Monads Research Articles

Biosystematic Studies, Distribution and Conservation Status of Guaiacum officinale L. in Karnataka State

Guaiacum L. is an evergreen tree indigenous to South America, West Indies and USA. It was introduced during British period. The stem is hard, abundant resin wood, ash- grey-green bark and paripinnate leaves. The flowers are blue-purple in colour and occur in axillary clusters. The fruit is a capsule. Anomocytic, Paracytic and tertacytic types of stomata present only on abaxial surface of the leaf, trichomes absent on both surface. Pollen monad, radialy sysmmetric, tricolporate. The secondary veins are joined to form a loop at the margin. Phenolic test, alkaloid test etc. gave positive results. This plant is having commercial as well as medicinal value. In Karnataka state this plant found only in two places, one in Lalbagh, Bangalore and another in Karnataka College, Dharwad. Silviculture experiments were conducted but not succeeded. In both the places flowers are many, but fruit setting is negligible. It inhibits the spreading of the species in Karnataka.

Pollen Morphology of Nymphaeaceae (S.L.)

Eleven taxa of the Nymphaeaceae (s. l.) belonging to five genera viz., BRASENIA , EURYALE , NYMPHAEA, NELUMBO and VICTORIA were examined for the present study. NELUMBO pollen is quite distinct from other genera of Nymphaeaceae in having 3-zonocolpate apertures and reticulate exine. In VICTORIA pollen are shed as permanent tetrads, while in BRASENIA, EURYALE and NYMPHAEA pollen are produced as monads. The pollen grains are l-(2)-aperturate, zoni or zonasulculate and hetero-or iso-polar. Exine surface is spinate, tuberculate, verrucate, granulate or psilate. The application of pollen characters within the family is discussed.

후설에서 단자들의 현상학 - 라이프니츠와 관련하여-

후설에서 단자들의 현상학 - 라이프니츠와 관련하여-

Monads, Composition, and Force: Ariadnean Threads through Leibniz’s Labyrinth, by Richard Arthur

Monads, Composition, and Force: Ariadnean Threads through Leibniz’s Labyrinth, by Richard Arthur

Monads, Composition, and Force. Ariadnean Threads Through Leibniz's Labyrinth by Richard T. W. Arthur

Monads, Composition, and Force. Ariadnean Threads Through Leibniz's Labyrinth by Richard T. W. Arthur

Lightweight Linearly-typed Programming with Lenses and Monads

Lightweight Linearly-typed Programming with Lenses and Monads

A gödeli monadológia (első rész)


 Kurt Gödel életében a nem-teljességi tételei közreadása után két nevezetes esemény történik: paranoiássá válik, és elkötelezi magát a leibnizi monadológia mellett. „Az elméletem monadológia, benne egy központi monásszal (Istennel). Általános struktúráját tekintve olyan, mint Leibniz monadológiája”, nyilatkozza Gödel a 70-es években, néhány évvel a halála előtt. A paranoiás Gödel ugyanakkor egész életében retteg a rossz aknamunkájától és menekül az ördög elől – a lehetséges világok legjobbikában, Leibniz monadikus univerzumában. A jelen esszé ebben a feszültségi térben kalandozva szegez alapvető rendszertani kérdéseket mind a leibnizi, mind a gödeli monadológiának.

Monads, Composition, and Force: Ariadnean Threads through Leibniz’s Labyrinth

Monads, Composition, and Force: Ariadnean Threads through Leibniz’s Labyrinth

ADJUNCTIONS, MONADS AND EIDOSES OF CALCULATIONS

ADJUNCTIONS, MONADS AND EIDOSES OF CALCULATIONS

Material Geometry , The Periodic Table of Atoms , and Chemistry

: Point in E-Geometry , which is nothing and dimensionless , can be derived from the addition of a Positive (+)and a Negative (-) number while Material point has dimension , the Segment ds=[ ⊕⊝ ] , and originates in the same way . Adding it to numbers i.e. Monads , creates Primary Particles, the Rest-Gravity constituent and the Atoms of Periodic System in Planck`s Space-Level. Monads are Spinning because of the inner Electromagnetic Waves E,P which create External Spin and again the Inner Electromagnetic Waves E , P continuing this eternal Cycle . Now is shown the , Why and How the Spinning of Particles and the Way and the Place conserved. Euclidean-Geometry elucidated the definitions of Geometry-content {Point, Segment, Straight Line, Plane ,Volume Space [S] Anti-space [AS] ,Sub-space [SS] ,Cave, Space-Anti-Space Mechanism of the Six-Triple-Points-Line ,that produces and transfers Points of Spaces , Anti-Spaces and Sub-Spaces in a Common Inertial Sub -Space , the Field [MFMF] and Particles} and the same for Material-Geometry which describes the Space andand Energy beyond Plank´s length-level [ G -Length 3,969.10 62] , to Point = m → 0 . Energy monads presuppose Energy-Space Base which is the cause of Spaces existence and the motion of particles. This Energy-Space Base , MFMF = Medium-Field of Material-Fragments is the Material-Geometry in the way used in Mechanics and Physics . Property for Doubling Energy in the same Space is encountered in Stationary wave where Energy is proportional to angular velocity ,w . Now is shown the How Material-Fragments are built-in E -Geometry and the Why follow its moulds . The Special Problems of E-geometry consist the , Mould Quantization of Euclidean Geometry in it to become → Monad , through mould of Space -Anti-space in itself , which is the material dipole in inner monad Structure as is the Electromagnetic cycloidal field . The Unification of Space and Energy becomes through [STPL] Geometrical Mould Mechanism of the minimum Energy-Quanta to Monads → Particles, Anti-particles, Bosons, Gravity-Force, Gravity-Field, Photons, Dark Matter , and Dark-Energy , consisting the Material Dipoles in inner monad Structures , with light velocity and continually formulating the ,Zero → Discrete ,Particles-Atoms-Elements →Infinite Geometrical Universe. Conservation of Energy, as Torsional momentum, is obtained by Dynamical stability of Nucleus-Wheel-Rims

