Child Growth Monitoring Research Articles

The Role of Posyandu Cadres in Reducing Stunting in the Community

The general background stunting is a major health issue that threatens the quality of human resources in Indonesia. Specific background posyandu cadres play a crucial role in disseminating health information and educating mothers to prevent and reduce stunting in communities. Knowledge Gap: While previous research has focused on general health initiatives, there is limited evidence on the specific role of posyandu cadres in reducing stunting in rural areas. Aims this study to examine the role of posyandu cadres in reducing stunting rates in the local community. Results the findings demonstrate that posyandu cadres have successfully carried out their role by conducting regular health programs such as providing supplementary food, vitamin A, blood supplements for pregnant women, and monitoring child growth. These efforts have contributed to a steady decrease in stunting rates. Factors influencing the success of the programs include the knowledge and active participation of trained cadres, high community involvement, and support from local health workers and officials. Novelty this study highlights the importance of community-based health initiatives and posyandu programs in addressing stunting, emphasizing the need for well-trained cadres in achieving long-term health outcomes. Implication the research underscores the importance of continuing support for posyandu cadres through training and resources to further improve public health and reduce stunting rates in other regions. Highlights: Posyandu cadres are key in reducing stunting through regular health activities. Knowledgeable and trained cadres contribute to lower stunting rates. Local community and health worker support strengthen program success. Keywords: Stunting, Posyandu Cadres, Community Health, Child Nutrition, Rural Development

Mtoto Wetu Growth and Temperature Monitoring System for Tanzania Child Healthcare Clinics

In most government maternal and child health (MCH) clinics in sub-Saharan countries caregivers rely on manual methods for data acquisition, storage, and analysis, leading to challenges such as errors, inefficiencies, and limited accessibility. Recognising the transformative potential of digital technology, this design aims to innovate the child growth monitoring paradigm by introducing a comprehensive Digitized Child Growth Monitoring System. The "Mtoto Wetu Growth and Temperature Monitoring System" is a comprehensive framework designed to monitor and assess the growth and temperature patterns of infants and young children on a monthly basis. This system integrates various components, including anthropometric measurements, temperature monitoring, immunisation schedule, automated growth chart generation, and parental, caregiver, and health care professionals’ involvement, to provide a holistic approach to child health monitoring. Implemented with standardised protocols, training sessions, and robust data management systems, the monitoring system aims to facilitate early detection of growth abnormalities, and health concerns. By promoting early intervention, preventive care measures, parental empowerment, and continuity of care, the Mtoto Wetu system strives to optimise health outcomes, foster parental engagement, and promote health equity among children. The system was able to provide results with a small amount of error compared to the standard weighing machines, tap measure and digital thermometer

Assessment of the Feasibility of Using Mobile Application in Stunting prevention in Toddlers: Scoping Review

Stunting is a developmental disorder in children caused by malnutrition, susceptibility to infection to disease, and low productivity indicated by a long-term lack of food intake. This scoping review aims to identify the feasibility of mobile applications in preventing stunting in toddlers, through Android-based educational media applications so that stunting in toddlers can be prevented. The structure of writing this scoping review using PRISMA with 5 stages according to Arksey and O'Malley. Article search by 2018- 2023 using several databases including PubMed, Science Direct, and Research Gate. Results of the 666 articles obtained There are 29 potentially relevant articles, ten of which met the inclusion criteria. Presented with three themes viz stunting in toddlers, posyandu during the covid-19 period, and use of mobile applications. The conclusion is there is a relationship significant appropriateness of mobile applications in using mobile application effort prevention stunting. Implications include easier access to nutrition and health information, increased parental awareness on parenting and nutrition, and efficiency in monitoring child growth.

