Monolayer Composition Research Articles

Interfacial Enrichment of Lauric Acid Assisted by Long-Chain Fatty Acids, Acidity and Salinity at Sea Spray Aerosol Surfaces.

Surfactant monolayers at sea spray aerosol (SSA) surfaces regulate various atmospheric processes including gas transfer, cloud interactions, and radiative properties. Most experimental studies of SSA employ a simplified surfactant mixture of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) as a proxy for the sea surface microlayer or SSA surface. However, medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) make up nearly 30% of the FA fraction in nascent SSA. Given that LCFA monolayers are easily disrupted upon the introduction of chemical heterogeneity (such as mixed chain lengths), simple FA proxies are unlikely to represent realistic SSA interfaces. Integrating experimental and computational techniques, we characterize the impact that partially soluble MCFAs have on the properties of atmospherically relevant LCFA mixtures. We explore the extent to which the MCFA lauric acid (LA) is surface stabilized by varying acidity, salinity, and monolayer composition. We also discuss the impacts of pH on LCFA-assisted LA retention, where the presence of LCFAs may shift the surface-adsorption equilibria of laurate─the conjugate base─toward higher surface activities. Molecular dynamic simulations suggest a mechanism for the enhanced surface retention of laurate. We conclude that increased FA heterogeneity at SSA surfaces promotes surface activity of soluble FA species, altering monolayer phase behavior and impacting climate-relevant atmospheric processes.

Adhesion promotion and corrosion resistance of mixed phosphonic acid monolayers on AA 2024

Mixed monolayers were used to prepare surfaces of AA 2024 with precisely controlled corrosion protective and adhesive properties. In this study, the corrosion inhibition and adhesion promotion as a function of the composition of mixed phosphonic acid monolayers on AA 2024 was investigated. Mixed monolayers were formed by competitive adsorption of n-dodecylphosphonic acid (DPA) and 12-aminododecylphosphonic acid (ADPA) from ethanolic solution. Their compositions were determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Atomic force microscopy studies and polarization modulation infrared reflection–absorption spectroscopy as well as contact angle studies proved the formation of monolayers with varying surface chemistry. The wet-adhesion strength was tested by 90° peel tests after application of an epoxy-amine adhesive. Linear sweep voltammetry was performed to evaluate the corrosion inhibition of the monolayers, and the corrosion resistance of the metal/adhesive composite was investigated by means of its corrosive delamination behavior. The electrochemical measurements demonstrated that reducing the surface concentration of ADPA improved the corrosion inhibition of the monolayer. However, the corrosive delamination experiments revealed that the improved corrosion inhibition by the self-organized DPA is of minor importance for the corrosion behavior of the metal/adhesive composite, as the adhesive properties dominate.

Fabrication of a novel biomaterial of mono-layer of halloysite nanotube-magnesium oxide/ β-tricalcium phosphate composite on implant substrate: Structural and biological properties

In the present study, a novel composite coating consisting of magnesium oxide on halloysite nanotube (HNT-MgO) and doping of zinc and strontium ions in beta-tricalcium phosphate (Mn+-β-TCP). The monolayers of biomaterials were developed by coating HNT-MgO-Mn+-β-TCP on Ti–6Al–4V alloy using the electrophoretic method. The physicochemical properties such as functional groups, phase composition, surface morphology, cross-section, and chemical composition of biomaterials were characterized by adopted analytical techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction analysis, Scanning electron microscopy-Energy dispersive spectroscopy, Atomic force microscopy, High-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The cytotoxic activity of the prepared composite was tested against osteosarcoma MG-63 cells using MTT assay, and AO/EB staining the results clearly showed, that by increasing the composite concentration (5–100 μg/ml) the cell viability was reduced. Further, a cell adhesion study was performed by FE-SEM analysis, which showed that the MG-63 cells could inhibit and restrict the HNT-MgO-Mn+-β-TCP monolayer composite. The composite coating confirms the significant anticancer activity against osteosarcoma cells suggesting it is a promising candidate for further studies for practical orthopedic applications.

