Modern World Research Articles

RECONFIGURING ARTHUR: THE ARTHURIAN LEGEND AS PALIMPSEST IN GUY RITCHIE’S KING ARTHUR: THE LEGEND OF THE SWORD (2017)

The Middle Ages have been a source of interest to audiences around the world nearly since the period ended until modern times. While many themes, stories and characters have been reimagined and recreated, or, in other words, palimpsested, no other has held as much sway as King Arthur, ‘the once and future king’, around whom a constellation of equally celebrated characters aligned and remain as one of the most widely acknowledged medieval legacies in the modern world. Focusing on cinema in particular, this study aims at analysing one of the most recent film adaptations of the Arthurian legend to the big screen, King Arthur: Legend of the Sword (Dir. Guy Ritchie, 2017), to understand how films and audiences engage in the process of scraping, erasing, and re-writing Arthur in the twenty-first century.

Stopping Speed in Response to Auditory and Visual Stop Signals Depends on Go Signal Modality.

Past research has found that the speed of the action cancellation process is influenced by the sensory modality/modalities of the environmental change that triggers it. However, the effect on selective stopping processes (where participants must cancel only one component of a multicomponent movement) remains unknown, despite these complex movements often being required as we navigate our busy modern world.

Town-forming role of industry in vladikavkaz during the years of soviet authority

The role of industry in the urban development of cities is increasingly attracting close attention against the backdrop of the variability of the modern world. Tracing this thematic chronology using the example of Vladikavkaz is relevant and applicable for cities of post-industrial Russia. The dynamics of spatial development of industry in the urban structure is a necessary vector for identifying the prospects for city development. This study covers the entire 235-year historical period of urban planning and architectural development of Vladikavkaz: the first part examines the initial period of 1784–1917, the second – the period of Soviet rule 1917–1990, the third – the final period from 1990 until now. The article represents the second part of the topic explored by the author.

The problem of stigmatization of mental disorders in Russia

The problem of discrimination of mentally ill people, its causes and consequences are analyzed in the article. The stereotypes about mentally ill people and various problems they face in the modern world are in the center of the author’s attention. As a result of the study it was revealed that due to low awareness, as well as under the influence of social moralism, culture, media and films, society has developed negative stereotypes about people with mental disorders

КОНЦЕПЦІЯ МОБІЛЬНОГО ЗАСТОСУНКУ ДЛЯ ПОКРАЩЕННЯ МЕНТАЛЬНОГО ЗДОРОВ’Я УКРАЇНЦІВ

The development of a mobile application to support the mental health of Ukrainians is a crucial task in the modern world, given the increasing challenges in this area. This paper explores the strategies and methods for planning the development of such an application, focusing on the analysis of user needs, defining key functional requirements, selecting technological solutions, and developing methods for evaluating effectiveness and user impact. The study emphasizes the importance of a user-centered approach, ensuring that the application meets the specific needs and challenges faced by Ukrainians regarding mental health. By carefully planning each stage of development and considering the cultural and social context of Ukraine, it is possible to create an effective tool to improve the mental well-being of the Ukrainian population.

Integration of AI into the Distance Learning Environment: Enhancing Soft Skills

Soft skills have become increasingly essential for success in the modern world, especially in the labor market, where employers value employees’ social and communication skills. Online education, which is an integral part of the educational process in Ukraine, is adjusting to the development of students’ soft skills. Integrating artificial intelligence tools into English language learning is becoming a new direction in soft skills development. This approach opens up new teaching strategies that make learning more effective, engaging, and innovative. While learning English, students develop communication, creativity, and critical thinking skills, which contribute to their educational process and prepare the foundation for employment. The study aims to 1) evaluate the impact of artificial intelligence on the development of students’ soft skills in online learning; 2) identify the most essential soft skills for their effective learning and future employment based on a student survey; 3) develop criteria for an online course using artificial intelligence and outline strategies for integrating the ChatGPT tool into distance learning English classes. To achieve the objectives of our study, we developed and processed a questionnaire, collected quantitative data, and analyzed and interpreted qualitative data; the study sample included 304 students. The questionnaire results showed a generally positive attitude of students towards using artificial intelligence in English for Specific Purposes courses. They opened up prospects for introducing an online course in the English for Specific Purposes program and further research, including an experiment with the introduction of this online course.

