Moexipril Research Articles

Formulation and Evaluation of Mouth Dissolving Tablet of Moexipril Hydrochloride

Formulation and Evaluation of Mouth Dissolving Tablet of Moexipril Hydrochloride

Quantitative determination of captopril, perindopril erbumine, moexipril hydrochloride, and ramipril in bulk and pharmaceutical preparations by high performance liquid chromatography

Quantitative determination of captopril, perindopril erbumine, moexipril hydrochloride, and ramipril in bulk and pharmaceutical preparations by high performance liquid chromatography

Liquid chromatography-electro spray ionization tandem mass spectrometry for simultaneous determination of Moexipril and its active metabolite Moexiprilat in human plasma

A selective, sensitive, and rapid liquid chromatography-electro spray ionization tandem mass spectrometry method has been developed and subsequently validated for the simultaneous determination of Moexipril (MOX), and its active metabolite Moexiprilat (MOXT) in spiked human plasma, using Benazepril (BENZ) as an internal standard (IS). Various modes were tried and the Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) mode was found the most suitable one. The two analytes and Benazepril (IS) were extracted from human plasma by simple protein precipitation using acetonitrile as the precipitating solvent. The stationary phase used was a C18 Sunfire column while water and acetonitrile at 0.1% formic acid (30:70, v : v ) was used as a mobile phase. The flow rate used was 0.8 mL/min. Food and Drug Administration guidelines were followed for the method validation. The linearity range was found to be 0.5-100 ng/mL for MOX and 5-200 ng/mL for MOXT and the correlation coefficient was more than 0.9980 for each analyte. Results for accuracy and precision showed satisfactory results. Also the method was compared with reported HPLC method and no significant difference was found.

Spectrophotometric Determination of Some Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors By Potassium Dichromate and Potassium Permanganate in Tablet Dosage Form

Simple, cost effective and reproducible spectrophotometric methods are proposed for the determination of enalapril maleate, lisinopril dihydrate, moexipril hydrochloride and ramipril hydrochloride in pure and tablet doage forms. The methods are based on oxidation of these drugs by either potassium dichromate or potassium permanganate in sulphuric acid medium then measuring of the developed colored reaction products or the decrease in the intensity of color at λmax 610, 520 nm for the potassium dichromate (method A) and potassium permanganate (method B) respectively. Different variables affecting the reaction conditions were carefully studied and optimized. Under optimal experimental conditions the linear range is 20-900 μg.ml-1 (method A) and 2-500 μg.ml-1 (method B). The proposed methods were successfully applied to the analysis of the investigated drugs in pure and tablet dosage form. Results were comparable with those obtained by reported spectrophotometric methods.

Comparative study between univariate spectrophotometry and multivariate calibration as analytical tools for simultaneous quantitation of Moexipril and Hydrochlorothiazide

Three simple, accurate, reproducible, and selective methods have been developed and subsequently validated for the simultaneous determination of Moexipril (MOX) and Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) in pharmaceutical dosage form. The first method is the new extended ratio subtraction method (EXRSM) coupled to ratio subtraction method (RSM) for determination of both drugs in commercial dosage form. The second and third methods are multivariate calibration which include Principal Component Regression (PCR) and Partial Least Squares (PLSs). A detailed validation of the methods was performed following the ICH guidelines and the standard curves were found to be linear in the range of 10–60 and 2–30 for MOX and HCTZ in EXRSM method, respectively, with well accepted mean correlation coefficient for each analyte. The intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy results were well within the acceptable limits.

Synchronized separation of seven medications representing most commonly prescribed antihypertensive classes by using reversed‐phase liquid chromatography: Application for analysis in their combined formulations

A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed for the simultaneous determination of the diuretic, hydrochlorothiazide, along with six drugs representing the most commonly prescribed antihypertensive pharmacological classes such as atenolol, a selective β1 blocker, amlodipine besylate, a calcium channel blocker, moexipril hydrochloride, an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, valsartan and candesartan cilexetil, which are angiotensin II receptor blockers, and aliskiren hemifumarate, a renin inhibitor, using irbesartan as an internal standard. The chromatographic separation was achieved using acetonitrile/sodium phosphate dibasic buffer (0.02 M, pH 5.5) at a flow rate of 1 mL/min in gradient elution mode at ambient temperature on a stationary phase composed of an Eclipse XDB-C18 (4.6 × 150 mm, 5μm) column. UV detection was carried out at 220 nm. The method was validated according to ICH guidelines. Linearity, accuracy, and precision were satisfactory over the concentration ranges of 2-40μg/mL for hydrochlorothiazide and candesartan cilexetil, 20-120, 10-160, 5-40, 20-250, and 5-50μg/mL for atenolol, valsartan, moexipril hydrochloride, aliskiren hemifumarate, and amlodipine besylate, respectively. The method was successfully applied for the determination of each of the studied drugs in their combined formulations with hydrochlorothiazide. The developed method is suitable for the quality control and routine analysis of the cited drugs in their pharmaceutical dosage forms.

