Modern Information Systems Research Articles

Automation of vegetable production analysis in the Russian Federation using a modern information system

The presented study is aimed at solving the problems of information support for making effective management decisions in the field of vegetable growing in Russia based on the use of technologies and tools that automate complex algorithms of statistical analysis, which expands the range of users of up-to-date, reliable and complete information on the factors that shape the volumes and efficiency of production in the vegetable growing industries. The information system proposed by the authors, developed on the basis of the PyCharm2023.1 programming environment using the Python programming language, allows the user to obtain statistical characteristics of the phenomenon under study, apply methods of correlation and regression analysis, ANOVA to identify cause-and-effect relationships, modeling processes and phenomena in order to predict their development. The web application was developed taking into account officially published information on the conditions and results of vegetable production, and its operation has been tested. At the same time, the information system has the potential for development and can be adapted to any data set.

Multi-channel photonic sampled ADC with hybrid deep-learning for distortion recovery

Analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is indispensable components in modern information systems, and photonic technologies have emerged as promising avenues for overcoming bottlenecks in ADC performance. This paper introduces a novel approach: a photonic sampled ADC integrated with a neural network that combines Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) and Transformers for data recovery. The proposed system utilizes a multi-wavelength optical sampling pulse train interleaved in the time domain through fiber dispersion. Sampled signals are quantified in parallel channels by electronic ADC (EADC). Through supervised training, the hybrid deep neural network extracts both local and global features of photonic system defects, enabling the recovery of distorted data. Experimental validation showcases the effectiveness of this architecture, achieving successful reconstruction of radio frequency (RF) signals at a sampling rate of 12 Giga-samples per second (Gs/s) with an effective number of bits (ENOB) of 7.13. The results underscore the potential of the proposed architecture in achieving high conversion accuracy in multi-channel photonic sampled ADCs.

ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ЕЛЕКТРОННИХ СИСТЕМ ДОКУМЕНТООБІГУ ТА ЗВІТНОСТІ ЛОГІСТИЧНИМИ КОМПАНІЯМИ УКРАЇНИ

The article explores the possibilities and ways of using information technologies for document management and electronic reporting at logistics enterprises. Theoretical approaches to understanding the goals and tasks of logistics information systems in transport technologies have been considered. The main information technology systems that change the logistics industry in modern conditions have been characterized, namely: RPA; chat bots; visualization; Artificial Intelligence; predictive analytics. The electronic technologies used for information provision in Ukrainian practice, the IT-Enterprise ERP system of JSC ‘Ukrposhta’ and the CRM system of the company ‘Epicentr K’ have been analyzed. Their characteristics and advantages of use have been defined. It have been found that the basis of the functional component of the modern information system is a single module of operations between the links of the logistics system, which determines the relationship between the functional divisions of the company (in terms of the implementation of logistics functions), intermediate links and consumers of the company’s products. The implementation of a logistics information system in the work of a logistics enterprise makes it possible: - to increase the efficiency of its work, achieve a high level of service for customers and ensure effective control; - to ensure a modern approach to the management of implementation processes and the organization of various types of events; - to monitor the efficiency of commercial operations; - to conduct an analysis of the profitability of the activity; - to increase the effectiveness of price policy, etc. The problems of the introduction of electronic document flow and reporting systems in Ukraine have been noted: - the problem of interoperability in electronic document flow; - lack of clear standards and requirements for electronic reporting, companies may hesitate to switch to this type of reporting; – constant changes in legislation and requirements can create difficulties for enterprises in implementing stable electronic reporting systems; - inconsistency of electronic reporting formats with global ones; high implementation costs; - concerns about data privacy and security can deter companies from switching to electronic reporting, especially when the security of information on the network is at stake.

Complex systems for controlling thermal modes of radio-electronic equipment

The system of providing thermal conditions of radio-electronic equipment, which is a necessary subsystem of such modern information systems as on-board mobile objects with high requirements to reliability, dynamics and controllability, is analyzed. A solid-state method of cooling energy generation based on the Peltier effect is highlighted, which has such advantages as the possibility of creating a temperature below ambient, small dimensions, mass and increased reliability compared to similar coolers of other physical principles. It is shown that in distributed systems with heat-loaded elements the function of transporting heat flows is necessary, and the most promising for the solved problems is realized on flexible heat pipes, which agree with thermoelectric coolers in terms of reliability, mass and dimensional characteristics. The method of reducing the mass and dimensional characteristics of systems for providing thermal modes with impulse heat generation, typical for tracking systems or on-board systems, is considered. It is noted that the heat of phase transition of melting substances allows to form thermal accumulators, which, when coordinated with the dynamic characteristics of thermal processes of the system, allows to significantly reduce the mass and dimensional characteristics of the system for providing thermal modes. The use of thermal accumulators in systems with pulse-periodic influence allows to increase also reliability indicators due to filtration of high-frequency thermal emissions in heat-loaded elements. The expediency of the system approach to the design of the thermoelectric system for ensuring thermal modes of electronic equipment with heat pipes and thermal accumulators by synthesizing a multidimensional regulator type “Multiple Input - Multiple Output” (MIMO) is substantiated. It is substantiated that to satisfy the basic principles of multidimensional systems of fragility and robustness it is necessary to satisfy the condition of creation of a qualitative model of the thermoelectric system of provision of thermal modes of heat-loaded electronic equipment.

