Modification Of Parameters Research Articles

CineECG Repolarization Gradients Predict Acute Hemodynamic Response in CRT Patients.

A variable proportion of non-responders to cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) warrants the search for new approaches to optimize the position of the left ventricular (LV) lead and the CRT device programming. CineECG is a novel ECG modality proposed for the spatial visualization and quantification of myocardial depolarization and repolarization sequences. The present study aimed to evaluate CineECG-derived parameters in different pacing modes and to test their associations with acute hemodynamic responses in CRT patients. CineECG was used to construct the average electrical path within the cardiac anatomy from the 12-lead ECG. CineECG and LV dP/dt max were tested in 15 patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy and left bundle branch block (QRS: 170 ± 17 ms; LVEF: 26 ± 5.5%) under pacing protocols with different LV lead localizations. The CineECG-derived path directions were computed for the QRS and ST-T intervals for the anteroposterior (Xh), interventricular (Yh), and apicobasal (Zh) axes. In a multivariate linear regression analysis with adjustment for the pacing protocol type, the ST-T path direction Yh was independently associated with the increase in dP/dt max during CRT, [regression coefficient 639.4 (95% confidence interval: 187.9-1090.9), p = 0.006]. In ROC curve analysis, the ST-T path direction Yh was associated with the achievement of a 10% increase in dP/dt max (AUC: 0.779, p = 0.002) with the optimal cut-off > 0.084 (left-to-right direction) with sensitivity 0.67 and specificity 0.92. The acute hemodynamic response in CRT patients was associated with specific CineECG repolarization sequence parameters, warranting their further testing as potential predictors of clinical outcomes.

Influence of operation mode and anthropometric parameters in self-assessed productivity in office buildings

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a influência do modo de operação e de variáveis demográficas e antropométricas na produtividade autoavaliada de usuários de edificações de escritório com sistema de ventilação híbrido e central, em Florianópolis - SC. Os dados demográficos e antropométricos foram coletados por meio de questionários eletrônicos. A influência do modo de operação na produtividade foi analisada por meio de histogramas. Um modelo preditivo foi desenvolvido por meio de regressões lineares e quadráticas para identificar os parâmetros ambientais e demográficos/antropométricos que exercem influência na produtividade. Os resultados mostraram que não houve distinção da influência exercida por edificações híbridas ou com sistema de ar-condicionado central na percepção da produtividade. Apesar de o modelo preditivo não ter apresentado boa capacidade de explicar o desempenho dos usuários, evidenciou correlações estatísticas entre produtividade e temperatura operativa, gênero e idade. Concluiu-se que a percepção de produtividade dos usuários de escritórios é afetada pela configuração dos ambientes no clima subtropical úmido de Florianópolis.

ADJUSTMENT OF THE ELEMENTS OF THE FLOW PART OF THE HIGH-EFFICIENCY OF PUMP- TURBINE

The problem of the development of pumped storage power plants in Ukraine is considered, especially in the conditions of military operations, which damaged the energy infrastructure and created capacity shortage. The pumped storage power plants will help stabilize the power system by storing energy during periods of low load and efficiently using it during peak needs or accidents. All this has a positive impact on the role of energy autonomy and the integration of renewable energy sources. Efficiency increase of the hydro-turbine equipment of the PSPP requires the improvement of the water passage of the reversible hydraulic machines. This work shows that the creation of high-efficiency reversible hydraulic equipment depends on the correct selection of the geometry of the pater passage elements of the reversible hydraulic machines, consequently ensure the necessary level of energy characteristics of the hydraulic equipment. The equation of the optimal mode was used for the calculated assessment of kinematic and energy characteristics, analysis of their formation and search for rational variants that provide the specified requirements for the runner energy characteristics of the reversible hydraulic machines. Calculations are carried out using dimensionless kinematic parameters, which simplifies the process and eliminates the need for complex calculations. The numerical analysis data on the influence of the hydrodynamic parameters of the water passage on the parameters of the optimal mode can be used both for profiling the blade system of the runner, with the aim of improving energy characteristics (increasing power, efficiency level, etc.), and for modifying the blade system. The numerical study method for finding optimal variants of the runner blade system is given. The proposed approach was used to estimate the kinematic and energy characteristics of water passages of Francis turbines, as well as high-head reversible hydraulic machines ОRО200 and ОRО500 (both for basic and modified variants of the water passage).