Determining Deviation of the Growth Pattern of Preterm Infants and Its Causes According to the Fenton Growth Chart: A Longitudinal Follow-up Study

Background: Birth weight is a crucial indicator of infant health. In Iran, child growth monitoring for children under six years old is integrated into the healthcare system. However, existing growth charts have limitations in accurately representing preterm infants. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the frequency of postnatal growth retardation and its causes in preterm infants from hospitalization to six months after birth. Methods: After informing parents, we recruited 255 preterm singleton infants born at the Afzalipour Medical Education and Health Center in Kerman, Iran, over one year. The Fenton growth chart was used to compare the anthropometric characteristics of the infants at birth, and at ages 7, 14, and 28 days, and then monthly up to 6 months. A special questionnaire also recorded the type of feeding, length of hospital stay, use of mechanical ventilation and oxygen, duration of total parenteral nutrition (TPN), and associated causes and complications. Results: The mean Z-score weights at birth, discharge, one month, three months, and six months were -0.34, -1.19, -0.85, -0.94, and -1.79, respectively. The mean Z-score heights at birth, discharge, one month, three months, and six months were 0.74, 0.20, -0.07, -0.79, and -2.5, respectively. Additionally, the mean Z-scores for head circumference at birth, discharge, one month, and three months were 0.41, -0.19, -0.53, and -1.17, respectively. Deviation from the Fenton preterm growth chart was detected in 109 infants (42.7%) at the time of discharge, 79 infants (31%) at one month, 82 infants (32.2%) at three months, and 134 infants (52.5%) at six months of age. Conclusions: The weight at discharge and the length of NPO [due to surgical problems, feeding intolerance, necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), etc.] were significantly inversely related. Preterm infants grow more slowly in hospitals, so their longitudinal growth data should be interpreted carefully. The incidence of postnatal growth failure can be reduced by improving NICU quality, optimizing nutrition, and increasing enteral feeding rates.

Dietary Diversity and Associated Factors among Children 6-23 Months Old in Ethiopia: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Feeding diversified food for children is the major indicator of nutritional quality and adequacy that is crucial during the complementary feeding period for infants and young children aged 6-23 months. Ensuring diversified food is highly essential for the normal growth and development of the infant and young children. In Ethiopia, malnutrition and food insecurity remain prevalent, underscoring the need to understand and improve dietary diversity among children. The primary objective of this review was to determine the pooled prevalence of dietary diversity and its associated factors among children aged 6-23 months in Ethiopia. We thoroughly searched some electronic databases, including Pub Med, Africa Index Medicus, Science Direct, Hinari, and Google Scholar, to perform a meta-analysis. Excel was used to extract and combine the data, while Stata 17 was used for statistical analysis. To estimate pooled prevalence rates and related associated factors, we used a random-effect model and the Der Simonian-Laird technique. The I2-test was utilized to examine heterogeneity, and funnel plots, in conjunction with Egger's and Begg's tests, were employed to investigate publication bias. This review analyzed 42 full-text studies, finding a pooled prevalence of 26.78% (95% confidence interval (CI): 23.35-30.21) with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 98.95%). Maternal education levels-college & above Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR: 5.377, 95% CI: 3.116-9.279), secondary and above (AOR: 3.324, 95% CI: 1.939-5.700), primary (AOR: 3.065, 95% CI: 2.275-3.129), and formal education (AOR: 2.484, 95% CI: 1.722-3.583)-showed higher odds than counterparts. Similarly, fathers' education-secondary and above (AOR: 2.837, 95% CI: 1.981-4.065) and primary (AOR: 2.082, 95% CI: 1.016-4.266)-and father's occupation as merchant (AOR: 2.739, 95% CI: 1.355-5.539), and mother's occupation as housewife (AOR: 3.636, 95% CI: 2.457-5.381) showed higher odds. Additionally, male child sex (AOR: 1.877, 95% CI: 1.185-2.972), child age 18-23 months (AOR: 2.470, 95% CI: 1.568-3.987), and 12-17 months (AOR: 2.460, 95% CI: 1.914-3.163) indicated higher odds than counterparts. Having Postnatal Care (PNC) follow-up, counseling on infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices, and no history of child illness were associated with higher odds (AOR: 3.155, 95% CI: 2.104-4.732), (AOR: 2.960, 95% CI: 2.288-3.829), and (AOR: 2.420, 95% CI: 1.765-3.318), respectively. Maternal knowledge of dietary diversity, urban residency, Antenatal Care (ANC) follow-up, child growth monitoring, and media exposure also showed higher odds. Similarly, maternal age groups 25-34 years and 35-44 years had higher odds compared to those aged 15-24 years. Other factors associated with higher odds included home grading, food security, institutional delivery, availability of cow milk, and household wealth index. Among Ethiopian children aged 6-23 months, the prevalence of recommended dietary diversity feeding practices was remarkably low, with only about 25% meeting the minimum recommended diversified food. The scientific predictors factor affecting dietary diversity included maternal media exposure, place of delivery, food security, urban residency, availability of cow milk, child growth monitoring, age, and knowledge of IYCF practices; paternal factors like education and occupation; child-related variables like age, sex, and history of illness; and history of ANC and PNC.

