Power Supply Monitoring Research Articles

Stability analysis of power system under n-1 contingency condition

Several voltage stability indices (VSIs) have been developed to assess the potential for voltage collapse. However, certain indexes are computationally costly. Meanwhile, some have been noted to underperform across various conditions. This work proposes a novel line index called the super voltage stability index (SVSI) to calculate the system's voltage stability margin (VSM). The suggested approach is based on the transmission system's two bus systems. The reactive power loss and N-1 contingency conditions to voltage sensitivity is a unique calculation approach used in this study to identify voltage instability. Day to day, the demand for electric power is being increased due to incessant increments in technology and population growth. Therefore, the power system networks are under pressure. The operational conditions of transmission system networks are affected at this point, which may result in voltage collapse. Regular monitoring of power supply is essential to avert voltage collapse. The effectiveness of the suggested index has been assessed using the IEEE 5 and 30-bus systems across diverse operating scenarios, including variations in active and reactive power loading as well as single line losses. The findings indicate that SVSI provides a more reliable indication of the proximity to voltage collapse when compared to conventional line VSIs.

State monitoring of switching power supply in power system based on time series voltage waveform and image analysis

AbstractThe switching power supply is widely used in the secondary equipment of the power grid. The failure of the switching power supply will cause the protection device to malfunction, leading to a risk of large‐scale power failure. In this paper, a real‐time monitoring method based on only output voltage information is proposed. The experiment shows that this parameter‐reduced approach, relying only on voltage information, outperforms the existing method in detection accuracy.

Smart Auto Changeover, Power Supply Monitoring, and Controlling using Iot

The basic idea for the development of this topic is to provide safety to the not only hospital but also sensitive areas like ICU’s, government offices. Automatic changeover for single-phase load is an electrical control panel that can give uninterrupted power supply for single-phase load under fault conditions of any one of the phases in the system. It is capable to transfer the load from the main supply to the auxiliary supply during fault. This paper presents a prototype of automatic changeover of single-phase load. The control panel does not require any other secondary supply to operate itself.

THE MAIN REQUIREMENTS OF CLOUD COMPUTING MONITORING FOR PRIMARY MEASURING CONVERTERS OF THE POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM WITH SPECIFIC LOADS

Large-scale measures are being taken in the republic to further improve the energy sector, the widespread use of renewable energy sources, as well as the creation of elements, devices and a complex for monitoring the quality indicators of reactive power of electricity supply systems. The article discusses the development and requirements of converters of quantities and parameters for Cloud Computing monitoring of power supply with a unified output value in the form of secondary voltage.

Reference-free power supply monitor with enhanced robustness against process and temperature variations

Power supply noise in current nanometer technologies represents a growing risk, specially because of the uncertainties it produces in the critical paths delays which can result in erroneous computations. Also, these very short variations can affect the functionality of analog circuits like a comparator or an ADC. To tackle with these issues and to have a better power management, on-line power supply monitors have become one common solution. Traditional approaches use an external reference, are very sensitive to temperature and process variations or present high latency. In this work we propose a 3 sigma monitor with a novel detector circuitry that employs a feedback loop that works without an external reference and it is hardened against temperature and process variations. The sensor was designed in the 40 nm CMOS technology node, operating at 1.1 V and has been validated for a temperature range of 0∘C to 85∘C covering all process corners. Also, considering the 3σ confidence, the sensor is able to detect over/undershoots voltage fluctuations up to 2 GHz in the range of -70 mV to +90 mV from the nominal voltage with a maximum latency of 1.1 ns and an energy consumption per measurement of 0.8 pJ.

Development of a Power Supply Monitoring System for Rural Housholds in the Central Region Of Russia

Development of a Power Supply Monitoring System for Rural Housholds in the Central Region Of Russia

The upgrade to the EAST poloidal field power supply monitoring system

This paper presents the architecture and the implementation of the upgraded Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) Poloidal Field Power Supply (PFPS) monitoring system. To meet the requirements of EAST long pulse discharge, the monitoring system has been upgraded based on experimental physics and industrial control system (EPICS) and MDSplus. It provides an integrated management of supervision, data acquisition and real-time control. The program is flexible and portable, which improves the system performance. The I/O interrupt mechanism of the device support module is used to read the updated data, which reduces the network communication load. Asynchronous Driver Support (AsynDriver) is used to develop the device's specific interfacing code for the DAQ card driver, simplify writing of drivers and make the program more reliable. The HMI is developed using Control System Studio (CSS). During the experiment, the collect data is stored in the archiving system from PFPS system and sent to the MDSplus data server at the same time, so that the operator can view and analyze the online data and offline data. The upgraded monitoring system provides a general design scheme, which can be well integrated into the control system. The experimental results show the system realizes the remote operation and monitoring of equipment of PFPS and provides a friendly human-machine interface, supports multiuser operation.

