Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire Research Articles

Evaluation of Rajapravartani Vati and Saraswatarishta in dysmenorrhea: A study protocol for a single-arm, multicenter, and community-based study

Abstract BACKGROUND: Primary dysmenorrhea is one of the major public health concerns that affects about 50%–90% of women. Even though the condition is associated with psychosomatic symptoms, conventional management is mainly focused on reducing pain only. This study is designed to evaluate the potential of Ayurvedic management in dysmenorrhea, addressing both physical and psychosomatic aspects of the condition. OBJECTIVE: The study aims to assess the effectiveness and tolerability of Rajapravartani Vati and Saraswatarishta in dysmenorrhea. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study is a prospective, single-arm, open-label, and multicenter clinical study involving 10 centers. According to pre-defined selection criteria, a total of 460 participants with primary dysmenorrhea in the age range of 14–25 years will be enrolled from the study sites. All participants will receive Rajapravartani Vati 500 mg twice daily orally starting from 7 days before the expected date of the menstrual cycle up to the third day of menstruation for three consecutive menstrual cycles. Saraswatarishta will be given, a 10 mL dose with 20 mL of lukewarm water at bedtime for 84 days. The participants will be followed for further 3 months to assess the sustained effect of the intervention. The change in pain, disease-specific symptoms, and psychosomatic status will be assessed for three consecutive cycles by using the Visual Analog Scale score, Working Ability, Location, Intensity, Days of pain, Dysmenorrhea score, and Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire, respectively. The tolerability of the drugs will be assessed through the occurrence of treatment-emergent adverse events during the study period, and compliance to study interventions. DISCUSSION: This study will help in providing evidence-based scientific data related to the clinical evaluation and tolerability of Rajapravartani Vati and Saraswatarishta in dysmenorrhea. TRIAL REGISTRATION: CTRI/2023/07/054617 dated July 3, 2023.

Comparing Pilates and Gym Ball Exercises for Primary Dysmenorrhea Management: An Empirical Study.

Primary dysmenorrhea, commonly known as menstrual cramps, is a prevalent gynecological issue that impacts many women in their childbearing age. It manifests as reoccurring, cramp-like lower abdominal pain, usually commencing right prior to or during the menstrual period. These painful sensations can be severe, extending to the lower back and upper thighs can greatly disrupt a woman's daily life and overall well-being. The optimal exercise approach is needed for individuals seeking relief from primary dysmenorrhea, allowing healthcare providers and women themselves to make informed decisions regarding their treatment options. Though many forms of exercise interventions exist in the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea,this study aimsto compare two forms of intervention namely pilates and gym ball exercises on pain and menstrual distress among women with Primary Dysmenorrhea. This experimental comparative study was carried out with 30 young female participants over a 12-week period. Participant recruitment was done through a simple random sampling method. The criteria of inclusion encompassed young females aged 17-25 years, those in good health, and those experiencing primary dysmenorrhea. Exclusion criteria included secondary dysmenorrhea, medication use, polycystic ovarian syndrome, bleeding disorders, positive pregnancy tests, breastfeeding, and other medical conditions. Group A received Pilates exercises, while Group B underwent Gym ball exercises. The assessment of both groups' menstrual distress levels was conducted using the Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ) and pain scores using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). In the statistical analysis, Group A (Pilates Exercises) showed a significantly lower mean value (2.60) on the VAS compared to Group B (Swiss Ball Exercises) (5.46), with both groups experiencing a notable reduction in post-test scores (p ≤ 0.001). Additionally, on the MOOS MDQ score, Group A (Pilates Exercises) achieved a lower mean value (79.33) compared to Group B (Swiss Ball Exercises) (103.26), with both groups demonstrating a significant decrease in post-test scores (p ≤ 0.001). In conclusion, this study underscores the significance of exercise therapy, particularly Pilates exercises, as a holistic approach to addressing primary dysmenorrhea, improving physical well-being, and enhancing the overall quality of life.

