Modern Mainstream Research Articles

Producing Power: Dennis Hume Wrong’s Perspective on Gender in Contemporary Indonesian Cinema

This article seeks to uncover some of the ramifications of Dennis Hume Wrong's perspective on power in contemporary Indonesian cinema. The cinema is considered as a discursive medium that comprises a series of relationships between the characters, according to this idea of power and gender relations. The targeted films are Ali & Ratu-Ratu Queens (2021), Generasi 90an: Melankolia (2020), dan Imperfect (2019). The three films were made as a screen adaptation of a literary plot in the drama-romance genre. The findings demonstrate that the power relations in the films are legitimized by two consequences: intended and unintended power. Intended power is legitimized by force, manipulation, persuasion, and authority. Meanwhile, the unintended power is legitimized via a process in which power domination is implicitly assumed because everyone is aware of their position. Through these power relations, gender is conceived as a fluid and unstable notion in contemporary Indonesian cinema. The male and female binary is constructed by the flexibility and hybridity of gender identity, which dictates how they should act, feel, and function in society. Women already have an equal bargaining position with men, particularly in the workplace, yet the stereotype of femininity persists due to Indonesian society's belief in ideal gender rather than the modern mainstream of feminism's practice of new stereotypes.

Long Journey of Distance Learning From Fringe to Mainstream

Following the widespread adoption of distance and flexible learning techniques during the COVID-19 pandemic, some aspects of open, flexible, and distance learning were incorporated into mainstream teaching. This brings the long history of distance learning from the fringe into the daylight of modern mainstream education. In acknowledgement of this change, this special issue of the journal looks back at the history and development of distance learning from the pages of the journal. Also included, for the first time, is a history of distance learning in New Zealand entwined with its professional association—the Flexible Learning Association of New Zealand (FLANZ), formerly the Distance Education Association of New Zealand (DEANZ). Seven reprinted articles covering aspects of the history of distance learning complete the issue.

Информационните и комуникационните технологии за реализиране целите на приобщаващото образование

The article analyses the use of innovative tools and approaches based on information and communication technology (ICT) in inclusive education for students, including students with learning needs and learning difficulties in secondary school at the primary stage of education. The findings of the study contribute to the fact that innovative ICT-based approaches and tools, some of which are original developments, are gaining ground in the modern mainstream school. They have been used in the secondary school “Jordan Jovkov” – Sliven since April 2022. The study showed that they are preferred by pedagogical professionals – teachers, resource teachers and parents. The expert opinion of the school psychologist and resource teachers on the progress in personal development of students with whom the above approaches are worked on using information and communication technology tools is shared. It is shown that the use of own tools of information and communication technology in the work with students with learning needs and disabilities leads to results in the educational process and personal development

Instrumentalism, Utilitarianism, Arts Entrepreneurship, and Digital Cosmopolitanism as a Global Perspective of Indonesian Emerging Artists

In particular, rare scientific-academic studies still attempt to investigate the problems artists face in Indonesia. However, that does not mean that art in Indonesia runs without problems; artists encounter many challenges in carrying out their careers, Starting from the issue of respect for the profession of artists, lack of art facilities, violations of freedom of work by the ruler, to economic problems that until now have become typical problems. Through literature study, this paper will explore what is happening in the mainstream modern art arena and initiate concepts or strategies for Indonesian emerging artists to be more independent, sustainable, and emancipatory. From the construct of arguments and ideas, we obtained a model of 4 layers of art practice: 1) Instrumentalism, 2) Utilitarianism, 3) Arts Entrepreneurship, and 4) Digital Cosmopolitanism. The first two values become the artist's or "internal attitudes." At the same time, the last two represent an "external attitude" towards the work already created and how the artist takes the work from the reality of individual artistic experience to social reality (the social world).

A Study from the Mitigation of the Depression to Upsurging of Well-being and Happiness with Reference to Vedic Psychology

