Momentary Impact Research Articles

Jayanta Mahapatra's Poems on Odisha - Poetry that Embellishes Pain

Reading or writing poems could be a good way to spend one’s time or express one’s thoughts and emotions but ultimately poems written by certain individuals might not appeal to many individuals, and lines of poetry could easily be read, enjoyed, and then forgotten. The present paper with the help of a few poems by Jayanta Mahapatra on Odisha would try to argue that poems at most times serve only the writer, who gives vent to his emotions on paper while enjoying the process of writing, and have anything but a momentary impact on the readers.

Urban environment influences on stress, autonomic reactivity and circadian rhythm: protocol for an ambulatory study of mental health and sleep.

Converging evidence suggests that urban living is associated with an increased likelihood of developing mental health and sleep problems. Although these aspects have been investigated in separate streams of research, stress, autonomic reactivity and circadian misalignment can be hypothesized to play a prominent role in the causal pathways underlining the complex relationship between the urban environment and these two health dimensions. This study aims at quantifying the momentary impact of environmental stressors on increased autonomic reactivity and circadian rhythm, and thereby on mood and anxiety symptoms and sleep quality in the context of everyday urban living. The present article reports the protocol for a feasibility study that aims at assessing the daily environmental and mobility exposures of 40 participants from the urban area of Jerusalem over 7 days. Every participant will carry a set of wearable sensors while being tracked through space and time with GPS receivers. Skin conductance and heart rate variability will be tracked to monitor participants' stress responses and autonomic reactivity, whereas electroencephalographic signal will be used for sleep quality tracking. Light exposure, actigraphy and skin temperature will be used for ambulatory circadian monitoring. Geographically explicit ecological momentary assessment (GEMA) will be used to assess participants' perception of the environment, mood and anxiety symptoms, sleep quality and vitality. For each outcome variable (sleep quality and mental health), hierarchical mixed models including random effects at the individual level will be used. In a separate analysis, to control for potential unobserved individual-level confounders, a fixed effect at the individual level will be specified for case-crossover analyses (comparing each participant to oneself). Recent developments in wearable sensing methods, as employed in our study or with even more advanced methods reviewed in the Discussion, make it possible to gather information on the functioning of neuro-endocrine and circadian systems in a real-world context as a way to investigate the complex interactions between environmental exposures, behavior and health. Our work aims to provide evidence on the health effects of urban stressors and circadian disruptors to inspire potential interventions, municipal policies and urban planning schemes aimed at addressing those factors.

Organizational adaptation to a disruption caused by the full-scale russian invasion of Ukraine

There is a vast body of knowledge on the social impact of disasters, but most published research concerns natural disasters with a devastating but momentary impact. However, very little attention is given to social disruptions caused by war, such as the situation in Ukraine after the full-scale russian* invasion. Our research aims to understand the nature of disruptions in the work of Ukrainian commercial and noncommercial organizations caused by the full-scale russian invasion and to explore the adaptation mechanisms used to cope with it. For this purpose, we have conducted a qualitative investigation of 22 Ukrainian organizations and have used the typology of organized reactions developed by The Disaster Research Center to classify their responses.

Reaction of African stocks markets to disequilibrium episodes of the COVID-19 infection: Evidence from the top hit African countries

The continued COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the global economy, with countries battling to contain the infection’s spread as it continues to affect nearly every country in the globe. We test for possible explosive behavior (excessive disequilibrium) in COVID-19 infection in the top African impacted economies, given the sensitivity and fragility of stock markets to shocks. The study identifies two (2) separate explosive occurrences in Algeria and Egypt using the Generalized Sup Augmented DickeyFuller (GSADF) test. Furthermore, the study examines the influence of the COVID-19 infection’s explosive behavior on the stock markets of the countries, taking into consideration the disequilibrium occurrences. The COVID-19 infection’s explosive behavior had a negative but insignificant effect on stock returns, leading to an increase in riskiness. This outcome could be explained by the fact that the explosive incidents were transitory and could only have had a momentary impact on stock market returns absorbable overtime. More so, it suggests that investors may have adjusted to the shock of the COVID-19 infection prior to the two explosive occurrences, and that the development of the COVID-19 vaccine reassures for a near halt to the pandemic.

Contributions from outstanding young eating disorder investigators: What we are learning, how we are learning it, and where might we go next?

