Mood Factors Research Articles

Insomnia moderates the association between positive symptoms and suicidal ideation: A large-scale cross-sectional study in Chinese patients with chronic schizophrenia

ObjectiveBoth insomnia and positive symptoms are linked to suicidal ideation (SI) in schizophrenia, yet their interaction remains unexplored. This study aims to investigate whether insomnia moderates the relationship between positive symptoms and SI in a large sample of Chinese patients with chronic schizophrenia. MethodWe recruited 1407 patients and assessed them using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and Beck Scale for Suicide Ideation (BSSI). We also collected demographic information and lifetime history of suicide attempts (SA). Positive symptoms were evaluated using the PANSS positive factor. Multivariate logistic regression and moderation analysis were performed. ResultsThe prevalence of insomnia and SI was 13.5 % and 9.7 %, respectively. ISI scores (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.06; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.01–1.10, p = 0.011), PANSS positive factor (AOR: 1.05; 95 % CI: 1.01–1.09, p = 0.008), PANSS mood factor (AOR: 1.16; 95 % CI: 1.10–1.22, p < 0.001), and lifetime SA (AOR: 4.35; 95 % CI: 2.86–6.61, p < 0.001) were independently associated with SI. Moderation analysis revealed that insomnia amplified the association between positive symptoms and SI. Specifically, higher levels of insomnia significantly strengthened this relationship (b = 0.086, 95 % CI = 0.048–0.124, p < 0.001), while the association was negligible in patients with low levels of insomnia (b = −0.003, 95 % CI = -0.042–0.036, p = 0.870). ConclusionBoth insomnia and positive symptoms were independently related to SI in schizophrenia, with insomnia moderating the relationship between positive symptoms and SI. Further studies are needed to test whether interventions against insomnia and positive symptoms would be effective at reducing SI in this population.

Adult symptoms of ASD in relation to excessive internet use: The roles of ADHD symptoms and negative mood.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been reportedly associated with excessive internet use, also known as internet addiction. As ADHD is the most common comorbidity in ASD, the present study examined the possibility that ADHD symptoms, and/or trait and mood factors linked to ASD, ADHD and internet addiction, could account for the association of ASD with internet addiction symptoms. A nonclinical young adult sample of 248 internet using men and women completed self-report measures of ASD and ADHD symptoms, alexithymia, impulsivity, negative moods and internet addiction symptoms. Scores on the ASD and ADHD symptom measures were normally distributed, consistent with the notion that the corresponding disorders represent extreme, impairing ends of population distributions of their symptoms. Hierarchical regression followed by path analysis indicated that the relationship between ASD and internet addiction symptoms was fully mediated by ADHD symptoms and negative moods. Further, the relationship between ADHD and internet addiction symptoms was partially mediated by impulsivity and negative moods. Present findings point to the mediating roles of ADHD symptoms and negative moods in the association of ASD with internet addiction symptoms.

Depressed mood as a transdiagnostic target relevant to anxiety and/or psychosis: a scoping review protocol

IntroductionDepressed mood is a psychological state characterised by sadness or loss of interest in activities. Depressed mood is a highly prevalent symptom across major mental disorders. However, there is limited...

Risk Factors of Perinatal Negative Mood and Its Influence on Prognosis: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Maternal anxiety or depression in the perinatal period has a high prevalence. The negative emotion during the puerpera is unfavorable to the process of childbirth and also affects the recovery and the quality of life in postpartum patients significantly. The present study aimed to elucidate the risk factors of negative emotion in perinatal women and its influence on prognosis to provide a reference for improving maternal prognosis. Initially, 350 expectant mothers were randomly enrolled in the present study between August 2021 and August 2022. Among these, after applying the established inclusion and exclusion criteria, 314 patients were eventually selected. The independent risk factors of negative emotion and poor prognosis were analyzed through binary logistics regression and multiple linear regression. Follow-up was conducted via telephone, email, and a follow-up visit one month after discharge. Among the included patients, 18 (5.7%) had prenatal anxiety, 16 (5.1%) had prenatal depression, 31 (9.9%) had postnatal anxiety, and 28 (8.9%) had postnatal depression. Perinatal negative emotional risk factors include age, marital relationship, regular prenatal examination, E2 level, 5-HT level before and after delivery, family monthly income, neonatal health, breastfeeding time, intrapartum hemorrhage, constipation and other complications. The development of postpartum negative emotions is a risk factor for maternal prognosis. The results showed that the risk factors of perinatal depression and anxiety were complex. In order to improve the quality of life of pregnant women, maintain their long-term emotional stability, and promote their postpartum recovery, it may be considered to promote the use of screening tools to identify women at risk of anxiety and depression before and after delivery, and timely psychological counseling for patients with high risk factors to promote their mental health.