Impact of Suaahara, an at-scale multisectoral nutrition programme, on health workers' maternal and child health, and nutrition knowledge and skills in Nepal.

Suaahara, an at-scale multisectoral nutrition programme in Nepal, aimed to advance knowledge and skills of frontline health workers to improve the quality of nutrition and health services at health facility and community levels. This study assessed the impact of Suaahara interventions on knowledge and skills of health facility workers and Female Community Health Volunteers (FCHVs). The study used a quasi-experimental design in which four Suaahara intervention districts were compared with pair-matched comparison districts. One health facility worker and three FCHVs from each survey cluster were included. Baseline survey consisted of 93 health facility workers (2015) and 118 FCHVs (2012), and endline survey (2022) consisted of 40 health facility workers and 120 FCHVs. Difference-in-differences regression models employing intent-to-treat analysis, accounting for clustering at the district level, assessed the impact of intervention. The intervention, relative to comparison, had no effect on health facility workers' knowledge. There was a positive effect, however, on FCHVs' knowledge in intervention relative to comparison areas on exclusive breastfeeding, timing of introduction of complementary feeding, sick child feeding and growth monitoring and promotion (GMP) for children under 2 years. Health facility workers and FCHVs in intervention versus comparison districts had higher endline scores for skills related to measuring the weight of children and pregnant women, measuring the height/length of children, conducting GMP for children under 2 years and identifying malnourished children. Suaahara interventions improved the capacity of health workers, particularly nutrition-related knowledge among FCHVs and GMP-related skills of both health facility workers and FCHVs.

Monitoring Child Growth and Development and Providing Healthy Food for Toddlers

Posyandu units are generally organized at the Rukun Warga or Hamlet level, according to the conditions of each area. Posyandu activities are carried out once a month in collaboration with the local Community Health Center to monitor the growth and development of toddlers and provide nutritious food for toddlers. Community service at Posyandu Margo Kencono VII, Kersan Hamlet, Sidorejo Village, is focused on socializing the use of Posyandu to monitor children's growth and development, prevent malnutrition and obstacles to children's growth and development. This community service also provides information about healthy, nutritionally balanced food for toddlers. , providing healthy food by mothers easily and cheaply using various ingredients that are available and easily obtained in the local community. Implementation of community service is carried out in a humane manner, by sitting together and discussing with mothers while waiting for their turn to weigh toddlers, record weight, height, arm circumference and head circumference, with material delivered on the use of Posyandu to monitor children's growth and development and provide food which is nutritious and mothers of toddlers are very enthusiastic about the posyandu activities.

