Moral Side Research Articles

The Moral Shock of the War in Ukraine and the Mobilization of World Resources in the Light of the Philosophy of Mind

The relevance of the article lies in the need to study the moral side of war and the mobilization of world resources in the context of educational philosophy. In the context of metaphysics, war has an anti-materialistic, spiritual meaning and is "a certain test for the nation", which can be a manifestation of artificial intelligence. It is during war that society fights for the highest principles of civilization, not for the state or its ambitious aspirations. Both war and heroic experience can awaken deep forces connected to the foundations of race. On the contrary, materialists, especially Marxists, saw the cause of wars solely in social-class inequality and the antagonistic confrontation "between labor and capital." At the same time, war in society is not just a phenomenon of armed struggle guided by politics, a way of achieving one's goals with the use of armed violence. It is followed by a change in the course of numerous social processes and the involvement of economic, ideological and other forces of society in the struggle. War tests the economic and organizational strength of every nation. Therefore, it is important to understand the war as provoking a moral shock in Ukraine and mobilizing world resources in the light of the philosophy of reason. Its impact on social development is associated with a significant disruption and change in the usual functions and nature of the existence of elements of this or that social organization.

CRIMINAL SANCTION OF THE LEGAL PERSON

The criminal liability of the legal person is not a new institution in terms of criminal law, being a necessity of the current times in which legal persons are more and more involved in criminal resolution. Many times, natural persons resort to the moral side of individuals to commit illegal acts or give birth to legal persons aiming to avoid criminal liability through them, by interposing the legal person to the completed act. Thus, the criminal activity of the legal person represents the specific actions of one or more natural persons.

Social Sciences (Miscellaneous): Categories of Morality and Ethics in Modern Dominant Socio-Philosophical Concepts

Annotation. This article is devoted to the analysis of the categories of morality and ethics in the modern socio-philosophical concepts dominating in the world. The work provides a comprehensive analysis of the concepts of "morality" and "ethics" as socio-philosophical categories and as phenomena of social reality. In particular, morality in the work is understood as a set of ideas accepted in a particular society (which can be formalized in the form of regulations, legal customs and judicial precedents, or reflected in traditions, folklore, linguistic culture and other stable forms of social communication) about possible and acceptable boundaries of human behavior and his relationship to the surrounding reality (primarily society, man and nature), through the prism of which a person manifests himself as a thinking being with freedom of internal choice. In turn, ethics in work is understood as the internal side of morality, which is formed in a person in the process of interiorization of his psyche, which is a set of ideas conscious and accepted by a given person about the possible and acceptable boundaries of his behavior, as well as about his relationship to the surrounding reality (material and the immaterial world). The article substantiates the concept of a dominant socio-philosophical concept and provides a system of features identifying it. The authors analyze current trends in the positioning of the concepts of "morality" and "ethics" in the main socio-philosophical concepts dominant in the modern world: neoliberalism; neoconservatism; liberalism; conservatism; neo-anarchism; neo-marxism; marxism (proletarian internationalism); anti-globalism; alter-globalism; global constitutionalism; Islamic radical fundamentalism; Shiism; Sunnism, traditional and Orthodox Judaism, Chabadism. The work substantiates the position that the processes of globalization, which currently cover all of humanity, lead to an extremely negative tendency to smooth out contradictions regarding the ideas of the dominant socio-philosophical concepts on the model of man within their framework, one of the typifying features of which is the formation in human society of a new morality (an anti-moral person), whose behavior and attitude to the surrounding reality is increasingly determined by the system of his desires and needs, which, in turn, are increasingly formed in a manipulative manner by the global managing elites represented by the global managing class, without having any relation to the real needs of both individual citizens and society as a whole, ensuring their preservation and full development as rational, self-aware and free individuals.

