Moral Strength Research Articles

Exploring The Impact of Educational Leadership on Secondary School Teachers' Professional Growth: A Comprehensive Survey

The study titled "Educational Leadership: A Survey on Secondary School Teachers" was conducted in the Sadar block of Balasore, Odisha, with a focus on 121 teachers from 19 secondary schools. A sample of 93 teachers, selected using the Raosoft sample size calculator at a 95% confidence level through stratified random sampling, participated. The research aimed to explore leadership qualities among secondary school teachers, specifically comparing the perceptions of science and humanities teachers. Using percentage analysis, the study analyzed quantitative and qualitative data collected via questionnaires and standardized tools. The findings revealed that teachers generally have a positive perception of leadership traits such as interpersonal relations, intellectual operations, and emotional stability. However, many indicated a need for improvement in ethical and moral strength. While communication adequacy and operational citizenship were rated positively, a minority of teachers gave lower ratings in these areas. The study concluded with recommendations for schools to offer professional development programs, mentorship initiatives, and collaborative efforts to enhance leadership skills. Access to workshops, relevant literature, and conferences was suggested as essential for fostering continuous growth in educational leadership among teachers. Key words: Educational Leadership, Secondary School Teachers, Teacher Perceptions, Leadership Qualities

The Relationship Between Moral Sensitivity, Missed Nursing Care and Moral Distress Among New Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study.

To explore the relationships among moral sensitivity, missed nursing care and moral distress in the context of new nurses in China. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was conducted. A total of 228 new nurses were recruited from three tertiary hospitals in Qingdao, Shandong Province, China. Participants provided their sociodemographic and professional information and completed the Chinese Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire-Revised Version, the Chinese Missed Nursing Care Survey Version and the Chinese Moral Distress Scale-Revised Version. The data were analysed using Spearman's correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. The means and standard errors of moral sensitivity, missed nursing care and moral distress were 40.71 (0.39), 9.82 (0.78) and 34.87 (2.41), respectively. The variable of missed nursing care exhibited a significant negative relationship with moral sensitivity and a significant positive relationship with moral distress. Regression analysis revealed that the main factors influencing new nurses' moral distress were educational background, nature of job, current unit, frequency of night shifts and the dimensions of moral strength and responsibility. These factors can explain 14.9% of the total variation. The findings revealed that higher rates of missed nursing care were associated with lower moral sensitivity and greater moral distress among new nurses. Therefore, developing interventions to reduce missed nursing care may be a promising strategy for improving moral sensitivity and preventing moral distress among new nurses. In hospitals, moral distress can be improved by focusing on modifiable factors such as staffing resources, leading to better promoting new nurses' health and improving the quality of care. This study can highlight practices accounting for moral sensitivity and missed nursing care in nursing research and training programmes. Strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement. No patient or public contribution.

The Importance of Religion for Human Health

Religion and health science have the potential to support each other, for example, people who want to carry out the Hajj pilgrimage (Islam) need the role of medical personnel to carry out general health check-ups so that the Hajj pilgrimage can run well. If you remember the code of ethics that applies in the field of medicine or nursing, to provide health services without discrimination based on race, ethnicity, religion and customs. This means that medical personnel must not act in discrimination against patients. Religion has a strategic function to be a source of moral strength for both patients in the healing process and health workers. For religious people, they hold the belief that God's treatment is in accordance with human expectations of Him.

Dynamics of Power and Politics in Ibn Khaldun's Social Philosophy

This research examines Ibn Khaldun's social and philosophical thoughts, especially regarding power and its dynamics. Using quantitative data from literature studies, we understand that cycle theory is a fundamental principle for Ibn Khaldun when looking at power dynamics and human civilization. Ibn Khaldun believes that human power and civilization have cycles like human life. Humans are born, grow, develop, mature and grow old and then die. According to Ibn Khaldun, power is also the same; nothing lasts forever, and everything has a final limit. Ibn Khaldun believes that the fundamental laws in social and political systems are not static but historical. The period for a civilization or power to survive depends on the strength of the Asabiyyah in society, state, culture, and the nation itself. Besides 'asabiyyah, moral strength is a pillar in maintaining civilization's progress and power. Morals are the soul of power and civilization. Their existence is like the soul for the body. Moral principles in exercising power also differentiate Ibn Khaldun from the pragmatic view of power and modern politics, which believes that politics does not have to be linked to moral values; it is the art of achieving power by any means. According to Ibn Khaldun, power is not merely the physical and worldly control authority over a country and region. Still, it functions as an instrument that guarantees the realization of God's vision for human civilization, namely the benefit of the people or the common good.