Association Between Premenstrual Tension Syndrome and Menstruation Distress with Physical Activity

This study explores the association between physical and recreational activities, length of menstrual flow and interpersonal bonds with premenstrual tension symptoms and correlation of stress with physical activity levels among women. Analytical study was conducted on 71 Premenstrual Tension Syndrome (PMTS) women with a history of dysmenorrhea and stress presented at least 1-2 weeks premenstrual; reported at least for two consecutive menstrual cycles excluding women with tumors, gynecological and endocrinological disorders. The study was conducted from (May to October 2022) at Basic Health Unit (Vario, Sialkot). A Modified Moos Menstrual Distress questionnaire (MDQ) and a self-designed questionnaire were used to collect the data. Results were analyzed using SPSS software 22 version. Mean age was 24.01±4.062 years (N=53, 74.6%) of participants were unmarried whereas (N=18, 25.44%) were married. Length of menstrual flow days was reported as 3 to 5 days (N= 33, 46.5%). Participants (N=41, 57.7%) had severe PMTS with (N=47, 66.2%) preferring to isolate themselves as interference of the symptoms, (N= 43, 60.6%) had stress eating. Chi-square test was observed for the PMTS symptom of pain with recreational and levels of physical activity (p=0.003 0.05); (p=0.00), Impaired concentration (p=0.001 0.05); (p=0.012) and negative effects (p=0.034 0.05); (p=0.02) whereas no significant association was found for behavior, autonomic reactions and water retention symptoms. Length of menstrual flow (p=0.009) and working activities (p=0.025) were correlated (p-value 0.05 ) with physical activity. However, Spear's man correlation between physical activity level and PMTS-induced stress had a weak correlation (p=0.036). Recreational and active levels of physical activity effectively reduce the severity of premenstrual tension symptoms.

The Relationship between Vaginismus, Dysmenorrhea, Social support, and Tokophobia with Mediating Role of Childbirth Self-Efficacy

Background and Objective: Tokophobia is a manifestation of severe anxiety that causes fear for women. As a result, women tend to avoid having children and pregnancy due to their fear of childbirth, despite their great interest in having children and the beauty of motherhood. The present study aimed to examine the relationship between Vaginismus, Dysmenorrhea, and social support and tokophobia through the mediation of childbirth self-efficacy.
 Materials and Methods: The present study was a cross-sectional descriptive correlational study. The statistical population of the study consisted of all pregnant women referred to Taleghani Hospital. Out of the population, 146 pregnant women were selected as the research sample using the availability sampling technique. Research data were collected using the Tokophobia Questionnaire (2021), Multidimensional Vaginal Penetration Disorder Questionnaire (MVPDQ), Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire, Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and Lowe's Childbirth Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. The collected data were then analyzed using the Smart PLS software and statistical methods of correlation and path analysis.
 Findings: The results showed that there was a significant relationship between, vaginismus with child birth self-efficacy (B=0.341, t=4.145, p0. 05) .
 Conclusion: According to the fitting indices of the model, it can be concluded that the
 tokophobia model has an weak fit on the basis of vaginismus, dysmenorrhea, and social support and mediating role of child birth self-efficacy

Are health promoting lifestyles associated with pain intensity and menstrual distress among Iranian adolescent girls?

ObjectiveThe present study investigated the relationship between a health-promoting lifestyle and menstrual pain intensity and distress among adolescent girls in Qazvin.MethodsA cross-sectional survey study using a two-stage sampling method was conducted. The participants (n = 986) were female high school students aged 14–19 years living in Qazvin. Random cluster sampling was used to recruit participants from schools and classes from each grade. An online survey was provided to all participants to complete. Data were collected using a Demographic and Menstrual Characteristics Checklist, the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) to assess dysmenorrhea intensity, the Andresh Milsom Scale (AMS) to assess dysmenorrhea severity, the Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MMDS) to assess menstrual distress, and the Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile (HPLP) to assess a health promoting lifestyle. Data were analyzed using an univariable linear regression model at a significance level of 0.05.ResultsThe findings indicated that 421 participants (42.7%) experienced dysmenorrhea with a mean duration of 2.24 days (SD = 1.57) and a mean pain intensity of 4.62 on the VAS (SD = 2.87). The mean score on the menstrual distress on the MDDS was 13.55 (SD = 8.88) and the mean score on the HPLP was 2.55 (SD = 0.50). Based on the results of univariable linear regression, nutrition (β=-0.18, p < 0.001) and exercise (β=-0.17, p < 0.001) had the most significant effect on the severity of dysmenorrhea pain. Also, self-actualization (β=-0.29, p < 0.001), stress management (β=-0.25, p < 0.001) and nutrition (β=-0.25, p < 0.001) had the most significant effect on menstrual distress.ConclusionBased on these findings, it is suggested that (i) improving nutrition and exercise might reduce the severity of dysmenorrhea pain and (ii) improving self-actualization, stress management and nutrition might reduce the severity of menstrual distress. Overall, it seems that improving health-promoting lifestyle behaviors can help improve the severity of dysmenorrhea pain and menstrual distress among adolescent girls.

