Monosodium Glutamate Wastewater Research Articles

Adsorption performance of ammonium molybdate modified Salix wood flour biochar for the treatment of monosodium glutamate wastewater

ABSTRACT The problem of wastewater pollution in the production of monosodium glutamate (MSG) is becoming more and more serious. A novel type of chemically modified Salix psammophila powder charcoal (SPPCAM) was synthesized to address the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) in MSG wastewater. SPPCAM was prepared by carbonization method, in which inorganic ammonium molybdate (AM) was used as modifier and Salix psammophila powder (SPP) was used as raw material. Under optimal treatment conditions, maximum removal rates (removal capacities) of 45.9% (3313.2 mg·L−1) for COD and 29.4% (23.2 mg·L−1) for NH3-N in MSG wastewater were achieved. The treatment results significantly outperforming the unmodified Salix psammophila powder charcoal (SPPC), which only achieved removal rates (removal capacities) of 10.6% (763.9 mg·L−1) for COD and 12.9% (10 mg·L−1) for NH3-N. SPPC and SPPCAM before and after preparation were analysed by FT-IR and XRD, and Mo ions in the form of Mo2C within SPPCAM were successfully loaded. SEM, EDS-Mapping, BET, and other methods were used to analyse SPPCAM before and after MSG wastewater treatment, demonstrating that SPPCAM effectively treated organic pollutants in monosodium glutamate wastewater. The NH3-N in the treated MSG wastewater has reached the standard of safe discharge.

Evaluating the Application Potential of Acid-Modified Cotton Straw Biochars in Alkaline Soils Based on Entropy Weight TOPSIS

As a good carbon source and soil conditioner, biochar is widely used in acidic soils but seldom in alkaline soils due to its high pH. In this study, cotton straw biochar was modified with five different acidic materials to obtain wood-vinegar- (WBC), monosodium-glutamate (MSG)-wastewater- (MBC), citric-acid- (CBC), phosphoric-acid- (PBC), and nitric-acid-modified biochars (NBC), and three dosages were used for each modifier. The pristine and modified biochars were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. The biochar properties such as pH, specific surface area (SSA), and elemental contents were measured. In addition, the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) model based on entropy weight was used to evaluate the application potential of the biochars in alkaline soils. The FTIR spectra showed that modification with the five acidic materials, MSG wastewater in particular, resulted in more oxygen-containing functional groups such as O-H, C=O, and C-O on the biochar surface. In addition, acid modification greatly decreased the pH: phosphoric acid modification significantly decreased the pH of cotton straw biochar by 5.71–7.88 units. For the same modifier, a higher dosage (i.e., a smaller biochar:modifier ratio) led to a larger decrease in the pH of cotton straw biochar. The magnitudes of increase in total soluble salt content followed the general order of CBCs > PBCs > WBCs > NBCs > MBCs. The SSA, average pore diameter, and total pore volume of biochar were changed as well. Modification using wood vinegar and MSG wastewater significantly decreased the SSA of cotton straw biochar by 15.58–16.24 m2 g−1 (82.7–86.2%) and 15.87–16.80 m2 g−1 (84.2–89.2%), respectively, whereas modification using citric acid and nitric acid significantly increased the SSA of cotton straw biochar by 4.51–4.66 m2 g−1 (23.9–24.7%) and 0.55–54.21 m2 g−1 (2.9–287.7%). The evaluation based on entropy weight TOPSIS model suggested that the MBCs have the highest potential for application in alkaline soils. This study presents a theoretical basis for evaluation of biochar application potential, demonstrates a way of improving biochar application potential, and provides a support for beneficial utilization of agricultural and industrial wastes such as cotton straw, wood vinegar, and MSG wastewater.

Effect of lignocellulose/montmorillonite immobilized Bacillus sp. on monosodium glutamate wastewater.

