Environmental Modifications Research Articles

Seasonal Variation of Malaria Infections among Outpatients Attending Muhammad Abdullahi Wase Teaching Hospital Kano State, Nigeria

Malaria is a serious public health problem in Sub-saharan Africa including Nigeria, with the potential to increase significantly in response to seasonal changes. The aim of the study was to determine the influence of seasonal variations on the prevalence of malaria infection among outpatient attending Muhammad Abdullahi Wase teaching hospital Kano state, Nigeria. The objectives were to establishing the correlation between malaria infections and seasonal variations, and also determining the prevalence during different seasons, and evaluating the gender distribution of infection. The study was carried out from January to December, 2019, involving the use of microscopic examination of 840 blood samples using thick and thin film methods. Out of 840 patients examined (57.1%) had a malaria infection. Wet season had the highest prevalence rate of malaria infection (33.2%) than dry season (23.9%).There was a statistically significant differences (P<0.05) in the prevalence rate of malaria infection in relation to season. In relation to the gender females had higher (31.9%) prevalence rate of malaria infection than males (25.2%) and there was no significant difference in the prevalence rate of the infection in relation to sex (P>0.05). Concerning age groups, patients aged 26-30 years had the highest prevalence rate (9.04%), while those aged 40 and above had the lowest. However, the variation in prevalence among age groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05).This study confirmed that malaria infection still remains an important public health problem in the study area. Therefore, full implementation of adequate public health measures need to be undertaken to mitigate the endemicity of the disease, such as the Roll Back Malaria control Strategies as well as health education and environmental modifications are advocated is recommended.

Pharmacological treatment of canine and feline undesirable behaviors by Finnish veterinarians

Pharmacological treatment of canine and feline undesirable behaviors by Finnish veterinarians

The effects of obesity in childhood and adolescence: The role of physiotherapy: Review of reviews

Introduction: Obesity remains a growing global issue with its prevalence in the developed world increasing fourfold in recent decades. Childhood may represent a critical window of opportunity for intervention and prevention of long-term consequences. While physiotherapy has the practical potential to contribute to the treatment of childhood obesity, its role remains unclear due to a lack of specific guidelines. Aim: The aim of this review is to explore the existing literature to delineate, identify and evaluate the role of physiotherapy in the management of childhood obesity Method: A review was conducted of existing literature in 4 databases, Pubmed. Embase, Cinahl, Medline. Results: Of the original 273 articles collected based on title and abstracts, 36 were included which were reviews. Of these, 23 were systematic reviews and 13 were literature reviews. The interventions involved quality-oriented physical activity and quantity-oriented physical activity as well as combined interventions involving different disciplines. The physical therapy interventions for children with obesity that appear to be significantly effective are: First, multi-component interventions involving environmental modification and family involvement and second, quantity-based physical activity interventions Conclusion: Physical therapy in the treatment of children with obesity can play an important role as part of a multidisciplinary team (doctors, psychologists, teachers, trainers and others), evaluating and developing exercise programs with the ultimate goal of increasing quantitative physical activity, a practice that seems to yield the best results. Future studies should examine the impact of different rehabilitation programs depending on the individual characteristics of the children (profile, size of the problem, presence of comorbidities).

Regulation of Catalyst Immediate Environment Enables Acidic Electrochemical Benzyl Alcohol Oxidation to Benzaldehyde.

Electrocatalytic alcohol oxidation in acid offers a promising alternative to the kinetically sluggish water oxidation reaction toward low-energy H2 generation. However, electrocatalysts driving active and selective acidic alcohol electrochemical transformation are still scarce. In this work, we demonstrate efficient alcohol-to-aldehyde conversion achieved by reticular chemistry-based modification of the catalyst's immediate environment. Specifically, coating a Bi-based electrocatalyst with a thin layer of metal-organic framework (MOF) substantially improves its performance toward benzyl alcohol electro-oxidation to benzaldehyde in a 0.1 M H2SO4 electrolyte. Detailed analysis reveals that the MOF adlayer influences catalysis by increasing the reactivity of surface hydroxides as well as weakening the catalyst-benzaldehyde binding strength. In turn, low-potential (0.65 V) cathodic H2 evolution was obtained through coupling it with anodic benzyl alcohol electro-oxidation. Consequently, the presented approach could be implemented in a wide range of electrocatalytic oxidation reactions for energy-conversion application.

