amount of Sr, enhanced the crystallinity, as validated by the peak intensification. Correspondingly, the electrical resistivity and dielectric permittivity of Ca2-xSrxMgSi2O7 was decreased with Sr substitution. Particularly, the Ca1.6Sr0.4MgSi2O7 unveiled the lowermost electrical resistivity (76 Ω cm) and dielectric permittivity (εr = 848) but the uppermost dielectric loss (tan δ = 1.06) at 1 kHz. The attained outcomes exhibited the appropriateness of these samples for use in capacitor and antennas design.

Cuban Proserpinidae

The Neotropical landsnails family Proserpinidae comprises the Caribbean genus Proserpina. The Cuban endemic species Proserpina (Despoenella) depressa and P. (D.) globulosa exhibit unique morphological and ecological features still poorly known. We made observations related to morphology and shell coloration, foot and mantle and its variations concerning some extant Cuban and Caribbean populations. Some ecological comments include their defense morphological traits and behavior like foot spasmodic movements. Likewise, we discuss the Cuban species disjunctive distribution. These mollusks inhabit moist karstic areas permanently threatened due to climatic change, forest loss and habitat fragmentation.

Structure, morphology and crystallization behavior of PVDF/Co nanowire nanocomposites under horizontal and vertical magnetic fields

Structure, morphology and crystallization behavior of PVDF/Co nanowire nanocomposites under horizontal and vertical magnetic fields

Experimental and Computational Study of Ethanolamine Ices under Astrochemical Conditions

Ethanolamine (NH2CH2CH2OH) has recently been identified in the molecular cloud G+0.693-0.027, situated in the SgrB2 complex in the Galactic center. However, its presence in other regions, and in particular in star-forming sites, is still elusive. Given its likely role as a precursor to simple amino acids, understanding its presence in the star-forming region is required. Here, we present the experimentally obtained temperature-dependent spectral features and morphological behavior of pure ethanolamine ices under astrochemical conditions in the 2–12 μm (MIR) and 120–230 nm (VUV) regions for the first time. These features would help in understanding its photochemical behavior. In addition, we present the first chemical models specifically dedicated to ethanolamine. These models include all the discussed chemical routes from the literature, along with the estimated binding energies and activation energies from quantum chemical calculations reported in this work. We have found that surface reactions CH2OH + NH2CH2 → NH2CH2CH2OH and NH2 + C2H4OH → NH2CH2CH2OH in warmer regions (60–90 K) could play a significant role in the formation of ethanolamine. Our modeled abundance of ethanolamine complements the upper limit of ethanolamine column density estimated in earlier observations in hot core/corino regions. Furthermore, we provide a theoretical estimation of the rotational and distortional constants for various species (such as HNCCO, NH2CHCO, and NH2CH2CO) related to ethanolamine that have not been studied in existing literature. This study could be valuable for identifying these species in the future.

Side Illumination Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Twisted End‐Emitting Polymer Optical Fiber Bundles

AbstractPolymer optical fibers (POFs), including side‐emitting POF (SEPOF) and end‐emitting POF (EEPOF) are developed for luminous textiles. The SEPOF is more common for usage but suffers from significant intensity decay, which limits its effective usage length. In contrast, the EEPOF can provide a much more stable side illumination behavior than SEPOF since the light is largely confined within the EEPOF, while its side illumination requires special treatment. In this work, 0.5 mm diameter EEPOFs were firstly assembled into bundles with 10 EEPOFs (B10) and 15 EEPOFs (B15), and then twisted. The morphology, tensile properties, and side illumination behavior of the twisted EEPOF bundles are evaluated. With an increased twisting degree, the initial modulus of twisted sample B10 increases (due to shortening of bundle diameter) from 1.06 to 1.17 GPa while the initial modulus of twisted sample B15 decreases from 1.01 to 0.91 GPa. The increased twisting degree also results in the higher flexibility (indirectly connected with modulus) of the twisted EEPOF bundles. Besides, the increased twisting degree results in a higher side illumination intensity meantime causes a decreased side illumination intensity along the light penetration path. When the twisting degree is low (e.g., 10 T m−1), the highest decrease rate of side illumination intensity along the light penetration path is found.