A group of Bacillus sp. was extracted from monosodium glutamate wastewater. Lignocellulose/montmorillonite composite was selected as the carrier. Lignocellulose/montmorillonite composite immobilized Bacillus sp./calcium alginate microspheres were prepared by immobilized microorganism techniques. The microspheres were used to treat monosodium glutamate wastewater with significantly reduced ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentrations. The optimum preparation conditions of microspheres in the treatment of NH3-N and COD of monosodium glutamate wastewater were studied. The concentration of sodium alginate was 2.0 wt%, lignocellulose/montmorillonite was 0.06 wt%, Bacillus sp. was 1.0 wt%, CaCl2 solution was 2.0 wt%, coagulation time was 12h, and the removal capacities of NH3-N and COD were 44832 and 78345mg/L, respectively. The surface structure, element content, functional group change, and crystal structure of the microspheres were characterized by SEM, EDS, and other methods. The results showed that the -COOH in lignocellulose/montmorillonite and the -OH in the Bacillus sp. form intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The Si-O and Al-O bonds in lignocellulose/montmorillonite reacted with sodium ions in sodium alginate. New crystal structures appear inside the material after crosslinking, and the microspheres was formed. Thus, the study has shown that the microspheres were successfully prepared and contributes to the treatment of NH3-N and COD in monosodium glutamate wastewater. This work can provide an interesting strategy for the removal of COD and NH3-N in industrial wastewater by reasonably combining bio-physicochemical processes.

Strain Screening and Conditions Optimization in Microalgae-Based Monosodium Glutamate Wastewater (MSGW) Treatment

The wastewater generated from monosodium glutamate production displays distinctive features of elevated salinity, organic content, as well as nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations, and its indiscriminate disposal poses a significant threat to water quality and can cause detrimental impacts on aquatic ecosystems. The application of microalgae for monosodium glutamate wastewater (MSGW) treatment can result in simultaneous wastewater purification and biomass recovery. In this study, the algae species capable of thriving in diluted MSGW were screened, and the wastewater composition and growth conditions were optimized to obtain high algal biomass and nutrient removal rate. Among the tested species, Chlorella sp. FACHB-30 demonstrated superior potential for MSGW treatment and achieved a maximum specific growth rate of 0.28 d−1 and the highest COD removal rate of 61.50% over a 20-day cultivation period with trace metals supplementation in the wastewater. Moreover, the cultivation of Chlorella sp. FACHB-30 yielded considerable reductions in total phosphate (69.09%), total nitrogen (26.93%), and NH4+-N (51.91%) levels in the wastewater. The optimum conditions for achieving maximum algal density and highest nutrient removal were determined as light intensity of 150 μmol m−2s−1, inoculation concentration of 1 × 105 cells mL−1, and an iron concentration of 10−5 mol L−1. Finally, under the optimized conditions, the removal rates of total phosphate, total nitrogen, NH4+-N, and COD were determined to be 87.60%, 68.05%, 75.89%, and 77.96%, respectively. The findings of this study highlight the potential for enhancing the nutrient removal efficiency of microalgae-based MSGW treatment through the implementation of a combined approach that involves the selection of tolerant strains, optimization of cultivation conditions, and refinement of wastewater composition.

Energy Recovery from Herbal Wastewater and Monosodium Glutamate Wastewater through Anaerobic Co-Digestion

Anaerobic continuous stirring tank reactor (CSTR) was employed for biohydrogen production by anaerobic co-digestion from the mixture of herbal wastewater (HW) and monosodium glutamate wastewater (MGW). A series of blend volumetric proportions (MGW/HW), organic loading rates (OLR) were used as control strategy and evaluated for optimal biohydrogen production. The highest biohydrogen production of 7260±7.7 mL L-1 d-1 was attained at blend proportion of 15%, OLR of 41 g COD L-1 d-1 while the highest biohydrogen yield of 508.9±7.2 mL g CODremoved-1 was observed at same conditions. This study demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of enhanced biohydrogen production by adding MGW to compensate the low nitrogen content of HW.

From lab to application: Cultivating limnetic microalgae in seawater coupled with wastewater for biodiesel production on a pilot scale