Effect of Yogic intervention on Premenstrual Syndrome among Adolescence

Background: Premenstrual Syndromes (PMS) are major public health issues that have a significant impact on one's mental health. Additional healthcare costs, absenteeism from work, and activity restrictions all add to the economic burden of such a disorder. Yoga as a therapeutic regimen has been shown to be useful to individuals with mental health and premenstrual syndrome. Aim of the study: The present study was conducted to assess the effect of Yogic intervention on Premenstrual syndrome among Adolescence. Methodology: 30 students were selected from the Government Girls Higher secondary school with ages ranging from 14 to 17 years (group average age±SD 38.37±5.52 years). They all filled Modified Moos menstrual Distress questionnaire before and after the yogic intervention. They were randomly divided into Control and Experimental group. The participants in experimental group did Yoga for 45 minutes each day for 10 weeks under supervision of a female yoga therapist whereas those in control group did not do any such specific activity. Results: Data were analyzed using paired sample t-test. There was a statistically significant reduction in the pain, water retention, autonomic reactions, negative effect, impaired concentration, behavior change, arousal, Control in yoga group as compared to control group. Computed t-value for all participants (i.e., 6.31) has been found significant for df = 28, P&lt;0.01. Conclusion: Premenstrual syndrome can be alleviated by the Yogic Intervention. It is therefore possible to administer yogic intervention (asans and breathing exercises) to help alleviate the symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in Adolescence girls.

The menstrual cycle and football: The experiences of female African football players

ABSTRACT The menstrual cycle is a normal biological process in females. However, it is often the reason why females tend to be excluded from football medicine research. Consequently, our understanding of the menstrual cycle and football performance is still limited, especially in female African football players. The study aimed to explore female African football players’ current and historical menstrual cycle status, menstrual symptoms, lived experiences, and perceptions of the menstrual cycle. Participants completed demographic questionnaires and the Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire. The main findings were that 90% of the players did not use contraceptives, likely due to socio-cultural factors at community level. Most of the players had access to their preferred choice of sanitary product; however, 36% used alternatives such as old rags during their periods, likely because they could not always afford their preferred choice. The most commonly reported symptoms during menses were abdominal cramps (53%), headache (41%), mood swings (41%) and irritability (47%). Further, players reported irritability (48%), mood swings (52%), and breast tenderness (48%) in the week before their period. These symptoms can affect training and competition; therefore, team support personnel should be aware of the menstrual cycle’s implications for female African football players and their effect on athletic performance and well-being. Additionally, team support personnel ought to be mindful of female African football players’ socio-economic and religio-cultural contexts and their interaction with biological processes such as the menstrual cycle and contraceptive use.

Pre-menstrual syndrome among the general female population of Saudi Arabia: Are there any Opportunities for Pharmacist’s involvement in patients education?

Background: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) affects up to 20% of reproductive-aged women and contribute to marked impairment of interpersonal or workplace performance in about 3-8%. Thus, a study was conducted to find out the frequency of PMS in Saudi female population using modified Moos menstrual distress questionnaire (MDQ) and assess the severity of emotional, physical, and behavioural symptoms. Method: The pharmacists-led cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was conducted from January to April 2020 among the female population in Asir region, Saudi Arabia. The study questionnaire was first distributed to university students and was requested to pass it on to their family members and others. Results: There was a total of 383 public responded to our study, whereas 60 responses were excluded due to incomplete data. Among the respondents, majority were between the age group of 21¬ to 25 years (n=167; 51.7%), students (n=209; 64.7%), single (n=224; 69.3%). Most of the respondents in all age groups experienced any one of these PMS ranging from moderate to severe intensity. Under every domain of the PMS, most reported severe mood swing as the negative effects by 121 (37.5%); in cognitive symptoms, mild lack of concentration by 117 (36.2%); in fluid retention, breast pain by 101 (31.3%); in behaviour change, mild lack of performance by 111 (34.4%); in somatic symptoms, severe body aches by 132 (40.9%); and in autonomic reactions, mild sweats by 81 (25.1%), respondents. Among the respondents, negative effects, behaviour change, and somatic symptoms were commonly seen with varying intensity which was ranging from 15.5% to 37.5%, 9.9% to 34.4%, and 14.2% to 40.9%, respectively. Conclusion: A considerable high prevalence of PMS was found among the study population. Healthcare professionals especially pharmacists involvement is highly required to conduct health education and awareness programs, and counselling services for female population on symptoms of PMS and prevention through lifestyle modification.

