Modulation Of Micturition Reflex Research Articles

538 THE INHIBITORY EFFECT OF TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-BETA ON THE PROLIFERATION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF SATELLITE CELLS IN HUMAN URETHRAL RHABDOSPHINCTER

sure or maximum pressure at any doses tested. When AM251 was administered one voiding cycle before VDM11 administration, the increases in intercontraction intervals and threshold pressure induced by VDM11 administration alone were not seen. In contrast, when AM630 was administered before VDM11 administration, increases in intercontraction intervals and threshold pressure were still observed, as they were after VDM11 alone. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that anandamide transporters play an important role in the modulation of micturition reflex. Furthermore, these findings indicate that, in urethane-anesthetized rats, inhibition of the uptake of anandamide by VDM11 can inhibit the micturition reflex at least in part via activation of the CB1 receptor, but not the CB2 receptor. Thus, anandamide transporter inhibitors could be effective for the treatment of bladder dysfunction such as overactive bladder.

Gene gun particle encoding preproenkephalin cDNA produces analgesia against capsaicin-induced bladder pain in rats

Objectives To evaluate the efficacy of gene therapy using a gene gun or direct injection for the transfer of human preproenkephalin (PPE) plasmid cDNA using a capsaicin-induced bladder pain model in rats. Opioid peptides play an essential role in the modulation of micturition reflex and control of inflammatory pain. PPE is one such precursor molecule. Methods Human PPE cDNA was cloned into a modified pCMV plasmid and delivered into the bladder wall of adult female rats by direct injection or gene gun. At 4 and 7 days after gene therapy, continuous cystometrograms were performed under urethane anesthesia by filling the bladder (0.08 mL/min) with saline, followed by 15 μM capsaicin. Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect enkephalins in the bladder after PPE cDNA transfer. Results The intercontraction interval was decreased after intravesical instillation of capsaicin (65.0% and 63.1% decrease) in the control group or direct PPE gene injection group, respectively. However, the gene gun-treated group showed a significantly reduced response to capsaicin instillation at day 4 and day 7 (intercontraction interval 16.2% and 42.8% decrease, respectively). This analgesic effect was reversed by intravenous naloxone, an opioid antagonist (5 mg/kg). Increased enkephalin immunoreactivity in the bladder was observed in the gene gun-treated group at day 4, which was reduced at day 7. Conclusions The PPE gene can be effectively transferred and suppress the nociceptive response in the bladder using the gene gun method. These results support potential clinical application of PPE gene gun delivery system for the treatment of bladder pain and other types of visceral pain.

884. Gene Gun Particle Encoding Preproenkephalin (PPE) cDNA Produces Analgesia Against Capsaicin Induced Bladder Pain in Rats

Purpose: Opioid peptides play an essential role in the modulation of micturition reflex as well as control of inflammatory pain. Using a capsaicin-induced bladder pain model in rats, we evaluated the feasibility of gene therapy utilizing gene-gun method for the transfer of preproenkephalin (PPE) plasmid cDNA, which is one of the endogenous opioid precursor molecule.

Tachykinin receptor antagonists and modulation of micturition reflex in rats

Tachykinin receptor antagonists and modulation of micturition reflex in rats