This is a time of striking progress in the field of eating disorders, and outstanding young psychological scientists are playing an important role in this progress. This special section provides a sample of this work, which is characterized by a diversity of research questions and methods. The importance of transdiagnostic processes that increase risk for both disordered eating and other dysfunction is reflected in articles that identify shared familial risk across disorders, integrate transdiagnostic and eating disorder-specific risk, and examine the impact of affective processing on restricting behavior. The importance of eating disorder-specific risk is reflected in an article on disorder-specific relations between hunger and taste. The importance of integrative risk models across levels of analysis is reflected in articles that investigate the heritable component of interactions between broad personality and disorder-specific risk factors, the momentary impact of personality traits on precipitants of binge-purge episodes, brain system function responses to environmental stressors, and cross-generational transmission of risk. The importance of further understanding the nature and scope of eating disorder pathology is reflected in a meta-analysis of purging disorder and an investigation of genetic effects on disordered eating in males. This commentary places these articles in the context of challenges facing the field and considers the future of eating disorders research. (PsycINFO Database Record

You Are Not Expected to Survive: Affective Friction in the Combat Shooter Game <em>Battlefield 1</em>

You Are Not Expected to Survive: Affective Friction in the Combat Shooter Game <em>Battlefield 1</em>

The Analysis of Non-Newtonian Vibro-Impact Processes in Tube Constructions and Systems with Parallel Impact Pairs

Abstract The present paper studies the problems of creation of techniques for the analysis of vibro-impact processes in systems with a large number of impact pairs. The used method of singularisation allows refusing from the ideas of the momentary impact and considering interaction hypotheses, which are more realistic than Newtonian ones. We consider the features of synchronous modes of movements of the clap type in systems with parallel impact elements as well as in tubes colliding with intermediate supports. Such modes are most dangerous in terms of the vibration wear of structural elements. The examples of calculation are given for specific designs.

The Impact of Road Construction on a Community of Farmland Birds

Birds are commonly used as tools in environmental monitoring. Bird population changes were studied during construction of the new Vuosaari harbour in 2001–2011. The aim of the monitoring programme was to determine the impacts of road construction on bird populations in the Osterangen agricultural area (Helsinki, Finland). Our results indicate that the number of species and territories increased during and after construction, with more territories located closer to the road than before the road was constructed. Thus, road construction resulted in a momentary positive impact on bird populations. New grass and bush areas and even large rocky outcrops clearly benefited some species such as the threatened northern wheatear. The bird populations declined slightly several years later, probably as a result of habitat succession.

Application of design speed for urban road and street network

Building of arterials in densely populated urban areas needs significant financial expenses. In the situation when the available financial resources for street and bridge construction are limited, the most important issue is to evaluate all possible ways to reduce the total road construction costs what is first of all achieved by reducing geometrical parameters of arterials. These parameters are reduced by changing the design speed, while ensuring an adequate level of traffic safety. Therefore there is a need for a review of standards for the street functions and categories of streets in urban areas. An analysis of average momentary speed impact on urban street and road network design, as well as momentary speed impact on traffic conditions has been done. A relationship between design speed and momentary speed at different capacity ratio of traffic flow has been found.

Does Tourism Change Our Lives?

Does tourism change our lives? The mainstream of tourism psychology research is mostly concerned with tourist motivation, behavior in and satisfaction with destination, and few studies explore how tourism might affect people's perceptions of themselves, home, neighborhood, work, friends, relatives, and life in general. This study seeks insights into the effect and influence of travel and tourism on people, not momentary impact during vacation but longer-term impact in terms of sense of being, direction in life, and well-being. It is found that there are positive changes in the perception of life among Chinese travelers in general and the perception changes among travelers are significantly stronger than the perception changes among the control group of non-travelers. There is clear evidence that travelers feel more positive than non-travelers in their general well-being, attitude toward life, sense of control, and outlook.

An Innovative Approach to Understand Overuse Injuries: Biomechanical Modeling as a Platform to Integrate Information Obtained from Various Analytic Tools

A cognitive shift is evident among the medical practitioners, performers, educators, and researchers who deal with over-use syndrome (OS) injuries. These groups now are clearly concerned with prevention as a desired strategy. Realistically the medical community must take on the burden of changing attitudes within the artistic community. Because artistic success or failure often is determined by microincrements of “ability,” performers and educators (individuals in the greatest position of influence over aspiring students) have been slow to change, and thoughtful training often takes a back seat to immediacy of skill acquisition. In our opinion, professionals will adopt alternate practices only if the weight of scientific evidence proves sufficient to challenge centuries of tradition. A clear message to the artistic community requires (1) clarity of definition, (2) convincing methodology, (3) consistent means of situational comparison, and (4) solutions that do not compromise the artist’s perceptions of the end product. Current definitions of OS typically fail to differentiate between physiologic tolerance (a time-based concept) and physiologic limits (momentary impact conditions). The medical community must get the message across that physiologic tolerance is entirely different from physiologic limits. Although diverse methods are used to evaluate OS injuries, individually none can quantify directly physiologic tolerance. This difficulty justifies the use of indirect means to (1) describe accurately the movements that are thought to cause the injury, (2) link external description with internal physiologic conditions, and (3) determine relationships that allow one to quantify levels of injury risk. In this context, biomechanical modeling has the potential to serve as a nexus for evaluating information obtained from multiple methodologies. This article validates the use of biomechanical modeling as a platform of information integration in the evaluation of OS. An examination of modeling theory in terms of typical OS conditions reveals a new mathematical representation, one that may serve to focus future discussions of efficiency related to prevention and effectiveness related to learning.