Comparative effect of lower limb and abdominal isometric exercises and yoga poses on primary dysmenorrhea.

The aim of the study was to analyze comparative effect of lower limb and abdominal isometric exercises v/syogasana on primary dysmenorrhea. Materials and Methods: Total 75 females were recruited out of which60 subjects were selected based on inclusion criteria. The samples were divided into two groups: Group A(Isometric exercises) and Group B (Yogasana). The outcome measure used was Moos Menstrual DistressQuestionnaire (MDQ) , Score was taken for both groups pre-intervention and post-intervention at the endof 8th week of their intervention programme. Data was analyzed using Microsoft Excel. The results wereexpressed as proportions after the normalization of the data and p value (&lt;0.05) was considered significant.Results: The significant difference was noticed in intra group comparison in group A and group B in MDQscore (p&lt;0.05). And difference in Group B was greater than Group A in inter group comparison (p&lt;0.05).Conclusion: Study concluded that both lower limb and abdominal isometric exercises and asanas help inreducing distress related to primary dysmenorrhea. However, Yoga intervention is more effective in treatmentof primary dysmenorrhea than lower limb and abdominal isometric exercises.

Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Menstrual difficulties among Adolescent Girls

Adolescence is a phase of changeover from childhood to adulthood. For a girl, adolescence is a blend of physical and psychological preparation to enrol into a safe motherhood1. Menstruation is a basic female physiological process, capable of affecting the several other metabolisms within the body2. This study was conducted to Assess the Effect of Aerobic Exercises on Menstrual Difficulties among Adolescent Girls in a Selected School at Puducherry. Pre experimental one group pretest post-test design was used in this study. 60 adolescent girls who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected by Purposive sampling technique. On day one clinical variables and level of menstrual distress was assessed using Modified Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire with previous month experience. Aerobic Exercise session was started from 5th day of the cycle up to 22nd day weekly 3 days for 30minutes in a common room. Post test conducted using Modified Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire on the 5th day of the cycle the following month to assess the effectiveness of Aerobic Exercises. The study findings revealed that, the median difference in Menstrual Distress level between pretest and posttest with Aerobic Exercises intervention was observed to be highly statistically significant (p value&lt;.0.001) Findings of the study revealed that there was highly statistically significant difference in the level of Menstrual Distress before and after Aerobic Exercises. Hence the study concluded that Aerobic Exercises being one of non pharmacological method was very effective in decreasing the level of Menstrual Distress among adolescent girls.

Correlation of menstrual distress to severity of gastrointestinal symptoms in inflammatory bowel disease patients.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), namely, Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are idiopathic chronic, relapsing, inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal(GI) tract. Triggers for disease flares include medications, infection, acute stress, and the menstrual cycle. Varying ovarian hormone levels i.e. prostaglandins and progesterone may exaggerate GI symptoms in IBD. We aimed to determine the relationship between quality of life, endoscopic and clinical disease activity and the menstrual cycle among females with IBD through a questionnaire based cross-sectional study. The first 75 women of child-bearing age seen at IBD clinic completed a questionnaire incorporating the short IBD questionnaire (SIBDQ). Menstrual symptoms were evaluated using the validated Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ) to measure cyclical peri-menstrual symptoms. Endoscopic disease severity was assessed using the Rutgeert's score (post ileo-cecal resection patients) or Simple Endoscopic Score for CD and the Mayo score for UC. There was a statistically negative correlation between MDQ and SIBDQ scores (p<0.001); i.e. patients with lower menstrual distress scores had betterquality of life. We found no correlation between the SIBDQ, MDQ and endoscopic scores (p = 0.094, 0.626 respectively). Previous studies suggest that the severity of menstrual symptoms correlate with a poorer quality of life among women with IBD. However, this may not be reflective of the endoscopic disease severity. Larger studies are necessary to evaluate adjusting medication closer to menstrual period and adding supportive therapy peri-menstrually in anticipation of symptoms.

