Modern Health Technology Research Articles

Упровадження сучасних інноваційних технологій у контексті професійної підготовки для розвитку фізичної культури в закладах вищої педагогічної освіти

The relevance of the research is due to the fact that the professional training of teachers is one of the most urgent issues of pedagogical science, and the professional training of a future physical education teacher in the new conditions of today is a process of personality formation that occurs in accordance with professional activity. One of the leading trends in the modernization of higher education in Ukraine is increasing attention to the problem of improving its quality. In institutions of higher pedagogical education, there is a problem of organizing an educational process focused on a student-centered approach, high-quality professional training of students, in particular: mastering professional knowledge, abilities and skills, personal and professional qualities, which will allow students of higher pedagogical education to use modern teaching tools and methods and be focused on successful professional activity with wide access to employment. The new requirements of society provide for the introduction of innovative approaches and non-standard methods in the entire educational process, and in the field of physical education – the development and use of innovative means and modern health technologies and fitness programs. The main resource for the implementation of innovative technologies in the process of physical education is the physical culture teacher of the educational institution. While building his knowledge system, a modern teacher must possess innovative technologies, modern fitness technologies, navigate a wide range of modern innovations and be able to implement them in the educational process.

THE MODERN TECHNOLOGIES USAGE IN THE HEALTH-PRESERVING ACTIVITIES OF EDUCATORS OF PRESCHOOL EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

Modern reforms taking place in education require new approaches to the organization of educational space in preschool institutions. Currently, much attention is paid to the system of improving teachers; healthcare work. Education of preschool children in a responsible attitude to their health, as the most important human value, should be carried out in the course of health-saving activities of educators. The implementation of these tasks involves the introduction of modern health technologies into the system of work on preserving and strengthening the health of preschool children. The main principle of these technologies is the prevention of diseases, which is extremely crucial for a childs body, which develops quite quickly. In our opinion, health technologies will contribute to the formation of preschoolers; ideas about health, a valuable attitude to the environment, and motivation for a healthy lifestyle. The diversity of health technologies will allow teachers to further improve health-preserving activities in preschool education institutions.

Психогігієнічні принпипи використання здоров’язберігаючих технологій у сучасних закладах вищої освіти

Objective: We established and scientifically substantiated the psychohygienic principles of using health-preserving technologies in modern institutions of higher education. Materials and methods. The research was conducted on the basis of National Pyrohov Memorial Medical University. A well-structured set of highly informative modern hygienic, medical-sociological, psychophysiological and psychodiagnostic methods and methods of statistical analysis were used to adequately achieve this goal. Results. The data obtained in the course of research indicate that as conceptual psychohygienic principles of effective use of health-preserving technologies in modern institutions of higher education should be noted: (1) regime-adaptive principle of application of psychohygienic components in the structure of modern health-preserving technologies, which determines the need to take into account the main regime elements of educational and extracurricular activities of students in specific conditions of the educational process, determining and constantly monitoring the level of educational adaptation and academic performance of students, especially in professionally oriented disciplines; (2) psychophysiological principle of application of psychohygienic components in the structure of modern health technologies, which is determined by the level of development of leading socially and professionally significant psychophysiological functions of the body of girls and boys; (3) personal principle of application of psychohygienic components in the structure of modern health technologies, which is related to the peculiarities of assessing the processes of formation of leading personality traits of student youth, which play an important role under the influence of both favorable and, above all, unfavorable educational factors. extracurricular activities; (4) integrative-functional principle of application of psychohygienic components in the structure of modern health technologies, which is determined by the presence of deep relationships between individual components of the functional state and adaptive capacity of young girls and young boys, which have a complex impact on health and theoreticalу- and, mainly, practically-significant components of students’ training. Conclusions. In the course of the research the leading psychohygienic principles of using health-preserving technologies in modern modern institutions of higher education have been identified and scientifically substantiated.

Дефіцит рухової активності як фактор погіршення здоров’я, зниження працездатності студентів закладів вищої освіти

The article reveals the role of motor activity in the lives of students. The factors that determine it and determine the norms are presented. The dynamics of disability due to illness by students of different years of study and with different levels of physical activity is revealed. It was found that the main cause of a large number of diseases is the low level of physical activity of student youth. Ways to activate the motor activity of students by means of physical education are planned. The main possibilities of using modern health technologies in the process of classes with students are considered. The focus is on the areas and forms of work with students on their motivation to maintain and promote health. Work on individualization of health fitness programs in higher educational institutions has been carried out. The concepts of «fitness», «aerobics» are revealed. The main attention is paid to the problem and analysis of the formation of a healthy lifestyle of student youth in a higher education institution, as an important component of youth and social public policy. The tendencies of deteriorating health, physical fitness and physical activity of health-improving orientation in students of higher educational institutions are studied. The provision of the most effective process of physical education of students is determined. Particular attention is paid to improving the efficiency of physical education through the introduction of modern non-traditional types of physical culture and health activities in the educational process and finding modern ways of recovery, identifying features of the structure and content of classes, studying their impact on the body and improving students' physical condition. The issues of updating the content of the program of physical education of students by introducing modern health technologies that meet their interests were considered.

