Moon Jae-in Administration Research Articles

윤석열 정부의 10대 교육개혁 정책의 변동 유형과 특성 분석 - 문재인 정부 정책의 단절과 계승의 관점을 중심으로 -

This paper analyzes which policies are being inherited and which are being discontinued in comparison to the major policies of the Moon Jae-in administration, focusing on the 10 reforms of the Yun Suk-yul government. Official documents released by the Ministry of Education and central ministries were utilized to examine the contents. This study analyzed major policies by applying an analytical framework that categorized them into policy inheritance (maintenance and expansion), policy disconnection (reduction and abandonment), and path creation (inheritance and disconnection). The analysis revealed that the Yun-Seok-yeol government sought to deny and differentiate itself from the Moon Jae-in government’s policies. At the same time, the Yun-Seok-yeol government is trying to inherit the policies of its predecessor. We analyzed 19 major policies, and found that 11 were inherited and 8 were discontinued. Some policies can be evaluated differently depending on your perspective. Based on this, here are seven characteristics that the Yoon administration has shown in the process of implementing major policies.

문재인 정부의 반부패·청렴정책 이행평가에 관한 연구

The purpose of this study is to identify the tasks that need to be implemented to advance a clean society by deriving the achievements and limitations of the anti-corruption and integrity policies through the evaluation of policy implementation centered on anti-corruption and integrity-related matters among the Moon Jae-in government's presidential election promises. The policy evaluation targets are 44 anti-corruption and integrity-related tasks (26 eliminating deep-rooted evils, 7 reforming power institutions, 3 reforming political and electoral systems, and 8 economic democratization) among the 19th presidential election pledges of the Democratic Party of Korea. Whether the presidential election promises are linked to actual national policy tasks was examined through matching with the Moon Jae-in government's five-year plan for national affairs. In addition, the verification of the fulfillment of the pledge was made using the information system of the National Assembly, the data of the National Legal Information Center of the Ministry of Legislation, and the press releases and media materials of the relevant ministries. As a result of the analysis, it was found that about 7 out of 10 presidential election pledges related to anti-corruption and integrity were reflected in national tasks, and about 5 to 6 were actually implemented. By field, “pledges related to the eradication of deep-rooted evils and economic democratization” were largely reflected in national affairs tasks and many tasks were implemented, but “pledges related to political election reform and reform of power institutions” were evaluated as relatively less so. The main achievements of the Moon Jae-in administration’s anti-corruption and integrity policy are “establishment of a system of checks and control over institutions of power,” “attempts to restore public-private governance,” “wide-of-government measures that break away from partition administration,” and “Improvement of integrity in the public service community.” Major limitations include “over-immersion in reducing the power of the prosecution, including the complete deprivation of the prosecution’s right to investigate, resulting in a backlog of priorities for other anti-corruption and integrity reform tasks,” “problems with the political independence of power institutions such as the prosecution and the Board of Audit and Inspection,” “failure to reorganize independent anti-corruption organizations,”“non-compliance with the principle of zero tolerance for corruption,” “insufficient personnel control system for social leaders,” “failure to strengthen management of public interest corporations,” “insufficient legal and institutional infrastructure to ensure sustainability of public-private governance,” and “practice of enacting allopathic legislation according to specific issues with large social impact.” In particular, given that the issues presented as limitations are immediate tasks that must be resolved in order for our society to move towards a society of integrity, either the conservative or progressive governments should focus more on the relevant issues and exercise their policy capabilities.

What Made South Korea–Japan Security Cooperation Retreat During the Moon Jae-in Administration?

This article elucidates the reasons behind South Korea’s diminished security cooperation with Japan during the Moon Jae-in administration (2017–2022). The author discovered that President Moon halted ongoing security cooperation activities initiated by his predecessor, even though the North Korean nuclear threat became exponential. In particular, this article argues that not the national-level factors, such as South Koreans’ negative perception of Japan on the basis of their collective memory, but the leader factor was the main reason for the worsening of South Korea–Japan’s security cooperation during the Moon administration, contrary to most people’s expectations. The Moon administration’s progressive political leaders, who had acquired anti-United States/anti-Japan and pro-North Korea/pro-China perspectives during their anti-government protests in the 1970s and 1980s, decided to be confrontational towards Japan to their political benefit. The reality that the security cooperation between South Korea and Japan jumpstarted once the conservative Yoon Suk-yeol administration leaders replaced them supports this finding.

