Monitoring Of Myocardial Infarction Research Articles

Analysis of Adipokines and some Steroid Hormones in Myocardial Infarction

The most common cause of death is cardiovascular disease (CVD), with ischemic heart disease being the most notable type. There is a propensity to raise the sensitivity of methods in contemporary laboratory for diagnosing of CVD, and assessing key as CVD bio-indicators. The urgent task is to seek for different indicators as a hopeful tool for early detection and monitoring of myocardial infarction in blood samples only. This study comprised 117 Volunteers, recorded with both genders in the age range of 32-64 years old. The volunteers were categorized into two groups: 67patients of myocardial infarction, other group embraced 50 healthy individuals. The samples of blood were collected and directed for biochemical analysis to evaluate estradiol, testosterone, progesterone, adiponectin, leptin, and lipid profile [total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL)] levels in each group. The following conclusion can be drawn from this study based on statistical assessment of bio-indicator parameters, significantly reduced of testosterone and HDL (P <0.001) levels in myocardial infarction, within non-significantly elevated P <0.061 of progesterone levels in myocardial infarction patients as compared with healthy individuals. The remaining biochemical tests indicated significantly elevated levels in patients with myocardial infarction such as estradiol (P <0.001), adiponectin (P <0.001), leptin (P <0.001), total cholesterol (P <0.001), triglycerides (P <0.001) and LDL (P <0.001) levels. Adipokines (adiponectin, leptin) and some steroid hormones (estradiol, testosterone) show crucial roles in the improvement of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases and may be utilized as bio-pointer for myocardial infarction exposure, medical conduct and severity. This acknowledgment offers early diagnosis of disease and progression.

Ultra-sensitive facile CdS nanocrystals-based electrochemical biosensor to detect myocardial infarction marker troponin

Here, we report on a reproducible one-pot synthesis of high-quality and monodispersed CdS semiconducting nanocrystals (NCs) by mixing precursors cadmium acetate and elemental sulfur into the new solvent system of dibenzyl ether and oleylamine without using any extra reagent or precursor activator. The NCs (5 nm) exhibited a dominant band-edge emission with a good photoluminescence quantum yield of 13.76% without trap emission. The CdS NCs were characterized using UV–Vis and photoluminescence spectroscopy, electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The practical efficiency of the synthesized NCs was proved by applying the synthesized CdS NCs as the tracer in the engineering of an immunosandwich biosensor to evaluate the cardiac troponin (cTn) marker for the diagnosis and monitoring of myocardial infarction (MI). The biosensor revealed significant analytical efficiency with the limit of detection of 2 ng L−1 and the linear dynamic range of 5–1000 ng L−1, which is lower than the existing cutoff values (13–20 ng L−1). Having capitalized on the anodic stripping voltammetry method, the screen-printed biosensor could efficiently detect the cTn markers. Therefore, the biosensor is proposed to be used in clinical settings for fast, sensitive, and accurate monitoring of cTn markers.

ECG sonification to support the diagnosis and monitoring of myocardial infarction

This paper presents the design and evaluation of four sonification methods to support monitoring and diagnosis in Electrocardiography (ECG). In particular we focus on an ECG abnormality called ST-elevation which is an important indicator of a myocardial infarction. Since myocardial infarction represents a life-threatening condition it is of essential value to detect an ST-elevation as early as possible. As part of the evaluated sound designs, we propose two novel sonifications: (i) Polarity sonification, a continuous parameter-mapping sonification using a formant synthesizer and (ii) Stethoscope sonification, a combination of the ECG signal and a stethoscope recording. The other two designs, (iii) the water ambience sonification and the (iv) morph sonification, were presented in our previous work about ECG sonification (Aldana Blanco AL, Steffen G, Thomas H (2016) In: Proceedings of Interactive Sonification Workshop (ISon). Bielefeld, Germany). The study evaluates three components across the proposed sonifications (1) detection performance, meaning if participants are able to detect a transition from healthy to unhealthy states, (2) classification accuracy, that evaluates if participants can accurately classify the severity of the pathology, and (3) aesthetics and usability (pleasantness, informativeness and long-term listening). The study results show that the polarity design had the highest accuracy rates in the detection task whereas the stethoscope sonification obtained the better score in the classification assignment. Concerning aesthetics, the water ambience sonification was regarded as the most pleasant. Furthermore, we found a significant difference between sound/music experts and non-experts in terms of the error rates obtained in the detection task using the morph sonification and also in the classification task using the stethoscope sonification. Overall, the group of experts obtained lower error rates than the group of non-experts, which means that further training could improve accuracy rates and, particularly for designs that rely mainly on pitch variations, additional training is needed in the non-experts group.

ПРИМЕНЕНИЕ ИНВАЗИВНОГО МОНИТОРИНГА ГЕМОДИНАМИКИ У ПАЦИЕНТА С КАРДИОГЕННЫМ ШОКОМ

Objective: to analyze our own experience of intensive care in a patient in the state of cardiogenic shock under the control of invasive hemodynamic monitoring. Material and methods. The article presents a clinical case of treatment of a 57-year old patient with acute myocardial infarction of the left ventricular posterior wall complicated by ventricular fibrillation, cardiogenic shock, and respiratory distress syndrome. During the monitor control of the patient`s state, invasive hemodynamic monitoring according to PiCCO technology was additionally used. The complex treatment of the patient involved the application of inotropic and vasopressor drugs, maintaining of fluid balance, artificial lung ventilation. Results. Daily repeated control over central hemodynamics parameters for five days made it possible to apply inotropic and vasopressor drugs differentially, which led to the stabilization of hemodynamics. When the patient was disconnected from the artificial lung ventilation, his venous and arterial blood were tested. To be completely disconnected the patient had to undergo respirator tracheostomy. The patient was discharged in a satisfactory condition on the thirty-second day. Two months later, the patient`s quality of life was assessed by the questionnaire EQ-5D as good. Conclusion. The application of invasive hemodynamic monitoring in myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock favors the choice of the optimal treatment tactics. Repeated control over central hemodynamic parameters makes it possible to predict the course of the illness.