External electric grid impact on mode parameters at a load node

Relevance. A passive experiment is one of the advanced techniques for a static load voltage characteristic identification. External electric grid impact on mode parameters at a load node – a grid response – sophisticates the statistical processing of passive experiment results significantly. For this reason, the analysis of a grid response impact and detection of its reduction are relevant problems. Aim. Quantitative evaluation of a grid response impact is produced by grid response active and reactive power coefficients; therefore the aim of this paper is to analyze the variance of grid response coefficients in relation on scheme and mode parameters. This allows finding techniques of reducing a grid response impact. Methods. Transformations of the Jacobi matrix, when scheme and mode parameters are formed as complex numbers. Results. The authors have proposed the analytic expressions, reproducing dependences of grid response coefficients on scheme and mode parameters in general variants. Conclusions. Based on the analytic and schematic dependencies the authors determined the measures for reducing a grid response impact. It is demonstrated that with increase in the impedance among power and load nodes, a grid response impact grows as well by active and reactive power. The authors proposed the practical technique for calculating a grid response impact. The perspective trends for improving accuracy in identifying a grid response impact using current mode and scheme parameters are defined.

Morphology and Properties of the Laser-Irradiated Composition “Chrome Coating — Copper Substrate”

Introduction. During pulsed laser processing and modification of the surface of non-ferrous alloys and coatings based on them, several still unresolved issues arise. In particular, the extreme thermal deformation conditions of laser processing are not linked to the peculiarities of structure formation and formation of properties in irradiated “coating — copper substrate” compositions. A metal physical analysis of the possibility and reasons for increasing the adhesion strength of coatings to a metal (copper) substrate during high-speed laser processing is insufficiently substantiated and evidence-based. To make a reasonable choice of technological parameters for the surface hardening mode of non-ferrous alloy products, as well as for obtaining high-quality workable composite layers on their surface, it is necessary to solve the above issues and tasks. The aim of this article is to determine the possibility and conditions for increasing the adhesion strength of a chrome coating to a copper substrate under laser irradiation of the composition.Materials and Methods. Metal physical studies in the work were carried out on samples of non-ferrous alloys of the Cu–Zn system with a chrome electrochemical coating with a thickness of 20 μm. The “copper substrate — chrome coating” composition was irradiated at a Kvant-16 installation with a radiation power density of 70–250 MW/m2. Metallographic structural analysis, scanning probe microscopy, and durometric studies were used in the work.Results. It has been calculated that the dynamic and thermal stresses arising in the laser-irradiated compositions “chrome coating — copper substrate” were about 320 MPa. Metal physical studies revealed that, in extreme thermal deformation conditions of laser treatment, the effect of contact melting was manifested at the boundary of the coating with the copper base. Dynamic recrystallization occurred in the surface layers of the irradiated L62 copper alloy, resulting in the formation of grains with a size of 4.5–5.0 μm on the surface of the alloy with an initial grain size of 25 μm.Discussion and Conclusion. It has been found that the adhesion strength of a chrome coating to a copper alloy substrate increased laser irradiation at a radiation power density of 150 MW/m2. This was due to the formation of a transition region 2–4 μm deep in the contact zone with a structure consisting of sections of mutually insoluble solid solutions based on chromium and copper. Based on the analysis of the copper —chromium state diagram and the model of the temperature field under laser irradiation of the chromium coating, it was suggested that contact melting occurred in the transition zone from the coating to the copper substrate. It was shown that thermostrictive stresses, the calculated quantitative values of which were about 320 MPa, had an initiating effect on the observed processes of structure formation in the laser irradiation zones. It was found that such a level of stresses arising in copper alloys under laser irradiation was sufficient for plastic deformation and dynamic recrystallization of the metal and contributed to the formation of a fine-grained structure (4.5–5.0 μm) with an initial grain size of 25 μm. An analysis of the results of studies of irradiated compositions "coating — copper substrate" allowed us to conclude that they expanded the technological capabilities of the laser method of hardening materials and ensure guaranteed high performance of irradiated products with coatings

Long Term Ventilation in Pediatric Central Apnea: Etiologies and Therapeutic Approach over a Decade.