Optimizing energy storage density of the multi–layer composite of poly(vinylidene fluoride) and nano–Ni plated CaCu3Ti4O12 with an ultralow filling content

Surface modification of nanoceramics with high dielectric constant can increase dielectric constant of polymer composites voiding excessive dielectric loss, however, low discharged energy density (Ud) of composites at a low loading limits potential applications in high–energy–storage devices under low electric field. Herein, Ni–plated CaCu3Ti4O12 nanoparticle (CCTO@Ni) is used to improve the electric properties of the poly(vinylidene fluoride) monolayer composites (C/PVDF), and an ultralow loading of 0.5 vol% promotes the largest Ud of 2.53 J/cm3 at 230 MV/m, resulting from MWS interface polarization and Coulomb barrier effect included by CCTO@Ni fillers, which is used to further prepare three kinds of multi–layer structured C/PVDF composites by solution casting layer by layer. Comprehensive testing shows that the PVDF–C/PVDF–PVDF–C/PVDF–PVDF five–layer film (P–C–P–C–P) enhances the dielectric constant and breakdown strength to contribute the maximal Ud of 6.65 J/cm3 at 297.8 MV/m, which is 118% larger than that of pure PVDF. Above excellent characteristics are attributed to the interface polarization of the middle C/PVDF layer and the alleviating and blocking effect of the middle and outer PVDF layers, which are clarified in depth by the finite element simulation and enhanced breakdown model.

The Role of Surface in Hydride Formation Processes

Several LaNi5-based hydrogen storage alloys were studied using secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) technique. Ar+ ions with the energy of 10 - 18 keV were used as primary ions. The study of the initial stages of the processes of LaNi5-based alloys interaction with hydrogen under the experimental conditions showed that on the areas of clean surface, hydrogen formed chemical compounds with the both of the main components of the alloy: nickel and lanthanum. As hydrogen accumulates on the surface and in the near-surface region, a hydrogen-containing structure is formed, which is characterized by a certain stoichiometric ratio of components. Nickel in this structure has strong chemical bonds with two hydrogen atoms, and lanthanum – with two or more hydrogen atoms. Along with such compounds, some structures with lower hydrogen content are also formed. The formed hydrogen-containing structure includes both main alloy components, La and Ni for all the studied samples, even though only lanthanum is generally accepted to be the hydride-forming element in such alloys. The SIMS studies of the chemical composition of the surface monolayers of the intermetallic alloy LaNi5, in the process of its interaction with oxygen, showed the following. As a result of the oxygen interaction with the alloy, a complex chemical structure including oxygen, lanthanum and nickel is formed on the surface and in the near-surface region of LaNi5. Oxygen in such a structure, similarly to hydrogen, forms strong chemical bonds with both components of the alloy. This is indicated by the presence in the mass spectra of a large set of oxygen-containing emissions of positive and negative secondary ions with lanthanum and nickel, as well as oxygen-containing lanthanum-nickel cluster secondary ions. The formed oxide compounds have a three-dimensional structure and occupy tens of monolayers. Oxygen poisoning of the surface of the hydride-forming alloy LaNi5 can occur regardless of whether the surface of the alloy was clean from the very beginning or it was covered with a layer of hydrogen-containing chemical compounds.

Culture media and format alter cellular composition and barrier integrity of porcine colonoid-derived monolayers

ABSTRACT Intestinal organoid technology has revolutionized our approach to in vitro cell culture due in part to their three-dimensional structures being more like the native tissue from which they were derived with respect to cellular composition and architecture. For this reason, organoids are becoming the new gold standard for undertaking intestinal epithelial cell research. Unfortunately, their otherwise advantageous three-dimensional geometry prevents easy access to the apical epithelium, which is a major limitation when studying interactions between dietary or microbial components and host tissues. To overcome this problem, we developed porcine colonoid-derived monolayers cultured on both permeable Transwell inserts and tissue culture treated polystyrene plates. We found that seeding density and culture format altered the expression of genes encoding markers of specific cell types (stem cells, colonocytes, goblets, and enteroendocrine cells), and barrier maturation (tight junctions). Additionally, we found that changes to the formulation of the culture medium altered the cellular composition of colonoids and of monolayers derived from them, resulting in cultures with an increasingly differentiated phenotype that was similar to that of their tissue of origin.

Composition and sequence-controlled conductance of crystalline unimolecular monolayers.