The Role of Martyrdom and Victimhood in the Memory of the Greek Civil War Refugees in Czechoslovakia through the Prism of ‘Refugee’ Literature

This article focusses on the narratives of collective victimhood and martyrdom in the memories of refugees from the Greek Civil War (GCW, 1946–1949) to post-1948 communist Czechoslovakia (later, the Czech Republic). It analyses literary production by refugees, that is, ego-documents, popular history books and fiction, assessing refugees’ motivations in writing their own histories. It investigates the role of collective victimhood and its effect on the diaspora's identity, its aims and its functions. It determines that the narratives of martyrdom were an early representation by GCW refugees to portray themselves as heroic partisans and anti-fascist fighters and gain the high ground on the moral side of the conflict. Such perceptions, however, have in some cases persisted among communist-oriented authors to this day. This article distinguishes them from more personal expressions of collective victimhood, allowing for a plurality of interpretations of their refugee experience as well as a greater variety of motivations for capturing it in written form for a broader audience. This study aims to show how fluid and permeable these narratives of collective victimhood have been and how fundamentally they have affected the constitution of the GCW diaspora's identity.

Digital transformation and COVID-19: experience and prospects for the development of “society 5.0” in japan. analysis of the situation in Ukraine

In connection with the transformation of the civilizational landscape of the world, the need for the evolution of modern society is growing many times over, and Japan is a country where a new type of society is being formed at an unprecedented pace. The paper proposes to consider the features of the creation and development of “society 5.0” in the context of analyzing the implementation of the direction in Japanese practice by summing up the main components of the sphere. The main methods were the method of system analysis, with the help of which the key components of the digitalization of modern society in Japan were studied, and the historical method, with the help of which were outlined features of the implementation of information technology in all spheres of life of the country and society. The work examines the main semantic elements of such a phenomenon as “digital society” — definition, terms, characteristic features, common and distinctive factors. It was recorded that the quality indicators of modern humanity at the beginning of the 21st Century ceased to fully satisfy its needs and demands, and in connection with this, the need to create a new form of society is arose — a symbiosis of humans and digital technologies. In the context of the moral side of the issue, social and cultural problems arise, namely, how the synergistic combination of a living organism and robotic elements will affect Japanese society in the future. Through the prism of using the experience of digitalization of social, political and other spheres of interaction in Japan, it is summarized that Ukraine has all the prerequisites for their successful application in national practice. The results and conclusions of the work can be used as a practical basis for future scientific research, as well as in the context of developing state and social development strategies for the coming years.

НРАВСТВЕННЫЕ, МОРАЛЬНЫЕ И ЭТИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ СОВРЕМЕННОЙ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ЮРИСТА

The purpose of the work was to consider the general and special characteristics of professional legal activity from the standpoint of moral, ethical and moral components.The objectives of the work include the study of the ethical component of the legal profession, which represents a certain reputational basis characterizing the person of the legal sphere and the legal system as a whole, as well as the analysis of the professional status of the legal profession and its axiological and moral significance.To achieve this goal and solve problems, the author uses such general scientific and private scientific methods as analysis, synthesis, historical, system-structural, comparative methods.Results: the features of the moral component of the law enforcement process are determined, the characteristic features of local acts regulating the ethical side of the law enforcement officer's activities in state and non-state structures are highlighted, the aspect composition of professional ethics in general and ethics of judges in particular is highlighted.Conclusions: compliance with the norms of corporate ethics generally accepted in the professional legal community is one of the most important conditions for maintaining a high status and degree of trust in employees of the legal industry and public entities on the part of citizens. At the same time, in modern Russian reality, the regulators of the moral side of business and non-professional relations of a lawyer are directly or indirectly both legislation with a penitentiary background and local acts and norms of morality.