This retrospective study aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics, ventilatory strategies, and effectiveness of ventilation in pediatric patients with central apneas treated at the Sleep Medicine and Long-Term Ventilation Unit of the Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital in Rome from 2012 to 2022. Among all ventilated patients at our Center from January 2012 to December 2022, we retrospectively included children with a cAHI ≥ 1 events/h on baseline poly(somno)graphic study. Additional parameters assessed included the underlying disease, type of ventilation (non-invasive vs. invasive), age at ventilation onset, ventilation mode, and transcutaneous capnometry parameters. To assess the effectiveness of ventilation on central apneas, we compared the cAHI at baseline and on ventilation. Sixty-seven patients met the inclusion criteria for central apnea (cAHI > 1 events/h). Diagnoses included hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, 15 (22.4%); Ondine syndrome, 14 (20.9%); polymalformative syndrome, 10 (14.9%); Prader-Willi syndrome, 8 (11.9%); brain tumor, 6 (9.0%); Down syndrome, 4 (6.0%); ROHHAD syndrome, 2 (3.0%); other infrequent pathologies were, Arnold-Chiari II, primary central apnea, epilepsy, lisosomal diseases, hydrocephalus, myopathy, obesity, Rett Syndrome. Pressure-supported ventilation (PSV) was the most common mode used (45 out 67 patients, 67.2%), followed by pressure-controlled ventilation (PCV) (15 out 67 patients, 22.4%) and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) (7 out 67 patients, 10.4%). Statistically significant improvement (p < 0.05) in cAHI was observed in patients with polymalformative syndrome (3.5 vs. 0.3, p = 0.01), hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (3.1 vs. 0.1, p = < 0.01), and Prader-Willi syndrome (3.5 vs. 0.1, p = 0.03), while there was no significant improvementn in children with brain tumor (6.2 vs. 1.5, p = 0.21). Central apneas are present in children with various underlying pathologies. Ventilatory strategies tailored to the specific diagnosis and severity of central apneas yield significant improvements in cAHI. PSV was the preferred ventilation mode in this study and there was notable effectiveness across different diagnostic categories. PCV was employed in most severe cases. CPAP was exclusively used in patients with predominantly obstructive sleep apneas.

Efficient multi-objective Bayesian optimization of gas–liquid photochemical reactions using an automated flow platform

We developed an automated platform capable of performing photochemical gas–liquid reactions. The platform was augmented with a state-of-the-art Bayesian optimization algorithm and was tested on the decatungstate-catalyzed aerobic oxidation of ethyl benzene, to optimize both yield and productivity, and identify the Pareto front of these objectives. Although photochemical gas–liquid systems are highly complex due to numerous interactions between the parameters, including effects on mass-transfer, gas solubility and light absorption, the algorithm demonstrated impressive speed to navigate the parameter space towards optimal conditions. Furthermore, this approach also proved highly flexible, allowing for modification of objectives and parameter ranges on the fly. The identified conditions were then tested on a select scope of substrates, to better understand the generality of these conditions, especially on molecules where selectivity comes into play. The results show the platform to be a useful tool for reaction optimization and process intensification.

MS O07 - OGC ‘Textbook Outcome’ for Gastrectomy: Redefining a Valid Composite Measure Assessment Tool for Surgical Performance in a Specialist Unit within the United Kingdom