Analyze, monitoring and testing of computer information systems

The high importance and criticality of the efficiency and reliability of the functioning of modern computer information systems require efforts to ensure them, which are no less, than the efforts to develop the systems themselves. Offline and online monitoring and testing of computer information systems, which are often used to ensure efficiency and reliability of functioning, involve the development and implementation of appropriate hardware, software and information tools, as part of automated technical diagnostic systems. Features of both the computer information systems themselves and the means of monitoring and testing are their network distribution, autonomy and at the same time cooperation of all their components. Such features appear already in the system-functional presented systems and impose requirements for a special analysis of all their properties and functions, in that case also energy ones. The proposed work is focused on the implementation of energy-behavioral monitoring and testing of computer information systems, defines a formal presentation of a special analysis of the relevant hardware and software tools and is based on asynchronous-event models of extended Petri nets and behavioral experiments. This representation is based on models of energy-behavioral specification and testing, parallel, associative-evolutionary methods of monitoring and testing with the accumulation of blanks and results that differ in special features. The proposed presentation makes it possible to create a new system energy-behavioral technology for monitoring and testing computer information systems.

Innovative teaching methods for developing basic skills in higher education students through real professional contexts

Introduction: The intensification of the significance of educational activity as an indicator of active social development under the conditions of global digitalisation creates prerequisites for actualising the issues of its informational support.Objective: The research is dedicated to analysing the functional capabilities of digitalisation in the context of forming critical competencies of students in conditions close to the realities of professional activity.Methods: The article outlines the functionality of innovative educational systems within the educational institution's information educational environment.Results: The study found that today's students at various levels are ready to implement elements of e-learning, artificial intelligence technologies, and immersive tools. It is proven that the introduction of innovative technological solutions into the educational environment creates learning conditions close to the realities of professional activity, increasing the motivation of students for an effective learning process, stimulating the involvement of reserves in the organisation of the continuous self-education process, and intensifying responsibility and self-organisation. Identified within modern information systems are tools and services that diversify the learning process and increase the effectiveness of the educational process, contributing to the formation of key competencies of higher education students.Conclusions: The research indicates a trend towards increasing the efficiency of student training based on the organisation of independent educational work with the implementation of innovative pedagogical opportunities in the educational process. The study's practical significance lies in determining the potential for improving the quality of education at the national level through modern information technologies

Advances in Navigability and Mooring

Considerable technological progress has been made in ship handling and mooring in recent years, especially progress generated by the needs imposed by the introduction of ever larger ships. These advancements exploit the economic scale and environmental efficiency of larger vessels, but also present unique challenges, particularly in narrow waterways and harbour approaches. Precise navigation in these environments requires highly accurate hydrographic measurements, high-quality electronic charts, and advanced navigation systems, such as modern electronic chart display and information systems (ECDIS). Safe and efficient port operations also depend on the optimised allocation of port resources and comprehensive queuing strategies. Modern ships are increasingly susceptible to interference with Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and Automatic Identification Systems (AIS), necessitating the development of resilient technologies and procedures to ensure navigational safety. In addition, climate change is exacerbating the challenges of ship handling in ports, as larger vessels are particularly vulnerable to sudden gusts of wind and have difficulty maintaining their position in the quay in strong crosswinds. Training and simulation are crucial to overcoming these challenges. Ship-handling simulators are invaluable for training purposes, but development is still needed to accurately simulate tilt and lean effects, especially when ships are sailing in narrow channels with following currents and changing winds. Improving the accuracy of these simulators will improve the preparation of seafarers for real-life conditions and ultimately contribute to safer and more efficient ship operations.