Geohelminthiases: Soil contamination and associated physicochemical parameters favouring ova dispersion in public schools in Ondo State, Nigeria.

Geohelminth infections are common diseases in sub-Saharan Africa and are a major contributor to setbacks in the socioeconomic and health status of people. This study assessed parasite ova/larvae dispersion in public schools and the associated physicochemical parameters in Akungba Akoko, Ondo Statestate, Nigeria. A total number of five hundred and sixteen (516) soil samples were collected from all the public primary schools (6) in the study area and examination was done in triplicate in all the primary schools in the community using standard procedures, a total of six thousand and twenty-eight (6,028) parasites were recovered after laboratory analyses; hookworm larvae n=2210 (36.66%), followed by Trichuris trichiura n=1572 (26.08%), hookworm ova, n= 1001 (16.61%), Strongyloides stercoralis ova, n= 636 (10.55%) and Ascaris lumbricoides ova, n= 600 (9.95%). The physico-chemical parameters of soil samples at different cardinal points within and around the study area revealed the highest pH (7.82 and the highest electrical conductivity (612.54mS/cm, soil temperature ranged from 22.61 and 26.08 and the highest total dissolved solid was 337.72ppm. Correlation analyses carried out on the recovered parasites with physicochemical parameters revealed that hookworm larvae showed a positive correlation with temperature, with a weak negative correlation with electrical conductivity and total dissolved solids, and Trichuris trichiura had a significant negative correlation with pH and total dissolved solids. The other parasites also showed varying correlations with the physicochemical parameters. Based on these findings, environmental modifications are recommended as an effective preventive measure. Harnessing the results of the physicochemical parameters in relation to the parasites, mass chemotherapy of schoolchildren, health education campaigns, improved sanitary conditions, provision of toilet facilities, and personal hygiene are equally recommended.

Degradation and molecular docking of Curli to scout aggregation complexion

Curli, an extracellular protein fibril produced by certain gram-negative enteric bacteria, is responsible for neuro-degenerative diseases due to spontaneous misfolding of soluble proteins. This study investigates the effect of denaturing agents (Urea, Guanidine Hydrochloride) and varying pH (2–11) on the conformation of Curli protein, isolated from E. coli PHL628, due to changes in the external environment. The study focuses on the changing dynamics of the protein using intrinsic fluorescence property, UV-absorption, fluorescence anisotropic measurements, and extrinsic fluorescence property with the help of interaction with 1-anilinonaphthalene-8-sulphonate (ANS). The data showed that the absorption maximum (λmax) of protein was altered in variation of denaturant concentration and buffer pH. Molecular docking results revealed the interaction of Curli with Urea and GdnHCl, by comparing structural changes. This study determines how denaturants and changes in the external environment cause denaturation or modification in the folded structure of Curli protein and provides insight into binding sites of Curli with denaturants.

Toward the elimination of NTDs: application of cost-effective and sensitive molecular environmental surveillance tools—a pilot study

Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) affect over a billion people worldwide. The 2021–2030 NTD road map calls for innovative and highly efficient interventions to eliminate or significantly reduce the burden of NTDs. These include sensitive and cost-effective diagnostic techniques for disease surveillance. Environmental surveillance has been employed effectively in this regard to measure and track infectious diseases such as polio on a population-wide scale. In this study, environmental surveillance was used as a cost-effective tool for the detection of soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) in Accra, Ghana, in an area that is populated by urban vegetable farmers. The activities of urban farmers expose them to the risk of STH infection, as well as impact the transmission in urban areas since leafy vegetables could carry infective stages of STHs. A total of 32 wastewater samples were collected from eight points on the Nima Creek (the main source of irrigation for the farmers) over a 7-week period. Real-time PCR and melt peak analysis were used to screen four STHs (i.e., Ascaris lumbricoides, Necator americanus, Ancylostoma duodenale, and Trichuris trichiura). This study revealed that A. lumbricoides (17 out of 32 wastewater samples, 53.3%) was the most prevalent STH, followed by A. duodenale (31.2%), T. trichiura (21.9%), and N. americanus (12.5%). Environmental surveillance helps in the detection of the types of STH pathogens circulating within the community and in the design of mass drug administration (MDA) strategies. This surveillance technique can also provide preliminary information for environmental modifications to help reduce STH transmission in line with the One Health approach recommended in the 2021–2030 NTD road map.