The technology of cultivating salt-tolerant limnetic microalgae in seawater reduces the freshwater demand and costs of biodiesel production. However, all current trials still occur on the bench scale, and efforts for pilot-scale operation are urgently needed. This study firstly optimised the diameter of the photobioreactors (PBRs) to 0.2 m, as the single module to produce lipid-rich Golenkinia sp. SDEC-16 because of the better algal growth and light attenuation in the PBRs, and then established a 1000 L algal cultivation system. In a medium of seawater supplemented with monosodium glutamate wastewater at a ratio of 1:1000 (S-MSGW), the biomass productivity was 0.26 g/L/d, which was approaching the 0.30 g/L/d obtained in BG11, and the lipid productivity (98.99 mg/L/d) was doubled in comparison to growth in BG11. C16-C18 accounted for more than 98% of the total fatty acid in S-MSGW, and the biodiesel properties also met the biodiesel standards. The input cost of the biodiesel in this pilot-scale system was estimated to be 2.2 $/kg. When considering the carbon reduction and diversified application of the biomass, Golenkinia sp. would annually capture 186.77 kg/m3 PBR of CO2, and yield an output-to-input ratio (OIR) of 3.4 in S-MSGW, higher than the 2.8 in BG11.

Complex inhibitions on anaerobic degradation of monosodium glutamate in wastewater under low COD/sulfate ratios

To investigate the complex inhibitions leading to the deterioration of reactor performance in anaerobic treatment of monosodium glutamate (MSG) wastewater under low COD/sulfate ratios, a comprehensive assessment of the overall reactor performance, sludge characteristics and microbial community characteristics was conducted in this study. The COD removal rate of the reactor was maintained above 90% throughout the experiment, but the gas yield decreased by 52% due to the complex competition between sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and methane-producing archaea (MPA) resulting in a decreasing number of MPA. The sludge characteristics and microbial community features indicated that the complex competition between SRB and MPA included competition for hydrogen and survival space in the reactor. In addition, the competitive advantage of SRB for electrons led to the production of more sulfides in the reactor, further inhibiting the activity of MPA. Therefore, the complex inhibition within the reactor for anaerobic treatment of MSG wastewater with low COD/sulfate ratios, including sulfide toxicity inhibition, competition between SRB and MPA for substrate and space, not only led to a reduction in gas production, but also affected microbial activity and glutamate degradation.

Win-win for monosodium glutamate industry and paddy agriculture: Replacing chemical nitrogen with liquid organic fertilizer from wastewater mitigates reactive nitrogen losses while sustaining yields

Recycling nutrients from the monosodium glutamate (MSG) wastewater as a low-cost fertilizer is a cleaner practice in the MSG industry. However, the potential of liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) recovered from MSG wastewater serving as a substitute for chemical fertilizer, improving crop yields, and mitigating reactive nitrogen emissions, has not been investigated. In a two-year paddy field experiment, the LOF recovered from the MSG wastewater was used as top dressing, following a multi-splits fertigation way, to evaluate its effects on rice yield, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), NH3 volatilization and nitrogen leaching losses. For top-dressed N, with local traditional top-dressing strategy (broadcast urea in three splits) as control (CF), LOF fertigated in seven splits (LOF160, totally 160 kg N ha−1) was set in 2017, and another two reduced N levels for LOF top-dressing (LOF130 and LOF100) were included in 2018. Compared with CF, the LOF160, LOF130 and LOF100 achieved similar rice yields and showed significant improvements in NUE (19.4%, 25.5% and 34.4%, respectively). Furthermore, due to the specific N forms and the implementation practice of more splits and low split-dosage, the LOF fertigation significantly decreased the cumulative NH3 volatilization by 41.2%–67.7% and cumulative TDN leaching losses by 19.5%–44.1%. Although additional fertigation equipment investment is required, the LOF fertigation still improved the net economic benefits (NEB) by 10.4%–18.9% and the net economic and ecological benefit (NEEB) by 34.0%–54.9%, which primarily attributes to labor and fertilizer savings and the mitigation in environmental damage cost. This indicates that the use of recycled LOF as a substitute for chemical fertilizer can offer a promising option for delivering environmental and economic benefits of reduced chemical fertilizer use and industrial-agricultural pollution.