Operationalising the Capability Approach for Healthy Child Growth via a Participatory Method: An Illustrative Case in Haor Areas of Bangladesh

ABSTRACT The Task Force “Towards a Multidimensional Index to Child Growth”, within the International Union of Nutritional Sciences, developed a capability framework for child growth (CFCG). This framework aims to redefine child growth monitoring, expanding beyond weight and height to encompass parental capabilities. We further operationalised the CFCG in hard-to-reach haor areas of Bangladesh, resulting in the publication of a list outlining parental capabilities for child growth. This paper details the methodology and participatory process employed, offering reflections on how our research followed the criteria proposed by Robeyns for identifying capabilities. First, we built a contextualised list of capabilities for child growth based on discussions with local experts. This list underwent further adaptation for haor regions in two rounds. Initially, we used a doxastic interviewing methodology to create a draft emic list of capabilities for child growth. Subsequently, utilising an epistemic methodology, we refined the list. The doxastic interviews focused on “understanding” the interviewees; the epistemic interviews facilitated equal communication between interviewer and interviewee, promoting knowledge co-creation. This rigorous approach validates the findings with the affected communities and supports implementation of the CFCG in policy and practice. This methodology could be extended to other pertinent research areas for capability scholars.

Integrated Approach for Early Detection and Prevention of Abnormal Child Growth: A Kansei Design and Quality Function Deployment Study

Sustainable development aims to reduce inequalities, including health inequalities. Focusing on early identification and prevention of growth and developmental disorders, as advocated in the article, contributes to reducing health disparities, which is a key aspect of sustainability. This article delves into the significance of assessing an individual’s physique as an initial diagnostic method for evaluating well-being, addressing both physical and mental health aspects. Body mass index (BMI) is commonly used to assess anthropometric height/weight attributes, aiding in nutrition evaluation and categorization, contributing to the promotion of healthy lives and well-being. The focus lies on growth monitoring for infants and children. The stunting not only impacts mental and physical development but also contributes to lifelong health disparities. Indonesia ranks fifth in global stunting cases. The government aims to reduce stunting by 14% in 2024, employing specific nutritional interventions. Stunting’s consequences span increased illness rates, compromised growth and learning, susceptibility to diseases in adulthood, and diminished productivity. Early identification and prevention are essential, with Posyandu serving as a platform for community-driven health progress. Regarding the early detection of stunting, it is imperative to involve healthcare workers in the design process of growth monitoring tools and interventions. This ensures that these tools and interventions are practical and user-friendly in real-world scenarios. Utilizing user-centered design approaches like Kansei Design Thinking and Quality Function Deployment can lead to the development of more effective and engaging tools and interventions.

Growth monitoring and nutritional outcome of severe acute malnutrition children in the presence and absence of edema: a facility based retrospective study

Background: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is the leading cause of death in children. SAM affects approximately 20 million preschool children, mainly in Africa and South Asia. Children with severe acute malnutrition and severe edema (+++) have an increased risk of death compared with children with severe acute malnutrition and no edema. This study evaluated the nutritional outcome of SAM patients in the presence and absence of edema. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in malnutrition treatment centre, JK Lon Hospital attached with Govt Medical College, Kota from January 2021 to December 2022 on children of age 6 months to 59 months, with clinical diagnosis of severe acute malnutrition. Ethics committee approval was not required as the study was a retrospective observational study. Patients were divided into three categories, viz. recovered, defaulted and non-responders. Results: A total of 270 patients were selected for this study on the basis of date made available through past records. Of the total patients studied, 32.2% (87) had bilateral edema while the rest (183) were non edematous. From edematous arm, 79.9% children recovered, 9.1% defaulted, and 11% were non-respondents. Conversely, of those without oedema 55.7% recovered, 7.0% defaulted, and 37.3% were non-respondents. Conclusions: Severe acute malnutrition is a preventable and treatable cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. The determinants of SAM include illiteracy, low socio-economic status, malnourished mother, low birth weight, ignorance about specific nutritional requirements of infants and young children, repeated infections, etc. In this study, we documented that the edematous children in the study area had a better likelihood of recovery as compared to those with severe wasting.