Цифровые технологии в образовательном процессе: потенциальные риски

Digital technologies are becoming an integral part of the modern world, constantly intersecting with various areas of our lives, including the field of education. At the same time, digital technologies have a certain impact on the educational process and, accordingly, on the quality of education in universities. In this article, the author analyzes this impact in the context of forecasting the occurrence of possible negative consequences. The pos-sible risks associated with the automation of the learning process, as well as the risks associated with an over-abundance of the introduction of digital platforms into the educational process, are considered. Further, the possibility of the emergence of some psychological problems as a result of prolonged contact with the digital space, such as a decrease in creative thinking, attention, memory, as well as the emergence of technological dependence, is discussed. Particular attention is paid to the problem of students completing tasks using artifi-cial intelligence technology. The final part of the article contains conclusions and recommendations concerning the optimal limit of digital technologies’ applicability in the educational process. The author emphasizes the need for a balanced approach to the use of digital technologies, taking into account their potential risks to the psychological health and self-development of students.

Rational design of CdS-enwrapped polypyrrole nanoparticles for wastewater treatment: removal of hazardous pollutants in aqueous solutions.

The modern world requires a chemical industry that can run at low production costs while producing high-quality products with minimal environmental impact. The development of environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and efficient wastewater treatment materials remains a majorproblem for the sustainable approach. We prepared nanoscale cadmium sulfide (CdS)-enwrapped polypyrrole (PPy) polymer composites for degradation of organic pollutants. The prepared CdS@PPy nanocomposites were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope (SEM), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and ultraviolet-visible(UV) absorption spectroscopy, indicating proper intercalation between CdS and PPy. Consequently, the catalytic efficiency of the synthesized hybrid nanocomposites was analyzed through the degradation of methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B (Rh B) under visible light irradiation. The measured degradation efficiency of the dye solutions under the photolysis process is about 18% and 23% for MB and Rh B dye, respectively. Furthermore, the recycle test result concludes that the CdS@PPy composite exhibits 91% and 89% of MB and Rh B dye degradation efficiency even at the 4th cycle, respectively. The positive synergistic impact of CdS and PPymay be the result of effective photocatalytic degradation of MB and RhB.

Solidarization of Russian Society: a Historiographical Analysis

Introduction. At present the relevance of the problem of solidarity of Russian society is   associated with the attempts of the countries of the Greater West to solve accumulated   problems through building an image of the enemy, which makes it possible to consolidate   national economies and effectively fight opposition forces within the country. In modern   Russian philosophy, a number of approaches to developing the concept of solidarity of   Russian society have developed. Despite this, many aspects of this problem still remain   insufficiently studied. Thus, this study analyzes various approaches to defining the solidarity   of society, which were formed in Russian philosophy; identifies the essential properties of   solidarity, and substantiates the thesis about the need to form new tools and mechanisms   of social order that will allow for the solidarity of society. The purpose of the presented   research is a historiographic analysis of the concept of solidarity in relation to Russian reality.   Methodology and sources. The methodological basis of this study is the principle of unity   of the historical and logical, as well as methods of analysis and synthesis. There were used   as sources the works of classics of Russian philosophical thought who developed the   concept of solidarity (I.S. Aksakov, N.Ya. Danilevsky, etc.), as well as the works of modern   Russian thinkers, such as Yu.V. Shkudunova, A.A. Efanov, allowing to identify the main   aspects of the problem of solidarity of Russian society.  Results and discussion. The authors of this article conducted a historiographical analysis   of the concept of “solidarization”. During the analysis, the main essential properties of   solidarity were identified, such as procedurality, value orientation, ideology, and complexity.   The relevance of the traditions of Russian religious philosophy for the development of the   problem of solidarity is also shown. The authors consider the solidarity of society as a set of   political, economic and sociocultural processes aimed at uniting society around an integral   system of values expressed by a single social ideology.  Conclusion. The modern world is in a phase of political turbulence, which has a direct   impact on all fundamental aspects of society. Their impact can be seen especially clearly in   the example of Russian reality. In these conditions, the survival of Russia depends on the   degree of unity of society as a guarantee of national security. 