Today the Psychology has become a profound way of self-improvement along with wide ranging benefits of enhancing wellbeing and happiness. It is evident that relationship of mind to matter has scientific experimental methodology. In order to understand the relationship or methodology we are referring here Vedic sciences or Vedic Psychology. For the cure and healing of mental health issues such as stress, anxiety and depression with the help of prodigious tools and techniques. Traditional Indian knowledge systems has enormous storehouse of scientific knowledge, such as vedas, Puranas, Yoga Sutras and spiritual Psychology. Vedic Psychology is an ancient knowledge of theoretical and practical transformation which transforms human awareness to higher states of consciousness. Vedic Psychology is a ‘consciousness’ based approach which has unique methods and techniques to mitigate depression and upsurging of well being and happiness. It shows us the path of evolution where gradual process of practicing glides the human towards integrity and peace. Several studies shows where Vedic Psychology exercises and demonstrated therapeutic effectiveness with the help of meditations to control anxiety and depression. Vedic knowledge plays vital role for a holistic development of human awareness. References from the vedas where The non – changing and ever changing aspect of vedas together form the totality of life called ‘Brahman’. This is the symbol of totality of cosmos. Which means each individual being is an expression of ultimate unity and is composed of all levels of nature. This paper takes a leap from the psychological to the metaphysical, epistemological and ethical plane to explain the validity and concepts of Vedic Psychology. The several techniques for monitoring internal consciousness leads to the concepts of identity and existence. Where Vedic Hymns or Mantras used to establish the power of truth seen and heard in the consciousness. It explains how the supreme creative hymns inherits the rhythmic vibration of energy in the light of the creative consciousness of the supreme. The concept of Brahman and Aatman in the Upanishads leads to the absolute truth. Upanishads which are called the ‘ends of the Vedas’ has given the most strongest and spiritual philosophy in the form of Vedanta. Which teaches the person to know the authenticity of oneself. Vedas guides us to live according to the natural cosmic law (Rta) and Upanishads guides to overcome the negative thoughts and powers. The individual core spirit is termed as Aatman which is different from the physical state of oneself. In the writings of vedas it has mentioned that Aatman transforms itself into the Cosmic soul or self. In the process of awakening of the self where experience and reason are common tools characterised by the separation of objects observed and the observer. Vedic Psychology emphasis on the deeper systematic first person approach. In mainstream modern science consciousness is defined as the ability to be aware of a separate object of experience. Vedic Psychology is indeed helpful for the whole community of humans to rise from the mental disorders such as grief, pain, stress, anxiety and depression to reach out of it towards serenity of well being, happiness and peace.

История экономической мысли глазами структуралиста (Часть 2. Маршалл, «реориентация теории ценности» и аутсайдеры)

The article represents the second part of structuralist notes on the history of economic thought. The first part dealt with the classical school, and now the emphasis is on the history of marginalists and neoclassicism. It also characterizes outsider economists who believe that the development of science has gone the wrong way, ignoring unproductive economic activities and growth blocking mechanisms. The most significant discoveries pushed to the fringes of the mainstream by authoritative discourse are the variants of unequal exchange and different purchasing value of money considered by Chamberlin and Robinson, as well as the lack of a homogeneous relationship between costs, utility, and price, implicitly present in the works of Schumpeter. With regard to consumer goods and services, the absence of such existence a homogeneous relationship was discovered by Veblen, although it is still considered an exception. However, fund-saving scientific and technological progress makes it a rule to replace machines with new machines that are superior to the old ones both in quality and in price. More productive machines and technologies are also cheaper per unit of useful effect. The history of thought legitimizes many provisions of the modern mainstream, which are particular «marginal» cases. Considering the consequences of the crisis of 2008–2009, one should expect further fragmentation of the history of thought and the loss of its function of legitimizing the directions of modern theory.

Should we all be feminists? Development of the Liberal Feminist Attitudes Scale

IntroductionThe current social zeitgeist is characterized different feminist tendencies, some of which are embedded in a neoliberal logic. Although the impact of modern mainstream feminism on the individual and society is a subject of critical scholarly debate, there is a lack of suitable instruments to measure the complexity of modern feminist attitudes.MethodsIn three studies, we developed a scale assessing liberal feminist attitudes and tested its factor structure and validity. In Study 1, we generated an item pool capturing liberal feminist attitudes and presented it to a sample of N = 473 with scales for Ambivalent Sexism (hostile and benevolent), Social Dominance Orientation, System Justification, Neoliberal Beliefs, and the self-labeling as a feminist. In Studies 2 (N = 310) and 3 (N = 214) we aimed at replicating the factor structure of the LFAS from Study 1 and confirmed the construct and criterion validity with measurements of the constructs Self-Identification as a Feminist, Personal Progress, Conformity to Feminine Norms and a concrete behavioral measure that captured the willingness to receive information about feminism in the future.ResultsExploratory factor analysis (Study 1) yielded a 4-factor structure with 17 items-the Liberal Feminist Attitudes Scale (LFAS). In Studies 2 and 3, this 4-factorial model showed excellent model fit, internal consistency and convergent as well as discriminant and criterion validity, at least within a particular demographic (i.e., German students).DiscussionThe LFAS holds the potential to provide psychologists with a tool to examine and analyse liberal feminist attitudes comprehensively.