Microstructure and mechanical-property evolution of the explosive welding joint from the same RAFM steels under explosive welding and post-weld heat treatment

This study investigated the morphological evolution behaviors and the mechanical property of the weld interface during explosive welding for the flyer plate and base plate sourcing from the same reduced activation ferrite/martensitic (RAFM) steel. The relationship between fine-grain formation and the occurrence of dynamic recrystallization was analyzed based on the strain and temperature field distributions at the explosive-weld interface. Although post-weld tempering (PWT) treatment eliminated bent martensite laths, but it did not eliminate fine equiaxed grains and δ ferrite grains near the explosive-weld interface; therefore, the PWT treatment improved the mechanical properties of the explosive-weld RAFM steel joint only minimally. However, implementation of a normalizing process after the explosive welding process (“PWN” treatment) significantly eliminated the gradient structure and the residual δ ferrite grains at the explosive-weld interface of the RAFM steel joint. Based on the PWN state, the inclusion of a tempering treatment (“PWNT” treatment) promoted the uniform precipitation of M23C6 carbides, which significantly improved the tensile strengths of the explosive-weld RAFM steel specimens under both room and high temperatures. To study the influence of different microstructures on the plastic deformation behavior at the explosive-weld interface, the representative volume element (RVE) models basing on crystal plasticity finite element (CPFEM) method was constructed for different post-weld heat treatments (PWHTs). At the explosive-weld interface of the PWT-state RAFM steel joint, the plastic deformation was mainly concentrated in the δ ferrite grains, rather than in the fine equiaxed grains. In addition, only minimal deformation concentration was observed for the PWNT-state RAFM steel joint. In order to reveal the independent influence of the fine equiaxed grains at the weld interface on the mechanical properties of explosive-weld RAFM steel joint, the microstructural and mechanical distinctions between the RAFM steel joints in the N-PWT and PWNT states were investigated detailly. Finally, through optimization of the PWHT method, an explosive-weld RAFM steel (PWNT state) joint with a uniform microstructure and ideal mechanical properties was obtained.

The effect of positive and reverse current cycles on the wettability, morphology, and corrosion behaviour of electrodeposited nickel matrix layer

ABSTRACT In this study, Ni-TiO2 coatings were formed using a multi-step pulse method with positive and, in some cases, reverse current steps. All coatings were produced at a current density of 4 A dm−2 and a frequency and duty cycle of 10 Hz and 10%, respectively with a thickness of 30 µm. The results showed that by applying the reverse current cycle, the codeposition of TiO2 particles in the coating decreased and the morphology of the coating became irregular. It was found that the effect of the wetting angle of the coating is greater than the incorporation of TiO2 particles on the corrosion behaviour of the coating. Thus, a coating was created with a positive 4-step pulse current with the lowest amount of TiO2 particles (7.7 vol.%) having the highest resistance against corrosion. The sample had compact morphology and high wetting angle (82.61o֯).

A review on surface morphology and tribological behavior of titanium alloys via SLM processing

A review on surface morphology and tribological behavior of titanium alloys via SLM processing

Unraveling the Subsurface Damage and Material Removal Mechanism of Multi-Principal-Element Alloy FeCrNi Coatings During the Scratching Process

Multi-principal-element alloys (MPEAs) exhibit superior strength and good ductility. However, tribological properties of FeCrNi MPEAs remain unknown at nanoscale and complex environments. Here, we investigate the effects of scratching speed, depth, and temperature on microstructural and tribological characteristics of FeCrNi using molecular dynamics simulations combined with an elevated temperature tribological experiment. The scratching force experiences the increase stage, the undulated stage, and the stable stage due to chip formation. Compared to traditional alloy coatings, low force enhances the useful life. With increased speed, the friction coefficient decreases, agreeing with previous work. High speed impacting includes severe local plastic deformation, from dislocation to amorphization. As the scratching depth increases, the average scratch force and friction coefficient increases owing to material accumulation in front of the abrasive particles. The surface morphology and dislocation behavior are significantly different during the scratching process. In addition, we revealed a temperature-dependent friction mechanism. FeCrNi MPEAs have excellent wear resistance at an intermediate temperature, which is attributed to the high Cr content promoting the formation of the compact oxide layer. This work provides atomic-scale mechanistic insights into the tribological behavior of FeCrNi, and would be applied to the design of MPEAs with high performance.