Liquid Chromatography-Electro Spray Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry for Simultaneous Determination of Amlodipine, Benazepril and its Active Metabolite Benazeprilat in Human Plasma

A selective, sensitive, rapid, and reproducible liquid chromatographyelectro spray ionization tandem mass method has been developed and subsequently validated for the simultaneous determination of Amlodipine (AML), Benazepril (BENZ), and its active metabolite Benazeprilat (BENZT) in spiked human plasma, using Moexipril (MOX) as an internal standard (IS). Various modes were tried and the Multiple Reaction Monitoring (MRM) mode was found the most suitable one. The three analytes and Moexipril (IS) were extracted from human plasma by simple protein precipitation using acetonitrile as the precipitating solvent. The stationary phase used was a C18 Sunfire column while water and acetonitrile at 0.1 % formic acid (30:70, v/v) was used as a mobile phase. The flow rate used was 0.8 mL/min. FDA guidelines were followed for the method validation. The linearity range was found to be 10-200 ng/mL for Amlodipine, 0.5-100 ng/mL for Benazepril and 5-200 ng/mL for Benazeprilat and the correlation coefficient was more than 0.9980 for each analyte. The equation of the calibration curve was: y=0.0068x - 0.0072 (r2=0.9981, n=3) for Amlodipine, y=0.6098x - 0.135 (r2 =0.9988, n=3) for Benazepril and y=0.0173x - 0. 0312 (r2=0.9987, n=3) for Benazeprilat. Results for accuracy and precision showed satisfactory results. Also the method was compared with reported HPLC method and no significant difference was found.

Spectrophotometric and Chemometric Methods for Simultaneous Determination of Two Anti-Hypertensive Drugs in their Combined Dosage Form

In this study determination of Moexipril hydrochloride (MOX) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) were conducted by application of Spectrophotometric and Chemometric methods. Five different accurate, sensitive and reproducible methods were applied for the simultaneous determination of (MOX) and (HCT) in their bulk powder and pharmaceutical dosage form. The first method is the new absorbance subtraction (AS) method. The second method is the new amplitude modulation (AM) method. The third method is the new extended ratio subtraction (ERS) method coupled to ratio subtraction (RS) method. The fourth and fifth methods are multivariate calibration which includes Principal Component Regression (PCR) and Partial Least Squares (PLS). The suggested procedures were checked using laboratory prepared mixtures and were successfully applied for the analysis of their pharmaceutical preparations. The validity of the proposed methods was further assessed by applying the standard addition technique. The results obtained by applying the proposed methods were statistically analyzed and compared with a reported method.

Effect of pharmaceutical excipients on the stability of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in their solid dosage formulations

Context: The compatibility studies of moexipril hydrochloride (MOXL), imidapril hydrochloride (IMD), enalapril maleate, (ENA) and lisinopril (LIS) in solid state with magnesium stearate and glyceryl behenate were performed.Objective: The aim of this study was to detect any possible drug–excipient interactions in order to optimize technological process conditions by the selection of the most adequate lubricant.Materials and methods: Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography was employed for studying drug–excipient binary mixtures in 1:1 ratio and pure drugs under forced ageing test conditions: temperature 318K (45°C) and relative humidity range of 50.9%–75.4%. The method had been revalidated prior to use. The degradation rate constants for the binary mixtures and pure substances were calculated.Results: The experimental results evidenced that moexipril and enalapril degradation accorded with autocatalytic-second-order kinetics, imidapril degradation followed first-order reaction mechanism, and LIS followed reversible first-order reaction mechanism. A degradation pathway for each substance was proposed to account for the observed decomposition products. It was determined that moexipril stability decreased threefold in the presence of magnesium stearate indicating an incompatibility − (4.15 ± 0.12) 10−3 compared to (1.43 ± 0.32) 10−6 for moexipril in pure. No interaction between magnesium stearate and the remaining studied compounds was observed. The stability studies of MOXL–glyceryl behenate binary mixture revealed no interaction.Conclusion: Magnesium stearate and increased relative humidity induce MOXL instability, while glyceryl behenate is an optimal lubricant, and therefore, it is recommended for moexipril-containing solid formulations. However, for the formulations containing moexipril and magnesium stearate, it is suggested to minimize the humidity level during storage.

Determination of antihypertensive drug moexipril hydrochloride based on the enhancement effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate at carbon paste electrode

Herein, an electrochemical differential pulse voltammetric method was developed for the determination of moexipril hydrochloride based on the enhancement effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate. The oxidation process has been carried out in Britton-Robinson buffer. Moexipril hydrochloride exhibits a well-defined irreversible oxidation peak over the entire pH range (2-11). The peak current varied linearly over the range from 4.0 x 10(-7) to 5.2 x 10(-6) mol L(-1). The limits of detection and quantification were 6.87 x 10(-8) mol L(-1) and 2.29 x 10(-7) mol L(-1), respectively. The recovery was found in the range from 99.65% to 100.76%. The relative standard deviation was found in the range from 0.429% to 0.845%. The proposed method possesses high sensitivity, accuracy and rapid response. Finally, this method was successfully used to determine moexipril hydrochloride in tablets.