Understanding how the charge travels through sequence-controlled molecules has been a formidable challenge because of simultaneous requirements in well-controlled synthesis and well-manipulated orientation. Here, we report electrically driven simultaneous synthesis and crystallization as a general strategy to study the conductance of composition and sequence-controlled unioligomer and unipolymer monolayers. The structural disorder of molecules and conductance variations on random positions can be extremely minimized, by uniform synthesis of monolayers unidirectionally sandwiched between electrodes, as an important prerequisite for the reproducible measurement on the micrometer scale. These monolayers show tunable current density and on/off ratios in four orders of magnitude with controlled multistate and massive negative differential resistance (NDR) effects. The conductance of monolayer mainly depends on the metal species in homo-metal monolayers, while the sequence becomes a matter in hetero-metal monolayers. Our work demonstrates a promising way to release an ultra-rich variety of electrical parameters and optimize the functions and performances of multilevel resistive devices.

Nano-scale "sticky tape" stabilizes open-edge boundary conditions in MD simulations of asymmetric membranes.

Recent advances in membrane biophysics have driven deeper investigations into lipid bilayer asymmetry and its biological implications. Molecular dynamics simulations of asymmetric membranes have recently highlighted the potential role of differential stress in regulating membrane elastic moduli and phase behavior, in addition to the already known composition asymmetries. The vast majority of MD simulations of membranes are flat, tensionless, fully periodic geometries, which artificially suppress membrane bending even in the presence of a non-vanishing net torque. In order to allow a membrane to relax to its true equilibrium curvature state determined by a sensitive balance of monolayer area strains and spontaneous curvatures, it is desirable to simulate with periodicity in only one direction with open edges along the other. However, lipid flip-flop over the open edges rapidly destroys any membrane asymmetry. We present a technique for maintaining membrane asymmetry with open edges by applying “sticky tape” to the membrane edges parallel to the direction of periodicity to prevent flip-flop. By varying lipid number asymmetry at fixed monolayer compositions, this free-curvature technique can be used to determine the voluntarily flat state of an asymmetric membrane, which can be transferred to fully periodic conditions for production. By monitoring membrane curvature as a function of number asymmetry in composition-symmetric systems, monolayer spontaneous curvatures can be deduced without the need to calculate lateral stress profiles and relate their moments to continuum theory. Importantly, this method does not significantly impact the structure of the fluid lipid phase in the bulk. We present this technique using the ultra-coarse-grained Cooke lipid model, but the concept is easily transferable to more finely-resolved models, allowing for simultaneously area- and curvature-relaxed membrane simulations.

The composition of fusogenic lipid mixtures at the air-water modulates the physicochemical properties changes upon interaction with lysicamine

Knowing how a bioactive compound interacts with cell membranes is important to understand its effect at the molecular level. In this sense, this work aimed to study the interaction of lysicamine, an alkaloid with action against lung cancer cell lines, with lipid monolayers as cell membrane models. We employed two lipid mixtures: the first composed of 35% DOPC, 30% DOPE, 20% sphingomyelin, and 15% cholesterol as healthy cell membranes models (MM1), and the second replacing DOPC with DOPS as cancer cells models (MM2). The interaction of lysicamine with the monolayers was evaluated using tensiometry, Brewster angle microscopy (BAM), and polarization-modulated infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS). Lysicamine had interfacial effects in both membrane models. For MM 1, it expanded the lipid monolayer and changed the interfacial rheological properties, increasing the in-plane elasticity of the films. PM-IRRAS spectra suggested a higher conformational disorder of the alkyl chains of the lipids. For MM 2, lysicamine also shifted the isotherms to higher areas, expanding the monolayers, but with no significant alteration in their interfacial rheological properties. PM-IRRAS spectra also suggested higher disorder in the orientation of the lipid alkyl chains upon lysicamine incorporation. For both models, BAM did not show alteration in interfacial aggregation upon drug incorporation. In conclusion, changes in some interfacial properties of membrane models caused by lysicamine depend on the monolayer composition, which can be associated with its bioactivity in cellular membranes.

Recent progress of dielectric polymer composites for bionics

Natural structures, natural phenomena, animal and plant forms, and human behavior always provide us with inspiration and stimulate more creativity. The design and application of dielectric polymer composites that can be utilized to fabricate artificial muscles show great potential in the field of bionics. However, great challenges still exist, which severely prevent the development of dielectric polymer composites. In this review, we systematically surveyed recent advancements in nature-inspired monolayer and multilayer dielectric polymer composites with excellent properties, as well as the description of their structures and characteristics. In addition, we further discussed the applications of such composites in integrated systems for the development of bionic robotics, healthcare and biomedical applications. Moreover, an in-depth analysis of challenges and prospects in this field was also provided. Mimicking nature has become essential for the design and application of dielectric polymer composites, and we believe this approach will drive continued advances in the intelligent and medical industries.