도시재생사업의 성과측정에 관한 연구

The urban regeneration project started under the Park Geun-hye administration and was promoted more heavily as a New Deal project under the Moon Jae-in administration. However, as the urban regeneration project progressed, problems arose that residents could not feel due to poor implementation performance and low execution ability. Accordingly, in this study, in order to establish and achieve the goals of the urban regeneration revitalization plan, a management system and performance indicators for monitoring, evaluation, and feedback are presented to systematically and comprehensively manage everything from plan establishment to performance and effect derivation, and a resident satisfaction survey to measure performance. We conducted an investigation. In order to accurately measure performance, the ‘Comprehensive Performance Index’ presented by the central government was used as a common indicator, and the ‘Local Government Performance Index’ was comprehensively analyzed and used as an auxiliary indicator. In this study, research was conducted targeting the ‘Jeonju Station Area Urban Regeneration Area’, which is currently under construction, to select indicators for performance measurement, and practical data was presented in relation to the research method.

민주주의 후퇴 인식의 이념적 편향성

Analyzing a public survey dataset, this study examines how ordinary citizens perceive democratic backsliding and to what extend their evaluations are ideologically biased in Korea. It shows that most respondents believe that Korean democracy is in retreat and that it has become the worst since the Yoon’s administration. In addition, they attribute its responsibility to undemocratic behavior of various political actors, including the president and his presidential office, the prosecutors’ office, political parties, the media, the ultra-right civil organizations, and severe income gap, rather than the majoritarian electoral system and political culture. It is also notable that public perception of democratic backsliding depends on their ideological orientations, which are notable toward the most recent administrations. Empirical test results show that the more conservative they are, the stronger their belief that democracy has retreated the most during the Moon Jae-In administration rather than other administrations. Based on these findings, this study claims that more efforts are needed to evaluate the current issues of democracy without ideological bias, along with sincere awareness of the overwhelming public concern that Korean democracy is retreating, and rehabilitate democracy.

Citizensourcing policy advisory systems in a turbulent era

Abstract Extending previous works on major changes in policy advisory systems (PASs), such as externalization (locus) and politicization (government control), this study examines whether and how democratization (citizensourcing) of PASs works based on the case of the Kwanghwamun Citizensourcing Policy Platform, which operated for 4 years under the Moon Jae-in administration in South Korea. Analyzing more than 11,000 policy suggestions proposed by ordinary citizens on the digital policy platform, this study investigates how citizensourced policy ideas are discussed, incubated, and finally adopted through interactions among ordinary citizens, policy experts, and government agencies. Based on the belief that the operation of PASs becomes increasingly complicated and often dysfunctional as societies face more “wicked”, cross-cutting, and volatile policy problems than ever, this study argues that citizensourcing policymaking is critical to ensuring policy legitimacy and receptivity. This study suggests that both the quality and features of citizensourced policy ideas are important for advancing policymaking processes. This study also finds that political cycle and active citizen policy entrepreneurs are also critical factors, while it shows noteworthy limits on the quality and features of citizensourced policy ideas, which, in fact, lead to a frustratingly low policy adoption rate. This study suggests that governments need to actively capitalize on the power of ordinary citizens as citizen experts, while the shortcomings and risks of citizensourcing PASs also need to be carefully addressed.

금융의 사회적 가치 실현을 위한 금융기본권 개념 연구

The social value of finance is that, as finance exists and develops, the imperfect real economy becomes less incomplete, resources are allocated more efficiently at lower costs, and the realm of the market economy expands, contributing to economic growth. Recently, finance is pioneering new services based on artificial intelligence and data and launching various financial products. It is also true that there are concerns about whether or not the ordinary people will be alienated from the essential social functions of finance, such as financing and lending, in this process. If finance is used as an easy real estate policy tool by regulators without a legal basis, as shown in the example of the mortgage loan system, and if finance becomes a 'playground tilted' in the process of income and asset formation where the unfair game operates, it will distort the distribution function of the economy and act as a cause of exacerbating social inequality. Fundamental right to finance is a constitutional norm and standard that enhances the social value and function of finance by these regulatory authorities, and can be a kind of social agreement that determines the content and direction of regulation within the constitutional values ​​of the financial system. This study aims to establish the social value of finance and the legal concept of 'fundamental right to finance' based on the analysis of the institutional status and regulatory system of LTV, DTI, and DSR for mortgage loans implemented after the Moon Jae-in administration. Although finance provides a basic foundation for individual wealth formation in modern society, the reality is that it is not easy for ordinary people to fully enjoy the services provided by finance. From the point of view of economic democratization, discussions on financial democratization have been raised, and based on this, fundamental right to finance is mentioned in an abstract way, but it is also a reality that concrete research on this is insufficient. This study is expected to contribute to the discussion of fundamental right to finance based on the social value of finance in the future.