칸트의 덕 개념과 도덕교육

Discussions about moral education based on Kant’s philosophy generally seem to revolve around the awakening and enlightenment of morality and good will. In such cases, educators face the difficult problem of coercion to exercise freedom. However, Kant’s moral philosophy does not ignore discussions related to the use of virtue and its cultivation, in addition to good will and sense of duty. If discussions about moral education are developed more based on Kant’s concept of virtue than on Kant’s one of morality, new concepts of educational practices may be developed. With this critical awareness in mind, the author seeks to find a more practical and realistic form of moral education that is based on duty ethics by paying attention to the concept of virtue discussed in Kant’s Metaphysics of Morals. For Kant, virtue is acquired as a result of empirically strengthening the power and capacity of good will in response to specific resistance. Therefore, virtue progresses to the self-domination of practical reason, which governs and dominates passions through respect for the law. In this respect, moral education, which is the acquisition of virtue, is more than awareness and enlightenment of good will. This is because virtue includes not only the ‘autonomy’ of practical reason, but also the moral strength of ‘self-dominance’ of practical reason. However, this does not mean that virtue goes beyond good will. It just adds a human and personal realization(achievement) of good will. A virtuous person is the result of education as training and practice.

Qur’anic Methods in Instilling Characters in a family: An Educational Perspective

Characters are closely related to morality which is underpinned on the moral strength based on the value system instilled as early as possible in a family. The study aims to discuss the Qur’anic methods used to instill the early childhood’s characters in a family. To gain the data, the researchers employ qualitative method under descriptive approach. In addition, to analyse the data, it is used content analysis technique. The results of the study assert that characters education needs to be taught and instilled as early as possible to early childhood at home. Through the education, the parents need an enormous efforts to instill characters education to the early childhood. One of the efforts is using the Qur’anic methods used to instill the early childhood’s characters in a family. The Qur’anic methods consist of the Amtsal method, the Kisah (story) method, the Ibrah Mauidzah method, the Targhib wa Tarhib method, the Tajribi method, the Uswah Hasanah method, and the Hiwar method. In conclusion, instilling characters to early childhood in a family needs the suitable methods, so that its implementation is going to be in harmony with planning and achieve the goal to create early childhood to be ‘Insan Kamil’.

The influence of an experimental physical training program on 100 m running speed indicators of educators of table tennis groups of a higher education institution. Dynamics and forecasting.

The problem of improving the process of physical education of students has been the subject of specialists' attention for many years. Analysis of literary sources shows that the level of physical fitness, mental and moral strength of the main mass of applicant’s education remains quite low. This requires finding new ways to improve physical, mental and moral condition of student youth. Purpose: experimental check the effect of specially designed classes included in the physical education program training of students of sports oriented groups in table tennis of the institution of higher education on the indicator of running speed for 100 m. Material: used in the experiment participation of 106 first-year students of different genders (53 – control group and 53 – experimental). The R/S method was proposed for processing experimental data. Informed consent to participate in this experiment was obtained from all participants. Results: at the end of the experiment (May), the results of the students of the experimental group qualitatively differed from the results of the students of the control group groups The results of the pedagogical experiment indicate the need for inclusion of the proposed classes in the educational program for physical education of students of groups with a sports orientation, in particular (sectional classes) table tennis. The experimental program included classes with running at the maximum pace at short distances from 15 to 30 m, at a distance of 60 and 100 m, running at maximum pace cross step in different directions. Relays with running were also used, moving in different ways, mobile games and sports team games. Organization education seekers was carried out by the frontal method and the method of circular training. When using circular training, accelerations for 100 m were used speed up to 65-70% of the maximum, which alternated with running for a distance of 50 m at a slow pace The training program also included classes with cross-country elements training and elements of basic aerobics, step aerobics, dance aerobics, which accounted for up to 25% of the time. The pedagogical experiment was conducted during the academic year with from October 2020 to June 2021. Conclusions: this experiment proved that that the inclusion of specially developed table tennis sections in the curriculum classes, made it possible to improve the indicators of education seekers in running a distance of 100 m. The method of exponential smoothing made it possible to predict the results on future. One of the advantages of the calculation method proposed in the article is that that fractal analysis allows to reveal stochastic (random) time series. In such, there is no long-term statistical dependence in the time series.