Monosodium glutamate wastewater assisted seawater to increase lipid productivity in single-celled algae

Using seawater supplemented with waste sources to cultivate freshwater algae has become a promising approach for biomass production. To make seawater cater algae, anaerobically digested effluent from kitchen waste (S + ADE-KW) or monosodium glutamate wastewater (S + MSG) was added as nutrient sources. Single- and multiple-cell algae — Scenedesmus sp. SDEC-8, Golenkinia sp. SDEC-16 and Chlorella sorokiniana SDEC-18 were cultivated in seawater-based media to explore the growth and main metabolites. Morphology and pigment changes revealed that spherical, single-celled SDEC-16 and SDEC-18 had better adaptation to the seawater-based media than multiple-celled SDEC-8. In S + MSG, SDEC-16 and SDEC-18 achieved higher biomass concentration (around 0.80 g/L) and lipid productivity (47.99 and 35.90 mg/L/d, respectively) than that in S + ADE-KW, owing to higher phosphorus concentration (5.51 mg/L) and lower free ammonia toxicity (11.48 mg/L) in S + MSG. In addition, the lipid productivities of SDEC-16 and SDEC-18 were able to triple and quadruple their output in the BG11 medium, respectively, due to the salt stress from seawater. Meanwhile the protein of SDEC-16 and SDEC-18 are still potential biomass resources that could attain 13.11 and 18.09 mg/L/d in S + MSG. This therefore confirms that utilization of monosodium glutamate wastewater and seawater has great potential to optimize microalgal production.

Efficient production of surfactin from xylose-rich corncob hydrolysate using genetically modified Bacillus subtilis 168.

As one of the most powerful biosurfactants, surfactin has extensive application prospects in numerous industrial fields. Bacillus subtilis 168 was genetically modified to produce surfactin by increasing the supply of the precursor fatty acyl-CoA by overexpressing 4' phosphopantetheinyl transferase, medium-chain acyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) thioesterase and fatty acyl CoA ligase (encoded by sfp, bte, and yhfL, respectively), and knocking out acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (encoded by fadE). The resulting recombinant strain BSFX022 produced 2203mg/L surfactin with xylose as carbon source. The lower accumulation of organic acids with xylose as carbon source made it possible to maintain surfactin production in a non-buffered fermentation system, and the yield reached 2074mg/L. Furthermore, to reduce the costs, waste biomass such as corncob hydrolysate and monosodium glutamate wastewater (MGW) were used, and 2032mg/L of surfactin was produced in the optimal waste-based medium. To our best knowledge, this is the first report of surfactin production using genetically modified Bacillus subtilis 168 with xylose as carbon source.

Performance and microbial community variations of a upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor for treating monosodium glutamate wastewater: Effects of organic loading rate

To investigate the effect of the organic loading rate (OLR) on anaerobic treatment of monosodium glutamate (MSG) wastewater, a lab-scale up-flow anaerobic blanket (UASB) reactor was continuously operated over a 222-day period. The overall performances of COD removal and methane recovery initially exhibited an increase and subsequently decreased when the OLR was increased from 1 g-COD/L/d to 24 g-COD/L/d. At the optimal OLR of 8 g-COD/L/d, superior performance was obtained with a maximum COD removal efficiency of 97%, a methane production rate of 2.3 L/L/d, and specific methanogenic activity of 86 mg-CH4/g-VSS/d (feeding on glutamate), with superior characteristics of sludge in VSS concentration, average diameter of granules, and settling velocity. According to the results of the specific methanogenic activity, the methanogenic pathway was more inclined to pass through acetate than through hydrogen. Methanosarcina instead of Methanosaeta, with Methanobacterium and greatly increased Firmicutes, dominated in the UASB reactor after long term operation. These results support that the OLR had a substantial effect on both the treatment and energy recovery efficiency of MSG wastewater as well as on microbial community variations in the UASB reactor.

Electro-autotrophs induced the growth of exoelectrogens on the anode in a microbial fuel cell

In microbial fuel cells (MFCs), exoelectrogens act as a catalyst and produce electricity directly. Exoelectrogens such as Geobacter in the heterotrophic condition acts as electron donors but when they transferred to the autotrophic condition, they act as electron acceptors and undergo continuous growth. However, most of the nonelectrochemical bacteria will collapse and disperse in the liquid phase with environmental change. In this study, we used electro-autotroph and acetate enrichment alternately rather than only an acetate-fed control system in the batch operation. After the five-batch operation, the microorganism diversity shifted from complex to simple, and Geobacter was the most abundant microorganism in the experimental system. The coulombic efficiency (CE) and the highest current density were 20%–45%, and 657 mA/m2, respectively, for the experimental group and 8%–20%, and 511 mA/m2, respectively, for the control group. The monosodium glutamate wastewater was treated in this study. The control group was acclimated in a shorter time, but the experimental group had higher current density and CE. The results indicate that the electro-autotroph process reduced the number of non-bioelectrochemical bacteria but induced the growth of exoelectrogens on the electrode, resulting in the MFCs achieving a higher efficiency.