Development and Evaluation of Copper Based Transparent Heat Reflectors Obtained by Magnetron Sputtering.

Within the next few years climate change is likely to become a major concern for mankind. In addition, the current electronic components shortage crisis has led to an urgent need for alternative solutions in the main industry sectors (the raw materials, manufacturing, and construction industries). The current trends of research are focused on developing smart materials with functional properties, using abundant raw materials. The energy saving efforts are sustained in the glazing industries by several approaches based on dielectric-metal-dielectric multilayer structures. The use of silver to achieve a high reflectivity in near-infrared spectral range has been proposed and is already adopted as a commercially available solution. This work is focused on developing a transparent heat reflector (THR) with prefigured optical properties, using copper as a reflective layer, a material that is more abundant and cheaper than silver. The conductive copper layers obtained by the High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering (HiPIMS) method were interposed between two silicon nitride layers deposited by the Radio-Frequency Magnetron Sputtering (RFMS) technique. The structural, optical, and elemental composition of monolayers was investigated, qualifying each individual material for use in the multilayer structure. The time stability of films deposited on microscope glass substrates was also investigated, as an important criterion for the selection of monolayers. The obtained results revealed that the SiNx/Cu/SiNx with the Cu layer deposited by using a negative substrate bias of −100 V showed the most stable behavior over time. Optical modeling was performed to design a THR multilayer structure, which was successfully obtained experimentally. A maximum optical transparency as high as 75% in the visible range and a reflectivity of ~ 85% in near infrared spectral interval was confirmed for the experimentally obtained multilayer structures.

Characteristics of Phospholipid-Immunosuppressant-Antioxidant Mixed Langmuir-Blodgett Films.

Hemocompatibility is one of the major criteria for the successful cardiovascular applicability of novel biomaterials. In this context, monolayers of certain biomolecules can be used to improve surface biocompatibility. To this end, biocoatings incorporating a phospholipid (1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, DOPC), an immunosuppressant (cyclosporine A, CsA), and an antioxidant material (lauryl gallate, LG) were fabricated by depositing Langmuir films onto gold or mica substrates using the Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) technique. These LB monolayers were thoroughly characterized by means of quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and contact angle (CA) measurements. The obtained results indicate that the properties of these LB films are modulated by the monolayer composition. The presence of LG in the three-component systems (DOPC–CsA–LG) increases the molecular packing and the surface coverage of the substrate, which affects the wettability of the biocoating. From the different compositions studied here, we conclude that DOPC–CsA–LG monolayers with a DOPC/CsA ratio of 1:1 and LG molar fractions of 0.50 and 0.75 exhibit improved surface biocompatible characteristics. These results open up new perspectives on our knowledge and better understanding of phenomena at the biomaterial/host interface.

Thermal transport properties of monolayer GeS and SnS: A comparative study based on machine learning and SW interatomic potential models

Phonon transport properties of two-dimensional materials can play a crucial role in the thermal management of low-dimensional electronic devices and thermoelectric applications. In this study, both the empirical Stillinger–Weber (SW) and machine learning interatomic potentials are employed to investigate the lattice thermal conductivity of monolayer GeS and SnS through solving the phonon Boltzmann transport equation. The accuracy of the two types of interatomic potentials and their performance for the evaluation of thermal conductivity are verified by analyzing phonon harmonic and anharmonic properties. Our results indicate that the thermal conductivity can be predicted more accurately with a machine learning approach, while the SW potential gives rise to an overestimated value for both monolayers. In addition, the in-plane anisotropy of thermal transport properties existing in these monolayers can be confirmed by both potential models. Moreover, the origins of the deviation existing in calculated thermal conductivities, including both the effects of interatomic potential models and monolayer compositions, are elucidated through uncovering the underlying phonon transport mechanisms. This study highlights that in contrast to the machine learning approach, more careful verification is required for the simulation of thermal transport properties when empirical interatomic potential models are employed.