Comparison of feldspar and meta-halloysite geopolymers by alkaline and acidic activation

Geopolymerization, a sustainable route to advanced binders, has traditionally been explored using common activators and single precursors such as metakaolin. Although previous investigations have explored the potential of feldspathic minerals, particularly with metakaolin as a partial replacement, there remains a gap in understanding the nuances of feldspar-phosphate-based geopolymers. This study seeks to fill this gap by providing an in-depth investigation of the properties and reactivity behaviour of three different feldspar quarry wastes, each modified with meta-halloysite at a 15% inclusion rate. This research not only evaluates the effects of both acidic and alkaline activators on the resulting geopolymer properties, but also explores the broader implications of such modifications in different environments at ambient conditions. Using a series of experimental assessments, we have explored how the mineralogical and crystalline identities of these feldspars influence key aspects such as reaction kinetics, physico-mechanical performance, structural and microstructural properties, and even thermal behaviour. The results of the physico-mechanical properties showed that lower water absorption (i.e. less than 9.2%) as well as higher flexural (i.e. about 30 MPa) and compressive strength (i.e. about 40 MPa) can be achieved with the feldspar-based geopolymer in alkaline medium. In acidic medium, the highest flexural and compressive strengths were less than 10 and 19 MPa, respectively, with about 13.5% of water absorption. In acidic to basic medium, the highest cumulative pore volume of the geopolymers increases from 26.5 to 75.2 mm3/g, respectively. The outcomes of this study hold promise for tailoring geopolymer properties for various applications and provide a basis for further work in this area.

Generalising Planning Environment Redesign

In Environment Design, one interested party seeks to affect another agent's decisions by applying changes to the environment. Most research on planning environment (re)design assumes the interested party's objective is to facilitate the recognition of goals and plans, and search over the space of environment modifications to find the minimal set of changes that simplify those tasks and optimise a particular metric. This search space is usually intractable, so existing approaches devise metric-dependent pruning techniques for performing search more efficiently. This results in approaches that are not able to generalise across different objectives and/or metrics. In this paper, we argue that the interested party could have objectives and metrics that are not necessarily related to recognising agents' goals or plans. Thus, to generalise the task of Planning Environment Redesign, we develop a general environment redesign approach that is metric-agnostic and leverages recent research on top-quality planning to efficiently redesign planning environments according to any interested party's objective and metric. Experiments over a set of environment redesign benchmarks show that our general approach outperforms existing approaches when using well-known metrics, such as facilitating the recognition of goals, as well as its effectiveness when solving environment redesign tasks that optimise a novel set of different metrics.

Major Role of Marine Heatwave and Anthropogenic Climate Change on a Giant Hail Event in Spain

AbstractA severe hailstorm that occurred in Spain on 30 August 2022, caused material and human damage, including one fatality due to giant hailstones up to 12 cm in diameter. By applying a pseudo‐global warming approach, here we evaluate how a simultaneous marine heatwave (and anthropogenic climate change) affected a unique environment conductive to such giant hailstones. The main results show that the supercell development was influenced by an unprecedented amount of convective available energy, with significant contributions from thermodynamic factors. Numerical simulations where the marine heatwave is not present show a notable reduction in the hail‐favorable environments, related mainly to modifications in thermodynamic environment. Our simulations also indicate that the environment in a preindustrial‐like climate would be less favorable for convective hazards and thus the hailstorm event would likely not have been as severe as the observed one, being possible to perform a novel attribution of such kind.

Abstract 759: Soy protein diet changes metabolic profile in liver of 7,12-dimethylbenz(α)anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumors in obese zucker rats