Pollen morphology of some Geranium subgenus Robertium species of Iran

Geranium (Geraniaceae) comprises more than 23 annual or perennial species in Iran. There is no study in Iran with pollen morphology emphasize. The main aim of this study is to find diagnostic pollen characters in studied species. Totally 40 accessions of five species (G. albanum, G. molle, G. purpureum, G. mascatense and G. pusillum) were collected. Pollen grains were studied by use of light and scanning electron microscopy. To reveal the species relationships different multivariate statistical methods were used. The pollen grains were monad, isopolar, radially symmetric and of spheroid, prolate-spheroid or oblate-spheroid classes. The main ornamentation type was clavate, however reticulate but striate was also observed. All sections are clearly separated by their pollen features except of Batrachioidea which show confusion with Ruberta. Species relationship is discussed.

Intermittency: the differential of time and the integral of space The intensive spatiality of the Monad, the Apokatastasis and the Messianic World in Benjamin's latest thinking

The main topic of my paper concerns the theological-philosophical nexus between the intensive and qualitative spatiality of the Monad and the Origenian idea of Apokatastasis as a nexus that can clarify Benjamin's latest idea of the Messianic World. The first step will be, therefore, to explain (1) Benjamin's use of the Origenian notion of Apokatastasis in his Essay on Leskov and in the Passagenwerk. Secondly, I will discuss (2) how and to what extent such use is relevant for Benjamin's idea of Messianism. Thirdly, I will propose (3) the thesis that, for Benjamin, a messianic idea of time implies a monadological idea of space. In this regard, the relationship between continuity and discontinuity, which is crucial to understand the late Benjamin's idea of history, must be understood precisely as a dialectical relationship that involves not only time but also space. (4 ) The figure of intermittence – as we shall see – expresses in the most suitable way the intertwining of space and time as dialectically and messianicaly oriented. This sequence of logical steps and critical considerations will shed light on the true nature of Benjamin's idea of dialectics and on its relationship to the idea of the totality. The real term of confrontation of Benjamin's late philosophy (from the Passagenwerk to the Theses on the concept of history) does not concern, therefore, Heidegger, but Hegel. In the light of this confrontation, Heidegger's Being and Time is already in pieces. It is as it were – we can say – behind Benjamin's movement of thought.

＂Where Angels Fear to Tread＂ in Deleuze and Bateson: On a New Baroque of Plateaus and the Ecology of Non-Human Ecstasy

This article attempts to offer a new mode of the baroque by juxtaposing Bateson's notion of plateaus and ecology with the Deleuzian neo-baroque. Inspired by Bateson's plateaus, this paper defines the Deleuzian baroque as the baroque of plateaus and examines how Deleuze grounds the possibility of nonhuman ecstasy in the sacredness of immanence at the heart of the seventeenth century Christian baroque. Drawing on Naess's ecological reading of Spinoza's Ethics in the context of Bateson's immanence, ＂plateaus＂ can be defined as an ecological assemblage of the non-human ecstasy of immanence. The philosophy of plateaus features the profound art of avoiding the obsessive and excessive fixation on the orgasmic climax and ＂the exterior and transcendent ends＂ in Occidental thought. Informed by the logic of plateaus, this paper then examines how Deleuze converts Leibnizian baroque folds and harmony into the ecological cosmology of immanence, which features the magnificent and smooth waves of plateaus orchestrated by the graceful concertation of an infinite number of monads. In this cosmological space of immanence, this paper explores how Deleuze excavates the non-human ecstasy that dynamically flows into the texture of Bernini's The Ecstasy of St. Teresa by concentrating on the process of defacializing the facialized human-based Christian ecstasy.

Kant’s picture of monads in the Physical Monadology

Many discussions of Kant’s picture of monads in his early Physical Monadology highlight the similarities between the view in it and Roger Joseph Boscovich’s view. Though I find this comparison interesting, I argue in this paper that Kant shows significant strands of having a fundamentally non-Boscovichian view in this work. Moreover, I trace the various strands that, I believe, pushed Kant to think about things in a non-Boscovichian way.

Leibniz: Body, Substance, Monad, by Daniel Garber

Leibniz: Body, Substance, Monad, by Daniel Garber

Descent in triangulated categories

We establish effective descent for faithful ring objects in tensor triangulated categories. More generally, we discuss descent for monads in triangulated categories without tensor, where the answer is more subtle.

John Donne and Monad, The Fold

John Donne and Monad, The Fold

Leibniz's Definition of Monad

This is a short discussion of the definition of monad which was given by G. W. Leibniz in his Monadology.

On Kant’s definition of the monad in the Monadologia physica of 1756

On Kant’s definition of the monad in the Monadologia physica of 1756

Monad to Man

Monad to Man