Dielectric, piezoelectric and magnetic behavior of CoFe2O4/BNT–BT0.08 monolayer thin films composites

We report in this paper on the monolayer composites thin films that have the magnetic spinel CoFe2O4 and the piezoelectric perovskite BNT-BT0.08 as constituent phases. Composite thin films of CoFe2O4 and BNT-BT0.08, with molar ratios of 0.5:1, 1:1 and 1.5:1, have been deposited by spin coating method from a sol precursor, mixture type, of CoFe2O4 and BNT-BT0.08. The monolayer thin films, deposited on Si/SiO2/TiO2/Pt substrate, were characterized using selected methods, such as: X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy/piezoelectric force microscopy, dielectric spectroscopy, and vibrating sample magnetometer. X-ray diffraction demonstrated the two phases: cubic CoFe2O4 and rhombohedral BNT-BT0.08. Furthermore, the Si/SiO2/TiO2/Pt/BNT-BT0.08/CoFe2O4 monolayers show a simultaneous enhancement of both the magnetization and coercivity with the increase of the magnetic phase, accompanied by a decrease of the dielectric constant. The obtained results reveal that the investigated monolayer structures present superior properties compared to those of bilayer composites.

Cover Feature: Tailored Lipid Monolayers Doped with Gold Nanoclusters: Surface Studies and Electrochemistry of Hybrid‐film‐covered Electrodes (ChemElectroChem 9/2022)

The Cover Feature illustrates the biological–nonbiological hybrid monolayer composed of lipids and gold nanoclusters, Au25(SC4)180 prepared at the air - water interface and transferred onto ITO surface. The Langmuir–Blodgett technique allows to design the mixed monolayer composition and together with AFM and electrochemistry shows the changes of the lipid monolayer organization and properties upon increasing dilution of the AuNCs sites in the lipid matrix. More information can be found in the Research Article by A. Wieckowska, E. Jablonowska, M. Dzwonek, M. Jaskolowski and R. Bilewicz.

The assembly of amitriptyline hydrochloride + triton X-45 (non-ionic surfactant) mixtures: Effects of simple salt and urea

In this work, the surface and micellization behavior of amitriptyline hydrochloride (AMT) and a triton X-45 (TX-45) surfactant were studied in detail by surface tension measurement in the presence of simple salt NaCl and urea at 298.15 K. The mixtures of amphiphiles were analyzed by varying their compositions. The critical micelle concentration (cmc and cmc*), activity coefficients, interaction parameters, minimum area per molecule, interfacial adsorption, packing parameter (P), and various thermodynamic parameters for AMT + TX-45 mixtures with and without NaCl and urea at 298.15 K have been determined. Clint’s, Rubingh’s, and Maeda’s models were used to analyze the results. The findings indicate attractive interactions in the AMT and non-ionic TX-45 mixture and suggest effective participation of the TX-45 when mixtures are employed in the absence and presence of additives. The average micellar composition of surfactant (X1Ru), along with mixed monolayer composition of TX-45 (X1σ) value, in every solvent used contained over 70% TX-45, demonstrating that mixed mixed micelles and mixed monolayers contain much more TX-45 than AMT. In general, NaCl enhanced the micellization and surface activity, whereas urea lessened the activity of the studied system. UV–visible and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy were also used to extract information on the interaction of AMT and TX-45 in aqueous solution. The current study aims to use TX-45 as an efficacious drug delivery vehicle for antidepressant drugs.

Superhydrophobic and thermally conductive carbon black/hexagonal boron nitride@Fe3O4/cellulose composite paper for electromagnetic interference shielding

Herein, a series of superhydrophobic thin polyacrylic resin-coated carbon black (CB)/hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN)@Fe3O4/cellulose composite papers with good flexibility, low density (~0.67 g/cm3), high electrical conductivity (~0.065 S/cm), good thermal conductivity (0.462 W.m−1. K−1), and with water contact angle (WCA) of 153° were successfully fabricated by a facile dip-coating/spraying method. The CB-BN@Fe3O4 distribution in cellulose matrix provided high electrical conductivity in the in-plane and thickness directions. The electrical conductivity in both in-plane and thickness directions increased by increasing the number of vacuum-assisted dip-coating cycles. Moreover, these composites exhibited excellent electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) in the frequency range of 8.2–12.4 GHz. The absorption was the main mechanism for attenuation of EM waves for this composite paper. A multilayer of this composite with 12 wt% filler exhibited a higher EMI SE of 68.2 dB compared to its monolayer composite. The composites showed good thermal stability and excellent stability against washing and 150 times bending tests. Overall, this study proposes that polyacrylic resin-coated CB/BN@Fe3O4/cellulose papers can be used as wallpaper in buildings such as hospitals and antenna rooms that are exposed to electromagnetic waves.

