Monopulse Secondary Surveillance Research Articles

Implementation of a Transportable Radar Mode S of Monopulse Secondary Surveillance (MSSR-S) for the Peruvian Civil Aviation Surveillance

This article describes the process of implementing a transportable radar MSSR-S for Peruvian civil aviation (ACP) to minimize the operational impact in emergencies that affects air traffic without causing structural damage and restore data from the radar in a short time. In recent years, ACP has shown constant falls in the radars, causing radar data to be lost for long periods of time and putting air safety at risk due to the lack of maintenance and overlapping radar coverage of more than three radars. The deployment of the transportable radar in Mode S of Monopulse Secondary Surveillance (MSSR-S) has allowed for work that involves the prolonged stoppage of the radar to be carried out and provided coverage to eight more radars during maintenance and modernization, covering the areas without coverage in the Peruvian air space (EAP). For the implementation, this was divided into three SPRINTs using the SCRUM methodology; the first sprint refers to the equipment and radar coverage study, the second the implementation and service test phase, and the third the operational analysis phase with the eight modernized radars. As a result of the implementation and integration with the other ACP radar systems, they were able to operate together, providing highly reliable radar data, performing a continuous analysis of radar performance through the PASS software, complying with the thresholds established by ICAO and EuroControl, and guaranteeing that the systems operate under perfect conditions and with full coverage at all time.

FAILURE ANALYSIS OF CHANNEL 1 MONOPULSE SECONDARY SURVEILLANCE RADAR IRS 20 MPS

Radio Detection and Ranging (Radar) is an electromagnetic wave used to monitor the movement of a moving object. RADAR will get information about the height and distance of an object by utilizing electromagnetic waves. Radar is surveillance equipment to monitor the aircraft’s position in the environment around the radar up to a radius of ± 250 NM. This article aims to analyze the surveillance facility at Kualanamu Airport Monopulse Secondary Surveillance Radar (MSSR) INDRA. This paper uses an exploratory study method with descriptive qualitative research to investigate and trace the problem. The problem on the INDRA IRS 20 MPS Radar is offline due to PLN supply maintenance activities, causing the supply voltage on the radar to be unstable. The failure problem on MSSR is due to damage to the Sum Amplifier Unit (SAU) module, which causes the SUM output on the Radar to be abnormal. The result of channel 1 INDRA IRS Radar 20 MPS operation can operate normally again after replacing a new SAU module. The conclusion of the operation of channel 1 INDRA IRS Radar 20 MPS can operate normally again after the replacement of a new SAU module.

Monopulse Secondary Surveillance Radar Coverage-Determinant Factors.

This paper presents a comprehensive study on monopulse secondary surveillance radar (MSSR) coverage. The design and radiation pattern of an improved MSSR antenna is presented herein, highlighting the horizontal and vertical factors of the SUM beam. Moreover, the impact of other determinant factors, such as signal reflection and atmospheric refraction, on the radar coverage were assessed in this work. Real positioning measurement data and coverage simulations were used to support and exemplify theoretical findings.

Low-Cost Measurement for a Secondary Mode S Radar Transmitter

A low-cost, multiple-purpose, and high-precision timing test setup for the measurements of secondary Mode S radar transmission signal was proposed. The goal was to fully guarantee compliance of the proposed transmitter under test with the really hard International Civil Aircraft Organization requirements using traditional measurement equipment, which was difficult or even impossible to ensure up to now. The low-cost structure proposed in this paper allows the user to perform measurements independently of the measurements performed by the pieces of test equipment shelled by the manufacturer of radar, which is a very important aspect since the independence of the verifications is a mandatory requirement established by the safety standards of civil aviation. The proposed setup has been used to verify several transmitters with some defects that are not detected by monopulse secondary surveillance radar specific pieces of test equipment that are focused on more high-level functionalities. It also is valid and it has been used, as a general-purpose setup, for testing other radio navigation aids.