The Impact of modern Health Technologies Training Program on Knowledge of Health Information Management Personnel

The Impact of modern Health Technologies Training Program on Knowledge of Health Information Management Personnel

Structural Changes in the Hungarian Healthcare System Between 2000 and 2017

BackgroundThe rigid and old-fashioned structure of the Hungarian healthcare system has been discussed since the mid-1990s and is at the center of professional and policy debates. It is characterized by the too high number of acute care hospital beds in international comparison; access is regionally unequal; levels of progressive care are mixed; and there is a nonuniform emergency service system with unequal access to the emergency room, heterogeneous quality of care, and unexploited opportunities of modern health technology (eg, 1-day surgery, minimally invasive procedures, telemedicine). ObjectivesThe aim of this study is to analyze the indicators of ongoing structural changes of the Hungarian healthcare system between 2000 and 2017. MethodsData are derived from the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development Heath Statistics, Hungarian National Statistical Office, National Health Insurance Fund Administration and the database of the European Structural Funds. The methods used for the analysis are descriptive statistics, trend analysis, and longitudinal data. ResultsThe total number of hospitals beds showed a 32% reduction between 2005 and 2017. Parallel with this subsequent reduction of hospital bed capacities, we can see a moderate reduction (22.3%) in the number of discharged patients from hospitals: from 2005 to 2017, 2.55 million to 1.95 million. The average length of stay in acute hospital care has decreased from 6.3 to 5.1 days. About 25 to 27 small local hospitals lost their acute or short-term care profile (mainly intensive care units, internal medicine, surgery, and pediatric care wards) and became long-term care, chronic care, or rehabilitation profile hospitals. ConclusionStructural change is in progress in the Hungarian healthcare system, and some efficiency gains have been reached. Nevertheless, still there are significant potential efficiency gains in the better organization and management of health services in addition to the dissemination and better incorporation of modern healthcare technologies.

Impact of Economic Globalization on Life Expectancy in Nigeria

In recent years, there are been different opinions about the effects of economic globalization on longevity of citizens in developing countries. While some scholars evidenced that economic globalization has increase major health hazards and transmission of infectious diseases; others revealed that its improves life expectancy through education and access to modern health technology. Therefore, this study empirically examined the effects of globalization on life expectancy in Nigeria between the periods of 1986 to 2016. The research employed Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) to test for the unit root of the variables, and Johanson Co-integration test to investigate the long-run relationship among the variables. The findings of this study indicates that economic globalization have positive and significant impact on life expectancy in Nigeria. Hence, in providing policies that concern globalization in Nigeria, economic-dimension of globalization should be enhanced for it has long-run relationship with enhancement of longevity in Nigeria.

A Sociological Study of Health Consciousness among the Senior Citizens: With Special Reference to Radhey Green Colony of Dayalbagh Area of Agra City

<em>Health is one of the most important assets of human being and can be viewed as prerequisite for individual and national development. It is popular saying in Indian Society since ancient times ‘Health is the wealth’. It is true even today. The expansion of Yoga, meditation and modern health technology through mass-media, people are being more and more aware toward their health. Our government is also aware for wellbeing of health of our every individual including senior citizens. Senior citizens are the assets and heritage of our society as they have a long experience of socio-economic, cultural and environment issues. Society cares their health and lives and makes them conscious towards their health. Their health depends on their consciousness. But the health consciousness among senior citizens is a complex phenomenon and heterogeneous process determined by a number of physical, emotional, biological and socio-cultural factors. It is a subjective mental attention toward one’s health, hygiene and environment. </em>

Exploring factors impacting sharing health-tracking records

With the introduction of modern health technologies, the phenomenon of patients tracking health records has increased considerably in the recent past. The current study aims to examine the sharing of health-tracking records (HTR) by patients with different categories of acquaintances (spouse/partner, relatives, doctors, other). In this paper, we explore the critical factors that impact sharing of self-tracked information across two levels of sensitivity of HTR. Our study investigates how health motivation (HM), perceived health status (PHS), severity of health, and age influence sharing of self-tracked information. To do so, we adapted and applied the Health Belief Model (HBM) as a theoretical framework. The study employed multinomial logistic regression analysis to investigate the various factors that influence sharing of two types of HTR with different acquaintances. The statistical results were weighted to correct for known demographic discrepancies. Results indicated that HM, severity, and age substantially increase the likelihood of sharing HTR with health or medical professionals in comparison to other categories. In contrast, PHS increases the likelihood of information sharing with “other” acquaintances as opposed to with doctors. These findings are consistent with existing theory on HBM, wherein behavior appears to be predicted on the basis of/by both the individual׳s motivation to achieve an outcome and the expectation that a specific action will result in that outcome.

The Lectin Pathway of Complement and Biocompatibility.