PREVENTION OF TECHNOLOGICAL EMERGENCIES IN THE WARFARE ZONE

In a war zone, there are potential risks of the spread of an emergency due to harmful (polluting) substances in the environment above the maximum permissible concentrations. The causes of the danger are explosions, detonations, chemical spills, military vehicles, shelling or destruction of the infrastructure of oil facilities, and damage to the infrastructure of water supply and drainage. Method of preventing emergencies of a technological nature includes procedures using modern technologies and information systems to ensure timely response and minimise risks for the population and the environment. The algorithm for implementing the method of technological emergency prevention due to harmful (polluting) substances in the atmospheric air above the maximum permissible concentration in the combat zone consists of procedures. Procedures include work on planning and preparation, measurement and data collection, data analysis and processing, management decision-making, and control. Using a laser complex to prevent emergencies is an innovative approach that helps to identify potential threats and control their development accurately and effectively. The laser complex solves the dual task of detecting and immediately evaluating polluting gases and aerosols. The article also describes the algorithm for preventing technological emergencies due to harmful (polluting) substances in drinking water above the maximum permissible concentration in the combat zone. Groundwater is the predominant object of danger. The procedures consist of collecting and analysing statistical data, deciding the priority of monitoring areas, determining goals by types of hazards, setting tasks, choosing a monitoring scheme, determining monitoring procedures and their characteristics, solving monitoring issues, monitoring, making management decisions to limit the spread of the consequences of hazards. Effective emergency prevention procedures planned and carried out using modern tools and instruments can contain the spread of the consequences of a technological emergency, limiting the number of victims and injured and the area of hazard spread. Keywords: soil, air, monitoring, laser complex, emergency.

Организационные аспекты мониторинга беременных в Тульской области.

In recent decades, there has been an increasing use of modern technologies and information systems in order to increase the accessibility, effectiveness and quality of medical care. The issue of organizing medical care using digital technologies in the Tula region is relevant. The purpose of the study is to determine the main organizational aspects of the work of the situational center of the Tula Regional Perinatal Center named after V. S. Gumilyovskaya for monitoring pregnant women. Materials and methods. The structure and mechanisms of operation of the situational center of the GUZ «TOPTS named after V. S. Gumilyovskaya» are analyzed. Research methods: empirical, analytical, descriptive. Results. The situation center inside the perinatal center represents a new direction, where the collection, visualization and processing of data from various services play a crucial role in optimizing and improving the level of medical care for pregnant women registered in the regional women’s clinics. One of the main pillars is such a division of the perinatal center as the obstetric remote consultation center. In addition to the ADCC, the situation center receives data on the state of the service from the regional information subsystem for monitoring maternity care in the Tula region (RISAR) and reports from the BARS-Web-Vaults information and analytical system. The main visualization tool obtained from all data sources used by the situation center is a component of the information and analytical system of the Situation Center of the Governor of the Tula Region interactive analytical panels with a graphical interface – dashboards. Conclusion. Creation of a situation center in the State Institution «TOPC named after. V. S. Gumilevskaya» is designed to increase the efficiency of the obstetrics and gynecology service in the region through the prism of modern technologies. The combination of modern technologies and medical knowledge in the situation center makes it a relevant tool for improving medical care for pregnant women and newborns, providing medical institutions with solutions based on advanced information technologies and data analytics. The introduction of a situation center made it possible to reduce the number of errors in routing pregnant women at the regional level.

Effect of Emergency Preparedness on Security in Kenyan Universities: A Case Study of Garissa University

Security emergencies and threats have lately been on the increase, with public universities in Kenya reporting many incidents of insecurity. Despite investigation efforts by university management, the high prevalence of insecurity has continued, pointing to the need to determine the relationship between security emergency preparedness and security management in public universities in Kenya. This paper explores the existing types of emergency situations, the existing types of emergency response approaches, and the level of institutional emergency preparedness and their influence on security at Garissa University. Utilizing the emergency Management Theory, the paper points out that the common type of emergency situation in the study institution is terror-related attacks. Training is the common emergency situation response strategy that the university is utilizing in readiness to face emergency situations, and strict checking at the gate is the most common plan that the university has used to deal with emergency situations within its compound and emergency planning in the study institution has enhanced security through control of movement. The study recommends that the university invest in modern and advanced information technology infrastructure and systems to avert incidences of insecurity.

Evolution of Cloud Computing Research in Information Systems

Cloud computing has become a cornerstone of modern information systems, driving significant advancements across various industries. This study conducts a bibliometric analysis to explore the evolution of cloud computing research within the field of information systems, focusing on key trends, influential publications, and author collaborations. The analysis, based on data from Google Scholar, reveals that security has consistently been a critical area of focus, reflecting the ongoing concern for safeguarding cloud environments. Additionally, the integration of cloud computing with emerging technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT) and big data is highlighted as a growing trend, emphasizing the expanding applications of cloud computing. The study also identifies distinct research clusters, suggesting opportunities for enhanced collaboration across different subfields. While the findings offer valuable insights for both researchers and practitioners, the study acknowledges its limitations, including the reliance on a single database and the potential oversimplification of complex research interactions. Future research should consider these limitations and explore new avenues to further understand and enhance cloud computing practices.