Schedule risk model of water intake tunnel construction considering mood factors and its application

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The Impact of Stress and Depression on Adolescents: An Empirical Study

Background: stress and depressive mood swings among adolescents have a serious influence in the later part of life. It is necessary to analyse the problems of adolescents in order to create psychologically strong society. The aim of study was to investigate the driving factors of stress and instable mood in adolescents. This also helped to reveal the educational and social barriers of adolescents. Research hypothesis: stress and depressive mood swings in adolescents mostly occur due to events in their habitual places, such as schools, public places, and family. Patients and methods: the primary data of the study was obtained from 138 school student adolescents. The gathered data of semi-structured questionnaire was analysed, using Quantitative Research Methodology, SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science), statistical tests, like Correlation, ANOVA, and Descriptive statistics. Results: disasters of stress and depressive mood swings affect the lifestyle of adolescents. The study suggested that the family environment and academic problems were the vital psychological factor affecting the adolescents. Avoiding negative thoughts helps to increase one’s self esteem. Education improves the involvement in socialising. Conclusion: involvement of parents in education process contributes to create positive family environment, which in turn helps to identify solutions for improving one’s self esteem. Concentration on severe disasters of stress and depressive mood swings among adolescents facilitates the creation of a strong psychological society.

Patients With Hemangioblastoma: Mood Disorders and Sleep Quality.

Sleep has confirmed physical, psychological, and behavioral benefits, and disruptions can result in disturbances in these states. Moreover, it can be linked bidirectionally with susceptibility to and the subsequent status of brain tumors. The current study examined mood disorders and sleep quality before and after surgery for hemangioblastoma brain tumors. Thirty-two patients diagnosed with hemangioblastoma brain tumors between 2017 and 2023 underwent surgical treatment. The Karnofsky Performance Status and ECOG performance status scales, the Brunel Mood Scale, the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire, and the Mini-Sleep Questionnaire were employed to assess the patients. The findings indicate that after surgery, sleep quality and mood disorders, including tension, vigor, and depression, did not exhibit significant differences in these patients (p>0.05). However, tension, vigor, depression, and sleep quality did have a significant impact on their functional status post-surgery (p<0.05). Depression is the significant mood factor in patients with brain tumors that impact their functional status. In this context, it is recommended that psychological therapies be considered for them, alongside conducting more comprehensive and in-depth studies on psychological disorders in patients with brain tumors.

Innovation of Mental Health Education Path in Colleges and Universities under the Perspective of “Internet +”

Abstract The traditional mental health education model has made it difficult to cope with the increasingly serious psychological problems of college students. In this paper, under the perspective of “Internet+”, based on the social network of college students, we constructed a propagation dynamics model of depression in colleges and universities and utilized the heterogeneous mean field to detect the propagation status of students’ depression. After calculating the comprehensive centrality degree of students with depression, the community mining of peer psychological adjustment is completed. The C-P similarity of students under the mental health perspective was defined by the ordering of the comprehensive centrality degree and the friend recommendation results were obtained by the distance measure of similarity. In the network of students without depressed mood, after a period of oscillation initially, the end state can be basically reached within 1000 steps, and the infected nodes reach 1000. When the depressed mood factor is small, such as S=0.02 and S=0.04, it has been able to prevent the transformation of depressed mood to the state of all 0, and the proportion occupied by positive and negative moods in the network is basically stable. Internet technology effectively improves the problem of identifying students with psychological abnormalities and implementing targeted mental health education.