Reservoir Assessment Tool version 3.0: a scalable and user-friendly software platform to mobilize the global water management community

Abstract. In the modern world, dams and the artificial reservoirs behind them serve the increasing demand for water across diverse needs such as agriculture, energy production, and drinking water. As dams continue to proliferate, monitoring water availability influenced by reservoir operations is now of paramount importance. The Reservoir Assessment Tool (RAT) is a data-driven software platform that integrates satellite remote sensing with hydrological models, enabling the estimation of key reservoir parameters such as inflow, outflow, surface area, evaporation, and storage changes. The earliest version of RAT (version 1.0) was set up for 1598 reservoirs around the world with limitations in functional robustness, updating frequency, and scalability. Some of these limitations on updating frequency and functional robustness were addressed in version 2.0 that was later made operational for the intergovernmental agency of the Mekong River Commission. Recognizing the need for scalability to mobilize the global water management community to benefit from satellite remote sensing, we hereby introduce RAT version 3.0. This version is optimized for accelerating open collaboration among users for continuous improvement and customization of RAT to enable reservoir management breakthroughs. RAT 3.0 represents a wholesale overhaul from the previous versions to empower the global community of users and developers in the spirit of the open-source movement. RAT 3.0 allows reservoir monitoring advancements and new functional developments that can be freely exchanged and seamlessly integrated for continuous evolution of the software. A centralized web application has also been established to facilitate the storage and dissemination of global reservoir monitoring information along with comprehensive training resources. RAT 3.0 aspires to bridge the traditional practices of water management community with the capabilities of satellite remote sensing. The global impact of the software can be expected to increase as uptake spreads, enabling a more sustainable and equitable utilization of our planet's water resources.

Therapeutic advances in obesity management: an overview of the therapeutic interventions

Obesity has become a global epidemic in the modern world, significantly impacting the global healthcare economy. Lifestyle interventions remain the primary approach to managing obesity, with medical therapy considered a secondary option, often used in conjunction with lifestyle modifications. In recent years, there has been a proliferation of newer therapeutic agents, revolutionizing the treatment landscape for obesity. Notably, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs), such as semaglutide, liraglutide, and the recently approved dual GLP-1/GIP RAs agonist tirzepatide, have emerged as effective medications for managing obesity, resulting in significant weight loss. These agents not only promote weight reduction but also improve metabolic parameters, including lipid profiles, glucose levels, and central adiposity. On the other hand, bariatric surgery has demonstrated superior efficacy in achieving weight reduction and addressing overall metabolic imbalances. However, with ongoing technological advancements, there is an ongoing debate regarding whether personalized medicine, targeting specific components, will shape the future of developing novel therapeutic agents for obesity management.

Security for Online Banking and Transaction

Technological developments have been growing at an alarming speed in the international arena. Internet is proudly one of the best in those. So, the banking sector is also making the best utilization of it. In this study based on ONLINE BANKING, it has been observed that the development of online banking has increased by leaps and bounds during the past few years. Concentrating on the Indian economy, the use of online banking is still in the developing stage. Today in India the scope of online banking is growing by a good decent rise in its usage. The rise in the usage of the Internet is the main criteria for development of online banking. This project helps us understand the how the online banking came into existence and its need in the modern world. It shows us the insights of the online banking in India. It helps us understand the opportunities and the challenges associated with the online banking in India.

A numerical study on fractional order financial system with chaotic and Lyapunov stability analysis

In the last few decades, academic research has focused more on financial problems and poverty levels. These are among the two major challenges of the modern world today. To understand the challenge of financial crisis and poverty in societies. This paper explains a deterministic financial system of non linear differential equations. Which aim to provide recommendations to address the twin challenges. In this fractional chaotic model, memory and chaos are portrayed as effects on a system. Financial systems of fractional order have three compartments: interest rate x(t), investment demand rate y(t) and price indexes rate z(t). For the first time, the Legendre wavelet approximation is applied to fractional order financial systems. A major objective of this process is to convert fractional differential equations (FDEs) into algebraic equations by using Legendre wavelets and their fractional integral operators. For residual analysis, convergence and stability analysis, we have used iteration methods and Legendre wavelets. This study indicates good results between the approximate and numerical solutions and that this method is efficient and accurate. Using the iteration method, we prove that the solution exists, while the contraction theory proves its uniqueness. The findings of this study will be extremely useful for future financial management. We have demonstrated the applicability and effectiveness of these methods by analysing numerical simulations for the fractional order financial model and the numerical simulation has been calculated by MATLAB programming.