Sita: A symbol of Strength, Resilience, and Empowerment in The Forest of Enchantments

The epic, Ramayana is an enduring literary classic and serves as a guide for social practices, which have a great deal of influence even today. Ramayana is about satisfaction, sacrifice, honesty, and destruction of greed and indiscipline. The epic pictures the birth of goddess, Lakshmi as an avatar to rescue the earth and to destroy the evil kings, who plunder the resources and destroy life through bloody wars and evil conduct. Sita is one of the significant characters in the epic, Ramayana who is considered to be one of the Panchkanyas and respected as the epitome of all womanly virtues for Hindu women. Ramayana depicts women as warriors in domestic life and the novel, The Forest of Enchantments, depicts the incredible journey of women in a patriarchal society and pictures the struggle of modern women to achieve their identity in both their families and society. Chitra Banerjee in The Forest of Enchantments explores the characters of women and brings out their qualities like their moral strength and urges them to attain their destiny. The novel brings out the importance of women’s role in both their family and society.

Effects of intellectual humility in the context of affective polarization: Approaching and avoiding others in controversial political discussions.

Affective polarization, the extent to which political actors treat each other as disliked outgroups, is challenging political exchange and deliberation, for example, via mistrust of the "political enemy" and unwillingness to discuss political topics with them. The present experiments address this problem and study what makes people approach, and not avoid, potential discussion partners in the context of polarized political topics in Germany. We hypothesized that intellectual humility, the recognition of one's intellectual limitations, would predict both less affective polarization and higher approach and lower avoidance tendencies toward contrary-minded others. Across four preregistered online-survey experiments (N = 1,668), we manipulated how intellectually humble a target person was perceived and measured participants' self-reported (topic-specific) intellectual humility. Results revealed that participants' intellectual humility was consistently negatively correlated with affective polarization. Additionally, intellectual humility of both the target person and the participants was beneficial, and sometimes even necessary, to make participants approach, and not avoid, the target person. Intellectual humility was more important than moral conviction, opinion, and opinion strength. Furthermore, the effects on approach and avoidance were mediated by more positive expectations regarding the debate, and the effects on future willingness for contact by higher target liking. Our findings suggest that intellectual humility is an important characteristic to enable political exchange as it leads to seeing political outgroups more positively and to a higher willingness to engage in intergroup contact. Implications for intergroup contact of political groups as well as ideas for future research are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Life Satisfaction, Courage, and Career Adaptability in a Group of Italian Workers

Today’s work market is both unsteady and unpredictable, and this requires taking urgent and practical actions aiming at creating work opportunities and “better” jobs, promoting a social and solidarity economy, and encouraging the development of moral strength in the workplace. From the Life Design approach perspective, our study examines two variables necessary to cope with the current labor market, courage, and career adaptability, and their role in life satisfaction. Through courage, a full mediational model between life satisfaction and career adaptability was tested in the 525 (291 men and 234 women) employees involved in the present study. Results support the mediational model. Mainly, life satisfaction was predicted indirectly by career adaptability through courage. Such outcome has important implications for practice and highlights the need to support workers in planning their life design by developing career adaptability and workers’ voluntary feeling to act, according to different levels of fear, when facing a threat to the achievement of a significant result or objective, which in turn will positively influence their feelings of life satisfaction.

Hoover and Umaña patriarchadicy as the foundational myth of Pentecostalism in Chile (1910–1964)

ABSTRACT This research seeks to elucidate the role of two historical figures of Chilean Pentecostalism, W. C. Hoover and Manuel Umaña, in the construction of patriarchadicy as the foundational and pervasive ideology of Pentecostalism. Our theoretical approach is based on the structuralist constructivism of Berger and Bourdieu. Berger allows us to consider religion from the standpoint of theodicy and Bourdieu from that of masculine dominance. Both of them have allowed us to generate a new conceptual proposal, which we have called patriarchadicy: an ideology vindicating the superiority of men and the inferiority of women as religious leaders. According to it, man’s physical strength is interwoven with the moral strength of woman; man’s moral weakness, with the physical weakness of woman. Thus, the socio-ecclesiastico-familial organicism is reinvented to generate an assumed ontological complementarity of man-head-leader and idoneous woman-hand-helpmeet. Our methodology has included a review of the two institutional publications, Chile Pentecostal: (1910–1927) and its second period (1933–1979), and Fuego de Pentecostés (1928–2019).