Classification of high-risk depressed mood groups in cancer patients based on Health Ecology Model

BackgroundDepressed mood affects a significant number of patients with cancer, and can impair their quality of life and interfere with successful treatment. Our study aims to create a predictive model for identifying high-risk groups of depressed mood in cancer patients, offering a theoretical support for preventing depressed mood in these individuals. MethodsThe China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) provided the data for this research, which used CES-D as a tool to identify individuals with depressed mood. Influencing factors of depressed mood in cancer patients was analyzed using a binary logistic regression model. Using the Harvard Cancer Index, we classified the high-risk patients for depressed mood. ResultsIn present study, 52.96 % of cancer patients met criteria for depressed mood based on the CES-D. Significant correlations were found between depressed mood and factors such as gender, self-rated health, sleep duration, exercise, satisfaction with family, residence, education, life satisfaction, and medical insurance. Utilizing the Harvard Cancer Index, we classified patients into five risk levels for depressed mood, revealing a significant variation in the number of depressive patients across these levels (x2=99.82, P < 0.05). Notably, the incidence of depressed mood increased with the risk level among cancer patients (x2=103.40, P < 0.05). LimitationsLack of data on tumor typing and subgroups makes it unlikely to explore the specifics of depressed mood in patients with various types of cancer. ConclusionThe determinants of depressed mood in cancer patients are multi-dimensional. The Harvard Cancer Index may be helpful in identifying high-risk populations.

Psychobiological risk factors for insomnia and depressed mood among hospital female nurses working shifts

IntroductionDespite a vast body of knowledge on the associations between insomnia and depression, and although women and shift workers are at high risk for each of these conditions separately, common psychobiological risk factors for developing insomnia and depressed mood concomitantly in high-functioning shift-working female nurses have yet to be investigated within a comprehensive framework. This study examines the contribution of shift work (disruption of circadian rhythms), stress, analytical rumination, and morningness-eveningness on the development of insomnia and depressed mood among female hospital nurses.ObjectivesWe sought to assess the severity and prevalence of insomnia symptoms and depressed mood among hospital shift-working compared with day-working nurses; to examine associations between psychobiological risk factors with insomnia and depressed mood; and to develop a conceptual psychobiological model to describe their co-occurrence among hospital nurses.MethodsUsing a cross-sectional design, we recruited female hospital nurses, shift workers (SW) and day workers (DW: only morning shifts), and assessed them for insomnia, depressed mood, stress, analytical rumination, and morningness-eveningness through validated self-administered questionnaires delivered online. Using structural equation modeling (SEM), we assessed common pathways between psychobiological factors affecting insomnia and depressed mood.Results448 nurses completed electronic questionnaires. SW nurses (n = 358) compared with DW nurses (n = 90) had significantly higher rates of insomnia and depressed mood. SW nurses also reported significantly higher severity of insomnia, depressed mood, stress, and a tendency to eveningness compared with DW nurses. A positive linear relationship was found between insomnia and depressed mood in both SW and DW nurses. SEM showed that shift work contributed directly to insomnia and indirectly to depressed mood. The overall model showed a good fit between the empirical and the conceptual psychobiological model proposed in the study [χ(1) = 0.16, p = 0.69, CFI = 0.99, RMSEA = 0.0001].DiscussionWe found that SW nurses who reported high levels of stress and eveningness are at significantly greater risk for both insomnia symptoms and depressed mood. Findings provide the groundwork in creating a conceptual psychobiological model to examine the co-occurrence of insomnia and depressed mood phenomena in hospital nurses. This research is an important first step toward the development of interventions aimed at improving nurses' health, wellbeing and quality of life by preventing the mental burden associated with insomnia and depressed mood.