Effects of Air Pollution on Morphological, Biochemical, DNA, and Tolerance Ability of Roadside Plant Species

Air pollution is a severe problem in the modern world. Urbanization, industrialization, and traffic emit air pollutants such as carbon monoxide (CO), nitrous oxides (NOx), hydrocarbons (HCs), and particulate matter into the environment. Plants can absorb air pollutants through stomata. They adversely affect the various metabolic and physiological processes of plant species. This review describes the impact of air pollution on plant health, morphologically, physiologically, and genetically, and the tolerance ability of plants located along roadside areas. Many morphological effects, like chlorosis, necrosis, leaf area, stomatal clogging, plant productivity, leaf falling, and reduction in flower yield, are observed due to the influence of air pollution. Air pollutants also damage the DNA and affect the biochemicals of the plants, as well as pH, relative water content (RWC), simple sugar, ascorbic acid (AA), total chlorophyll content (TCH), proline, and polyamines. Some plants located under pollution stress can mitigate air pollution. Plants with higher APTI values are more tolerant of air pollution, while those with the lowest APTI values can be used as an indicator of the rate of air pollution. There is much morphological, biochemical, and DNA damage noted in this review. Different strategies can be used to diagnose the effects of air pollution in the future and develop green belts to mitigate air pollution in pollution-stressed areas.

Anxiety and depressive personality disorders in the modern world

The study's significance lies in the multitude of challenges facing individuals today, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, military conflicts like the war in Ukraine, and the escalating rates of cancer morbidity and mortality. These factors contribute to the onset of anxiety and depressive disorders, disrupting various aspects of individuals' mental functioning and social interactions. Addressing these disorders effectively necessitates a comprehensive approach, combining pharmacological interventions with psychotherapeutic strategies under the guidance of specialized professionals. In this regard, the study is aimed at identifying aspects and features of the development of psychological problems and personality disorders in the modern world filled with various stressors. The leading methods of studying this problem are analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, comparison, experiment and systematisation of approaches that will help determine a wide range of mental disorders. Theoretical methods were used to analyze the literature and summarize theoretical material on anxiety and depressive disorders. Diagnostic methods were used to assess the psychological state of the study population. The study examines significant clinical syndromes and vegetative disorders that disrupt normal lifestyle, hinder daily activities, and impede professional growth. It evaluates the roles of psychologists, psychiatrists, and social workers in assisting individuals with anxiety disorders. It outlines preventive measures for anxiety and depression, while also delving into various types of anxiety disorders. The research proposes diverse methods to prevent emotional anxiety and instability. It underscores the importance of devising novel strategies for diagnosis and therapy, emphasizing a comprehensive approach involving psychotherapeutic support, medical intervention, and adaptive behavioral techniques. The findings of the study hold both practical and theoretical significance for professionals in psychology, psychiatry, psychoanalysis, and sociology who provide support for individuals with anxiety and depressive disorders. Furthermore, the insights provided may be pertinent to researchers and scholars investigating the psychological well-being of contemporary society amidst adverse external circumstances.

Legal regulation of combating child abduction in international family law

The obligation of states in accordance with the Convention on the Civil and Legal Aspects of International Child Abduction to carry out the immediate return of the child is not always effectively implemented due to the procedural defects of the Convention [1], which is confirmed by the practice of its application at the international level. Based on the analysis of the rulings of the European Court of Human Rights, some procedural gaps of the Hague Convention of 1980 [4] are investigated and ways to solve them are proposed. Today, in the conditions of war, solving the issue of child abduction is an urgent necessity not only in Ukraine, but in many European countries. Every year, the statistics of child abduction crimes are increasing in all countries of the world. The issue of non-implementation of foreign court decisions by countries is one of the biggest problems today. In order to fulfill the obligations imposed by the Convention of 1980, the states are obliged to create competent bodies and adopt legislation corresponding to the norms of the Convention. Actualization of children’s rights in the modern world is becoming one of the key tasks of every country. Application of international documents regulating procedural issues of cross-border child abduction in the countries of the European Union as an example for other countries. Regulation of the situation that provoked the international abduction of children also by the norms of international procedural law as an additional set of measures aimed at the fastest return of the child to his usual life, a simplified and shortened procedure for obtaining the status quo. There is an exclusive opinion in the world that in the absence of crimes related to the abduction or trafficking of children, relations regarding the return of children should be regulated only at the international level by concluding international treaties.