Design of monitoring system for redundant communication power supply based on ZigBee

Aiming at the problems of poor maintenance effect and large measurement error of traditional communication power supply monitoring system, a redundant communication power supply monitoring system based on ZigBee is designed. The sensor and power supply cable are installed, the battery working state parameters are collected and cleaned, compressed and fused. The MSP430F149 single chip microcomputer is used to realize the high-speed processing of field information and optimize the configuration of hardware structure. The software maintenance process of the complete redundant communication power supply monitoring system is designed. The logic editing technology is used to correct, adjust and improve the system software. The mathematical model of hardware maintenance is established. The most reasonable monitoring and measurement of redundant communication power supply is calculated by ZigBee method to realize the effective monitoring of communication power supply. The experimental results show that the hardware operation effect of the design system is good, and the measurement error can be effectively reduced.

RF-CO2 laser RF power supply monitoring platform

射频电源是RF-CO2激光器中的一个重要部件。在开发一个新的RF-CO2激光器时，由于激光器负载和射频电源匹配失调，在调试过程中容易造成射频功放功率管击穿、烧损。为解决这一问题，设计了一套集数据采集、自动保护控制和可视化技术为一体的RF-CO2激光器射频电源监控平台。平台采用软件和硬件相结合的方式，在射频电源中嵌入控制模块，搭建数据采集系统和自动保护系统，并结合电路设计软件平台完成对射频电源的数据信息采集和保护控制。经过实验测试，平台可以有效避免射频电源功率管的损坏，实现射频电源的自动保护，并完成射频电源系统的数据采集和远程保护控制，缩短了RF-CO2激光器的调试周期，提高了整机的开发效率。

Research on Acceptance and Testing Scheme of Intelligent Distributed Feeder Automation System

The intelligent distributed FA uses the peer-to-peer communication network between distribution terminals to realize the information exchange between terminals, and uses the line fault state quantity differential and bus fault state quantity differential to realize the fault monitoring, fault isolation and non-fault area restoration of power supply. In the distribution automation system, the proportion of terminals with intelligent distributed FA function is increasing. How to test and accept such terminals has become a research hotspot. This paper introduces the basic test contents of testing intelligent distributed FA through simulation system, and expounds the ideas and methods of test and acceptance in detail. Some suggestions are given for the test and acceptance of intelligent distributed FA terminal, which can be used for reference to improve the test standard and batch test.

Online Estimation of the Current Ripple on a Saturating Eerrite-Core Inductor in a Boost Converter.

In this paper, a nonlinear observer is proposed for the estimation of the current ripple in a ferrite-core inductor working in partial saturation, mounted on a boost converter. The estimator is based on a recently proposed nonlinear inductance model, which expresses the inductance as a function of the inductor current, taking into account also the non-negligible effects of the core temperature. The proposed observer is implemented on a low-cost microcontroller and tested, both offline and online, on a real boost converter with different operating conditions. The offline tests show a satisfactory estimation accuracy both during the electrical (fast) and thermal (slow) transients. Due to the high microcontroller latency, some delays and inaccuracies occur during electrical transients in the online tests. This work suggests that, in order to exploit the observer for control purposes, the target architecture should be a high-performance microcontroller, a system-on-chip, or a field programmable gate array, where parallelism can be exploited to speed-up the computations. The proposed implementation can be instead suitable for switch-mode power supply (SMPS) monitoring purposes.

Optimization Research of Power Supply and Distribution Monitoring System Based on PLC

With the continuous development of comprehensive and multi-functional power distribution system, the reliability of power distribution system has higher and higher requirements. Therefore, it is particularly important to strengthen the real-time monitoring of power supply and distribution system. We choose PLC controller as the control core, and build the building automation power supply and distribution platform by matching with frequency converter, sensor and other equipment. We mainly take the district distribution room as the basic research object, design and optimize the monitoring system with automatic detection function. In this paper, S7-300 PLC is used as the core controller. Through the control program design and WinCC monitoring interface, the field monitoring is realized, and the realization of graphics monitoring system is discussed.