TIPS-15 NEUROCOGNITIVE FUNCTION AND NEUROCOGNITIVE CONCERNS IN AN ONGOING PHASE III TRIAL OF PRE-OPERATIVE SRS VERSUS POST-OPERATIVE SRS FOR BRAIN METASTASES

Abstract In our ongoing phase III randomized trial (NCT03741673) evaluating risk of leptomeningeal disease (LMD) in patients with brain metastasis, patients are stratified by tumor size, location, and histology, and randomized to pre-operative SRS versus post-operative SRS. The primary endpoint is 1-year LMD-free rate, and exploratory endpoints include neurocognitive function (NCF). NCF is assessed prior to treatment and longitudinally (1.5, 6, and 12 months from the start of treatment) with the HVLT-R, TMT, and COWA yielding the Clinical Trial Battery Composite score (CTB COMP). Patients also complete the MDASI-BT, which includes a Cognitive Factor measuring patient reported cognitive concerns. Currently, 41 patients completed pre-treatment NCF baseline. Characteristics of patients with pre-treatment NCF baseline include mean (SD): age 60.0+/-11.7 years, 2.6+/-2.2 metastases, 15.2+/-10.1 cc brain metastases volume, median KPS 90 (range: 70-100), 83% white, 52% male, and 50% received AEDs at time of surgery. The most common primary cancers among this cohort were: 31% NSCLC, 19% RCC, 14% melanoma, 7% breast, 2% thyroid, and 26% other. Mean (SD) NCF z-scores ranged from z= -0.09 (1.08) to -3.09 (6.13), CTB COMP z=-1.13 (1.65), and the mean (SD) MDASI-BT Cognitive Factor score was 1.1 (1.3). Using multivariable linear regression including CTB COMP, MDASI-BT Cognitive and Affective Factor, KPS, number of and intracranial volume of metastases, only intracranial volume of metastases was statistically significantly associated with CTB COMP (B=-.058, p=.034) and only the MDASI-BT Affective Factor was statistically significantly associated with the MDASI-BT Cognitive Factor (B=.305, p=&amp;lt;.001). At baseline, disease factors such as tumor burden appear to be the primary driver of objectively measured neurocognitive dysfunction and mood factors appear to be the primary driver of subjective patient reported neurocognitive concerns. This has important implications for interpretation of these different clinical outcome assessments in clinical trials measuring objective neurocognitive function and subjective neurocognitive concerns.

Psychological Flaws in Judicial Decision Making

The judges' decision-making always plays a very significant role in governance and the judicial system. The fortification of judicial decision-making is generally considered different aspects that operate on different levels: external and internal factors. This study examines the various Psychological flaws, i.e. Implicit Biases, Heuristics (mental shortcuts), and Noise (varied judgments at different times) in judicial decision-making. This research incorporates the shreds of evidence from various documents, articles and books. Then it explores the internal factors of environment, fatigue, mood, multitasking, and others which cause judges to be inclined toward these flaws. Furthermore, this doctrinal research tries to find valuable ways to reduce these effects. Eventually, it is concluded that judges are mostly being accountable for the code of their conduct, not for the decisions they make. Whether they are free from implicit bias, heuristics and noise? The more conscious and effortful decisions, along with the Checklists, Feedback and Accountability system of judges, can improve fairness and justice in the 21st century.

Incidence and risk factors for postpartum mood and anxiety disorders among women veterans

BackgroundOur aim was to determine rates of postpartum mood and anxiety disorders (PMADs) among U.S. women Veterans and the overlap among PMADs. We further sought to identify PMAD risk factors, including those unique to military service. MethodsA national sample of women Veterans completed a computer-assisted telephone interview (N = 1414). Eligible participants were aged 20–45 and had separated from service within the last 10 years. Self-report measures included demographics, general health, reproductive health, military exposures, sexual assault, childhood trauma, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The PMADs of interest were postpartum depression (PPD), postpartum anxiety (PPA) and postpartum PTSD (PPPTSD). This analysis included 1039 women Veterans who had ever been pregnant and who answered questions about PPMDs related to their most recent pregnancy. ResultsA third (340/1039, 32.7%) of participants were diagnosed with at least one PMAD and one-fifth (215/1039, 20.7%) with two or more. Risk factors common for developing a PMAD included: a mental health diagnosis prior to pregnancy, a self-report of ever having had a traumatic birth experience, and most recent pregnancy occurring during military service. Additional risk factors were found for PPD and PPPTSD. ConclusionWomen Veterans may be at an increased risk for developing PMADs due to high rates of lifetime sexual assault, mental health disorders, and military-specific factors including giving birth during military service and military combat deployment exposures.