Adsorption Properties and Composition of Binary Kolliphor Mixtures at the Water-Air Interface at Different Temperatures.

The studies on the adsorption properties and composition of the adsorbed monolayer at the water–air interface of the binary Kolliphor® ELP (ELP) and Kolliphor® RH 40 (RH40) mixtures based on the measurements of the surface tension (γLV) of their aqueous solution in the temperature range from 293 to 318 K were carried out. The γLV isotherms were described by the exponential function of the second order and the Szyszkowski equation as well as predicted by Fainerman and Miller equation. The obtained γLV isotherms were analyzed using the exponential function of the second order, the Szyszkowski, Fainerman and Miller as well as independent adsorption equations. The γLV isotherms were also used for determination of the Gibbs surface excess concentration of RH40, ELP and their mixture (Γ) at the water–air interface as well as the mixed monolayer composition. Based on Γ and the constant a in the Szyszkowski equation, the standard thermodynamic functions of adsorption were considered. From the consideration dealing with the γLV isotherms obtained by us, it results, among others, that these isotherms for the non-ideal solution of macromolecular surfactants mixture can be predicted using the Fainerman and Miller equation. From this consideration, it also results that a simple method proposed by us, based on the isotherms of RH40 and ELP, allows us to predict the composition of their mixed monolayer in the whole concentration range of RH40 and ELP in the bulk phase.

SIMS STUDY OF THE TiFe ALLOY INTERACTION WITH OXYGEN

Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) analysis is used to investigate the composition of surface monolayers of the hydride forming intermetallic TiFe alloy during its interaction with oxygen. Oxygen, which is chemisorbed on the surface, is shown to form strong chemical bonds with both alloy components. As a result, on the surface and in the subsurface region of the alloy, a joint oxide structure forms with a certain stoichiometric ratio between titanium, iron and oxygen. With an increasing partial pressure of oxygen in the oxide structure being formed, the ratio of the number of oxygen atoms to the number of matrix atoms increases. This process occurs uniformly without any abrupt phase transformations.

Composition, functionality and structural correlates of mixed lipid monolayers at air-water interface

Physicochemical properties of lipid monolayer depend on its composition where a blend of lipids exhibit superior behaviour than the individual component. Surface pressure ( π ) – area ( A ) isotherms of mixed monolayer (PC mix ) formed by dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), palmitoleylphosphatidylcholine (POPC), soyphosphatidylcholine (SPC) and hydrogenated soy phosphatidylcholine (HSPC) in combination with 30 mole % cholesterol (Chol) were obtained by using Langmuir trough. Effects of dipalmitoylphosphatidyethanolamine (DPPE) on its mutual miscibility at the air-water interface with DPPC ​+ ​Chol, POPC ​+ ​Chol, HSPC ​+ ​Chol and SPC ​+ ​Chol were also investigated separately, followed by studying the effects of DPPE and dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol (DPPG) to PC mix ​+ ​Chol and PC mix ​+ ​DPPE ​+ ​Chol respectively. Lift-off area, minimum molecular area, excess molecular area, collapse pressure, Gibbs free energy of interfacial mixing, compressibility modulii values were evaluated by analyzing the isotherms. Deviations from the ideal mixing behaviours were dependent on the composition of the lipid blends. Surface dilatational rheology studies could assess monolayer elasticity, whereas the film morphologies were analysed by Brewster angle microscopic (BAM) studies. DPPC induced formation of condensed monolayer, whereas film rigidity was increased with the incorporation of DPPE and DPPG into mixed systems. Interactions among the lipid components of the investigated mixed systems were thoroughly discussed from the point of view of polar head and acyl chain saturation and obtained results follow the sequence: PC mix ​+ ​DPPE ​+ ​DPPG ​+ ​Chol ​> ​PC mix ​+ ​DPPE ​+ ​Chol ​> ​individual PC ​+ ​DPPE ​+ ​Chol which could be translated into the bilayer studies. Such investigation of mixed lipid is important for class of its own composition and combined results are expected to contribute in better understanding the interaction of selected lipid in proposed blend.