Adjusting irradiance to enhance growth and lipid production of Chlorella vulgaris cultivated with monosodium glutamate wastewater

Light is one of the most important factors affecting microalgae growth and biochemical composition. The influence of illumination on Chlorella vulgaris cultivated with diluted monosodium glutamate wastewater (MSGW) was investigated. Six progressive illumination intensities (0, 30, 90, 150, 200 and 300μmol·m−2s−1), were used for C. vulgaris cultivation at 25°C. Under 150μmol·m−2s−1, the corresponding specific light intensity of 750×10−6μmol·m−2s−1 per cell, algae obtained the maximum biomass concentration (1.46g·L−1) on the 7th day, which was 3.5 times of that under 0μmol·m−2s−1, and the greatest average specific growth rate (0.79 d−1) in the first 7days. The results showed the importance role of light in mixotrophic growth of C. vulgaris. High light intensities of 200 and 300μmol·m−2s−1 would inhibit microalgae growth to a certain degree. The algal lipid content was the greatest (30.5%) at 150μmol·m−2s−1 light intensity, which was 2.42 times as high as that cultured in dark. The protein content of C. vulgaris decreased at high light intensities of 200 and 300μmol·m−2s−1. The effect of irradiance on carbohydrate content was inversely correlated with that on protein. The available light at an appropriate intensity, not higher than 200μmol·m−2s−1, was feasible for economical cultivation of C. vulgaris in MSGW.

Effect of ammonium-N on malic enzyme and lipid production in Rhodotorula glutinis grown on monosodium glutamate wastewater

Rhodotorula glutinis, an oil producing strain, can utilize monosodium glutamate (MSG) wastewater as a raw material for lipid production. The effects of ammonium-N in the MSG wastewater (ammonium 15,000–25,000 mg/L, COD 30,000–50,000 mg/L) on cell growth, lipid accumulation and malic enzyme activity of R. glutinis have been studied. Four initial ammonium sulfate concentrations in the medium were set, which were 20, 60, 100, and 140 g/L. With an increase in the ammonium sulfate concentration, the uptake of ammonia nitrogen and lipid accumulation increased while the biomass decreased at 72 h. The maximum value of ammonia nitrogen consumption reached 5.77 g/L for an initial ammonium sulfate concentration of 140 g/L at 72 h. In addition, 60 g/L ammonium sulfate concentration may be an appropriate concentration for R. glutinis cultivation. The activity of the malic enzyme was measured and the results showed that there was a linear relationship between the intracellular lipid content and the total malic enzyme activity.

Effects of Ammonium Nitrate and Monosodium Glutamate in Waste Water on the Growth, Antioxidant Activity, and Nitrogen Assimilation of Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)

It has been hypothesized that the uptake of organic as opposed to inorganic nitrogen compounds found in wastewater can be properly substituted for plant nutrients. The objective of this study was to compare effects of applying monosodium glutamate wastewater (MGW) and ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3) (AN) on nitrogen metabolism and growth of lettuce. The results showed that while NH4NO3 (AN), NO3-, nitrite content and NR activity increased the protein content of lettuce. Applying MGW with a high concentration of 17 amino acids and macro- and microelements improved the fresh weights of shoot and root as well as the protein content of lettuce. Antioxidant activities were not affected by AN and MGW, and their interaction effects only increased POD after 8 weeks. In conclusion, substituting a portion of the chemical fertilizers with MGW improved lettuce growth, but did not increase NO3- accumulation in leaves.

The use of concentrated monosodium glutamate wastewater as a conditioning agent for adjusting acidity and minimizing ammonia volatilization in livestock manure composting

In this study, concentrated monosodium glutamate waste (CMGW) was proposed as a conditioning agent to adjust acidity and decrease ammonia (NH3) volatilization in thermophilic aerobic composting based on two incubation experiments. The results showed that with the addition of CMGW, NH3 volatilization of compost mixture under high temperature phase decreased significantly and pH met the current national standard within 5.5–8.5. When CMGW dosage increased to 2% (v/w), the decrease in NH3 volatilization was as high as 78.9%. This effect was enhanced by repeated application of CMGW. Furthermore, although the electrical conductivity increased with the application of CMGW, both the germination index and the microbial respiration of compost mixture implied that CMGW had no negative effects on the maturity of compost, instead, a comprehensive maturity might be accelerated. It was concluded that CMGW was an optional conditioning agent for thermophilic aerobic composting of livestock manure in regards to adjusting acidity and preventing nitrogen loss from NH3 volatilization.