Abstract Background A ten-item composite measure defining ‘textbook outcome’ (TBO) following oesophagogastric cancer surgery was proposed to benchmark surgical quality. While subsequent studies have demonstrated an association between TBO and improved survival, the reported proportion of patients who meet all the required criteria remained consistently low. Postoperative complications of Clavien-Dindo grade ≥2 (CD≥2) commonly preclude TBO, despite evidence that minor complications are unlikely to influence long-term outcomes. This study aimed to assess whether modification of TBO parameters to Clavien-Dindo grade ≥3 (CD≥3) is associated with improved overall survival in patients undergoing gastric cancer surgery within an UK specialist unit. Method Consecutive patients who underwent a surgical resection for gastric cancer, at a single tertiary centre between January 2016 and December 2019, were identified from a prospectively maintained regional database. Patients were included irrespective of (neo)adjuvant treatments. Data collected included clinicopathological characteristics, treatment modalities and postoperative outcomes. Comparisons were drawn between patients who met all the parameters defining TBO and those who did not, using both CD≥2 and CD≥3 classifications for ‘major’ complications. The primary outcome of interest was overall survival. Results Sixty-seven patients (median 70 years, 61.2% male) underwent resection for gastric cancer during this study. Of these, 27 patients (40.3%) achieved TBO based on a CD≥2 complication grading and 38 patients (56.7%) when CD≥3 was used. Clinicopathological characteristics were all comparable between TBO groups based on both cut-offs. Improved overall survival was evident with a CD≥3 TBO (p=0.026), however not with CD≥2 TBO (p=0.430). Following adjustment for confounding variables, CD≥3 TBO remained associated with improved overall survival (HR: 0.30 (95% CI: 0.10-0.93), p=0.037) while CD≥2 TBO was not (HR: 0.64 (95% CI: 0.21-1.93), p=0.428). Conclusion Textbook outcome is a multi-parameter metric for benchmarking quality in gastric cancer surgery. Modification of the complications parameter required for TBO to CD≥3 in our patient population resulted in a stronger association with overall survival amongst patients undergoing surgical resection for gastric cancer.

Consideration of the Transient Resistance at the Contact System Fault Location Based on the Emergency Mode Parameters

Consideration of the Transient Resistance at the Contact System Fault Location Based on the Emergency Mode Parameters

Exploring the phase composition and crystal structure of potassium-doped copper sulfide

This study investigates the phase composition, crystal structure, and phase transitions of potassium-substituted copper sulfide (KxCu1.97-xS), focusing on the effects of potassium doping on the material’s properties. Using X-ray diffraction analysis, we identified the structural characteristics of potassium-doped variants, confirming their retention of the monoclinic chalcocite structure (P21/c) with slight modifications in lattice parameters. The incorporation of potassium ions resulted in observable changes in the unit cell dimensions, suggesting enhanced ionic interactions and potential impacts on electronic conductivity. The thermoelectric coefficient, electro-conductivity, and thermoelectric power were also examined, revealing that potassium doping could stabilize certain phases under varying temperature conditions. This work provides valuable insights into the structure-property relationships in copper sulfides, highlighting the potential for tailored materials in thermoelectric applications and other advanced technologies. Future studies will explore the implications of these findings for optimizing the performance of potassium-doped copper sulfides in practical applications.

An In Vitro Platform for Pharmacokinetic Quantification and Optimization of Cerebrospinal Fluid Filtration and Drug Circulation

Abstract Modification of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) transport dynamics is an expanding method for treating central nervous system injury and diseases. One application of this route is to modify the distribution of solutes in the CSF; however, few tools currently exist for this purpose. The present study describes the use of a subject-specific in vitro CSF phantom to perform a parametric evaluation of the Neurapheresis™ CSF Management System (NP) for both CSF filtration and intrathecal drug circulation. An in vitro CSF phantom was constructed which included realistic anatomy for the complete subarachnoid space (SAS). This platform was configured to test multiple parametric modifications of a dual-lumen catheter and filtration system. Calibrated mapping of tracer distribution and area under the curve (AUC) measurements were used to compare filtration and intrathecal-circulation schemes using the NP device versus the clinical standards of care. The NP device showed potential advantages over lumbar drain (LD) for clearance of simulated subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), especially in the spinal canal. Use of the NP device in combination with simulated intracerebroventricular (ICV) drug infusion resulted in an increased extent and uniformity of tracer spread compared to ICV alone. NP improved clearance of simulated subarachnoid hemorrhage compared to LD and increased uniformity of tracer concentration via simulated ICV, providing support for NP use in these scenarios. The in vitro CSF phantom system presented here quantitatively described the effects of parametric boundary modification on solute distribution in the intrathecal space.