The effect of psychoeducational intervention, based on a self-regulation model on menstrual distress in adolescents: a protocol of a randomized controlled trial

IntroductionMenstrual distress caused by primary dysmenorrhea is associated with physical and psychological symptoms—before, after, and during menstruation. Leventhal’s self-regulation educational model is based on the cognitive and emotional experiences of threat responses to symptoms and relates to coping responses. This study aims to investigate the effect of the implementation of a psychoeducational intervention, based on the self-regulation model of menstrual distress in adolescents.Methods/designIn this randomized controlled trial, 120 adolescent girls with moderate to severe menstrual pain (based on visual analog scale (VAS) ≥ 4) from twelve randomly selected high schools in Qazvin City will be enrolled in the study and will be randomly assigned to either a 3-session psychoeducational intervention (n = 60) or control (n = 60) groups. The sessions will be between 60 and 90 min apiece, and they will run for three consecutive weeks (one session per week). The data collection tools will include questionnaire eliciting menstrual information and demographics, the VAS, the Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire, and the illness perception questionnaire. One month prior to the intervention, both groups will participate in an initial assessment to assess the severity of their pain and level of menstrual distress. Finally, all questionnaires will be completed for three consecutive months after the intervention is completed.DiscussionIt is anticipated that findings of this study will provide evidence for the effectiveness of the Leventhal self-regulation model. Implications for improved practice, understanding, and treatment for menstrual distress may also arise.Ethical considerationsThe research protocol will be reviewed by the ethics committee, which is affiliated with the Qazvin University of Medical Sciences (Decree code: IR.QUMS.REC.1398.043).Trial registrationIRCT20190625044002N1. Registration date: 2019-09-03.

A Study to Determine the Prevalence of Premenstrual Syndrome in Young Females

Introduction: Premenstrual syndrome can be broadly classified as any constellation of psychological andphysical symptoms that recur regularly in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle; remit for at least 1 weekin the follicular phase and cause distress and functional impairment. In order to be clinically significant,the symptoms should be of at least moderate intensity and cause functional impairment. Women withpremenstrual dysphoric disorder report impaired social adjustment and reduced perceived quality of life,which are at their worst during the luteal phase. Premenstrual syndrome differs from depression and physicalsymptoms such as bloating, mastalgia and headache. The most common reported psychological symptom isirritability rather than depressed mood.Materials and Method: A cross sectional study has been conducted in Bhaskar medical college from June2018 to July 2018 sponsored by ICMR,on 150 subjects .Data of 100 was collected on a 29 itemed shortenedpremenstrual assessment form based on Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire. The study protocol and theQuestionnaire were presented to the Institutional Ethics Committee (IEC).Results: The results obtained are Based on symptomatology, (i) Percentage of symptoms of PMS less than50% and Above 50% criteria was considered for statistical analysis.Discussion: Many women have premenstrual cyclic symptoms of psychological or physical nature andsometimes these limit their functional capacity,While PMS is linked to the luteal phase, the cause of PMSis not clear, but several factors may be involved. Changes in hormones during the menstrual cycle seem tobe an important factor.Conclusion: As PMS is becoming problem in young girls hampering their life involving physical andpsychic symptoms.

Secondary Data Analysis on the Factors Influencing Premenstrual Symptoms of Shift Work Nurses: Focused on the Sleep and Occupational Stress

This study aimed to examine premenstrual symptoms (PMS) of shift nurses and identify the association between PMS, sleep, and occupational stress. This study was conducted with a secondary data analysis that used data from the Shift Work Nurse's Health and Turnover study. The participants were 258 nurses who were working in shifts including night shifts. PMS, sleep patterns (sleep time and sleep time variability), sleep quality, and the occupational stress of each participant were measured using the Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire, a sleep diary, an actigraph, the Insomnia Severity Index, and the Korean Occupational Stress Scale, respectively. Data were analyzed using SPSS 23 and STATA 15.1 to obtain descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficients, multiple linear regression with generalized estimating equations (GEE) and Baron and Kenny's mediating analysis. The average PMS score, average sleep time, average sleep time variability, average sleep quality score, and average occupational stress score of the participants was 53.95 ± 40.45, 7.52 ± 0.89 hours, 32.84 ± 8.43%, 12.34 ± 5.95, and 49.89 ± 8.98, respectively. A multiple linear regression analysis with GEE indicated that sleep time variability (B = 0.86, p = .001), and sleep quality (B = 2.36, p < .001) had negative effects on nurses' PMS. We also found that sleep quality had a complete mediating effect in the relationship between occupational stress and PMS. These findings indicate that both sleep time variability and sleep quality are important factors associated with PMS among shift work nurses. To improve shift nurses' PMS status, strategies are urgently needed to decrease sleep time variability and increase sleep quality.