Knowledge-based view of the firm and the phenomenon of knowledge encapsulation

The article is devoted to the development of the knowledge-based approach to the theory of the firm (KBV). It is noted that the modern mainstream KBV (R. Grant (1996) and numerous followers) sees the nature of the firm in effective integration of the knowledge of specialists employed in it. The article proposes to supplement this analysis with the second important function of the firm — its role as an encapsulator of knowledge. The foundations of such an approach to knowledge were laid by H. Demsetz, but have not yet been developed in the literature. The essence of encapsulation is to reduce complete knowledge to an algorithm of actions sufficient to achieve the goal, which is possible, say, with the help of instructions, directions of the manager, built in constructive “foolproofing”, etc. The compiler of the instruction does not integrate his knowledge with the knowledge of its performer, but prescribes the unquestioned implementation of the algorithm of behaviour. Thus, huge cost savings are achieved on the training of performers. The article considers the limiting case — the scheme of the firm functioning as a pure encapsulator of knowledge, the Markov property of the process is substantiated. The role of the entrepreneur as an architect and manager of the knowledge encapsulation scheme is revealed. At the same time, significant negative aspects of production based on the widespread use of encapsulated (incomplete — you do what you do not understand) knowledge are analyzed. In particular, the non-creative nature of labour in the encapsulationbased firm (a particular manifestation of which is the slow spread of horizontally organized or teal firms) and the threat of disqualification of performers when combining encapsulation with artificial intelligence are discussed

How do the “Pastoral Children” transform into Modern Students? Reflections from the perspectives of cultural reproduction and cultural acculturation

Education serves as one of the most potent means to promote equity and justice, yet concurrently functions as a powerful mechanism for the reproduction of inequity and injustice. This study integrates the theories of cultural reproduction and cultural acculturation, combining macro-level structural considerations with micro-level agency perspectives to explore the regeneration mechanism of educational equity. Utilizing interview methods, data were collected from 83 students, 48 teachers, 25 parents, 26 education administrators, 12 leaders in education administration, and 9 local cultural elites in Kangding City, a central urban area for China's ethnic minorities. The findings indicate that minority working-class students from traditional communities, upon entering urban schools where the predominant culture is modern mainstream, face significant challenges related to strict temporal and spatial regulations, as well as the intense clash between the inward-seeking spiritual foundations of traditional culture and the outward-seeking demands of modern mainstream culture. This results in a profound cultural interruption and even conflict during the process of cultural reproduction, as students strive to master the new cultural capital taught in schools, facilitating cross-cultural adaptation and transforming into genuine modern students. Following cultural adaptation, new issues of cultural identity arise, leading students into a dilemma of self-reflection within diverse contexts and even fostering a dual alienation from both modern mainstream society and traditional communities. All these aspects underscore the imbalance in power relations between urban schools in marginalized communities, which, in teaching cultural capital and reinforcing social control, deviate to some extent from their original intent of addressing educational equity issues.

Optimization Research on Mass Media for Modern Mainstream Cultural Communication

Optimization Research on Mass Media for Modern Mainstream Cultural Communication

Marketing and Business Operations Analysis of Modern Mainstream Sports Events: A Comparative Study of NBA and CBA

This study delves into the marketing strategies and business operations of contemporary mainstream sports events, focusing on a comparative analysis between the National Basketball Association (NBA) and the Chinese Basketball Association (CBA). In today's globalized world, sports have evolved beyond mere competition into lucrative entertainment businesses. The NBA and CBA stand as two prominent examples of sports leagues that have garnered massive fan followings and commercial success, albeit in distinct ways. The research investigates the multifaceted aspects of marketing employed by these leagues. It explores how the NBA's international expansion strategies and well-orchestrated marketing campaigns have enabled it to establish a strong global presence. Meanwhile, the CBA's unique approaches to catering to its domestic audience and its collaboration with local brands are scrutinized for their impact on the league's marketability. Furthermore, the study dissects the business operations behind these sports leagues. It analyzes revenue generation models, including ticket sales, broadcasting rights, merchandise, and sponsorship deals, to discern their efficiency and sustainability. By comparing the revenue structures and financial performances of the NBA and CBA, this research aims to provide valuable insights into optimizing the business side of modern sports events. Through this comparative analysis, we hope to shed light on the key factors contributing to the success of sports leagues in the contemporary era. The findings are expected to be of interest to sports industry stakeholders, marketers, and businesses seeking to understand the dynamics of sports marketing and business operations in a global context.