Equilibrium oxygen isotope fractionation in Mg(OH)2-Ca(OH)2-H2O: Implication from in situ high-temperature and high-pressure vibrational spectra

Abstract Equilibrium oxygen isotope fractionations have been extensively studied between H2O and minerals (like brucite-type hydroxides) in isotope geochemistry. In this study, pure 18O-enriched hydroxides were synthesized through reactions between M3N2 (M = Mg and Ca) powders and H218O water. In situ high-temperature (T) and high-pressure (P) Raman and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra were systematically collected for these phases. The observed 18O-16O effect on the frequency shifts aligns with the theoretical model, and has little impact on the anharmonic O-H potential well. The calculated intrinsic anharmonic parameters (ai) for both lattice and OH-stretching modes are essentially identical between M(16OH)2 and M(18OH)2, satisfying the classical limit for the Helmholtz free energy at extremely high temperature. Based on the measured vibrational data, the equilibrium oxygen isotope fractionation β(T,P) factors were modeled for both hydroxides. Both the intrinsic and external anharmonic contributions are smaller than the experimental uncertainties, and this model is also validated by ab initio calculation. Next, the 103·lnα(T) profiles were computed between brucite/portlandite and H2O, which are consistent with the reported oxygen isotope exchange measurements above 200 °C. Additionally, the discrepancy between this equilibrium model and the precipitation experiment below 120 °C also provides useful information for investigating the mechanism of kinetic isotope fractionation. The predicted 103·lnαbrucite-portlandite(T) curve also agrees well with points inferred from the 18O-16O exchange measurements, while the pressure effect can be ignored for 18O-16O fractionations. Therefore, vibrational spectroscopic measurements, including both Raman and infrared spectroscopies, have valuable applications in studying equilibrium non-metallic isotope fractionations in minerals.

Is Socket Flexion Alignment Associated With Changes in Gait Parameters in Individuals With an Above-knee Amputation and a Hip Flexion Contracture?

A hip flexion contracture (HFC) results in an inability to extend the hip by reducing the ROM of the affected hip. The condition affects one in four patients with above-knee amputations on the amputation side. While HFC in other disorders is known to decrease hip ROM and increase pelvic tilt during gait, its impact on the gait of patients with above-knee amputations remains unexplored. Typically, prosthetists design the socket with a flexion angle matching the HFC, potentially leading to compensations during the posterior stance phase of the gait cycle. To our knowledge, little is known about how or whether these compensations relate to the socket's flexion alignment. (1) Is the presence of HFC associated with modifications of spatiotemporal and kinematic parameters during gait in patients with an above-knee amputation? (2) Is there a correlation between the socket flexion angle and the spatiotemporal and kinematic parameters during gait in patients with an above-knee amputation with and without HFC? A comparative observational study was conducted between February 2022 and June 2023. Thirty-two participants with unilateral above-knee amputations who had undergone amputation at least 1 year prior and had a minimum of 1 month of experience with their current prostheses were eligible for consideration and included in the study. After the trial, 1 of 32 participants was excluded due to other impairments affecting gait, and 9% (3 of 32) were excluded because of pain or discomfort during data acquisition on their gait, leaving 88% (28 of 32) of participants included in the analysis. The median (IQR) age of participants in the HFC group (n = 13) was 50 years (26 to 56); 85% (11) were male and 15% (2) were female. The median (IQR) age of participants in the noHFC group (n = 15) was 41 years (32 to 56), and 100% were male. Time since amputation was similar between groups (HFC median 8 years [IQR 3 to 21], noHFC median 6 years [IQR 1 to 9], difference of medians 2; p = 0.31). Thirty-two percent (9 of 28) of patients were classified according to the Medicare Functional Classification Level system as K4 (exceeding basic ambulation skills) and 68% (19 of 28) were classified as K3 (ability to walk with variable cadence and traverse most environmental barriers). Clinical and prosthetic measurements were made, which comprised measurement of the HFC using a hand-held goniometer with the patient in the modified Thomas test position, the socket flexion alignment, and the difference (δ) between the HFC and socket flexion alignment. A gait analysis was performed with an optoelectronic system equipped with six infrared cameras and two force plates to analyze the time-distance and kinematic parameters of gait. To answer our first question, we quantitively compared the gait spatiotemporal and kinematic parameters between groups, and for the second question, we evaluated the correlations between the same parameters and prosthesis alignment for both groups. During gait, the HFC group exhibited reduced mean ± SD residual hip ROM in comparison with the noHFC group (35° ± 6° versus 44° ± 6°, mean difference -9° [95% CI -13° to -6°]; p < 0.001), increased pelvic tilt (11° ± 6° versus 7° ± 3°, mean difference 4° [95% CI 1° to 8°]; p = 0.02), increased pelvic rotation (12° ± 3° versus 9° ± 2°, mean difference 3° [95% CI 2° to 6°]; p < 0.001), and increased trunk rotation (15° ± 5° and 12° ± 2°, mean difference 3° [95% CI 0° to 6°]; p = 0.04). Greater δ correlated with decreased ROM in the contralateral hip (r = -0.71; p = 0.006), pelvis (r = -0.77; p = 0.002), and trunk (r = -0.58; p = 0.04) in the sagittal plane and with increased residual hip ROM (r = 0.62; p = 0.02). In terms of spatiotemporal gait parameters, in the HFC group, the δ correlated with an increase in contralateral step width (r = 0.58; p = 0.04) and a decrease in prosthetic step length (r = -0.65; p = 0.02). Our findings further suggest that physiotherapists should consider the pelvic and trunk compensations associated with HFC in their rehabilitation because of potential long-term effects, such as low back pain or osteoarthritis. In addition, the correlation between the socket flexion angle and the parameters involved may support prosthetists in their choices of prosthetic settings. For now, we cannot consider these compensations as an impaired gait syndrome, and future studies are needed to evaluate their impact on patients' quality of life. Level III, therapeutic study.