Exercise for dysmenorrhoea.

Exercise has a number of health benefits and has been recommended as a treatment for primary dysmenorrhoea (period pain), but the evidence for its effectiveness on primary dysmenorrhoea is unclear. This review examined the available evidence supporting the use of exercise to treat primary dysmenorrhoea. To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of exercise for women with primary dysmenorrhoea. We searched the Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility specialised register, CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, AMED and CINAHL (from inception to July 2019). We searched two clinical trial databases (inception to March 2019) and handsearched reference lists and previous systematic reviews. We included studies if they randomised women with moderate-to-severe primary dysmenorrhoea to receive exercise versus no treatment, attention control, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or the oral contraceptive pill. Cross-over studies and cluster-randomised trials were not eligible for inclusion. Two review authors independently selected the studies, assessed eligible studies for risk of bias, and extracted data from each study. We contacted study authors for missing information. We assessed the quality of the evidence using GRADE. Our primary outcomes were menstrual pain intensity and adverse events. Secondary outcomes included overall menstrual symptoms, usage of rescue analgesic medication, restriction of daily life activities, absence from work or school and quality of life. We included a total of 12 trials with 854 women in the review, with 10 trials and 754 women in the meta-analysis. Nine of the 10 studies compared exercise with no treatment, and one study compared exercise with NSAIDs. No studies compared exercise with attention control or with the oral contraceptive pill. Studies used low-intensity exercise (stretching, core strengthening or yoga) or high-intensity exercise (Zumba or aerobic training); none of the included studies used resistance training.Exercise versus no treatmentExercise may have a large effect on reducing menstrual pain intensity compared to no exercise (standard mean difference (SMD) -1.86, 95% confidence interval (CI) -2.06 to -1.66; 9 randomised controlled trials (RCTs), n = 632; I2= 91%; low-quality evidence). This SMD corresponds to a 25 mm reduction on a 100 mm visual analogue scale (VAS) and is likely to be clinically significant. We are uncertain if there is any difference in adverse event rates between exercise and no treatment.We are uncertain if exercise reduces overall menstrual symptoms (as measured by the Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MMDQ)), such as back pain or fatigue compared to no treatment (mean difference (MD) -33.16, 95% CI -40.45 to -25.87; 1 RCT, n = 120; very low-quality evidence), or improves mental quality of life (MD 4.40, 95% CI 1.59 to 7.21; 1 RCT, n = 55; very low-quality evidence) or physical quality of life (as measured by the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12)) compared to no exercise (MD 3.40, 95% CI -1.68 to 8.48; 1 RCT, n = 55; very low-quality evidence) when compared to no treatment. No studies reported on any changes in restriction of daily life activities or on absence from work or school.Exercise versus NSAIDsWe are uncertain if exercise, when compared with mefenamic acid, reduced menstrual pain intensity (MD -7.40, 95% CI -8.36 to -6.44; 1 RCT, n = 122; very low-quality evidence), use of rescue analgesic medication (risk ratio (RR) 1.77, 95% CI 1.21 to 2.60; 1 RCT, n = 122; very low-quality evidence) or absence from work or school (RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.49 to 2.03; 1 RCT, n = 122; very low-quality evidence). None of the included studies reported on adverse events, overall menstrual symptoms, restriction of daily life activities or quality of life. The current low-quality evidence suggests that exercise, performed for about 45 to 60 minutes each time, three times per week or more, regardless of intensity, may provide a clinically significant reduction in menstrual pain intensity of around 25 mm on a 100 mm VAS. All studies used exercise regularly throughout the month, with some studies asking women not to exercise during menstruation. Given the overall health benefits of exercise, and the relatively low risk of side effects reported in the general population, women may consider using exercise, either alone or in conjunction with other modalities, such as NSAIDs, to manage menstrual pain. It is unclear if the benefits of exercise persist after regular exercise has stopped or if they are similar in women over the age of 25. Further research is required, using validated outcome measures, adequate blinding and suitable comparator groups reflecting current best practice or accounting for the extra attention given during exercise.