Bio-inspired powder bed fusion 3D printed surfaces for enhanced critical heat flux and boiling heat transfer

The thermal performance and sizing of two-phase heat exchangers employed in various industries can be significantly improved by modifying the surface topology of tubes. The advancement in metal 3D printing technology enables the modification of surfaces to generate distinct patterns that enhance the heat transfer coefficient. This study aligns with these advances by investigating the boiling heat transfer performance of 3D printed surfaces using methanol as the working fluid. The enhanced surfaces studied include four bio-inspired 3D printed surfaces (Mushroom, Cactus, Petal, and Torus), each strategically designed to improve the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) and delay the onset of critical heat flux (CHF). The primary objective of this research is to discuss and analyze the heat transfer mechanism in terms of bubble dynamics, particularly focusing on the interaction between surface morphology and bubble behavior. Experimental results reveal significant enhancements in CHF and HTC for 3D printed surfaces compared to plain surfaces. Among the 3D printed surfaces, the Mushroom surface exhibits the highest enhancement in CHF of 88 % compared to the plain surface. Similarly, the maximum HTC enhancements are 138 %, 86 %, 65 %, and 46 % for the Mushroom, Cactus, Petal, and Torus surfaces, respectively, compared to the plain surface. The methodologies and findings of this study are poised to have a lasting impact on the field, potentially opening new avenues for improving the efficiency and effectiveness of various two-phase heat exchangers.

Enhancing Magnesium Bioactivity for Biomedical Applications: Effects of Laser Texturing and Sandblasting on Surface Properties

Magnesium and its alloys, valued for their lightweight and durable characteristics, have garnered increasing attention for biomedical applications due to their exceptional biocompatibility and biodegradability. This work introduces a comparison of advanced and basic methods—laser texturing and sandblasting—on magnesium surfaces to enhance bioactivity for biomedical applications. Employing a comprehensive analysis spanning surface morphology, hardness, wettability, tribological performance, and corrosion behavior, this study elucidates the intricate relationship between varied surface treatments and magnesium’s performance. Findings reveal that both laser texturing and sandblasting induce grain refinement. Notably, sandblasting, particularly with a duration of 2 s, demonstrates superior wear resistance and reduced corrosion rates compared to untreated magnesium, thereby emerging as a promising approach for enhancing magnesium bioactivity in biomedical contexts. This investigation contributes to a deeper understanding of the nuanced interactions between diverse surface treatments and their implications for magnesium implants in chloride-rich environments, offering valuable insights for prospective biomedical applications.

Natural coil springs: Biomechanics and morphology of the coiled tendrils of the climbing passion flower Passiflora discophora

Tendrils of climbing plants possess a striking spring-like structure characterized by a minimum of two helices of opposite handedness connected by a perversion. By performing tensile experiments and morphological measurements on tendrils of the climbing passion flower Passiflora discophora, we show that these tendril springs act as coil springs within the plant's attachment system and resemble technical coil springs. However, tendril springs have a low spring index and a high pitch angle compared with typical metal coil springs resulting in a more complex loading situation in the plant tendrils. Moreover, the tendrils undergo a drastic shift from the fresh turgescent stage to a dried-off and dead senescent stage. This entails changes in material properties (elastic modulus in tension), morphology (tendril and helix diameter, number of windings), anatomy (tissue composition), and failure behavior (susceptibility to delamination) and reduces the degree of elasticity and strain at failure of the tendrils. Nevertheless, senescent tendrils remain functional as springs and maintain high energy dissipation capacity and high break force. This renders the system highly energy efficient, as the plant no longer needs to metabolically sustain the died-back tendrils. Because of its energy-storing spring system, its high energy dissipation and high safety factor, the attachment system can be considered a ‘fail-safe’ system. Statement of significanceThe use of coil springs as mechanical devices is not restricted to man-made machinery; striking spring structures can also be found within the attachment systems of climbing plants. Passiflora discophora climbs by using long thin tendrils with adhesive pads at their tips. Once the pads have attached to a support, the tendrils coil and form a spring-like structure. Here, we analyze the form and mechanics of these ‘tendril springs’, compare them with conventional technical coil springs, and discuss changes in the tendril springs during plant development. We reveal the main features of the attachment system, which might inspire new artificial attachment devices within the emerging field of plant-inspired soft-robotics.