A primordial DNA store and compute engine.

Any modern information system is expected to feature a set of primordial features and functions: a substrate stably carrying data; the ability to repeatedly write, read, erase, reload and compute on specific data from that substrate; and the overall ability to execute such functions in a seamless and programmable manner. For nascent molecular information technologies, proof-of-principle realization of this set of primordial capabilities would advance the vision for their continued development. Here we present a DNA-based store and compute engine that captures these primordial capabilities. This system comprises multiple image files encoded into DNA and adsorbed onto ~50-μm-diameter, highly porous, hierarchically branched, colloidal substrate particles comprised of naturally abundant cellulose acetate. Their surface areas are over 200 cm2 mg-1 with binding capacities of over 1012 DNA oligos mg-1, 10 TB mg-1 or 104 TB cm-3. This 'dendricolloid' stably holds DNA files better than bare DNA with an extrapolated ability to be repeatedly lyophilized and rehydrated over 170 times compared with 60 times, respectively. Accelerated ageing studies project half-lives of ~6,000 and 2 million years at 4 °C and -18 °C, respectively. The data can also be erased and replaced, and non-destructive file access is achieved through transcribing from distinct synthetic promoters. The resultant RNA molecules can be directly read via nanopore sequencing and can also be enzymatically computed to solve simplified 3 × 3 chess and sudoku problems. Our study establishes a feasible route for utilizing the high information density and parallel computational advantages of nucleic acids.

Distributed Caching System with Strict Consistency Guarantee for Critical Information Infrastructure

The place of caching in modern information systems is considered. Typical models of network applications architecture construction and consistency guarantees that they provide to the end user are presented. A comparative analysis of analogues is given, which allows one to outline the features of the proposed system. The developed architecture is described. The architecture of a separate cluster node is described, as well as the architecture and implementation of software development kits for different programming languages. The specifics of designing complex client libra­ries for distributed systems are considered. The importance of consistency models is noted, their interrelationships and hierarchy are described based on the summarized information of existing research. A brief comparison of the two popular consensus algorithms, Raft and Paxos, is given in order to determine the basics of designing a common architecture. Industry leaders in caching systems emphasize performance, deliberately relaxing the consistency of the stored data. Using such systems in an environment that requires maintaining the order of events in the external world is difficult or involves the need for additional tools to maintain data consistency. This paper proposes a caching system that guarantees strict data consistency and provides a single interface for handling it, similar to industry leaders.

Specific Features of the Development of Electrical Engineering Enterprises in the Conditions of Digitalization of the Economy

Article discusses the concept of digitalization, its role and importance in the development of the electrical engineering industry. The essence of the digital transformation process, the strategy of applying this process to the activities of enterprises and ways of implementing this strategy, including the introduction of modern information systems and software products improvement of the quality of products and services, trends in the development of electrical engineering products in the industry were discussed.

Design and optimization strategy of electricity marketing information system supported by cloud computing platform

This paper provides an in-depth discussion on the comprehensive requirements analysis, design implementation, algorithm optimization, and experimental evaluation of an electric power marketing information system, aiming to build a modern information system that is efficient, secure, and user-friendly. In the requirements analysis phase, the importance of business process optimization, data management analysis, security compliance, system integration and scalability is emphasized, while the diversified needs of end customers are considered. For the design and implementation part, the system architecture is based on microservices and cloud-native technologies to ensure high performance and security; and modularized development is achieved through Spring Boot, Vue.js and other technology stacks. For algorithm optimization, LSTM is used for power demand prediction and anomaly detection by combining integrated learning and self-encoder, which improves the prediction accuracy and anomaly identification capability. Experimental evaluation shows that the system demonstrates good performance, security and scalability in cloud computing environment, and the cost-effectiveness is significantly better than traditional deployment.