Early diagnosis and treatment strategies for pediatric growth hormone deficiency

Over the last century, adult height has shown a marked increase, largely attributed to advancements in nutrition and healthcare. Monitoring child growth is crucial for the early identification of growth-related disorders. One such condition is the underperformance of the pituitary gland, which can lead to a deficiency in growth hormone, manifesting as short stature. Therapeutic interventions, such as growth hormone therapy and low-dose androgen therapy, have proven effective. These treatments utilize synthetic hormones to foster normal growth. Prompt and accurate diagnosis, coupled with precise treatment, is critical to empower individuals to reach their maximum growth potential and alleviate associated health concerns. Future research should aim to deepen our understanding of the interplay between pituitary cells, uncover additional genetic factors contributing to short stature, and enhance growth hormone replacement therapies. Such progress will significantly bolster the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for children with growth impairments.

Improving Parents' Ability To Control Gadget Usage Among Children In Pre-School

Abstract. TK (Kindergarten) ABA Patukan conducted its online instruction using a variety of platforms throughout the Covid-19 Pandemic. The fact that children are particularly interested in today's technology is not incorrect. This is because modern technology has developed into a highly attractive object with an attractive appearance that also uses touchscreen technology to further its attractiveness. There are concerns associated with using technology for online learning for students' kids. Parents frequently complain to teachers that their kids are getting out of hand and refuse to do schoolwork if they can't use devices or play online games, and they also throw tantrums. Parents and teachers have never received health education about the mental health of preschoolers, particularly regarding the risks associated with gadget use in kids and how to regulate the growth and development of preschoolers. The solutions proposed include gadget addiction screening, child growth and development monitoring, health counselling regarding the risks of gadget addiction in kids, and teaching regarding the development of preschoolers. The majority of students' screening results for gadget addiction fell into the low category (51%); similarly, the majority of children's screening results for growth and development are age-appropriate (61%), and parental knowledge of how to manage gadgets for kids has increased from 69.74 to 77.71.

EFFECTIVENESS OF STUNTING PREVENTION PROGRAM AT BAJA HEALTH CENTER IN TANGERANG CITY

Stunting is a form of growth and developmental failure that causes linear growth disorders in toddlers due to the accumulation of nutritional deficiencies over a long period, starting from pregnancy to 24 months of age. The problem of malnutrition in Indonesia is a health issue that has not been fully addressed by the government. This can be seen from survey and research data such as the Basic Health Research (2018), which states that the prevalence of stunting (very short) in Indonesia is 19.3%, higher than in 2013 (19.2%) and 2007 (18%). Although many stunting prevention programs have been implemented by various parties and the health sector, these efforts have not effectively reduced the target number of stunting cases at the national level, posing a challenge for the health sector in preventing stunting cases. This research adopts a descriptive qualitative study design, where researchers aim to assess the effectiveness of the stunting prevention program in the working area of Baja Tangerang Health Center with three informants. Data collection techniques include interviewing related parties, observation, and documentation, with data analyzed by combining information from various existing sources. Health Center Baja has handled 2 children with malnutrition and 7 children with stunting. The results indicate that preventive measures must continue to be improved by meeting nutritional needs during pregnancy, monitoring child growth and development, and maintaining environmental hygiene. Integrated and multisectoral programs are needed to increase family income and prevent premature births (babies born not full term) to overcome the incidence of stunting in toddlers.