Alarm System for EAST Poloidal Field Power Supply

The poloidal field (PF) power supply is an important subsystem of the EAST (Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak as the device status detection and protection are essential. The PF power supply monitor system is based on the Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System and the human machine interface is the Control System Studio (CSS). The alarm is a plugin of CSS, used to help operators take correct action at the correct time. This technical note creates the alarm system, including server, client, Java Message Service interface, and relational database and configures the alarm attribute and sets the action for all variables that may trigger the alarm. When the alarm is triggered, the system goes into fault mode, the alarm server sends mail or pops up a window automatically to prompt operators, and some actions may be executed automatically to protect the device. Then operators solve the fault according to the guidance and the system returns to normal, realizing device status monitoring and protection in real time. The EAST experiment shows the alarm system has better function and stable performance.

Passive MEMS DC Electric Current Sensor: Part II–Experimental Verifications

This paper, the second part of two companion papers, reports experimental methodology and verification results based on the prototype device of the proposed passive MEMS dc current sensor in Part I. The relationship between output voltages and crucial factors, such as the relative position of the sensor to the two-wire appliance cord, different connection modes of the PZT partition plates, as well as the applied dc current has been characterized. The experimental methodology mainly includes those of how to position the sensor device, how to determine the measurement range for sensitivity characterization, and how to electrically connect the PZT partition plates in different modes. Sensitivity characteristics were studied in ac current from 8 to 400 mA and in dc current from 0.5 to 3 A, respectively. Two typical connection modes, i.e., in series and parallel, were investigated with ten PZT partition plates. In the case of dc current, the waveforms of the output voltage in the individual PZT plate were studied in detail. First, the initial peak voltages corresponding to ON–OFF switching of dc current can be clearly characterized with a higher amplitude (relatively lower frequency) for turning ON and a lower one (relatively higher frequency) for turning OFF. Second, the measured peak voltages are smaller than the analytical ones, but showing similar increasing tendency with the increasing of the dc current. In light of the above-mentioned experimental verifications, the proposed passive MEMS dc current sensor was proved to be applicable to direct measurements of the two-wire appliance cords without using cord separator. The proposed sensor devices are, therefore, more convenient than Hall-effect-based sensors in electricity end-use measuring and monitoring of dc power supply.

Design of DC Regulated Power Supply Based on Earth Wire

This paper firstly analyzes the current problems of power supply monitoring equipment in transmission line, illustrates the application limit of photovoltaic panels power currently used in the design of a new type of power supply, and the lightning protection grounding is proposed based on the. Before the power supply design, the paper introduces the principle of ground energy and the connection way of lightning protection in China, analyzes the characteristics and limitations of the different grounding methods, and then puts forward the general requirements for the design of the power supply. On this basis, the design of the transformer, rectifier, filter, voltage regulator, auto start and auto parts, respectively, for each part of the analysis and calculation, the final realization of the power transmission line in the extraction and use of the purpose.

Adaptive Control of Power Supply and Environment Monitoring System Based on Hierarchical Search Engine Tactics

Adaptive Control of Power Supply and Environment Monitoring System Based on Hierarchical Search Engine Tactics

CRO based Single Phase Parameter Measurement of Electrical Supply

Present paper proposes a power measurement method of a single phase electrical load (RLC). Real time monitoring of power supply is essential for its continuous and reliable operation. So, this paper also presents a low cost, low power consuming system that can be used for fast and precise domestic power supply parameter monitoring. Simulations analysis of the voltage waveform, current waveform and the phase difference between these two signals were done using CRO. By using this measurement techniques behavior of any electrical appliances can be checked and improvement in its working can be possible after that in it. And also using this measurement technique we can check which types of harmonics are flowing in the appliances during its normal working condition.

Vaccine storage and cold chain monitoring in the North West region of Cameroon: a cross sectional study.