Shadows and quasinormal modes of rotating black holes in Horndeski theory: Parameter constraints using EHT observations of M87* and Sgr A*

One way to test the presence of scalar & vector fields in the spacetime of black holes is to get constraints on the fields and black hole parameters using astrophysical observations such as black hole shadow, quasiperiodic oscillations, etc. In this work, we aimed to investigate spacetime properties around black holes in Horndeski gravity. First, we obtain a rotating black hole solution using the Newman–Janis Algorithm (NJA), and we study the event horizon, statistic limits, and ergoregion of the black hole spacetime. In addition, we calculate the effective gravitational mass of the black hole. We derive equations for null geodesics and show the combined effects of the black hole spin and Horndeski gravity parameter on the shadow shape of the black hole and its radius distortion. We find that black hole spin and Horndeski parameters cause an increase in the values of shadow radius and its deformation. Next, we obtain constraints for the upper and lower values for black hole spin and Horndeski parameters using event horizon telescope (EHT) data from Sgr A* and M87*shadow sizes. Finally, we investigated the shadow radius, equatorial, and polar quasinormal modes using the geometric-optic relationship between the parameters of the quasinormal mode and the conserved values along the geodesics in the spacetime of the rotating Horndeski black hole.

Advanced modelling techniques for magnetohydrodynamic Casson fluid squeezing flow via generalized fractional operators with neural network scheme

Abstract This paper aims to simulate and examine the unstable squeezed circulation of fractional-order (FO) magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) Casson fluid via a permeable medium. The Casson fluid system performs an essential role in comprehending the characteristics of non-Newtonian fluids, including toothpaste, condiments, printing substances and plasma circulation. The outcomes of this investigation are significant because previous research has not addressed the unsteady circulation of Casson fluid in a fractional nonsingular kernel and neural network-based stochastic context, considering the indicated consequences. An exceptionally dynamic ordinary differential equation is produced by using fractional calculus in combination with similarity transforms. After that, the predicted problem is addressed employing an amalgam of the Laplace transform in the Caputo-Fabrizio, modified Atangana-Baleanu-Caputo fractional derivatives operators, and the $q$-homotopy analysis transform method, accompanied by no-slip boundary requirements. The responses and oversights at various points in the FOs are scrutinized, along with previous findings, in order to ensure reliability. In terms of precision, $q$-HATM findings outperform other outcomes that are accessible in research. The focus of this research is on the influence of FOs on the velocity distribution, skin friction coefficient (SFC) and practices of relevant fluid factors. To find out how relevant fluid components affect the velocity distribution and SFC, an extensive, qualitative and visual evaluation is carried out. It was discovered through evaluation that the FO shows an analogous impact for both positive and negative squeezing numbers. Additionally, as the FO increases, SFC reduces. Analysis revealed that the FO exhibits a similar effect with regard to positive and negative compression numbers. Furthermore, SFC decreases with increasing FOs. Additionally, a highly effective stochastic method employing artificial neural networks (ANNs) and a back-propagated Levenberg-Marquardt (BPLM) procedure is generated to explore the effect of different parameter modifications on the SFC, velocity distribution, as well as various fluid factors. Multiple effectiveness measures were developed according to mean absolute deviations (MAD), erroneous Nash-Sutcliffe effectiveness (ENSE), and Theil's inequity coefficient (TIC) in order to verify the preciseness, productivity, and computing cost of the ANN-BPLM algorithms. The outlined scheme's analytical findings are verified through comparison using numerical outcomes obtained through the $q$-HATM, artificial intelligence strategies like NARX-LM, and the least squares methodology (LSM). The outcomes indicate the resilience and accuracy of the layout procedure by demonstrating that the average percentage of errors in our proposed outcomes in terms of ENSE, TIC, and MAD is nearly zero.&amp;#xD;