The Quality Of Growth Monitoring In Children By Integrated Healthcare Center Cadres

Latar Belakang: Pemantauan tumbuh kembang pada anak merupakan salah satu alat untuk mengetahui status gizi anak. Prevalensi berat badan kurang adalah 19,6% yang terdiri dari 5,7% gizi buruk dan 13,9% gizi kurang. Banyak faktor yang mempengaruhi pemantauan tumbuh kembang anak di tingkat Puskesmas diantaranya adalah anak yang ditimbang, alat penimbangan yang digunakan, cara menimbang, cara mencatat hasil penimbangan ke dalam grafik pertumbuhan, cara menginterpretasikan hasil penimbangan, dan tindakan yang harus dilakukan kader sesuai hasil penimbangan.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui kualitas pemantauan tumbuh kembang anak yang dilakukan oleh kader Puskesmas Terpadu Puskesmas Sukaraja Tiga Kecamatan Marga Tiga Kabupaten Lampung Timur.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Populasi penelitian ini adalah kader Puskesmas Sukaraja Tiga yang tercatat berada di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sukaraja Tiga sebanyak 160 orang dan berasal dari 32 Puskesmas yang berada di wilayah Puskesmas Sukaraja Tiga. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 160 kader. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah total sampling. Analisis data menggunakan analisis data univariat.Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa 100 (62,5%) responden melakukan penimbangan dengan baik, 102 (63,8%) responden mencatat hasil penimbangan dengan baik, dan 110 (68,8%) responden kurang mengartikan hasil pemantauan tumbuh kembang pada anak.Kesimpulan: Kualitas pemantauan tumbuh kembang balita oleh kader posyandu berdasarkan cara menginterpretasikan hasil penimbangan ke KMS didapatkan 110 (68,8%) responden menginterpretasikan hasil pemantauan tumbuh kembang balita di cara yang tidak baikSaran kepada Puskesmas Sukaraja Tiga untuk dapat melakukan pembinaan lebih rutin seperti melakukan penyuluhan tentang grafik pertumbuhan dan cara pengisiannya untuk meningkatkan keterampilan kader mengenai pemantauan pertumbuhan pada anak. Kata Kunci : Penimbangan, Pencatatan, Interpretasi Hasil, Kader ABSTRACT Background: Growth monitoring in children is a tool to determine the nutritional status of the children. The prevalence of underweight is 19.6% consisting of 5.7% of malnutrition and 13.9% undernourished. Many factors affect the growth monitoring in children at the integrated healthcare center level including the children who are weighed, the weighing equipment used, the way how to weigh, how to record the weighing results into the growth chart, how to interpret the weighing results, and actions that must be taken by cadres according to the weighing results.Purpose: To determine the quality of growth monitoring in children by integrated healthcare center cadres at the Sukaraja Tiga public health center, Marga Tiga District, East Lampung Regency.Methods: This study is a quantitative study with a descriptive design. The population of this study were 160 integrated healthcare center cadres who are recorded as being in the work area of Sukaraja Tiga public health center and are from 32 integrated healthcare centers located in Sukaraja Tiga public health center area. The sample in this study was 160 cadres. The sampling technique used in this study was total sampling. The data analysis used univariate data analysis.Results: This study showed that 100 (62.5%) respondents carried out the weighing well, 102 (63.8%) respondents recorded the results of weighing well, and 110 (68.8%) respondents poorly interpreted the results of growth monitoring in children.Conclusion: The quality of monitoring the growth of children under five by posyandu cadres based on the way of interpreting the results of weighing to KMS, it was found that 110 (68.8%) respondents interpreted the results of monitoring the growth of children under five in a way that was not goodSuggestion that Sukaraja Tiga public health center can provide more routine guidance such as conducting counseling about the growth chart and how to fill it out to improve cadres’ skills regarding growth monitoring in children. Keywords : Weighing, Recording, Results Interpretation, Cadres

Preventing Stunting Through Digital Family Empowerment: A Thematic Literature Review