Relation of modifiable lifestyle and mood factors to subjective cognitive concerns among participants and their study partners in the A4 screen data

AbstractBackgroundSubjective cognitive decline (SCD) is associated with future cognitive decline, elevated amyloid levels, and non‐specific variables, including mood. Participants often endorse higher cognitive concerns than their study partners (SPs), raising the possibility that participant complaints reflect multiple factors, including mood, lifestyle variables, and amyloid status. To determine the predictive value of modifiable factors, we examined the relation between SCD, lifestyle habits, amyloid, and mood among cognitively unimpaired older adults from a multi‐site secondary prevention trial (A4 screen data).MethodParticipants were 6943 individuals from A4 assessed pre‐randomization [mean(SD): age = 71.6(4.9), education = 16.4(3.0); 58% women, 95% non‐Hispanic or Latino, 90% white)]. Using descriptive analyses and linear regression models, we examined whether amyloid status (amyloid+: n = 1329/4492) and self‐reported mood (Geriatric Depression Scale [GDS]) or lifestyle habits (exercise, sleep) predicted subjective cognitive concerns (CFI; participant‐ and SP‐reported).ResultParticipants endorsed healthy lifestyle habits (mean hours of aerobic exercise/week = 2.9; mean hours of sleep/night = 7.1), minimal mood symptoms (mean GDS = 1.1), and higher cognitive concerns than SPs (t(5996) = ‐25.08, p&lt;.001). Lower mood (t = 29.49, p&lt;.001), older age (t = 5.75, p&lt;.001), and lower education (t = ‐3.92, p&lt;.001) predicted participant concerns on the CFI, with additive predictive value of lower self‐reported exercise (t = ‐2.90, p = .004) and sleep duration (t = ‐2.12, p = .035); however, only lower participant‐reported mood (t = 12.90, p&lt;.001) and older participant age (t = 6.54, p&lt;.001) predicted SP concerns. Adding amyloid to the model in a subset, all predictors for participant concerns remained except sleep, while only amyloid status (t = 4.59, p&lt;.001), lower mood (t = 11.53, p&lt;.001), and older age (t = 4.72, p&lt;.001) predicted SP concerns.ConclusionCognitively unimpaired participants endorsed higher cognitive concerns on the CFI compared to their SPs. Participant concerns were associated with multiple predictors (age, education, mood, amyloid status, exercise, sleep), while SP concerns were only associated with age, mood, and amyloid status. Participants may be more aware of early changes and endorse concerns reflecting various factors, including personal lifestyle habits, while SP report may be more specific to cognitive changes due to age and amyloid burden. These findings expand understanding of how various factors (e.g., biomarkers, mood, lifestyle habits) may contribute differently to participant and SP cognitive concerns, which may inform research recruitment and clinical care.

The Impact of Nursing Handover on Nurses’ Mood

Objective: To estimate the impact of nursing handover on nurses’ mood after the end of the nursing shift report. Methods: A cross-sectional, repeated-measures design study involving a diary questionnaire was conducted during November - December 2019. Data were collected from 125 nurses working in a public hospital in Northern Greece. 375 diaries were returned. Mood change was measured using the UWIST Mood Adjective Checklist instrument that describes three mood factors (Hedonic Tone, Tense Arousal and Energetic Arousal). Results: A significant change in nurses’ mood before and after the nursing handover was reported and more specifically, an increase in positive and a decrease in negative mood state was observed. A change in all mood groups - Hedonic Tone, Tense Arousal and Energetic Arousal was also identified. Nurses with many years of experience who work in internal medicine, increased their Hedonic Tone (P=0.001) and decreased their Tense Arousal (P=0.005). Conclusion: The benefits of nursing handover are long established and is suggested as the most appropriate period of time for nurses to achieve emotional change before leaving from work. Nurses are advised to use the nursing handover as an opportunity to psychologically disengage from work and increase their positive mood.