Streamlined multi-scenario revocation method leveraging blockchain and auxiliary trees

Access revocation is a fundamental aspect of modern information systems, ensuring that data remains secure and authorized personnel have appropriate access rights. However, existing access revocation methods address only one type of scenario, offering either partial or complete revocation functionalities but not both, leading to limitations in flexibility and effectiveness. This paper introduces a novel approach called streamlined multi-scenario revocation method (SMSRM) that combines block chain technology and auxiliary trees to streamline the process of multi-scenario access revocation. The SMSRM method defines two separate revoke request formats for partial and complete revocation. Auxiliary trees are used to keep track of non-revoked users, which is very important during the revocation process. In addition, the proposed method utilizes a block chain to record each and every revocation-related operation to provide forward secrecy. Through a comparative analysis, we evaluate the performance of our approach against existing methods. The results highlight that our method performs better in terms of response time and various performance metrics.

A Compact Vulnerability Knowledge Graph for Risk Assessment

Software vulnerabilities, also known as flaws, bugs or weaknesses, are common in modern information systems, putting critical data of organizations and individuals at cyber risk. Due to the scarcity of resources, initial risk assessment is becoming a necessary step to prioritize vulnerabilities and make better decisions on remediation, mitigation, and patching. Datasets containing historical vulnerability information are crucial digital assets to enable AI-based risk assessments. However, existing datasets focus on collecting information on individual vulnerabilities while simply storing them in relational databases, disregarding their structural connections. This article constructs a compact vulnerability knowledge graph, VulKG, containing over 276 K nodes and 1 M relationships to represent the connections between vulnerabilities, exploits, affected products, vendors, referred domain names, and more. We provide a detailed analysis of VulKG modeling and construction, demonstrating VulKG-based query and reasoning, and providing a use case of applying VulKG to a vulnerability risk assessment task, i.e., co-exploitation behavior discovery. Experimental results demonstrate the value of graph connections in vulnerability risk assessment tasks. VulKG offers exciting opportunities for more novel and significant research in areas related to vulnerability risk assessment. The data and codes of this article are available at https://github.com/happyResearcher/VulKG.git .

Analysis of Software Tools for Automation of Configuration and Management Functions in It Infrastructures

The work by the authors, using a systematic approach, analyzes a group of software tools that are functionally oriented towards the automated implementation of configuration and management processes in IT infrastructures. The research profile focuses on a methodology known in the professional environment as “Infrastructure as Code” (IaC) and is one of the foundational methodologies implemented in a systemic combination within the DevOps methodology. This methodology is actively used in processes of dynamic formation, deployment, and maintenance of corporate IT infrastructures in many modern successful high-tech companies to achieve the best business performance, efficiency, guaranteed success, and security. The article discusses two basic approaches to building software tools that implement the IaC methodology, namely the declarative and imperative approaches. The main emphasis is placed on the formation of a set of advantages and disadvantages inherent in software tools such as Terraform, ARM, Ansible, and CloudFormation. The focus of researchers on these four software tools is explained by their leading positions in a fairly extensive lineup of possible alternative software products that allow for a comprehensive implementation of the IaC methodology in the context of full and functional systemic deployment of the DevOps methodology in specific implementations of corporate IT infrastructures. The authors' generalized conclusion of original scientific research is that there is currently no single clearly distinguished universal software tool among others that fully satisfies the entire spectrum of requirements and needs. Potential users in this context are communities of DevOps professionals and clients – owners and managers of modern dynamic high- tech and successful companies, firms, and businesses that rely on modern information systems and technologies.

Using machine learning to classify DOS/DDOS attacks

The relevance of this work is manifested in the need to detect and counteract DOS/DDOS attacks, which pose a serious threat to modern information systems. These cyberattacks lead to significant economic losses and disruptions in the operation of network services. The aim of the work is to confirm the hypothesis that the decision tree method performs better for detecting DOS/DDOS attacks under certain conditions. A comparison of decision tree methods with other machine learning methods (RF, SVM, KNN, ANN, NB, SGBoost) was conducted based on the CSICIDS2017 dataset. Decision trees have shown significant improvements in attack detection accuracy through optimal hyperparameter tuning and dataset selection.

Dual-Tower Counterfactual Session-Aware Recommender System.

In the complex dynamics of modern information systems such as e-commerce and streaming services, managing uncertainty and leveraging information theory are crucial in enhancing session-aware recommender systems (SARSs). This paper presents an innovative approach to SARSs that combines static long-term and dynamic short-term preferences within a counterfactual causal framework. Our method addresses the shortcomings of current prediction models that tend to capture spurious correlations, leading to biased recommendations. By incorporating a counterfactual viewpoint, we aim to elucidate the causal influences of static long-term preferences on next-item selections and enhance the overall robustness of predictive models. We introduce a dual-tower architecture with a novel data augmentation process and a self-supervised training strategy, tailored to tackle inherent biases and unreliable correlations. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach, outperforming existing benchmarks and paving the way for more accurate and reliable session-based recommendations.