Aims: The increasing prevalence of stunting and its associated morbidities highlight the need for effective prevention measures. Digital-based family empowerment interventions have been identified as a promising approach to prevent stunting. This study aims to investigate various types of digital-based family empowerment interventions in preventing stunting and optimizing child growth. Method: It is a thematic literature review using a semi-structured search approach with predefined keywords in four major databases, namely Scopus, PubMed, ProQuest, and Google Scholar. The research applies a systematic research method with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines and sets search boundaries using the PICO (Population/Problem, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) approach. Three search criteria include digital-based family empowerment interventions for stunting prevention, articles published within the last five years, and written in English or Indonesian. Result: From the search, nine articles were selected, forming three main themes: (1) digital-based child growth and development monitoring programs in preventing stunting; (2) digital-based health education programs for stunting prevention; and (3) digital-based nutrition counseling programs in preventing stunting. Conclusion: Digital-based family empowerment interventions have proven to be effective in stunting prevention efforts. With a better understanding of these interventions, it is hoped that knowledge and skills in preventing stunting and optimizing child growth can be enhanced. The role of nurses can be pivotal in integrating technology into family education.

POSYANDU SIAGA TUMBUH KEMBANG ANAK ( POS KEMBANG ) DALAM UPAYA PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT BIDANG TUMBUH KEMBANG ANAK DI DESA PUPUS DAN DESA NGURI KECAMATAN LEMBEYAN KABUPATEN MAGETAN

SDIDTK (Stimulation, Detection, Early Intervention of Growth and Development) for Children, is a growth monitoring program including weight, height and head circumference, and development monitoring includes developmental checks with KPSP (Developmental Pre-Screening Questionnaire), Vision Test (TDL) and tests Hearing Power (TDD). POS KEMBANG (Children's Growth and Development Alert Posyandu) is an effort to increase monitoring, not only monitoring growth but also monitoring children's development. The aim of this activity is to establish POS KEMBANG (Children's Growth and Development Alert Posyandu) in Pupus Village and Nguri Village, increasing the knowledge and skills of cadres in detecting child development. Activities collaborate with health cadres in Pupus Village and Nguri Village, Lembeyan District, Magetan Regency. The target of the activity was health cadres in the two villages with a total of 60 participants. Socialization was carried out regarding monitoring growth and development, followed by mentoring. Activity method The activity implementation phase consists of delivering material (2x meetings, theory and practicum) and continued monitoring of children's growth and development for 3 months, followed by independent examination of children's growth and development by cadres. Evaluation is obtained from the results of the pre-test and post-test to evaluate increasing knowledge and skills of cadres, as well as 3 months of mentoring. The outputs and targets for achieving the activities are: publication of scientific articles which will be published in national journals with ISSN; POS KEMBANG (Posyandu Siaga Child Growth and Development) module, HKI, Increased understanding and skills of partners (cadres) in monitoring child growth and development, increased detection of child growth >90%, increased detection of child development >80%.

A Digital Health Solution for Child Growth Monitoring at Home: Testing the Accuracy of a Novel “GrowthMonitor” Smartphone Application to Detect Abnormal Height and Body Mass Indices

ObjectiveTo develop and evaluate a smartphone application that accurately measures height and provides notifications when abnormalities are detected. Patients and MethodsA total of 145 (75 boys) participants with a mean age ± SD of 8.7±4.5 years (range, 1.0-17.0 years), from the Children’s Hospital at Barts Health Trust, London, United Kingdom, were enrolled in the study. “GrowthMonitor” (UCL Creatives) iPhone application (GMA) measures height using augmented reality. Using population-based (UK-WHO) references, algorithms calculated height SD score (HSDS), distance from target height (THSDSDEV), and HSDS change over time (ΔHSDS). Pre-established thresholds discriminated normal/abnormal growth. The GMA and a stadiometer (Harpenden; gold standard) measured standing heights of children at routine clinic visits. A subset of parents used GMA to measure their child’s height at home. Outcome targets were 95% of GMA measurements within ±0.5 SDS of the stadiometer and the correct identification of abnormal HSDS, THSDSDEV, and ΔHSDS. ResultsBland-Altman plots revealed no appreciable bias in differences between paired study team GMA and stadiometer height measurements, with a mean of the differences of 0.11 cm with 95% limits of agreement of −2.21 to 2.42 cm. There was no evidence of greater bias occurring for either shorter/younger children or taller/older children. The 2 methods of measurements were highly correlated (R=0.999). GrowthMonitor iPhone application measurements performed by parents in clinic and at home were slightly less accurate. The κ coefficient indicated reliable and consistent agreement of flag alerts for HSDS (κ=0.74) and THSDSDEV (κ=0.88) between 83 paired GMA and stadiometer measurements. GrowthMonitor iPhone application yielded a detection rate of 96% and 97% for HSDS-based and THSDSDEV-based red flags, respectively. Forty-two (18 boys) participants had GMA calculated ΔHSDS using an additional height measurement 6-16 months later, and no abnormal flag alerts were triggered for ΔHSDS values. ConclusionGrowthMonitor iPhone application provides the potential for parents/carers and health care professionals to capture serial height measurements at home and without specialized equipment. Reliable interpretation and flagging of abnormal measurements indicate the potential of this technology to transform childhood growth monitoring.