한국 정부의 대북정책 및 통일방안 변화 분석에 관한 연구

This study analyzed how the ROK government's North Korea policy and unification plan have changed. The ROK government's North Korea policy and unification plan have undergone significant changes over the past several decades. Looking at the changes from the Park Chung-hee administration to the Moon Jae-in administration is important in developing future North Korea policy and unification plans. From 1961, during the Park Chung-hee administration, to 2022, when the Moon Jae-in administration ended, the ROK's North Korea policy and unification plan were examined. The reason for the analysis from 1961 is that this period was the period when North Korea was approached from a policy point of view after the Korean War. North Korea continues to threaten South Korea militarily after the Korean War and is increasing the threat by developing nuclear weapons and upgrading ballistic missiles. North Korea talks about reconciliation and peace on the outside, but in reality, it continues to seriously threaten the ROK's security. Nonetheless, North Korea is a target that the ROK must embrace and unify in the future. Therefore, the ROK needs to promote policies and measures that can cooperate with North Korea while being wary of it.

Upaya Diplomasi Publik Korea Selatan Dalam Menyebarkan Hallyu Di Amerika Serikat Pada Pemerintahan Moon Jae In

Relations between the United States and South Korea during the Moon Jae In Administration experienced ups and downs that impacted South Korea's security problems. In addition, the United States's public sentiment towards South Korea still shows a high number compared to other countries. However, the spread of hallyu turned out to be successful with the decline in United States public sentiment towards South Korea and hallyu from 35.6% in 2017 to 16.5% in 2020. This study aims to analyze South Korea public diplomacy efforts in spreading hallyu to the United States in order to improve their relations and the image of South Korea as an attractive country as stated in Public Diplomacy Act 2017-2021. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive analytical approach and utilizes data from secondary sources. This study uses Fitzpatrick's concept of public diplomacy which divides public diplomacy activities into six indicators. Based on Fitzpatrick's concept of public diplomacy, this study finds that there are five activities, advocacy of South Korean policies and culture through digital, communication of the South Korean government elite, building long-term relationships with various actors, promoting arts and culture by holding hallyu festivals, movie nights, and exhibitions, as well as providing political assistance to the United States. Interestingly, this research found that the South Korean government often included hallyu stars in most of its activities which accelerating the spread of hallyu in the United States.

Внешнеполитическая стратегия администрации Юн Сок Ёля и американо-южнокорейский альянс

The article studies new foreign policy of South Korea after the administration change in Seoul in May 2022. Over the last period, the external environment for the country has become more complex. That was due to the growth of rivalry between the USA and China, COVID‑19 pandemic implications as well as the Ukrainian crisis, which resulted in increased global and regional instability and disruption of previously established supply chains. Along with that, the confrontation on the Korean Peninsula has become deeper and more protracted with no way forward to break that impasse. All previous attempts to engage North Korea into the dialogue, made by the Moon Jae-in administration, have failed. Those factors affected the priorities chosen by the new administration in foreign affairs. The author concentrates on the concept of the “global pivotal state” announced by the Yoon Suk-yeol’s government. With the criticism of the previous government’s approach that was narrowly focused on Inter-Korean agendas, the new foreign policy team is going to pursue the brand of a “value diplomacy”, emphasizing South Korea’s role in promoting “liberal democracy” and “rules-based regional order”. As for North Korea, Yoon Suk-yeol has shifted his strategy to a hard-line approach which implied strengthening deterrence and raising credibility of the U.S. assurances to provide a nuclear umbrella to defend its ally. The article highlights Seoul’s new policy aimed at rebuilding and strengthening the “comprehensive global alliance” between the ROK and the USA that presupposes cooperation on a wide range of international and regional agendas beyond the Korean Peninsula. The paper explores some emerging political dimensions of South Korea in the Indo-Pacific region. It is shown that Seoul wishes to be an active participant of the U.S. – led minilateral arrangements to ensure its expanded economic and security interests in the region.