Ukrainian Theater After the Full-Scale Russian Invasion: A New Reading of Canonical Plays

The article analyzes the new senses that appeared in the 2021–2022 Ukrainian theater performances of canonical works. Two of the productions in question are based on Ukrainian classical texts, namely Taras Shevchenko’s “mystery poem” “Velykyi Lyokh” (The Great Dungeon) and Lesya Ukrainka’s dramatic poem Cassandra. The other two productions, based on Sophocles’ tragedy Oedipus Rex and Albert Camus’ play Caligula, consciously seek answers to the challenges of the new Ukrainian reality in the canon of world drama. The full-scale Russian invasion has made the well-known meanings in these works more clearly visible and added new ones. Against the backdrop of media discussions about the mental health of the Russian president, Caligula by the Ivan Franko Theater (Kyiv) reflects on the psychology of an authoritarian ruler. Oedipus Rex by the Theater on Podil (Kyiv) shows why the demand for justice is growing in wartime society and the moral side of actions is becoming increasingly important. The Great Dungeon by the Poltava Puppet Theater tells the dramatic story of the Russo-Ukrainian War through the prism of Shevchenko’s historical analogies. Cassandra by the Ivan Franko Theater creates the atmosphere of an vulnerable, open-air space where every inhabitant, except for the protagonist, prefers to protect themselves with fanciful constructions of ephemeral illusions. While the tragic reality of the Russо-Ukrainian War has led to the emergence of a large body of contemporary drama that interprets the new experience of Ukrainian society, the war reality has become a prerequisite for a significant rethinking of theatrical texts from the Ukrainian and Western European canon. Thus, Ukrainian theater is actively engaging with the new reality, intervening in various ways in current public discussions that aim to comprehend the drama of the war, and creating a safe space for a common emotional response to the latest tragic experience.

Междисциплинарные связи в преподавании биоэтики

Abstract. As you know, the moral side is in all our relationships, actions and thoughts. The procedure for evaluating on a scale of"good – bad" immediately translates judgments about reality into an ethical plane. This is most clearly seen when working with livingobjects, which makes bioethics a metascience. This, in turn, requires special methods, skills and ways of explication of value bases.And since the axiological portrait of reality is subjective and has a high degree of variability, the permanently ongoing dispute about thestructure and content of education in the field of bioethics is unlikely to have an unambiguous solution. Therefore, the bioethical para-digm of intentionality is so important in educational practices in this field of knowledge.

From prescribing dilemma to knowledge in practice: The ontological politics of benzodiazepines and Z-drugs

The discrepancy between official guidelines and clinical practice is hardly more pronounced than in the case of benzodiazepines and Z-drugs, also known as benzodiazepine receptor agonists (BZRA). Using social-constructionist positioning theory, we unravel how health care professionals deal with the dilemma of prescribing this medication. Our results reveal a prescribing spectrum that is discursively organised around four different storylines used by professionals. The storylines are organised along three axes that are related to a) prescribers' opinions on prescribing and the negotiation of the related risks, b) the power dynamics between provider and patient in the prescribing process and c) the rhetorical use of arguments. The discerned storylines allow us to explore the emotional and moral side of prescribing and demarcate clinical mindlines -internalised tacit guidelines-that professionals adhere to when they prescribe. By relying on Annemarie Mol's conceptualisation of ontological politics, we explain how these storylines enact multiple versions of this class of medication and justify seemingly contradictory prescribing practices.

The argumentasion and its relationship to the conceptual field

Al_Hajjaj considers argumentation an essential topic of modern linguistics، It is one of the linguistic activities on which the speaker، writer or orator depends. In modern linguistics studies، Al _Hajjaj has become an independent theory and is considered one of the deliberative investigations. It also represents a prominent and fundamental role in various sciences such as (philosophy، logic، politics and law... etc) and he has permanent presence among those sciences. In these few pages، I tried to stand on the meaning and concept of Al_Hajjaj from the linguistic and idiomatic stand points، and then stand on its relationship to his conceptual field. as it showed for Al_Hajjaj from the moral side as well as the bilateral relationship between each of the terms.