Parameter analysis in stereoelectroencephalography-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation: A common basis for objective comparison between protocols

ObjectiveStereoelectroencephalography-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation (SEEG-guided RF-TC) is an invasive procedure based on stereotactic lesioning of cortical targets in the brain using bipolar current through electrode contacts within the SEEG implant. To date, several RF-TC protocols have been described in the literature; however, a consensus has yet to be reached. This work aims to analyze the electrical parameters during RF-TC processes, offering a method to objectively describe and compare different SEEG-guided RF-TC protocols. MethodsThe study included patients who underwent RF-TC procedures at the IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna from February 2022 to May 2023. During each procedure, modifications of the following parameters were measured: voltage, current, impedance, and electric power. An ad-hoc algorithm was implemented to detect abrupt impedance raises, which reflects the occurrence of the thermocoagulation. A two-sample t-test was used to compare parameter curves in RF-TC of different brain structures. ResultsA total of ninety-two RF-TC procedures were performed in eight patients according to a standardized protocol. During each procedure, impedance levels started at about 700Ω and rose up to 1300Ω, displaying an erratic pattern characterized by one or multiple raises. All measured parameters exhibited similar trends until the first peak, after which changes were influenced by the frequency of impedance raises. No significant correlations were observed between parameter modifications in distinct anatomical sites of RF-TC. SignificanceThe systematic analysis of electrical parameters may represent a reliable tool to compare different RF-TC protocols, paving the way for identifying optimal configurations for SEEG-guided RF-TC procedures in the future.

Exploring the Performance Impact of Neural Network Optimization on Energy Analysis of Biosensor

With the popularization of new energy vehicles, lithium battery systems, as the main components of new energy vehicles, have the characteristics of short life cycles and harmful substances inside. The green treatment of lithium battery systems has become a research hotspot. Disassembly and recycling are essential means of reusing waste in lithium battery systems. Due to the wide variety of lithium battery systems, the lack of unified design standards, and the high flexibility requirements for disassembly, manual disassembly is currently the primary method used. However, this method can cause health hazards to oneself when dismantling some harmful components. The optimization of the dismantling process route for lithium batteries is a crucial step before dismantling, which directly determines the economic benefits of dismantling. However, unlike general electromechanical products, lithium batteries have prominent safety issues during the dismantling process, so the safety requirements for their dismantling process route are relatively high. Given the substantial absence of parametric evaluation and modification in prior research, this work investigates the influence of the most significant factors on the power density of biosensors. A conduction-based framework was employed to ascertain these variables, and the calculations were performed utilizing a neural network. The neural network was developed with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). Based on this, this article considers studying the optimization method of the lithium battery safety disassembly process to maximize safety and economic benefits comprehensively. Based on the essential characteristics of lithium-ion battery systems, an analysis is conducted on the allocation method of difficulty level for human-machine cooperation tasks and the impact indicators of task allocation. Then, a product disassembly hybrid diagram is established, and on this basis, multiple sets of human-machine cooperation disassembly sequences are generated. Finally, a multi-objective optimization model for disassembly cost, difficulty, and time is established. Finally, taking the Tesla Model 1sPBS waste lithium battery as an example, the safety prediction model for dismantling the waste lithium battery and the optimization model for the safety dismantling process route were solved to verify the effectiveness of the above optimization method.