Salivary high‐sensitivity cardiac troponin T levels in patients with acute myocardial infarction

Accurate and rapid diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (MI) is of major medical and economic importance. The objective of this study was to identify whole saliva high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) in patients with acute MI. A case-control study was carried out in 30 normal healthy individuals, and 30 patients with acute MI were hospitalized in CCU of Imam Hossein hospital, Tehran, Iran. The hs-cTnT levels were assayed in serum and whole saliva in the first and second morning following the MI by ELISA method. Statistical analysis of the Student's t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient was performed. The mean stimulated and unstimulated saliva and serum levels of hs-cTnT at both the first and the second morning following the acute MI were significantly higher in patients with acute MI compared with healthy individuals. Furthermore, stimulated and unstimulated saliva hs-TnT levels correlated significantly with serum hs-TnT level (r = 0.415, P < 0.023; r = 0.466, P < 0.021, respectively). Results suggest that salivary hs-cTnT can be used as an alternative to serum hs-cTnT for diagnosis and monitoring of myocardial infarction.

Unstimulated whole saliva creatine phosphokinase in acute myocardial infarction

Accurate and rapid diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (MI) is of major medical and economic importance. The objective of this study was to identify unstimulated whole saliva creatine phosphokinase (CPK) in patients with acute MI. A case-control study was carried out in 30 normal healthy individuals and 30 patients with acute MI were hospitalized in CCU of Kamkar hospital, Qom, Iran. CPK levels were assayed in serum and unstimulated whole saliva at the first and the second days of acute MI by IFCC method. Statistical analysis of the Student's t-test and Pearson correlation coefficient was performed. The mean saliva and serum levels at both the first and the second days of acute MI were significantly higher in patients with acute MI compared with healthy individuals. They were significantly greater in the first day than in the second day. Saliva CPK concentration correlated significantly with serum CPK level in the first day (r = 0.442, P < 0.01) and in the second day of acute MI (r = 0.268, P < 0.01). Results suggest that salivary CPK can be used as an alternative to serum CPK for diagnosis and monitoring of myocardial infarction.

Cardiac troponin T in ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction revisited.

Cardiac troponins not only allow for risk stratification and guidance of therapy in unstable angina and non-Q-wave acute myocardial infarction but also may be useful in the diagnostic workup and monitoring of patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. In clinical practice, troponins are used for confirmation and monitoring of myocardial infarction, noninvasive prediction of reperfusion success after thrombolytic therapy, and noninvasive estimation of infarct size. Accumulating evidence suggests that the measurement of cardiac troponins on admission may represent a relatively novel application that is useful for early risk stratification and prediction of reperfusion success after thrombolysis or primary percutaneous coronary interventions. Potential mechanisms of the predictive power of cardiac troponins are discussed.

Cloning and nucleotide sequence of heavy- and light-chain cDNAs from a creatine-kinase-specific monoclonal antibody.

Determination of creatine kinase isoenzymes by inhibition assay is a useful tool for the diagnosis and monitoring of myocardial infarction. We have established several mouse hybridoma lines secreting monoclonal antibodies with creatine kinase M-subunit inhibitory capacity. One of the monoclonal antibodies (MAK33) inhibits creatine kinase-MM by 80% without influencing the activity of creatine kinase-MB. A combination of two monoclonal antibodies increased the inhibition of creatine kinase MM up to 99.4%. Poly(A) + RNA of hybridoma cells secreting MAK33 was isolated and used for cloning cDNA of both heavy and light chains of this antibody. Full-length cDNA clones were obtained by hybridization with gamma 1 and kappa constant region cDNA probes. The complete nucleotide sequences from the variable regions including signal peptide and part of the 5'-untranslated regions have been determined.

The value and limitations of computer monitoring in myocardial infarction

The value and limitations of computer monitoring in myocardial infarction

Observations on heart block during continuous electrocardiographic monitoring in myocardial infarction.

Complete heart block (CHB) was observed in 24 of 350 patients with myocardial infarction who were studied under conditions of continuous electrocardiographic monitoring. CHB occurred predominantly in posterior and anteroseptal infarctions. In posterior infarction CHB was observed in patients who also developed first degree (1°) and types I and II second degree (2°-I and 2°-II) atrioventricular (A-V) block but not bundle-branch block (BBB). In anteroseptal infarction CHB was found in patients with BBB, occasionally in patients with 2°-II A-V block, but not in patients with 1° and 2°-I A-V block. Right BBB with a Q wave in lead V 1 was the usual form of BBB observed in patients with CHB and anteroseptal infarction. One mechanism for sudden death in anteroseptal infarction is the abrupt development of CHB following the onset of BBB. Evidence is presented attributing CHB to a lesion in the A-V node in posterior infarction and to bilateral BBB in anteroseptal infarction.