Police Hostage Rescue Operation: Assessing Nigerian Police Alertness and Responses to Kidnapped Victims

Kidnapping and hostage-taking have plagued Nigeria for over two decades, beginning with protests in the country’s Niger-Delta region. Afterward, the phenomenon has spread like a Harmattan bush fire across the country’s length and breadth. Although the phenomenon evolved from sheer agitation it became the most thriving business, even though it is on the wrong side of morality. Evidently, the spectacle has drawn tremendous literature and a crow’s nest that range from its evolution to politics, socioeconomic consequences and alternative negotiation, among other concerns and worries associated with it. Going by studies, the phenomenon has resulted in atrocious ransom payments, inhumane treatment and even deaths of helpless victims. Connectedly, the unpleasant experiences of victims, especially at the hands of their captors, inform this discourse on the alertness and responses of the Nigerian Police to kidnapped victims, which is what has remained either under-assessed or significantly under-examined. Relying significantly on both primary and secondary data, this article assesses the main security institution entrusted with the internal security of the nation, viz-à-viz its response to victims’ calls via operational tools, manpower, training and education, intelligence and synergy with sister security agencies. This article concludes that inadequacies and deficiencies in these variables have stalled the timely rescue of victims by police forces in the country.

PEDAGOGICAL CREATIVITY OF PROFESSOR S. M. KORNEEV AND PROBLEMS OF TEACHING THE COURSE OF CIVIL LAW

The article highlights the pedagogical and educational-methodical work of professor S. M. Korneev, including his work on the systematics of the civil law course. On this basis, the main goals and objectives of university (higher) legal education in the field of civil law are revealed. With reference to the works of the classics of Russian civil law I. A. Pokrovsky, L. I. Petrazhitsky and others, devoted to the issues of methods of teaching civil law, the necessity of studying in law schools not only and not so much the content of the current legislation and the judicial practice of its application (i. e. jurisprudence), as the conceptual foundations of civil science (i. e. jurisprudence) is substantiated on this basis, students develop the skills of legal thinking, based on their understanding of the essence and principles of civil (private) law, the moral side of civil law regulation and its focus on achieving social justice. From these positions, attempts are criticized to fundamentally reorient the university training of lawyers from a general theoretical to a “practice-oriented” model that does not take into account the constant changes in modern legislation, as well as the various shortcomings and errors in both its content and the judicial practice of its application.

Political Motives of Islamic Parties in Nominating Celebrities as Legislative Candidates for the 2024 Elections

The National Mandate Party (PAN) is the largest Islamic party that supports legislative candidates from among artists. Therefore, this study aims to explain PAN’s political motives in supporting legislative candidates from among artists for the 2024 elections. This research used a qualitative method with a case study approach. The findings explained that the political motives of material incentives and solidarity dominated PAN’s political recruitment. The material incentive motive is that artist candidates are used as a voter-getter strategy based on their financial strength and popularity. Then, the solidarity incentive political motive tends to be related to emotional and moral relationships. On the emotional side, PAN believes in supporting artist candidates again because it reflects their significant contribution to the party’s internal and parliamentary elections. Meanwhile, from the moral side, PAN has a specific goal to convey to the public that the party has an inclusive principle for all groups. It contradicts the Islamic religious identity attached to PAN, which is not specifically shown in nominating legislative candidates for the 2024 elections.

Humanitarian Diplomacy as a Tool for India's Middle East Strategy

India is among the first responders to Türkiye’s call for international help following the devastating earthquakes which occurred on February 6, 2023. India’s immediate and large-scale relief effort operation has been deliberately named as Operation Dost, which is a common word between Turkish and Hindi, meaning ‘friend.’ This relief operation is the latest example of India’s rising humanitarian aid to the Middle East region. India’s relief efforts in the Middle East include providing scholarships, healthcare services, and shelter for those affected by civil wars, conflicts, and disasters. Although one cannot rule out the moral side of this humanitarian effort, India’s increasing attention in responding humanitarian crises in the region also has strategic dimension. There is an undeniable connection between a state’s foreign interests and its engagement in humanitarian action. Humanitarian aid promotes diplomatic relations with recipient countries, enhancing donor country’s reputation. The Middle East region is a critical energy and remittances source for India. India aims to protect its interests in the Middle East especially after its regional rival the People’s Republic of China (PRC) also increases its presence. Humanitarian aid is an appropriate tool for India to boost its visibility among the countries and the peoples of the Middle East. In long-term, successful humanitarian aid builds up diplomatic capital, strengthening India’s position in the region.