South Korea Releases Indo-Pacific Strategy: Analysis of Shifting Attitudes and Motivations

Since Trump’s “Indo-Pacific Strategy” was formally unveiled in 2017, the South Korean government’s perspective has undergone a dramatic shift. From being “very cautious” in the early years of the Moon Jae-in administration to “gradually approaching” in the latter years, to the Korean Indo-Pacific Strategy’s release immediately following Yoon Seok-yeol’s assumption of office to benchmark with the United States, which has raised concerns on all sides, this essay explores the domestic and external factors that have affected South Korea’s perception of the Indo-Pacific Strategy. On the domestic front, the primary drivers are rooted in economic interests and diplomatic considerations, with political party competition exerting a significant influence. On the international level, the continuous change in the situation in Northeast Asia and the pressure from the US have also compelled South Korea to seek more influence through the Indo-Pacific policy.

2007 개정 교육과정 이후 한국의 영어교육 변화: 동아일보 기사를 중심으로

This study investigated the transition of English education after the 2007 revised curriculum in South Korea. This research focused on Dong-A Ilbo newspaper articles across three major political regimes: Presidents Lee Myung-bak, Park Geun-hye, and Moon Jae-in from March 2007 to June 2022. The research questions are 1) what are the prominent themes in English education in the three political regimes? and 2) what are the implications of these changes to the current English education in South Korea? A total of 522 newspaper articles were categorized into five major themes: 1) Experience of English education, 2) English education policy and its perception, 3) English instructors in and out of school, 4) English education curricula, and 5) English for the entrance exams in South Korea. Regarding political regimes, Lee Myung-bak administration emphasized English education by introducing English village, Jeju Global Education City, and the National English Ability Test (NEAT). Park Geun-hye administration applied criterion-referenced English test in the College Scholastic Ability Test (CSAT). Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, significant changes in English education during Moon Jae-in administration are not identified except for AI-appled online distance learning. This paper concludes with educational implications for future research.

Middle power and power asymmetry: how South Korea’s free trade agreement strategy with ASEAN changed under the New Southern Policy

ABSTRACT The political economy literature extensively discusses how great powers use asymmetric power relations as a tool in trade negotiations, yet discussion regarding how asymmetric power relations can account for the variety of power asymmetry dynamics in international relations, especially in the cases of middle power countries such as South Korea, is scarce. This paper examines how South Korea’s free trade agreement (FTA) strategies with the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) were enabled under the Moon Jae-in administration’s New Southern Policy (NSP) by analyzing the sources of South Korea’s power asymmetry with ASEAN. Understanding power asymmetry as an evolving process, this paper takes the constructivist approach to middle power to demonstrate how South Korea’s development of a middle power identity shaped the country’s negotiation leverage in trade negotiations. This enabled South Korea to secure in-depth FTAs with ASEAN at the bilateral level under the NSP, despite ASEAN members’ initial reluctance.

다중흐름모형을 이용한 국가균형발전의 정책변동 분석

This study attempted to explore the factors affecting the change in the national balanced development policy based on Kingdon's MSF model and suggest a plan for effective balanced development policy in the future. Methodologically, big data analysis was used along with literature analysis. The analysis results show that the factors affecting the change in the national balanced development policy were influenced by policy problems and policy alternatives at the time, but the most affected was the flow of politics. It should be noted that during the MB Administration and Moon Jae-in Administration, the policy window opened in accordance with the big political trend of "regime change," and the name, degree of implementation, and content of the national balanced development policy changed accordingly. It also supports that the policy output would be influenced by the president's national philosophy following the launch of the new government.

Moon Jae-in Administration's Two-Track Diplomacy and Korea-Japan Relations : Supreme Court's Decision on Forced Labor as a Game Changer

Moon Jae-in Administration's Two-Track Diplomacy and Korea-Japan Relations : Supreme Court's Decision on Forced Labor as a Game Changer

분양권 전매제도가 아파트 매매가격에 미치는 영향 및 정책효과에 대한 연구

(1) RESEARCH OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the Moon Jae-in administration's regulation on the resale on apartment sales prices, and to understand the effect and policy effect of the reinforcement of the resale regulation on the sale price of apartments in Seoul and the metropolitan area since November 2016. (2) RESEARCH METHOD This study employed the fixed effect model, random effect model, and difference-in differences model to achieve the major objectives of this study. (3) RESEARCH FINDINGS The implications of this study are as follows. First, it was possible to grasp the impact of apartment sale prices in the short term as well as the policy effects in the long term due to the strengthening of regulations on the resale of the Moon Jae-in government after November 3, 2016. For this reason, it was judged that the strengthening of regulations on the resale after 2016 had short-term effects, but no long-term effects. Second, this study was possible because panel data that combined cross-sectional data and time series data was constructed, so that the restrictions on resale of presale rights could be identified regionally or temporally. 2. RESULTS As a result of this study, it was found that resale regulation had a negative (-) effect on apartment sales prices in the short term, but in the long term, it is understood that it increases apartment sales prices, so there is no policy effect.