Antibacterial Properties of ZnO/Calcium Alginate Composite and Its Application in Wastewater Treatment.

In this study, the antibacterial activities of ZnO with various morphologies were evaluated. A possible mechanism of antibacterial activities of dumbbell like ZnO was proposed based on the microscopic studies of the interaction between bacterial and dumbbell like ZnO, and also based on the antibacterial activity of ZnO enveloped with semi permeable membrane. Monosodium glutamate (MSG) wastewater and soy sauce wastewater were treated by M. purpureus using ZnO/calcium alginate carrier. The attached and suspended biomass in MSG wastewater reached to 228 mg/g and 74 mg/g, while, the attached and suspended biomass in soy sauce wastewater was 130 mg/g and 66 mg/g, respectively. The levels of chemical oxide demand (COD), biological oxide demand (BOD5), SO4(2-) and NH3-N in the treated MSG wastewater were distinctive lower than those detected in the raw wastewater. This ZnO/calcium alginate carrier method could be utilized as an alternative to the traditional anaerobic/aerobic methods in the application of food processing wastewater treatment.

Effects of a nutrient additive on the density of functional bacteria and the microbial community structure of bioorganic fertilizer

In this study, a secondary composting experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of concentrated monosodium glutamate wastewater (CMGW) as a nutrient additive on enhancing the density of functional bacteria in bioorganic fertilizer (BOF). The results showed that, as the CMGW was added, the composting mixture temperature rose more quickly and strongly, and the functional bacteria Bacillus subtilis F2 percentage in spores increased significantly. Furthermore, both the highest species richness value (Rs) of a given sample and similarity coefficient value (Cs) between a sample and strain F2 based on DGGE analysis were also observed in the treatment with CMGW. A similar effect of CMGW on the microbial community structure was verified by means of illumine-MiSeq sequencing. It may thus be concluded that CMGW is a recommendable nutrient additive for F2 predominating in the secondary composting process.

Research and Application Progress of Yeast in Wastewater Treatment

This paper introduces the characteristics of yeast in the process of wastewater treatment; and introduces the application on treatment of oily sewage, monosodium glutamate wastewater, metal ion wastewater using yeast; finally, this paper analyses the kinetic models of yeasts in wastewater treatment.

Impacts of industrial waste resources on maize (Zea mays L.) growth, yield, nutrients uptake and soil properties

Discharging untreated highly acidic (pH<4.0), organic and nutrients rich monosodium glutamate wastewater (MW), and highly alkaline (pH>10.0) paper-mill wastewater (PW) causes environmental pollution. When acidity of MW neutralized (pH 6.5±0.1) with PW and lime (treatments represented as MW+PW and MW+Lime), then MW may be utilized as a potential source of nutrients and organic carbon for sustainable food production. Objectives of this study were to compare the effects of PW and lime neutralized MW and chemical fertilizers on maize (Zea mays L. cv. Snow Jean) plant growth, yield, nutrients uptake, soil organic matter and humic substances. The field experiment was carried out on maize using MW at 6000Lha−1. Impacts of the MW application on maize crop and soil properties were evaluated at different stages. At harvest, plant height, and plant N and K uptake were higher in MW treatment. Leaf area index at 60days after sowing, plant dry matter accumulation at harvest, and kernels ear−1 and 100-kernel weight were higher in MW+Lime treatment. Kernel N, P, K, Mn, Fe and Zn, and plant Zn uptake were highest in MW+Lime. Plant Fe uptake, and soil organic matter and humic substances were highest in MW+PW. The MW+PW and MW+Lime treatments exhibited comparable results with chemically fertilized treatment. The MW acidity neutralized with lime showed positive impacts on growth, yield and nutrients uptake; nevertheless, when MW pH neutralized with PW has an additional benefit on increase in soil organic matter and humic substances.