KONSEP AL-UZLAH PADA KISAH ASHABUL AL-KAHFI PENDEKATAN TAFSIR MAQASID AL-QUR’AN PANDANGAN IBN ĀSYŪR

Uzlah, as a concept known in general, is an activity to avoid, stay away from, or leave something away from the crowd. However, the meaning of al-Uzlah in the Qur’an in surah al-Kahf as a thematic theme has several meanings and purposes of the Qur’an, which is called Maqashid al-Qur'an from the expression of this meaning. This research describes the maqasid al-Qur'an of Ibn Ashur with the Maqasidi interpretation approach to the meaning of al-Uzlah in the story of Ashabul Kahfi in maintaining the creed. This study uses a type of library research (library research) with the Maqasidi interpretation approach method. The results of this study of the word al-Uzlah in surah al-Kahf verse 16 rest on three meanings and purposes, first: alienating or withdrawing from the crowd, second: escaping from the slander of disbelief and polytheism, and third: leaving for the sake of defending the faith and seek a place where worship is free. The variety of maqasid that can be directed is Aqedah as protecting religious interests rather than wealth and throne. Furthermore, from the side of morality and an ethic

"THE FEMALE IDEAL IN MEDIEVAL SUFI LITERATURE (ON THE BASIS OF YASAWI HIKMETS)"

"Attitudes towards women define the moral side of all literature. In medieval Sufi literature, female protagonists always had female characters as its main characters. In our society, it is a common opinion that medieval works depict women as voiceless and repressed by religious prejudice and beliefs. Images of Muslim women have entered Sufi literature in line with religious beliefs and spiritual aspirations. They were the bearers of certain characteristic qualities of a socially significant woman, served as role models, and were not religiously repressive. On the contrary, their active life stance played an important role in the establishment of new social relations and new morals and manners. Apparently, literature was striving to solve the issues arising in the society in favor of establishing new morals. Sufi poets played an important role in this process. Their poetry portrays a woman as a morally stable and spiritually pure Muslim. The purpose of this paper is to examine the image of woman through Yasawi hikmets and to identify the feminine ideal in medieval Sufi literature. In order to achieve this research objective, a comprehensive analysis of Yasawi’s hikmets will be conducted and thus we will try to determine that the female ideal images were more vital, more earthly and rational in Sufi literature. Sufi traditions have so far been studied at different levels by philologists, musicologists and folklorists. However, among the available studies, the paucity of special papers on women image determines the relevance of scientific work. The hermeneutical, historical comparative analysis; literary-cognitive methods were used to address the research problem. According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that the ideal image of a woman in Sufi literature is a combination of the Islamic religion principles characteristic and the Turkic people female images characteristic, praised in Yasawi Hikmets. Keywords: Woman, Turkic literature, Diwani Hikmet, Sufi literature, Islam, Yasawi teaching, zykyr, female nature. "

Implementation of Ambush Marketing in 10 Local Brands at “Paris Fashion Week 2022” Phenomena