Research on Korean Foreign Policy since Park Geun-hye Administration from the Perspective of Neoclassical Realism

The pervasiveness of Sino-US relations is profoundly reflected in many regions all over the world. As a wrestling field for various forces, Korean Peninsula has a self-evident strategic value to China and the United States, especially in the terms of military security and geostrategy. Due to the sophisticated environment in Northeast Asia, it is necessary to make an in-depth analysis of South Korea's diplomatic decision-making mechanism based on studying the Sino-US competition system. With the help of neoclassical realism theory, we can pay more attention to the role of domestic factors in state actors. The different attitudes and decisions of Park Geun-hye administration and Moon Jae-in administration towards the THAAD system are inseparable from leaders' intentions, strategic culture, state-society relations, domestic system, and other factors. Their joint efforts under the unique political system restrict and affect the decision-making process and results of Korean diplomacy. Therefore, how these domestic factors show a combined impact on the Korean diplomatic decision-making is the key to the study.

리모델링 인센티브를 활용한 1기 신도시 ‘先 재건축, 後 리모델링’ 추진에 관한 연구

housing prices have risen sharply since the Moon Jae-in administration, and in some areas of Seoul, the average apartment price has reached more than 1 billion won. Accordingly, as a real estate regulatory policy, the government introduced DSR following LTV and DTI, which are one of the financial loan regulation policies, and came up with a policy to suppress the increase in house prices through loan restraints. came up with However, the land that can supply housing on a large scale is limited and it is difficult to find suitable land at present. Although there is a way to supply new housing through reconstruction and redevelopment, the reconstruction projects of low-rise apartment complexes that are feasible have already reached the completion stage, and the remaining middle and high-rise apartments are turning to multi-unit housing remodeling projects rather than reconstruction due to lack of business feasibility. However, the target houses of the remodeling project are housing complexes that were built in a way that did not take into account remodeling in the past.

In Defense of North Korea Sanctions

South Korean President Moon Jae-In's administration has sought sanctions relief for North Korea, but South Korea's allies have rejected those solicitations. This paper formalizes the allies' anti-relief impulses. It argues both against sanctions critiques and on behalf of sanctions. First, it disputes common sanction critiques, arguing that: 1) the humanitarian crisis in North Korea is the fault of the regime's choices, not sanctions; 2) sanctions have in fact been somewhat effective; and 3) North Korean leader Kim Jong Un is not a reformer. Second, this paper defends sanctions, because they: 1) express the international community's moral rejection of North Korean totalitarianism; 2) constrict North Korean economic growth in the strategic interest of South Korea and its partner democracies; 3) deter other states from following North Korea's nuclear and missile path; 4) give teeth to United Nations Security Council resolutions; and 5) punish North Korea for international law (UNSCR) violations.

South Korea’s Evolving Balanced Diplomacy and China: A Discourse and Big Data Analysis of President Moon Jae-in’s Perception

What is the strategy that made the Moon Jae-in administration maintain a 'balanced diplomacy', thus far? Regarding this, the views of Seoul's allies were negative and sometimes harsh. This paper tries to reveal the substance of Seoul's strategic position and its China policy by analyzing Moon's perception of national security. Here, the term of national security is assumed to have four aspects: existential threat, structural threat, economic secutiry, and political security. As a research methodology, we mainly used discourse and big data analysis. The results revealed that Moon's perception of China stood out for his pragmatism in flexibly responding to the external changes. In terms of national interests, he wanted to secure China's cooperation on the Korean Peninsula issue, ensure diplomatic and security autonomy against the US-China competition, hedge against various economic threats, and overcome domestic confrontation between progressives and conservatives. If we look at Moon's perception considering the meanings of balance, he shows a strong reluctance to outright power politics by great powers, an unexpectedly indifferent attitude toward the negative impact of the US-China competition on the stability and peace of Northeast Asian and the peninsula, and a strong desire to improve the poor distribution of power through national capacity building.