Abstract Obesity is associated with the risk of certain types of cancers development including breast cancer. Previously, we reported that obesity increased mammary tumor development using obese Zucker rat model. Several studies have shown the health benefit of soy protein consumption. However, the effects of soy protein diet on liver of mammary tumor for oxidative stress and DNA reaction is less known. We used DMBA induced-mammary tumor model to investigate the effects of soy protein diet on pro-oxidative environment and oxidative DNA modification in liver of obese DMBA mammary tumors rats. Female obese zucker rats (n=45) were either fed casein as control (OC; n=20) or soy protein isolate (OS; n=25), received DMBA (65mg/kg BW) at the age 50 days and sacrificed 20 weeks later. We used HPLC-ECD, HPLC-UV and LC-MS techniques for liver metabolic analysis. Comparing liver of OS vs. OC, soy protein 1) decreased the level of Methionine (P<0.02), increased 2) free reduced Homocysteine (P<0.02), 3) S-Adenosylmethionine (SAM, P<0.03), 4) S-Adenosyhomocysteine (SAH, P<0.001) and 5) 5methyl-Cytosine (5mC, P<0.03). Also, soy protein decreased (P<0.003) level of free oxidized Glutathione (GSSG), increased (P<0.02) GSH/GSSG oxidative stress ratio, without any changes a level of free reduced Glutathione (GSH), followed decrease (P<0.04) in liver DNA level of 8-OH-Guanosine (8-OH-G) and level (P<0.02) of 5hmethyl-Cytosine (5hmC). Our results shows soy protein diet capable change liver metabolism: a. Modify a methylation status by increasing levels of SAM (universal methyl group donor) following global liver DNA hypermethylation (5mC), and SAH (methylases inhibitor); b. Alleviate level of oxidative stress in liver by decreasing level of GSSG (not active glutathione), increasing GSH/GSSG ratio (antioxidative capacities), following lower ROS liver DNA damages by decrease levels of 8-OH-G and 5hmC. In conclusion, using obese DMBA-induced mammary tumor Zucker rat model, soy diet making a complex and significantly modification of metabolic conditions in liver affecting both methionine cycle and transsulfuration metabolic pathways. Citation Format: Reza Hakkak, Stepan Melnyk. Soy protein diet changes metabolic profile in liver of 7,12-dimethylbenz(α)anthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary tumors in obese zucker rats [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 759.

A brief neuro-affirming resource to support school absences for autistic learners: development and program description

BackgroundEducation should be inclusive, nurturing each individual’s potential, talents, and creativity. However, criticisms have emerged regarding support for autistic learners, particularly in addressing disproportionately high absence levels within this group. The demand for accessible, person-centered, neuro-affirming approaches is evident. This paper provides a program description of a structured absence support framework, developed and implemented during and following the Covid-19 pandemic. We detail creation, content, and implementation.MethodsWe collaborated with stakeholders, reviewed literature and drew on existing theoretical frameworks to understand absence in autistic learners, and produced draft guidance detailing practical approaches and strategies for supporting their return to school. The final resource was disseminated nationally and made freely available online with a supporting program of work around inclusive practices.ResultsThe resource is rooted in neuro-affirming perspectives, rejecting reward-based systems and deficit models of autism. It includes key messages, case studies and a planning framework. It aims to cultivate inclusive practices with an autism-informed lens. The principles promoted include recognizing the child’s 24-hour presentation, parental partnership, prioritizing environmental modifications, and providing predictable, desirable and meaningful experiences at school. Feedback to date has been positive in terms of feasibility, face validity, and utility.ConclusionThis novel, freely available resource provides a concise, practical framework for addressing absence in autistic learners by cultivating a more inclusive, equitable, and supportive educational system in which autistic individuals can thrive.

Problems of realization of the right to a safe environment for life and health under martial law

The article is devoted to the study of problematic issues of realization of the right to a safe and healthy environment in the context of military aggression by the russian federation. It is emphasized that on February 24, 2022, the russian federation launched a war of aggression against the independence and territorial integrity of Ukraine, which is accompanied by the leveling of international humanitarian law, destruction of economic and natural resources, civilian and critical infrastructure, as well as numerous cases of violations of the environmental rights of Ukrainian citizens, in particular the right to a safe environment for life and health.
 The author formulates the features of the right to a safe environment for life and health: 1) it belongs to the complex of environmental rights; 2) it is enshrined in the Constitution and laws of Ukraine; 3) it applies to all persons, without reference to the citizenship of Ukraine; 4) it is realized by a person in order to satisfy his or her vital and physiological needs; 5) it is inalienable; 6) it acts as an opportunity for any person to satisfy his or her vital and physiological needs; 7) its realization does not require active actions on the part of citizens; 8) it is protected and defended in accordance with the procedure established by law.
 It is emphasized that the aggressor country resorts to nuclear blackmail, land contamination, pollution of soil, water, air, nature reserves, destruction of flora and fauna, which leads to violation of the provisions of the Convention on the Prohibition of Military or Any Other Hostile Use of Environmental Modification Techniques, Additional Protocol to the Geneva Conventions of 12.08.1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I).
 The documented crimes committed by the russian federation outlined in the article make it impossible to properly exercise the constitutional right to a safe environment for life and health, and Ukrainian citizens are unable to fully use environmental facilities and meet their own physiological needs with their help. The real extent of damage to the environment and the related long-term impact on public health from russian aggression can be assessed only after the war ends and all the territories of Ukraine are fully de­occupied.