This research discusses how to apply ambush marketing to 10 local Indonesian brands in the “Paris Fashion Week 2022” phenomenon. This study argues that this phenomenon is part of ambush marketing, where 10 (ten) local Indonesian brands hold independent fashion shows in Paris on behalf of Paris Fashion Week 2022. The focus of the problem in this research is on how ambush marketing in this phenomenon is viewed from the business side, the communication side, the ethical and moral side, and the legal side. Of the 10 (ten) local brands, the ones that had the most attention are the ayam geprek and skincare brands. This study argues that ambush marketing generally occurs at major sporting events in the world, but this time it is something relatively new at fashion shows. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study method. This method was carried out by observing and studying internet news regarding 10 (ten) local Indonesian brands appearing at the 2022 Paris Fashion Show. Data collection techniques were carried out by collecting references and data literature from various sources, such as books, journals, and the internet, related to ambush marketing. This study uses the concept of “ambush marketing” as an analytical tool to explain the practices carried out by 10 (ten) local Indonesian brands in ‘riding’ the Paris Fashion Week 2022 event. The urgency of this research is to add to the literature on ambush marketing in the Indonesian context, which is rarely discussed in communication studies.

Specificity of the Patrimonial Liability in Labor Law, as a Form of the Civil Legal Liability

Increasingly common in labor law disputes, the petitions regarding the award of non-material damages to applicant are subject to judicial review they are working to ensure full compensation in case of illegal conduct also in labor law. Despite the fact that the labor law does not protect and does not have as its object the non-patrimonial aspects of the parties, as repercussions on the injured person, the full reparation is ensured by repairing the moral suffering that is generated by the illegality, including with regard to the employment relationship. All the more we could say that the repair can also have a moral side in the conditions in which the parts of the employment relationship, especially the employee, invest his knowledge, time, and skills, elements related to his personality and attitude. The analysis proposed by that article seeks precisely to justify non-material damages, on the principles of tortious liability, in the context of contractual liability such as that in employment relationships, including the fact that it is possible to engage the employee's moral responsibility towards an individual employer.

Університет як платформа для дискусій на тему етичного аспекту творчості науковців

Creativity is very important for scientists, but, unfortunately, it rarely becomes a topic for discussion within the field of professional ethics of scientists, engineers, physicists, and other figures in science and technology. After all, creativity is often considered a prerogative of artists only, and in this aspect, the moral side of creativity is practically not discussed. The purpose of the article is to show the importance of the moral aspect of creativity and the role of the university in understanding this. General scientific methods were used in the article: analytical, comparative, and generalization. Common from a public perspective is to think about science and technology in terms of the pervasive and ubiquitous practical impact of scientific achievements: electrification, cars, airplanes, water supply, computers, etc. However, to assess the societal impact of science and technology we cannot neglect the moral importance of scientific knowledge itself and the personal commitments of scientists, engineers, and other science-oriented professionals. Personal commitments and ideals include humanitarian, environmental, religious, political, aesthetic, and family obligations. They also include voluntary commitments to adhere the professional standards, especially when these commitments are related to a person's broader value perspective. The university promotes not only the development of scientific creativity among students but also an opportunity to understand the moral problems of their professional activities and obtain possible solutions to these problems in professional and corporate ethics courses. Thus, the university helps students in their future activities as the first platform for discussions on the ethical aspect of researchers' work.

Moral immunity test: COVID- 19 pandemic challenges (Part II)

The article examines the moral side of the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic at a scientific and practical level. The author draws attention to the importance of the moral choice of citizens in relation to vaccination as a means of overcoming the disease. Attention is drawn to the fact that the Republic of Moldova lags behind a number of countries in terms of vaccination rates. The author analyzed the conditions favorable to the vaccination process. The conditions of totalitarianism in China, the state religion in the United Arab Emirates as conditions for promoting successful immunization of the population are not attractive for the Republic of Moldova, which has taken a course towards democracy and European integration. The example of Western European countries with their high rates of vaccination is more preferable for Moldova. In order to successfully pass the test for moral choice - to join immunization, the citizens of Moldova will have to work to enrich the traditional (religious) public moral code with European liberal values. This is prompted by the path of integration into the European Union chosen by Moldova. Роговая Галина