A Survey of Availability Heuristics in Behavioral Economics and Its Application Analysis

Early in the 1990s, significant advancements were made in our understanding of the availability heuristic. Following that, economist Howard Kunreuther discovered that availability effects contribute to the explanation of the trend of insurance purchasing and sparing actionafter disaster during the initial phaseof his profession investigating risk and insurance. The most significant research on availability biases was done in Eugene. They conducted ground-breaking research on how people perceive risks, including a study that has come to serve as the paradigmatic illustration of an availability heuristic [1]. This paper introduces the concept of the availability heuristic in behavioral economics, outlining the development of the theory and its importance. At the same time, this study demonstrates through three applications (investment decision, advertising, moral strength, and ethical decision-making). These three applications prove that if the availability heuristic is triggered, people will focus on facts that is current or readily recalled rather than analyzing every relevant details. As a result, this will increase the likelihood of an incident or the occurrence of a group they assess.

Efficiency and the futures market in organs.

There has been considerable debate over regulated organ markets. Especially current markets, where people sell one of their kidneys while still alive, have received increased attention. Futures markets remain an interesting and under-discussed alternative specification of a market-based solution to the organ shortage. Futures markets pertain to the sale of the right to procure people's organs after they die. There is a wide range of possible specifications of the futures market. There are, however, some major unaddressed efficiency concerns. This article presents this class of concerns and discusses the implication for organ futures markets.It identifies a number of inefficiency sources pertaining to crowding out, bad organs, costs and missed opportunities, family refusals,moral hazardand strength of the provided incentive. However, a complete assessment of futures market requires better knowledge regarding the potential reaction from donors, families and health professionals.

Preventing Tax Evasion: The Moral Strength of Taxpayers and The Power of Tax Authorities

This study aims to determine the effect of coercive power and the legitimacy of the tax authority on the morale of taxpayers to prevent tax evasion. This study conducts a moderation test to determine the role of tax morale. This study uses a survey approach by distributing 100 questionnaires and analyses them using Partial Least Square (PLS). The results prove that the morale of taxpayers is a force to prevent tax evasion. A moderation test proves that tax morals can weaken the influence of government coercion on tax avoidance. Tax morale strengthens the influence of legitimate power on tax avoidance, although the government's legitimate power does not directly affect tax avoidance. This study explains that taxpayer fraud can be anticipated by enforcing government power through sanctions and audits accompanied by moral strength. The moral strength of taxpayers is a factor that plays a role in controlling government behaviour.

STUDENT PERSPECTIVE AS AGENT OF CHANGE THROUGH EDUCATION

This study aims to determine: Student’s perspective as an agent of change. The research method used is a qualitative method. Data collection techniques using observation and interviews. The data processing technique uses triangulation. Data analysis used inductive analysis, namely data reduction, unitization and categorization, data display and conclusion drawing. The results showed that: 1. Students as agents of change, namely students have an important role in a change regardless of the level of society or economic status, the intended changes are students who are agents of change, guardians of values, successors of the nation, moral strength and social control. 2. The role of civic education in shaping students as agents of change through several stages, namely: through cognitive, affective, and psychomotor instilled through civic education. Students as the agent of change students have significant roles in a change without seeing society or economic status, changes in intent students the agent of change, the value, a the next generation, of moral strength and social control Keyword: College Student; Agen of Change; Education

Pengamalan Pancasila pada Siswa Sekolah Dasar

Pancasila is one of the foundations of social life to build humane citizens. The inculcation of Pancasila values ​​needs to be done from an early age so that when he becomes an adult, the national character is attached to him. Socializing the practice of Pancasila to elementary school students is a way that can be taken to instill Pancasila values ​​as the basis of the state. Students as agents of change, guardians of values, successors of the nation, moral strength, and social control need to contribute to the inculcation of Pancasila in students. The purpose of this activity is that students provide an understanding of Pancasila as well as education on the practice of Pancasila in everyday life to students. This activity was carried out by 7 students of the Mathematics Education study program with their respective division of tasks. The target of this activity is the fourth grade elementary school students. Data is collected through observation when students carry out activities in class. The result of this activity is that students listen well to the presentation of the material because they are interested in information on the form of Pancasila practice. In addition, students are enthusiastic about participating in activities because external parties or students deliver the material.