P080 DYSMENORRHEA IN WOMEN WITH ULCERATIVE COLITIS

Dysmenorrhea and ulcerative colitis (UC) are conditions that commonly affect women of reproductive age. Despite their similar symptoms, the relationship between the two is poorly understood. The aims of this study were to explore the relationships between dysmenorrhea, UC disease activity, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) as well as determine the impact of dysmenorrhea on pain severity and pain medication use in women with UC. This was a case-control study comparing menstruating women with UC (cases) to healthy, age-matched controls. All subjects completed a series of questionnaires to assess the prevalence of dysmenorrhea, menstrual cycle characteristics, and the experience of menstrual distress as measured by the Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ). In addition, menstrual pain severity, pain medication use, UC disease activity, and HRQoL were analyzed and compared among cases and controls with dysmenorrhea and between cases with and without dysmenorrhea. Logistic regression models were performed to assess relationships Fifty women with UC and 65 healthy controls were studied, and the prevalence of dysmenorrhea was somewhat higher in women with UC compared to controls (62%, 46% respectively, p=0.091). We found no difference in MDQ scores during the premenstrual or menstrual phases between cases and controls with dysmenorrhea. However, cases with dysmenorrhea had lower menstrual distress scores during the intermenstrual phase compared to controls with dysmenorrhea (p=0.042). Cases with dysmenorrhea had lower HRQoL compared to controls with dysmenorrhea according to some measures. No differences were found in HRQoL or UC disease activity scores between cases with and without dysmenorrhea. No significant difference was found between menstrual pain scores in cases and controls with dysmenorrhea; however, pain medication use significantly differed with controls reporting higher levels of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use (p<0.0001). Cases with dysmenorrhea reported higher pain scores compared to cases without (p<0.0001). Dysmenorrhea is common among women with and without UC resulting in higher pain scores in comparison to individuals without dysmenorrhea. When comparing cases and controls with dysmenorrhea, no difference in menstrual distress was found during the premenstrual and menstrual phases of the menstrual cycle suggesting that women with dysmenorrhea experience menstrual distress similarly regardless of UC status. Despite women with UC and dysmenorrhea having similar pain scores to their healthy counterparts with dysmenorrhea, pain medication use was lower among cases. This suggests that women with UC may be undertreating their menstrual pain by avoiding use of NSAIDs due to the conventional advice to avoid these agents in the setting of IBD.

P080 DYSMENORRHEA IN WOMEN WITH ULCERATIVE COLITIS

Dysmenorrhea and ulcerative colitis (UC) are conditions that commonly affect women of reproductive age. Despite their similar symptoms, the relationship between the two is poorly understood. The aims of this study were to explore the relationships between dysmenorrhea, UC disease activity, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) as well as determine the impact of dysmenorrhea on pain severity and pain medication use in women with UC. This was a case-control study comparing menstruating women with UC (cases) to healthy, age-matched controls. All subjects completed a series of questionnaires to assess the prevalence of dysmenorrhea, menstrual cycle characteristics, and the experience of menstrual distress as measured by the Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ). In addition, menstrual pain severity, pain medication use, UC disease activity, and HRQoL were analyzed and compared among cases and controls with dysmenorrhea and between cases with and without dysmenorrhea. Logistic regression models were performed to assess relationships. Fifty women with UC and 65 healthy controls were studied, and the prevalence of dysmenorrhea was somewhat higher in women with UC compared to controls (62%, 46% respectively, p=0.091). We found no difference in MDQ scores during the premenstrual or menstrual phases between cases and controls with dysmenorrhea. However, cases with dysmenorrhea had lower menstrual distress scores during the intermenstrual phase compared to controls with dysmenorrhea (p=0.042). Cases with dysmenorrhea had lower HRQoL compared to controls with dysmenorrhea according to some measures. No differences were found in HRQoL or UC disease activity scores between cases with and without dysmenorrhea. No significant difference was found between menstrual pain scores in cases and controls with dysmenorrhea; however, pain medication use significantly differed with controls reporting higher levels of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) use (p<0.0001). Cases with dysmenorrhea reported higher pain scores compared to cases without (p<0.0001). Dysmenorrhea is common among women with and without UC resulting in higher pain scores in comparison to individuals without dysmenorrhea. When comparing cases and controls with dysmenorrhea, no difference in menstrual distress was found during the premenstrual and menstrual phases of the menstrual cycle suggesting that women with dysmenorrhea experience menstrual distress similarly regardless of UC status. Despite women with UC and dysmenorrhea having similar pain scores to their healthy counterparts with dysmenorrhea, pain medication use was lower among cases. This suggests that women with UC may be undertreating their menstrual pain by avoiding use of NSAIDs due to the conventional advice to avoid these agents in the setting of IBD.