Interaction of eugenol-based anti-tuberculosis nanoemulsion with bovine serum albumin: A spectroscopic study including Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, and Ethambutol

Tuberculosis (TB), a deadly infectious disease, is primarily caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The misuse of antibiotics has led to the development of drug resistance, prompting researchers to explore new technologies to combat multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis (MDR TB). Phospholipid-based nanotherapeutics, such as nanoemulsions, are gaining traction as they enhance drug solubility, stability, and bioavailability. Our study focuses on the interaction between Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA) and a drug-loaded nanoemulsion based on Eugenol. This nanoemulsion incorporates Eugenol, Clove, cinnamon oil, and first-line anti-tuberculosis drugs like Rifampicin, Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, and Ethambutol. The primary objective is to assess the biosafety profile of the nanoemulsion upon interaction with BSA. We employed Fluorescence, UV–visible, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to analyze this interaction.UV–visible spectroscopy detected changes in hydrophobicity due to structural alterations in BSA near the tryptophan residue, leading to the formation of ground-state complexes. Fluorescence spectroscopy demonstrated that the nanoemulsion effectively quenched fluorescence originating from tryptophan and tyrosine residues. Studies using synchronous and three-dimensional spectroscopy point to a potential modification of the aromatic environment of BSA by the nanoemulsion. Resonance light scattering spectra indicated the formation of large aggregates due to the interaction with the nanoemulsion. The second derivative FTIR spectra showed an increase in the magnitude of secondary structure bands, suggesting a conformational shift. This research has significant pharmacological implications for developing safer, more targeted drug delivery systems. The information obtained from the interaction of the nanoemulsion with the blood carrier protein is vital for the future development of superior carriers with minimal adverse effects on patients. It is crucial to remember that conformational changes brought on by drug-ligand complexes attaching to carrier proteins may have negative consequences. Therefore, this study enhances the in vitro evaluation of potential adverse effects of the nanoemulsion on serum proteins.

New insights into Gasdermin D pore formation.

Gasdermin D (GSDMD) is a pore-forming protein that perforates the plasma membrane (PM) during pyroptosis, a pro-inflammatory form of cell death, to induce the unconventional secretion of inflammatory cytokines and, ultimately, cell lysis. GSDMD is activated by protease-mediated cleavage of its active N-terminal domain from the autoinhibitory C-terminal domain. Inflammatory caspase-1, -4/5 are the main activators of GSDMD via either the canonical or non-canonical pathways of inflammasome activation, but under certain stimuli, caspase-8 and other proteases can also activate GSDMD. Activated GSDMD can oligomerize and assemble into various nanostructures of different sizes and shapes that perforate cellular membranes, suggesting plasticity in pore formation. Although the exact mechanism of pore formation has not yet been deciphered, cysteine residues are emerging as crucial modulators of the oligomerization process. GSDMD pores and thus the outcome of pyroptosis can be modulated by various regulatory mechanisms. These include availability of activated GSDMD at the PM, control of the number of GSDMD pores by PM repair mechanisms, modulation of the lipid environment and post-translational modifications. Here, we review the latest findings on the mechanisms that induce GSDMD to form membrane pores and how they can be tightly regulated for cell content release and cell fate modulation.

A theoretical investigation of SnZn dual-atom catalysts with different coordination environments for CO2 hydrogenation to HCOOH

This study investigates detailed reaction mechanisms and catalytic performance of a series of SnZnN6/G with different coordination environments (DM1, DM2, DM3, and DM4) for CO2 hydrogenation to HCOOH. To evaluate structural stability, formation energy calculations are conducted, and the calculation results show that four SnZnN6/G exhibit good stability. The research on reaction pathways shows that the optimal pathway on SnZnN6/G is CO2* + H2*→ HCOO* + H* → HCOOH*, and rate-determination step of CO2 to HCOOH is CO2* + H2*→ HCOO* + H* on SnZnN6/G. Additionally, the catalytic performance of SnZn dual-atom catalysts with different coordination environments is arranged in the following order: DM1 > DM2 > DM4 > DM3. The Mulliken charge calculation results indicate that DM1 exhibits pronounced charge fluctuations, potentially accounting for its high activity. In conclusion, it can be concluded that the modification of the coordination environment has a significant impact on the catalytic activity of dual-atom catalysts, and among the catalysts studied, DM1 stands out as a highly active catalyst for the hydrogenation of CO2 to HCOOH.