Hybrid image encryption using advanced least significant bit algorithm, chaotic maps and DNA encoding for digital healthcare

Security and privacy are major concerns in this modern world. Medical documentation of patient data needs to be transmitted between hospitals for medical experts opinions on critical cases which may cause threats to the data. Nowadays most of the hospitals use electronic methods to store and transmit data with basic security measures, but these methods are still vulnerable. There is no perfect solution that solves the security problems in any industry, especially healthcare. So, to cope with the arising need to increase the security of the data from being manipulated the proposed method uses a hybrid image encryption technique to hide the data in an image so it becomes difficult to sense the presence of data in the image while transmission. It combines Least Significant Bit (LSB) Algorithm using Arithmetic Division Operation along with Canny edge detection to embed the patient data in medical images. The image is subsequently encrypted using keys of six different chaotic maps sequentially to increase the integrity and robustness of the system. Finally, an encrypted image is converted into DNA sequence using DNA encoding rule to improve reliability. The experimentation is done on the Chest XRay image, Knee Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) image, Neck MRI image, Lungs Computed Tomography (CT) Scan image datasets and patient medical data with 500 characters, 1000 characters and 1500 characters. And, it is evaluated based on time coefficient of encryption and decryption, histogram, entropy, similarity score (Mean Square Error), quality score (peak signal-to-noise ratio), motion activity index (number of changing pixel rate), unified average changing intensity, image similarity score (structure similarity index measurement) between original and encrypted images. Also, the proposed technique is compared with other recent state of arts methods for 500 characters embedding and performed better than those techniques. The proposed method is more stable and embeds comparatively more data than other recent works with lower Mean Square Error value of 4748.12 which is the main factor used to determine how well the data is hidden and cannot be interpreted easily. Also, it achieved a Peak Signal-Noise Ratio (PSNR) value of 71.34 dB, which is superior than other recent works, verifying that the image quality remains uncompromising even after being encrypted.

The impact of creativity training on creative performance: A meta-analytic review and critical evaluation of 5 decades of creativity training studies.

Creativity is widely considered a skill essential to succeeding in the modern world. Numerous creativity training programs have been developed, and several meta-analyses have attempted to summarize the effectiveness of these programs and identify the features influencing their impact. Unfortunately, previous meta-analyses share a number of limitations, most notably overlooking the potentially strong impact of publication bias and the influence of study quality on effect sizes. We undertook a meta-analysis of 169 creativity training studies across 5 decades (844 effect sizes, the largest meta-analysis of creativity training to date), including a substantial number of unpublished studies (48 studies; 262 effect sizes). We employed a range of statistical methods to detect and adjust for publication bias and evaluated the robustness of the evidence in the field. In line with previous meta-analyses, we found a moderate training effect (0.53 SDs; unadjusted for publication bias). Critically, we observed converging evidence consistent with strong publication bias. All adjustment methods considerably lowered our original estimate (adjusted estimates ranged from 0.29 to 0.32 SDs). This severe bias casts doubt on the representativeness of the published literature in the field and on the conclusions of previous meta-analyses. Our analysis also revealed a high prevalence of methodological shortcomings in creativity training studies (likely to have inflated our average effect), and little signs of methodological improvement over time-a situation that limits the usefulness of this body of work. We conclude by presenting implications and recommendations for researchers and practitioners, and we propose an agenda for future research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Community Archetypes: An Empirical Framework for Guiding Research Methodologies to Reflect User Experiences of Sense of Virtual Community on Reddit

Humans need a sense of community (SOC), and social media platforms afford opportunities to address this need by providing users with a sense of virtual community (SOVC). This paper explores SOVC on Reddit and is motivated by two goals: (1) providing researchers with an excellent resource for methodological decisions in studies of Reddit communities; and (2) creating the foundation for a new class of research methods and community support tools that reflect users' experiences of SOVC. To ensure that methods are respectfully and ethically designed in service and accountability to impacted communities, our work takes a qualitative and community-centered approach by engaging with two key stakeholder groups. First, we interviewed 21 researchers to understand how they study community" on Reddit. Second, we surveyed 12 subreddits to gain insight into user experiences of SOVC. Results show that some research methods can broadly reflect user experiences of SOVC regardless of the topic or type of subreddit. However, user responses also evidenced the existence of five distinct Community Archetypes: Topical Q&A, Learning & Perspective Broadening, Social Support, Content Generation, and Affiliation with an Entity. We offer the Community Archetypes framework to support future work in designing methods that align more closely with user experiences of SOVC and to create community support tools that can meaningfully nourish the human need for SOC/SOVC in our modern world.

Improving mental health and wellbeing of communities in the modern world: New approaches

Improving mental health and wellbeing of communities in the modern world: New approaches