Ethical Sensitivity and its Association with Caring Behavior among Healthcare Workers in Delta State, Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study

Introduction: Caring behavior is a unique behavior that can promote patients’ well-being, the performance of healthcare workers, and the general effectiveness of healthcare institutions. The mechanism and possible predictors of caring behavior are under-researched in health and organizational behavior literature. Based on the aforementioned, this study examined the predictive effect of ethical sensitivity (dimensions included) on caring behavior, and gender differences in caring behavior and ethical sensitivity among public healthcare workers in Delta State, Nigeria. Methods: A cross-sectional research design and a quantitative approach for data collection were adopted. Simple random sampling was adopted for selecting the participating hospitals while the convenience sampling technique was utilized for selecting the healthcare workers. Two instruments with good psychometric properties were used for the data collection. The simple linear regression and independent sample t-test were used for testing the hypotheses via the IBM-SPSS v.25. Results: The participants comprised 150 healthcare workers from public-owned hospitals consisting of 73(48.7%) males and 77(51.3%) females with a mean age of 40.60 years and a standard deviation of 9.30. The results of the study indicated that ethical sensitivity positively and significantly predicted caring behavior. Also, two dimensions of ethical sensitivity, moral strength, and moral responsibility positively and significantly predicted caring behavior while a sense of moral burden did not. Finally, there was no significant gender difference in caring behavior and ethical sensitivity. Conclusion: This study highlights the role of ethical sensitivity, moral strength, and moral responsibility in predicting higher levels of caring behavior among healthcare workers. Thus, it was recommended that hospital administrators, health policymakers, and practitioners seeking to boost the caring behavior of healthcare workers should focus on enhancing factors such as sensitivity to ethical standards. Also, administrators of medical education can nurture intending healthcare workers (medical students) on the importance of ethics in the medical profession.

Protocols of Conversion: Indigenous Gods and Eminent Monks in East Asian Buddhism

This article examines the relationships between eminent monks and local gods in East Asian Buddhism, problematizing the ill-defined and much-employed concept of “protector deity of the dharma” (Skt. dharmapāla). By carefully examining various stories of the interactions between eminent monks and various gods found mostly in the biographies of eminent monks in Buddhist literature, we find three recognizable patterns when an indigenous god transforms into a “Buddhist” god. This study illustrates the ways in which local gods obtain Buddhist identities and deciphers how the “conversion” becomes possible via the spiritual power of the eminent monks, whose drive from their moral strength serves as the foundation of their spiritual essence. In this long process of localization of the dharma, the most effective narratives link the idea of the dharmapāla with the virtue of eminent monks. Hence, these narratives in GSZ, XGSZ, and Samugykusa contain colorful examples of taming local gods and malicious spirits with their mental power and moral virtue, finding a place for those gods to fit into the new Buddhist order. This study provides insights into the complex interactions between different religious traditions and sheds light on the ways in which religious ideas and practices are adapted and transformed in new cultural contexts.

Promoting character through developmental experiences in conservation service youth programs

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to understand the developmental experiences that unfold in youth development contexts, and why they matter for character development. Drawing on pre- and post-program data provided by 846 adolescents (47% female, 63% youth of color), this paper empirically investigated the role of three developmental experiences―developmental relationships, critical reflection, and intrinsic program engagement―in promoting civic, moral, intellectual, and performance character strengths in a conservation context in the United States. Results provide robust evidence of the pervasive power of all three developmental experiences, and especially youth-adult developmental relationships and critical reflection, in promoting key elements of character. Specific suggestions are described for organizational action to invest strategically and systematically in these program features to support young people’s character development.

Should Uterus Transplantation for Transwomen and Transmen Be Subsidized?

Success in uterus transplantation (UTx) among ciswomen suggests that transwomen and some transmen will also likely have interest in this intervention. It does not seem likely, however, that all parties interested in UTx will have the same standing when it comes to federal subsidies or insurance coverage benefits. This analysis describes the comparative moral strength of claims for financial support for UTx that different parties might make.