How does the public understand the causes of mental disorders? An analysis of Irish news media before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Public perceptions of the determinants of mental illness have important implications for attitudes and stigma, but minimal previous research has explored how causal attributions are spontaneously invoked in everyday public discourse. This study investigated how causal explanations for mental illness are disseminated in popular Irish news media, in the two years before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Keyword searches of a news media database identified 1,892 articles published between March 2018 to March 2022 that mentioned one of six categories of mental disorders: anxiety disorders, mood disorders, substance-related disorders, personality disorders, eating disorders, and psychotic disorders. Overall, 25% of the identified articles contained a causal explanation for mental illness. Inductive content analysis revealed the content and prevalence of eight types of causal explanations for mental disorders. Overall, attributions to life events/experiences, the cultural/societal environment, interpersonal relations, and health and lifestyle factors occurred more frequently than attributions to biological or psychological determinants. Life events/experiences were the most common explanation for anxiety and personality disorders, cultural/societal environment for eating disorders, and health/lifestyle factors for mood and psychotic disorders. Interpersonal factors in mental illness aetiology became more salient following the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings emphasise the need for theory and research on lay explanations of mental disorders to account for diversity, both in the range of attributions invoked, and in how attributional patterns shift across time and mental disorders category.

Relation of modifiable lifestyle and mood factors to cognitive concerns among participants and their study partners in the A4 screen data.

Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) has been associated with elevated amyloid levels and increased risk of future cognitive decline, as well as modifiable variables, including depression, anxiety, and physical inactivity. Participants generally endorse greater and earlier concerns than their close family and friends (study partners [SPs]), which may reflect subtle changes at the earliest stages of disease among participants with underlying neurodegenerative processes. However, many individuals with subjective concerns are not at risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology, suggesting that additional factors, such as lifestyle habits, may be contributory. We examined the relation between SCD, amyloid status, lifestyle habits (exercise, sleep), mood/anxiety, and demographic variables among 4481 cognitively unimpaired older adults who are being screened for a multi-site secondary prevention trial (A4 screen data; mean ±SD: age=71.3 ±4.7, education=16.6 ±2.8, 59% women, 96% non-Hispanic or Latino, 92% White]. On the Cognitive Function Index (CFI) participants endorsed higher concerns compared to SPs. Participant concerns were associated with older age, positive amyloid status, worse mood/anxiety, lower education, and lower exercise, whereas SP concerns were associated with older participant age, male gender of participant, positive amyloid status of participant, and worse participant-reported mood/anxiety. Findings suggest that modifiable/lifestyle factors (e.g., exercise, education) may be associated with participant concerns among cognitively unimpaired individuals and highlight the importance of further examining how modifiable factors impact participant- and SP-reported concerns, which may inform trial recruitment and clinical interventions.

Evaluating Mood and Anxiety Disorders in Canada Through a Gender-Based Analysis Plus (GBA+) Lens