Hubungan Pola Asuh Orang Tua, Lingkungan Dan Pendidikan Terhadap Kemandirian Anak Di SDN Lanbau 01

A thesis is an important element in the higher education process, which is also proof of a student's integrity in applying the knowledge gained during their studies. However, the process of preparing a thesis is often faced with various problems, especially by final year students who experience high levels of anxiety. Independence is an attitude of being able to stand alone without depending on the people around him, especially parents, being able to choose and determine his own choices according to what he wants.The aim of this research is to determine the relationship between parenting styles, environment and education on children's independence at SDN Lanbau 01. The research method used by researchers is a correlational analytical research method with a cross sectional design. The data collection method involves using the Vineland Social Maturity Scale (VSMS) questionnaire to determine parental parenting patterns, environmental modification questionnaire, education level questionnaire, Parenting Style and Dimension Question (PSDQ). The results of this research obtained a P-value of 0.010, which means sig 0.010 0.05, so there is a correlation or relationship between parenting patterns and independence. Independence. If the P-value is 0.000, which means the sig value is 0.000 0.05, then there is a correlation or relationship between education and children's independence at SDN Lanbau 01. Based on the results of the analysis, parenting patterns, environment and education are related to children's independence at SDN Lanbau 01

Inclusive Learning System in Arabic Subjects for Mentally Retarded Students

This study aims to determine the application of an inclusive learning system in Arabic language subjects for mentally retarded students. This research is a qualitative study with a descriptive qualitative approach. This type of research is field research in which the data collection process is carried out directly in the field with case study techniques for mentally retarded children in Arabic classes at Al Firdaus Junior High School, especially in class IX. Data collection was done through interviews, observations and document studies. The data were analyzed using interactive data analysis techniques: data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results show that inclusive learning is implemented using a modification system that includes content, process, evaluation, product, time and learning environment modification. This means that the subject matter, learning process, type of evaluation, products to be produced, learning time and learning environment will be adjusted to the conditions and needs of students to help them gain comfort in learning, which will help them achieve the desired competencies. The obstacles encountered are related to moods that are sometimes not good, as well as difficulties in writing Arabic writing, reading, interpreting and memorizing.

Dementia friendly in the context of hospitalization: A concept analysis using the Walker & Avant Method.

To evaluate the literature to inform and propose a conceptual definition for dementia friendly in the context of hospitalization. The Walker & Avant method for concept analysis was utilized for this review. Initial search conducted June 2022. Repeated search conducted in February 2023. Databases for the literature search include Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and AGELINE. Five attributes of the concept of dementia friendly in the context of hospitalization were identified including: staff knowledge/education, environmental modification, person-centred care, nursing care delivery and inclusion of family caregivers. Based on these attributes a conceptual definition is proposed. A clarified definition for dementia friendly in the context of hospitalization will aid in understanding the concept, provide guidance for hospitals seeking to implement dementia-friendly interventions and benefit researchers aiming to study the impact of such programs. REPORTING METHOD: n/a. No Patient or Public Contribution.

Applying soundscape: A matter of participation

Defined as the acoustic environment understood by people in context, the soundscape encapsulates the myriad sounds that shape our daily lives (ISO12913 series). In the intricate tapestry of our sensory experiences, the soundscape emerges as a profound element, weaving together the diverse threads of auditory stimuli and social implications that surround us. Soundscape is not merely an assortment of sounds; rather, it is a complex interplay of natural and human-made elements that contribute to the acoustical and social identity of a place. Participation in the planning and modification of an acoustic environment requires an active and creative approach, it calls for a targeted engagement with the proposed redesigns or reorganizations. Participating in the soundscape approach also entails promoting acoustic ecology and the responsible management of acoustic environments. This involves efforts to minimize noise pollution, protect natural soundscapes, and create spaces where diverse sounds can coexist harmoniously. The paper will discuss different aspects of participation that offers numerous benefits, and as a participatory experience it opens new avenues for creativity, well-being, and community building in our ever-evolving acoustic living situations.