The Dissemination and Inheritance of Martial Arts Culture in the New Media Era

The dissemination of martial arts culture is essential for its preservation and wider appreciation. Because in the 5000 years history of China, martial arts are an indispensable part of Chinese culture with the advent of the new media era, new avenues for martial arts dissemination have emerged. This research delves into the impact of we-media on martial arts through methods such as literature review and interviews, comparing its influence on martial arts. The study of the influence of self-media on martial arts is of significant research importance, as martial arts need to adapt to the rapidly changing modern era, optimize its methods of dissemination, promote its popularity, and facilitate its international development. As the most commonly used new media by modern mainstream people, short video transmits multi-sensory information in the form of picture, text, sound and image, which has become the most acceptable medium. This way makes martial arts more widely spread.

The Influence of the Muslim Brotherhood on Teaching Islam in American Universities

The significance of the Muslim Brotherhood in American academia lies in the academic articulation of the brothers’ discourse as the expression of modern Islam in general. As such, the discourse of a specific political group is taken as the appropriate example of modern mainstream Islam. This treatment of the brothers’ discourse has resulted in an assumption that Islam, or at least modern Islam, is essentially political. It is not surprising, therefore, that one can easily find courses that teach “Islam and Politics,” or “Islam and Democracy,” which have no parallel in courses taught on other religions. What creates this distortion is not the mere political nature of the Brothers as an organization. It is the redefinition of Islam as has been presented by the brothers’ discourse since its foundation. There, Islam is presented as a differentiated structure that mirrors the differentiated structure of the secular state. Islam is presented as a comprehensive modern system that includes a number of complementary systems: political, economic, social, educational, health, etc. that work in harmony, guided by the rational principle of maṣlaḥah, public interest. The discourse of the Brothers defined the object of studies for American academia and set its research agenda. Not only has this presentation of Islam over politicized it, but it marginalized a plethora of significant traditional structures and concepts, as well as several modern responses that are not included in the brothers’ discourse. The overpoliticization of Islam and presenting it as nece­ssarily Islamism has become not just a problem of media misrep­resentation, but a crisis in the quality of knowledge about Islam that is produced and nurtured in academia. Moreover, this situation developed two unfortunate scholarships on modern Islam in Western academia that further distorted and blocked our knowledge on Islam: one is minor and Islamophobic, the other is major and Islamophilic. The Islamophobic approach sees Islam as inherently opposed to the modern structures of civil society, democracy, cultural diversity, and free market. The Islamophilic approach portrays Islamism—seen as the normative form of modern Islam, which is embraced by Muslim societies, as legitimate and popular native protest movement against non-democratic regimes. An exploration of John Esposito, whose scholarship has set the tone on Islam in academia for decades, and whose books have been widely adopted in courses taught in American universities will prove my argument.

On random number generators and practical market efficiency

Modern mainstream financial theory is underpinned by the efficient market hypothesis, which posits the rapid incorporation of relevant information into asset pricing. Limited prior studies in the operational research literature have investigated tests designed for random number generators to check for these informational efficiencies. Treating binary daily returns as a hardware random number generator analogue, tests of overlapping permutations have indicated that these time series feature idiosyncratic recurrent patterns. Contrary to prior studies, we split our analysis into two streams at the annual and company level, and investigate longer-term efficiency over a larger time frame for Nasdaq-listed public companies to diminish the effects of trading noise and allow the market to realistically digest new information. Our results demonstrate that information efficiency varies across years and reflects large-scale market impacts such as financial crises. We also show the proximity to results of a well-tested pseudo-random number generator, discuss the distinction between theoretical and practical market efficiency, and find that the statistical qualification of stock-separated returns in support of the efficient market hypothesis is dependent on the driving factor of small inefficient subsets that skew market assessments.