Abstract Background The prevalence of mental disorders continues to increase worldwide. We assessed the prevalence and associated factors of mood and anxiety disorders in the Canadian population using a Gender-Based Analysis Plus (GBA+) lens on a nationally representative survey. Methods A secondary analysis of the 2017-2018 Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) - Annual Component was conducted using a GBA+ lens, an analytical process to incorporate sex, gender, and other intersecting identity factors into research, programs and policies. Sampling and bootstrap weights were applied to account for complex sampling design. Chi-square test and multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess associated factors of mood and anxiety disorders. Results 2017-2018 CCHS included 113,290 observations, representative of 98% of the Canadian population over the age of 12. Mood and anxiety disorders were more prevalent among females than males (11.0% vs 6.4% and 11.6% vs 6.3% respectively, p &amp;lt; 0.001). Logistic regression analyses revealed higher odds for both disorders for those who were female, unemployed, smokers, homosexual or bisexual, had low education and income levels, suffered from food insecurity or had disabilities. Statistically significant interactions were observed between sex and factors such as age, income, employment and sexual orientation. Of those who had a mood or anxiety disorder, 5.0% reported having unmet mental health care needs compared to 1.0% of the general population (p &amp;lt; 0.001). Those reporting unmet mental health care needs were more frequently younger, females, single parents, with disabilities, lower income and food insecurity. Conclusions Females in Canada continue to be affected by mood and anxiety disorders at higher rates than males. Strategies for preventing mental health disorders and improving mental health care must be tailored towards the needs of specific groups. We recommend the use of GBA+ as a guide in both research and policymaking. Key messages • This study provides estimates of the present state of mood and anxiety disorders in the Canadian population using secondary data from a cross-sectional, nationwide survey conducted through 2017-2018. • The application of Gender-Based Analysis Plus (GBA+) helps with the systematic evaluation of healthcare disparities and development of targeted strategies to address gaps in mental health.

Association between sedentary behavior and depression among South Korean adolescents

BackgroundThe symptoms and outcomes of depressed mood are considered severe social issues among Korean adolescents. However, it is difficult to detect depressed mood and evaluate the factors associated with suicide among such individuals. Identifying the risk factors of depressed mood would allow for improved perspectives for interventions. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the association between sedentary behavior and the prevalence of depressed mood.MethodsFrom 2014 to 2020, the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Survey (KYRBS), which is a web-based self-report survey, was used for analysis. A total of 366,405 individuals participated in this study. Sedentary behavior was divided into 3 groups based on the duration of sedentary behavior: low sedentary time group (LS, 25 percentile), middle sedentary time group (MS, from 25 to 75 percentile, reference), and high sedentary time group (HS, above 75 percentile). Further, sedentary behavior is divided into 4 subgroups based on weekdays or weekends and owing to studying or non-studying. The chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were used in this study.ResultsCompared to the MS, which is the reference, male participants in both the LS and HS had experienced depressed mood (adjusted odds ratio (OR): 1.035, 95% CI = 1.003-1.068 in the LS, adjusted OR: 1.091, CI = 1.055-1.129 in the HS). Among females, only the HS was statistically significant (adjusted OR: 1.039, 95% CI = 1.011-1.069 in HS). Korean adolescents with longer sedentary durations during weekdays regardless of the cause of sedentary behavior are positively associated with depressed mood with suicidality in the HS for both genders.ConclusionThis study found a positive association between the prevalence of depressed mood and sedentary behavior, and it focused on the cause and timing. Interventions targeting sedentary behavior could be effective in reducing depressed mood and suicidality among adolescents.

Prevalence and risk factors of mood and anxiety disorders in children and young people: Findings from the Northern Ireland Youth Wellbeing Survey.

Objective:This paper presents the key findings from the Northern Ireland Youth Wellbeing Prevalence Survey (NIYWS), specifically the prevalence of common mental health disorders and their association with personal, familial and socio-economic risk factors.Methods:The Northern Ireland Youth Wellbeing Survey (NIYWS) is a large nationally representative household survey of young people aged 2–19 years (N = 3074) and their parents (N = 2816). Data collection was by means of a stratified random probability household survey. Children and young people were eligible to take part if they were aged 2 to 19 and lived in Northern Ireland. Mood and anxiety disorders were measured using the Revised Children’s Anxiety and Depression Scale (RCADS: Chorpita et al., 2000).Results:Based on the cut-off scores for the RCADS 11.5% of the sample met the criteria for any mental health disorder. The most prevalent disorder was panic disorder (6.76%) and the least common was generalised anxiety disorder (2.69%). Poor child health, special educational needs, parental separation, living in a household in receipt of benefits, living in an area of deprivation and living in an urban area were all significant predictors of any mood or anxiety disorder.Conclusions:The results indicate somewhat elevated prevalence rates of mood and anxiety disorders in children and young people in Northern Ireland compared to England and other international countries. These findings can be used to help inform mental health policy and practice.