The Correlation Between Some Body Composition Indices and Premenstrual Syndrome in Young Females

Background : Different body composition indices may indicate various physiological statuses. Objectives : The current study aimed at investigating the correlation between body composition indices (body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage (BFP), and abdominal fat) as well as physical and psychological symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Methods : The current cross sectional study was conducted on 60 voluntary female students of Shiraz University (age: 18 - 25 years) in December 2016. Inclusion criteria were regular menstrual cycles, being single, no pregnancy, and no history of thyroid disease, polycystic ovaries, cancer, diabetes, and diagnosed psychiatric complications. Subjects completed Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire. Weight and height of subjects were recorded to calculate BMI, BFP and abdominal fat were calculated using the body composition analyzer. The Pearson correlation coefficient and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results : The results of the current study revealed significant and positive correlation between BMI and physical symptoms of PMS (P = 0.045), BMI and psychological symptoms (P = 0.024), BFP and physical symptoms (P = 0.019), BFP and psychological symptoms (P = 0.023), abdominal fat and physical symptoms (P = 0.017), and abdominal fat and psychological symptoms of PMS (P = 0.049). Conclusions : The higher level of body composition indices were related to higher PMS symptoms and abdominal fat was the most important predictor for PMS symptoms.

Comparison of the Effects of Acupressure and Electroacupuncture in Primary Dysmenorrhea: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objectives: Dysmenorrhea or painful menstruation is a frequently observed fertility and femininity abnormality in women of childbearing age. Dysmenorrhea is treated by medical, complementary or surgical treatments. The aim of the present randomized clinical trial (RCT) study was to compare the effectiveness of electroacupuncture and acupressure treatment methods in reducing symptoms of primary dysmenorrhea. Materials and Methods: In this double-blinded RCT, 64 female students who met the criteria were assigned into 2 groups (Intervention group: electroacupuncture and Control group: acupressure) using random allocation software (RAS). Pain according to visual analogue scale (VAS), menstrual distress severity according to Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MMDQ) and the frequency of drug use during menstruation were measured 3 times before and after treatment cycle and follow up cycle. Electroacupuncture and acupressure were done by applying electrical stimulation (ES) to needles or pressure at SP6 and SP4 points for 10 minutes on each side. Results: The MMDQ (P=0.000) and VAS (P=0.000) showed a significant decrease in both groups but the rate of decline was higher in the electroacupuncture group. Conclusions: According to the results, it was revealed that treatment with electroacupuncture can also be suggested as a treatment in complementary medicine for treatment of primary dysmenorrhea which has no reported side effects.

Efficacy of Yoga Asana and Gym Ball Exercises in the management of primary dysmenorrhea: A single-blind, two group, pretest-posttest, randomized controlled trial

Background: Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is characterized by cramping lower abdomen pain that may radiate to the lower back and upper thigh and commonly associated with stress, headache, and diarrhea, and thereby decreases the quality of life. It occupies 20%–90% of the female population in reproductive age. Many conservative treatment methods such as yoga asana, physiotherapy through gym ball/therapy ball/Swiss ball exercises, etc., are available to treat them. More efficient among them is not known. Purpose: The aim is to compare the efficacy of yoga asana and gym ball/therapy ball/Swiss ball exercises in the management of female with PD. Methodology: A total of 30 female with PD were recruited by the simple random sampling to participate in this two group pretest-posttest, single-blinded randomized clinical study. Recruited female with PD were randomly allocated into two groups, Group A and Group B. Group A were provided with yoga asana for 60 s duration × 5 repetition/session/day × 3 days/week × 12 weeks. While Group B received set of gym ball exercises for 10 s hold ×12 times/set × 3 sets/day × 3 days/week × 12 weeks. Level of menstrual distress (MOOS Menstrual Distress Questionnaire [MDQ]) and pain scores (visual analog score ([VAS]) were documented at baseline and 12th week after intervention and analyzed. Results: Group B demonstrated significance difference (P