Development of Membrane Electrodes for the Specific Determination of Moexipril Hydrochloride in Dosage Forms and Biological Fluids

Three polyvinylchloride (PVC) membrane sensors for the determination of moexipril hydrochloride were prepared and characterized. The sensors are based on the use of the ion association complexes of moexipril cation with either ammonium reineckate (sensor 1) or tetraphenyl borate (sensor 2) or phosphotungistic acid (sensor 3) counter anions as ion exchange sites in the PVC matrix. The performance characteristics of these sensors were evaluated according to IUPAC recommendations, which reveal a fast, stable and linear response for moexipril over the concentration range of 10 -6 to 10 -2 M for the three sensors with cationic slopes of 29.1, 30.1 and 30.2 mV per concentration decade for the three sensors, respectively. The direct potentiometric determination of moexipril hydrochloride using the proposed sensors gave recoveries % of 99.64 ± 0.34, 99.34 ± 0.56 and 99.68 ± 0.42 for the three sensors, respectively. The sensors were used for determination of moexipril hydrochloride in pharmaceutical formulations and in plasma. Validation of the method shows suitability of the proposed sensors for use in quality control assessment of moexipril hydrochloride. The obtained results were in a good agreement with those obtained using the reported spectrophotometric method.

Application of a Validated, Stability-Indicating LC Method to Stress Degradation Studies of Ramipril and Moexipril.HCl

A stability-indicating reversed-phase liquid chromatographic (RPLC) method has been established for analysis of ramipril (RAM) and moexipril hydrochloride (MOEX.HCl) in the presence of the degradation products generated in studies of forced decomposition. The drug substances were subjected to stress by hydrolysis (0.1 m NaOH and 0.1 m HCl), oxidation (30% H2O2), photolysis (254 nm), and thermal treatment (80 °C). The drugs were degraded under basic and acidic conditions and by thermal treatment but were stable under other stress conditions investigated. Successful separation of the drugs from the degradation products was achieved on a cyanopropyl column with 40:60 (v/v) aqueous 0.01 m ammonium acetate buffer (pH 6)–methanol as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1 mL min−1. Detection was by UV absorption at 210 nm. Response was a linear function of concentration over the range 5–50 μg mL−1 (r > 0.9995), with limits of detection and quantitation (LOD and LOQ) of 0.04 and 0.09 μg mL−1, respectively, for RAM and 0.014 and 0.32 μg mL−1, respectively, for moexipril. The method was validated for specificity, selectivity, solution stability, accuracy, and precision. Statistical analysis proved the method enabled reproducible and selective quantification of RAM and MOEX as the bulk drug and in pharmaceutical preparations. Because the method effectively separates the drugs from their degradation products, it can be used as stability-indicating.

Simultaneous determination of moexipril hydrochloride and hydrochlorothiazide in tablets by derivative spectrophotometric and high-performance liquid chromatographic methods

Two new simple and selective assay methods have been presented for the binary mixtures of moexipril hydrochloride (MOEX) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) in pharmaceutical formulations. The first method depends on second-derivative ultraviolet spectrophotometry with zero-crossing measurements at 215 and 234 nm for MOEX and HCTZ, respectively. The assay was linear over the concentration ranges 1.0–11.0 μg ml −1 for MOEX and 0.5–9.0 μg ml −1 for HCTZ. The determination limits for MOEX and HCTZ were found to be 1.0 and 0.5 μg ml −1, respectively; while the detection limits were 0.2 μg ml −1 for MOEX and 0.1 μg ml −1 for HCTZ. The second method was based on isocratic reversed-phase liquid chromatography by using a mobile phase acetonitrile–20 mM phosphate buffer (pH 4.0) (50:50, v/v). Lisinopril was used as an internal standard (IS) and the substances were detected at 212 nm. The linearity range for both drugs was 0.5–12.0 μg ml −1. The determination and detection limits were found to be 0.100 and 0.010 μg ml −1 for MOEX and 0.025 and 0.005 μg ml −1 for HCTZ, respectively. The proposed methods were successfully applied to the determination of these drugs in synthetic mixtures and commercially available tablets with a high percentage recovery, good accuracy and precision.

Drug-excipient incompatibility studies of the dipeptide angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor, moexipril hydrochloride: dry powder vs wet granulation.

The drug-excipient incompatibility screen for moexipril hydrochloride (1) using various isothermal stress methods is reported herein. It was found that most of the commonly used filters, disintegrants, lubricants, glidants, and coating agents were incompatible with 1 in dry powder mixtures; moisture and basic (or alkalizing) agents were determined to be the dominant destabilizing factors. In wet granulations, basic agents, however, were found to suppress drug degradation even in the presence of moisture. Supported by the product distribution studies, the stabilization is proposed to involve the neutralization of the acidic drug by the basic excipients.