Pengembangan Aplikasi Deteksi Stunting di Kelurahan Duren Sawit

Stunting is a condition in which toddlers experience a lack of nutritional intake for a long period of time so that children experience growth disorders, namely their height is shorter than the age standard. This community service activity was carried out in the Duren Sawit Village. Based on the results of the team's interviews with related parties, so far the process of recording and monitoring children's growth and development data is still done manually. For this reason, an application was developed that is expected to help and facilitate related parties in recording and monitoring child growth and development data. In addition, this application is also expected to be able to provide a visualization of the condition of child growth and development in an area through the process of early detection of stunting on child growth and development data that is inputted at the time of measurement. Bootstrap is a CSS framework that is most in demand by website developers. By using bootstrap we can easily design a responsive website appearance. For this reason, a stunting detection application was made using the bootstrap framework, with the aim that users can more easily use and access this stunting detection application.

Peningkatan Pengetahuan dan Keterampilan Kader Posyandu dalam Mencegah Stunting

Posyandu cadres have a role in delivering basic health services to pregnant women, infants, toddlers, children and families. Cadres are an integral part of posyandu management in the community. Good knowledge and skills are needed to support the duties of a cadre. This service activity aims to increase the knowledge and skills of posyandu cadres in Tanah Putih Village. There were 12 participants in this activity. Increasing the knowledge and skills of cadres is carried out through counseling and simulations. Based on the results of evaluating the level of knowledge regarding stunting, the first 1000 days of life (HPK), monitoring of child growth and development as well as the skills of cadres regarding filling out the health card (KMS) experienced a significant increase.

Functionality of nutrition steering and technical committees and quality of child growth monitoring program in northwest Ethiopia

Malnutrition in Ethiopia is still a major public health problem. Effective growth monitoring activities are difficult to integrate with local circumstances and a national program and are also given less weight. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the functionality of the nutrition steering and technical committees on the quality of the growth monitoring program in the central Gondar zone of northwest Ethiopia. A mixed-methods study was employed among 51 committee members using purposive sampling and 8 months data. The participation rate and the proportion of faltering rates were computed. A data extraction sheet and an in-depth interview guide were prepared, respectively. The overall participation rate was 44.94% in Gondar Zuria and 50.62% in East Demiba districts, respectively. Similarly, the percentage of children faltering was significantly higher in Gondar Zuria district (2.85%) than in East Dembia district (0.48%). Neither the nutrition steering committee nor the technical committee were fully functional to support the program. In addition, a lack of materials, knowledge, and skills in data analysis and interpretation, as well as refresher training, are barriers to program implementation. The overall participation rate is very low in the study area. Program materials were not available, and the technical and steering committees are not fully functional. As a result, preparing working documents, assigning a specific task to strengthen the existing steering and technical committees, providing refresher training, and ensuring the availability of important program materials are very crucial.