READER’S PERCEPTION IN LITERATURE STUDIES: TOWARDS THE HISTORY AND THEORY OF THE QUESTION

The article is devoted to studying the perception of a literary text (hereinafter referred to as LT), which is relevant for the current state of literature research, as projected on the theoretical prerequisites of the domestic prehistory of European receptive aesthetics. Russian philology has developed two approaches to LT — the psychological (“Russian psychological school” by A.A. Potebnya and his followers) and the purely formal (“Russian formal school” of the language — OPOYAZ) ones. Cognitive poetics as the mainstream modern fi eld of literature studies combines these approaches in the light of the goals that it sets for itself: the study of both the formal and semantic organization of the text and its understanding by the reader. Th e focus of the study into a work of literature is its understanding, therefore, the meaning of the text turns out to be a scientific priority, as well as the development of algorithms for its reconstruction in the reader’s perception. In this regard, the terminological apparatus is of particular importance, assuming the differentiation of the terms of the triad “apprehension-perception-reception”. Studying reader’s perception particularly focuses on L.S. Vygotsky’s concept of the influence of the text’s rhythm on reader.

Retracted Article: Ruqyah and Its Use among Patients with Cancer

AbstractIn this article, we reviewed ruqyah from past to present and its use among patients with cancer to attract attention to the importance of ruqyah. Ruqyah, one of the mind–body interventions among complementary and alternative medicine therapies, refers to the healing method based on the Quran and hadith through the recitation of the Quran, seeking of refuge, remembrance, and dua (supplication) that is used as a means of treating sickness and other problems, by reading ayats of the Quran, the names and attributes of Allah, or by using the duas in Arabic or in an understandable language. Ruqyah is frequently used in patients with cancer in combination with medical treatment, and many patients benefit from ruqyah practices. It is usually used to improve emotional and physical well-being, relax, cope with the disease, strengthen the immune system, increase vitality, decrease pain and stress, treat disease, accelerate the healing process, increase the duration of life, improve sleep quality, reduce side effects associated with treatment, and to be self-sufficient. Ruqyah is a complementary method for modern cancer treatment. It is not an alternative to chemotherapy and cannot directly replace medical treatment. Patients can perform ruqyah by themselves without applying to Muslim faith healers or spiritual healing centers. It can be by everyone regardless of their religion and belief. Although ruqyah has been successfully used in various social, mental, spiritual, and physical disorders for over 1,440 years, there are limited randomized controlled trials about its use in patients with cancer due to lack of cooperation between health professionals and Muslim faith healers applying ruqyah. Therefore, we suggest that health professionals develop joint projects and studies with Muslim faith healers and Islamic religion professionals on this subject. Finally, we strongly believe that ruqyah must be integrated into mainstream modern medicine as in the “Malaysia model” in both developing and developed countries.

Textured glass as an optical material for automotive sunroofs

Modern mainstream glass sunroof designs are focused on achieving color neutrality for both transmitted and reflected light. There is a growing interest, however, in creating new, bolder, and more personalized sunroof exterior and interior aesthetics, preferably, with the benefit of added conventional and new functionalities. In this article, textured soda-lime glass was tested as a new optical material for automotive glass sunroofs. Its unique ability to transform a direct sunlight into a soft interior glow, add a feel of seclusion and privacy, suppress the angular dependence of reflected color, as well as its manufacturing compatibility with thermal-insulating and color thin-film coatings makes textured glass a promising candidate for future automotive sunroof designs.

Opyt zarubezhnyh stran v protivodejstvii prestupnosti v sfere goszakupok tovarov, rabot, uslug: ugolovno-pravovoj i istoricheskij aspekty

The article examines the experience of foreign countries of the world community in countering crime in the field of state (and municipal) procurement of goods, goods, works or services in the light of the historical stages of development of this area of government and their state contract system of public procurement. The relevance of this article lies in the fact that it indicates that this direction is in the modern mainstream of the global trends in the development of criminal law impact on modern crime in the field of ensuring the security of the public sector of the country, in which the dominant role is played by public authorities and institutions of modern civil society.

The World in the Wave Function

<i>The World in the Wave Function</i>

Phonological features of Caijia that are notable from a diachronic perspective

Abstract This study sets out several phonological features in Caijia that are notable from a diachronic point of view. The Caijia language is an endangered language spoken in northwestern Guìzhōu, China. It was first formally documented in the early 1980s and is generally viewed as a Sinitic language. Some aspects of Caijia phonology are noteworthy from the perspective of historical phonology. There exist features which cannot be accounted for in terms of Middle Chinese (MC), such as the retention of the contrast between Old Chinese (OC) T-type and L-type onsets in words with d- or dr- in Middle Chinese. Moreover, Caijia also demonstrates features which are observed or preserved in Middle Chinese, but absent in mainstream modern Sinitic varieties, including the retention of bilabial stops in words with initials Fēi/Fū/Fèng. This study will also explore the implications certain phonological features have for the classification of Caijia in the Sinitic clade and examine the relationship between Caijia and Bai.