BackgroundThe cold chain must be monitored continuously in order to guarantee vaccines’ quality. From field reports and previous studies, cold chain monitoring for expanded program on immunization (EPI) is still not satisfactory in Cameroon. This study was conducted to evaluate the availability and functioning of cold chain equipment as well as knowledge.ResultsIt was a cross-sectional study involving a multistage sampling. 3urban and 5rural districts were selected randomly from the 19 health districts of the North West region. In each district all the health facilities taking part in the EPI were targeted. Data were collected using a questionnaire administered face to face to health personnel and with an observational grid to assess availability, functioning, and monitoring of cold chain equipment and power supply. The data were analyzed using the epi-info software. A total of 70 health facilities were contacted and 65(88.6%) of them included in the study. Fifty-three (81.5%) out of 65 health facilities had at least one functional vaccine refrigerator. The national guideline of EPI was not present in 21(33.9%) health facilities. Temperature chart was complete/correctly filled in 25(50.0%) of the 50(96.2%) facilities having it. About 14 (26.9%) of the health facilities record at least one abnormal temperature during the last 2 months following data collection. Seventeen (28.3%) personnel did not know the correct vaccine storage temperature.ConclusionThe availability of vaccine storage equipment for EPI is acceptable in the North West Region of Cameroon but the capacity of those in charge to properly monitor it in all health facilities is still limited. To ensure that vaccines administered in the North West Region are stored at the recommended temperature, all District Health Services should train and regularly supervise the health personnel in charge of cold chain monitoring.

DISTRIBUTED MICROCONTROLLER BASED CONTROL SCHEME FOR REMOTE CONTROL OF FEL POWER SUPPLY

Infrared Free Electron Laser (IRFEL) which is under development at RRCAT Indore. The IRFEL machine consists of 90keV thermionic gun as electron source, beam transport line, 25MeV Linear Accelerator (LINAC) and an undulator magnet. There are various magnets on beam transport line. These magnets are energized by power supplies. These power supplies have local as well as remote control and located at equipment hall. The control room and equipment hall are at approximate distance of 300 m. When in operation Free Electron Laser generates X-ray radiations which are harmful for human body. Hence, when FEL is operational no personnel can enter FEL hall. Therefore, power supply kept in this hall needs a remote operation. In this paper, a distributed control system hardware and parameter display for Controlling and monitoring of power supply is designed based on network management protocol i.e. Modbus protocol makes the system flexible for Humans

System in Package Design Case Study

In today's world, electronics need to be as small as possible. This is especially true for a wide range of electronics from UAV controllers, cellphones, to implantable medical devices. One approach to achieving small system size is the System in Package (SIP). This approach incorporates a complete system (processor, memory, etc) into one small package. On the SIP, packaged parts are replaced by dies directly mounted to the substrate via flip-chip or wire-bond technology. SIP allows the designer flexibility to create a small system with only functionality that is required. A designer can pick and choose what parts are needed for a design and is not limited to the functionality of a single signal chip. Since the first level part packaging is eliminated, the overall board size decreased leading to an overall reduction in area and weight. Not only is there a reduction in size of each packaged part, but routing area is also reduced. The line widths and spacings can be reduced along with via size. The system used in the case study is a typical system with a FPGA, flash memory, DDR3 memory, ADC, DAC, voltage monitors, power supply monitor and control. The design is a complete system capable of processing analog sensor data, recording the data in external memory and controlling analog outputs. Such a system can be used for data collection, vehicle control, data processing, etc. In terms of signal integrity, the SIP offers many advantages over a traditional PWB. Given the small nature of overall package generally means shorter routes. A shorter route has the advantage of a reduced propagation delay. Also, a shorter trace will have a lower insertion loss and improved return loss. Many parts require data busses signals to match in length. This is very important for DDR3 memory. A mismatch in trace length will cause skew between the data signals and the data strobe. On a smaller board, there is an overall improvement for matching signal traces. Power distribution is another area of improvement for the SIP. A smaller board size means the board resonances will be shifted higher in frequency, alleviating possible power rail noise issues. Overall, the power planes are less lossy. Also, decoupling capacitors will be placed closer to the active components reducing the inductive path from the active device and the capacitor. This will allow decoupling for parts switching at fast rates. Given the shorter distances between transceivers within the system, the drive strength can be reduced. Decreased drive strength will reduce the amount of power dissipated by the transceiver. This presentation details a case study for a system in package design. A comparison will be made between the system laid out on a traditional printed wiring board (PWB) and the same system laid out on a substrate (SIP). Comparisons of the area, weight, route-ability and signal integrity will be made.