NON-LINEAR CORRECTION OF VIBRATION PROTECTION SYSTEM CONTAINING TUNED DYNAMIC ABSORBER

In this paper, the system of vibration protection containing the tuned dynamic absorber is analyzed. To control the system's extraneous resonant responses without affecting the ability of essential linear vibration suppression at antiresonant frequency, the absolute motion of the absorber is limited by the stops mounted upon the base. The analytical solution relies on the theory of momentary impact and technique of periodic Green functions and is obtained in explicit closed form. The frequency responses of the vibration protection system under harmonic excitation with variable frequency are obtained in terms of impact impulses, magnitudes of fundamental harmonics of motion for the primary and secondary systems and also the forces transmitted to the base. The results of calculations are in good agreement with a numerical simulation, which utilizes the realistic model of visco-elastic collision. Some general concepts of practical design of such a vibration protection system are discussed. In particular, the influences of restitution ratio and clearance value are addressed.

Vibration Suppression Control using Two Variable Parameters in a Multi-Mass Plant

The torsional vibration is often initiated by the momentary impact which occurs when a load is connected to a motor by several mechanical coupling parts. An industrial servo system is basically represented as a multi-mass system. To suppress the vibration generated in the two-mass load, many control methods have been developed for practical use. In this paper, however, the authors propose a simple vibration suppression strategy for the multi-mass system which employs two variable parameters consisting of resonance ratio and damping factor along with a state feedback approach. The excellent vibration suppression control, as an example, for a three-mass system, resulting in excellent vibration suppression even for a small resonant ratio, is verified by simulations and experiments.

Selective vulnerability of dentate hilar neurons following traumatic brain injury: a potential mechanistic link between head trauma and disorders of the hippocampus

Despite intensive study, the neurobiological basis of epilepsy and persistent memory impairment following traumatic head injury remains unknown. Since abnormalities of the hippocampus are known to be associated with temporal lobe seizures and memory dysfunction, we investigated the effects of experimental traumatic brain injury on hippocampal structure and function in the rat. Using a model of fluid-percussion injury, we have discovered that neurons of the dentate hilus are vulnerable to a brief, unilateral impact to the extradural surface of the brain. One week after trauma, there was a dramatic reduction in hilar neurons ipsilateral to the impact, and a milder but significant decrease in neurons on the contralateral side as well. This neuronal loss was highly selective since adjacent dentate granule and pyramidal neurons appeared relatively unaffected. Immunocytochemistry showed that the hilar cell loss included a loss of somatostatin-immunoreactive neurons, and degeneration stains provided evidence that irreversible hilar injury occurred within 4 hr of impact. To assess the functional effects of the hilar damage, dentate granule cell field potentials were measured in response to perforant path stimulation. This revealed abnormal dentate granule cell hyperexcitability at 2.0 Hz stimulation in many of the injured animals. The presence of abnormal hyperexcitability correlated with the loss of hilar neurons. Thus, a momentary impact to the surface of the brain can cause selective, bilateral hippocampal injury with associated abnormalities in dentate gyrus physiology. Furthermore, the pattern of cell loss is similar to that observed in some patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

The Impact of Relative Security Supplies: A Test with Data from a Regional Tax-Exempt Bond Market

WHETHER CHANGES IN RELATIVE SECURITY SUPPLIES have an impact on relative interest rates is a matter of much debate. Some contend that efficient markets prevent more than a momentary impact, and others (e.g. [4] ) argue that severe market segmentation exists virtually everywhere. The answer to this query, it seems to us, depends greatly on the markets being considered. If the question is phrased in terms of the impact of changes in long-term federal debt on the relationship between yields on new issue U.S. government and high-quality corporate debt of equal maturity, then we would expect the impact to be minimal.1 These instruments would seem to be close substitutes in too many portfolios for a significant impact to exist more than momentarily. On the other hand, where debt instruments are taxed quite differently or where government regulations prevent shifts of substantial investors between instruments, a case can likely be made for significant market segmentation. One such case involves the market for tax-exempt debt of state and local governments. Moreover, within this market geographic and regional factors