Effects of Dapagliflozin on myocardial performance in non-diabetic patients with Heart failure with reduced and mid-range ejection fraction (DAPA ECHO trial)

Abstract Background Sodium-glucose cotransporter type-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) showed to reduced morbidity andmortality in HF patients. The aim of this study was to assess potential effects of dapagliflozin in non-diabetic patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced and mildly reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF and HFmrEF) on cardiac function assessed by speckle tracking echocardiography (STE). Methods This randomized, prospective, single-center, open-label trial compared consecutive non-diabetic outpatients with HFrEF or HFmrEF receiving dapagliflozin with patients treated with optimal medical therapy (OMT) except SGLT2i (Fig.1). Primary endpoint was the modification of left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain (GLS), diastolic function (as peak atrial longitudinal strain, PALS) and right ventricular (RV) function by STE from baseline to 6 months. Cardiovascular events and parameters of congestion were assessed as safety-exploratory endpoints. Results Overall, 88 patients (38% HFmrEF) were enrolled and randomized to start dapagliflozin on top of OMT (n=44) or to continue with OMT (n=44). All STE values improved in dapagliflozin group after 6 months, while there was a non-significant improvement in OMT group (Fig.1). Moreover, when comparing the modification of STE parameters at follow up in HFrEF and HFmrEF patients, only the main treatment effect resulted statistically significant in both groups (p&amp;lt;0.0001), indicating a significant difference between dapagliflozin and OMT. Conclusions This study provided randomized data on the beneficial effect of dapagliflozin in non-diabetic patients with HFrEF and HFmrEF in terms of myocardial performance measured by the most sensitive echocardiographic technique i.e. STE. This suggests its usefulness for LV reverse remodeling and better quality of life in patients with HFrEF and HFmrEF.

About expediency of changing the connection diagram of hot water supply units

PURPOSE. The article is devoted to an urgent problem for domestic district heating. A widespread situation is considered when consumers from heat supply systems with a closed connection scheme for hot water supply plants are switched to an open heat supply system from a thermal power plant. METHODS. Study of operating modes of operating heat supply systems was performed. Data collection was carried out using an online system for monitoring and commercial accounting of energy resources. Methodology for calculation of compared mode parameters is proposed. RESULTS. Using the example of the existing heat supply system, it is shown that the effect of the measure to switch subscribers of uneconomical boiler houses to heat sources with combined heat and power generation is leveled by legislative restrictions on the development of open heat supply systems, as well as by the regulatory method for determining heat consumption in hot water supply systems. The main technical and economic indicators were selected for comparative analysis of the operation of the centralized heat supply system in conditions of complete switching of hot water supply plants according to an open circuit and in the presence of a certain number of hot water supply plants with a closed connection scheme. CONCLUSION. The period of inefficient operation of the centralized heat supply system was determined and the amount of annual economic damage was calculated, which made it possible to prove the need to bring all schemes for connecting hot water supply plants in one heat supply system to a single type.

RSM Hybrid Modeling of a BSFC for a Single Cylinder Four Stroke CI Engine Fueled with Nano-additives Added to Diesel-biodiesel Fuel Blends

Introduction: The expanding need for fossil fuels emphasizes the necessity to comprehend renewable energy sources. Methods: This study examined the performance of a single-cylinder diesel engine using Jatropha biodiesel and aluminum dioxide—the research aimed to evaluate engine reactivity to compression ratio and load variations. The experiment employed with varitaion compression ratios. Results: This study used the Response Surface Methodology to find the best Brake Specific Fuel Consumption performance indicator location. The researchers used a Central Composite Design setup for analysis. A regression model employing the response surface approach was then created to predict fuel phase-out likelihood. Conclusion: This study examines multiple factors' effects. According to studies, Jatropha biodiesel and its blends may improve engine efficiency and lower brake-specific fuel consumption compared to diesel fuel. Minor input parameter modifications are needed to gain these benefits.