Design and Implementation of an Optimal Receptor for a Non Manipulated MSSR Antenna Electromagnetic Field Reconstruction

While the usual practice on antenna metrology supposes an intense manipulation of the radiation system in order to avoid as much as possible the environmental stochastic variables foreign to ideal radiation conditions, here we propose an algorithm of an observant procedure in which the radiant system is not manipulated at all. An optimal receptor is also proposed, and its viability is shown in the particular case of the metrology of monopulse secondary surveillance radar (MSSR) Antennas. After the study of the characteristics and the error model obtained, the proposed system potentially offers an alternative procedure to traditional methods of measuring MSSR antennas, avoiding the process of stopping its normal operation for an in-depth study.

합/차/부엽 억제 채널을 갖는 모노펄스 보조 감시 레이더(용) 안테나

본 논문에서는 레이더 표적의 피아 식별을 위해 일반적으로 사용되는 모노펄스 보조 감시 레이더용 안테나의 개발 방안 및 결과를 제시하였다. 개발된 안테나는 수동 선형 배열 안테나로서 횡급전기와 다수의 배열 소자로 구성된다. 횡급전기는 포트별로 전력 및 위상비가 최적화된 합, 차 및 부엽 억제 채널을 제공하며, 19개의 배열 소자와 1개의 후방 배열 소자와 연결되어 방위각 방향으로 빔 패턴을 형성한다. 합 채널 빔 패턴의 방위각 최대 부엽 수준은 -20 dBc 이하이며, 부엽 억제 채널 빔 패턴은 합 채널 빔 패턴의 주 빔 이외의 전 영역에서 부엽을 덮도록 한다. 그리고 차 채널 빔 패턴은 방위각 방향의 탐지 정확도를 높이기 위한 모노펄스 기능에 사용된다. 한편, 배열 소자는 고각 방향으로 성형 빔(shaped-beam)을 형성하여 지면으로부터의 강한 클러터 영향 및 다중경로 효과를 억제할 수 있도록 하였다. 개발된 안테나는 산란계수 측정 및 원전계 빔 패턴 시험을 통해 주어진 개발 규격을 모두 잘 만족하는 것을 확인하였다. In this paper, development of the monopulse secondary surveillance radar antenna which can be used for IFF system is presented. This antenna that is passive linear array is comprised of the row-feeder and several array-elements. The row-feeder provides sum, different and SLS(Sidelobe Supression) channels which are optimized the distribution of the power and phase ratio. The azimuthe sidelobe level of the sum channel beam pattern is -20 dBc or less. The SLS channel covers the sidelobe of the sum-chanel in the whole azimuth angle range. And the difference channel is used to perform the mono-pulse function, improves the detection accuracy in the azimuth direction. Meanwhile, the arrayelement makes shaped beam in the elevation angle, in order to eliminate the clutter and multipath effects from the ground. Performance of the antenna developed is verified by the measurement of S-parameters and far-field beam pattern, and satisfies all of the development specifications well.

Basic functional requirements and results for an MSSR on-site evaluator based on RF target injection

Modern quality control in radar systems is based on the input of known signals into the radar chain. These signals are used in a remote air traffic control centre to determine the current parameters of the radar system. In this framework, the paper describes the functional requirements of a monopulse secondary surveillance radar (MSSR) evaluator based on RF target injection. In particular, those aspects concerning the reply generation function are described. The azimuth of the emulated plot can be affected by different error sources which are not due to the radar extractor but are related to the generation and injection process. Errors in the amplitude and phase of Σ and Δ result in azimuth errors and must be kept to a minimum. Synchronisation with the turn of the antenna will also lead to unavoidable azimuth errors. These error sources are studied, and three different data analyses carried out on real radar are also presented.

Contracts

The Civil Aviation Administration of Norway (Luftfartsverket) has awarded a contract valued at approximately £4m to Cossor for the first phase of the Norwegian Radar Project. The scope of the contract is to supply Monopulse Secondary Surveillance Radar and Primary Radar for three sites with options for six further sites.

Computer techniques for air-traffic-control radar

The computer techniques used in the latest generation of monopulse secondary surveillance radars, currently being adopted by authorities throughout the world for air-traffic-control, must be reliable and give clear and unambiguous information