Bi2O2.33/Bi4O5I2-heterojunction photocatalysts for adsorption and visible light-driven degradation of pharmaceutical pollutants

This study introduces the innovative Bi4O5I2/Bi2O2.33 heterojunction for diclofenac (DF) degradation. Pharmaceutical pollutants, especially DF, pose significant threats to water sources, necessitating efficient treatment methods. Bi2O2.33, renowned for its unique ferromagnetic properties, emerges as a promising photocatalyst for pollutant degradation. Bi4O5I2, known for strong visible light absorption and stability, holds potential for environmental applications. Interestingly, the inclusion of titanium dioxide (TiO2) in the composite catalysts significantly influences their observed ferromagnetic properties, as revealed by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, by influencing the interactions within the Bi4O5I2/Bi2O2.33 heterojunction and influencing its structure, morphology, and spin behavior. This interaction results in enhanced EPR and Ferromagnetic Resonance (FMR) signals, indicating intriguing spin interactions, polarization effects, charge transfers, surface dynamics, and stabilized magnetic domains. While the enhanced ferromagnetism holds promise for efficient charge separation and potential applications in environmental remediation, the expected boost in visible light-driven activity was not fully realized. This limitation is attributed to TiO2 inherent inability to directly absorb visible light, hindering its utilization for enhanced photocatalysis within the heterojunction. Nevertheless, these findings elucidate the multifaceted role of TiO2 in modulating the magnetic properties of these catalysts, offering valuable insights for future advancements in the design of advanced photocatalysts for effective environmental remediation.

Mechanism of Treadmill Exercise Combined with Rich Environmental Stimulation to Improve Depression in Post-stroke Depression Model Rats.

Post-stroke depression (PSD) is a common complication, occurring in approximately one-third of these patients. The neurological symptoms of PSD affect patients' daily life and subsequent recovery. Analyzing the pathogenesis of post-stroke depression from a psychological perspective, it was found that PSD patients often feel despair and anxiety, and it is crucial to explore non-pharmacological ways to improve post-stroke depressive symptoms. A combination of exercise and rich environmental stimulation (RES) has been found effective in improving post-stroke depressive symptoms. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effects of exercise and rich environmental stimulation on PSD in rats and their potential underlying mechanisms and to provide a theoretical basis for managing PSD. The PSD rat model was constructed, and the depression-like behaviors of rats in each group were evaluated using the open field test (OFT), sucrose preference test (SPT), and forced swimming test (FST). Moreover, changes in the morphological behavior of rat hippocampus were observed using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and Nissl staining. The expression levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) in hippocampus tissues were assessed using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the levels of tryptophan-related proteins were determined employing western blot analysis. Additionally, a kynurenine-3-monooxygenase (KMO) inhibitor was administered to the combined stimulation group, and the levels of tryptophan (TRP), 5-HT, kynurenine (KYN), 3-hydroxy-kynurenine (3-HK), and quinolinic acid (QA) were evaluated using liquid chromatography mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Treadmill exercise combined with rich environmental stimulation significantly reduced the immobility time in the FST (p < 0.01), increased the exploratory behavior in the OFT (p < 0.05), and increased the sucrose water consumption in the SPT (p < 0.01), indicating that the depression-like behavior was improved. Treadmill exercise combined with rich environmental stimulation also improved the shape of the damaged hippocampus and increased the number of neurons in the hippocampus. Additionally, treadmill exercise combined with rich environmental stimulation significantly increased the levels of 5-HT and NE in hippocampus tissues (p < 0.01) and decreased KMO protein level (p < 0.01). In the KMO inhibitor group, the neural function was efficiently restored, the levels of 3-HK, QA, and KMO in the hippocampus were substantially reduced (p < 0.01), and the expression level of 5-HT was increased (p < 0.01). Exercise stimulation combined with enriched environmental stimuli alleviates post-stroke depression in rats, and the underlying mechanisms may be related to TRP/KYN/3-HK/QA excitotoxicity pathways and increased 5-hydroxytryptamine levels.