In modern health technologies the use of biomaterials in the form of stents, haemodialysis tubes, artificial implants, bypass circuits etc. is rapidly expanding. The exposure of synthetic, foreign surfaces to the blood and tissue of the host, calls for strict biocompatibility in respect to contact activation, the coagulation system and the complement system. The complement system is an important part of the initial immune response and consists of fluid phase molecules in the blood stream. Three different activation pathways can initiate the complement system, the lectin, the classical and the alternative pathway, all converging in an amplification loop of the cascade system and downstream reactions. Thus, when exposed to foreign substances complement components will be activated and lead to a powerful inflammatory response. Biosurface induced complement activation is a recognised issue that has been broadly documented. However, the specific role of lectin pathway and the pattern recognition molecules initiating the pathway has only been transiently investigated. Here we review the current data on the field.

The diffusion of health technologies: Cultural and biological divergence

This paper proposes the hypothesis that genetic distance to the health frontier influences population health outcomes. Evidence from a world sample suggests that genetic distance, interpreted as long-term cultural and biological divergence, is an important factor in understanding health inequalities across countries. Specifically, the paper documents a remarkably robust negative link between genetic distance to the United States and population health—as measured by life expectancy at birth and the adult survival rate—even after accounting for an extensive set of possible confounders, such as GDP per capita and various climatic factors. Consistent with the interpretation that genetic distance is related to population health indirectly through human barriers to the diffusion of modern health technologies, the evidence indicates that the gene gradient emerges at the onset of the international epidemiological transition.

The Diffusion of Health Technologies: Cultural and Biological Divergence

This paper proposes the hypothesis that genetic distance to the health frontier influences population health outcomes. Evidence from a world sample suggests that genetic distance, interpreted as long-term cultural and biological divergence, is an important factor in understanding health inequalities across countries. In particular, the paper documents a remarkably robust negative link between genetic distance to the United States and population health --- as measured by life expectancy at birth and the adult survival rate --- even after accounting for an extensive set of possible confounders, such as GDP per capita and various climatic factors. Consistent with the interpretation that genetic distance is related to population health indirectly through human barriers to the diffusion of modern health technologies, the evidence indicates that the gene gradient emerges at the onset of the international epidemiological transition.

Governance for Personal Health Records

Personal health records (PHR) are a modern health technology with the ability to engage patients more fully in their healthcare. Despite widespread interest, there has been little discussion around PHR governance at an organizational level. We develop a governance model and compare it to the practices of some of the early PHR adopters, including hospitals and ambulatory care settings, insurers and health plans, government departments, and commercial sectors. Decision-making structures varied between organizations. Business operations were present in all groups, but patients were not represented in any of the governance structures surveyed. To improve patient-centered care, policy making for PHRs needs to include patient representation at a governance level.

Rapid achievement of the child survival millennium development goal: evidence from the Navrongo experiment in Northern Ghana

To determine the impact of deploying nurses and volunteers to village locations on demographic and health outcomes. We implemented an experimental design that emphasizes the value of aligning community health services with traditional social institutions that organize village life. Data for this analysis come from the Navrongo demographic surveillance system, a longitudinal database that tracks fertility, mortality, and migration events over time. The experiment uses conventional demographic methods for estimating mortality rates from longitudinal demographic surveillance registers. Posting nurses to community locations reduced childhood mortality rates by over half in 3 years and accelerated attainment of the childhood-survival millennium development goal (MDG) in the study areas relative to trends observed in comparison areas. Results from the Navrongo experiment demonstrate that community health and family planning programmes can have an impact on childhood mortality. Posting nurses to communities can dramatically accelerate the pace of progress in achieving the childhood-survival MDGs. Community-volunteer approaches, however, have no additional impact, a finding that challenges the child survival value of international investment in volunteer-based health programmes. The total cost of the intensive arm of the project is less than $10 per capita per year. Navrongo research thus demonstrates affordable means of attaining the child survival MDG agenda with existing technologies.

Marrying modern health practices and technology with traditional practices: issues for the African continent.

One of the main sessions at the 2001 22nd Quadrennial Congress of the International Council of Nurses in Denmark explored the harnessing of modern health technologies for contemporary health care. The session theme of 'marrying the old and the new' is particularly important in societies where modern medicine and technology coexist with traditional approaches to health care; in this instance, its coexistence with traditional medicine in African societies. This coexistence has not been easy for many African countries. For some, overt exclusion from health care systems through prohibitive legislation has become the order of the day for traditional practitioners. On the other hand, there has been an increasing interest in traditional practices among modern health practitioners and a willingness to collaborate. Similarly, traditional practitioners are slowly beginning to incorporate aspects of modern medicine into their practice; notably the use of science and technology. This report describes the interface of modern medicine and technologies with traditional approaches to health care. Benefits and concerns raised by genetic, information, solar and environmental technologies at this interface, are discussed. Selected traditions and the challenges these bring to the practice arena, research, education and policy, are presented together with suggestions to reconcile old and new.

Executive summary of the ECHTA/ECAHI project. European Collaboration for Health Technology Assessment/Assessment of Health Interventions.

Health technology is an indispensable part of any nation's healthcare system. During the past 50 years, all member states that comprise the European Union have increased their technological base for health care, both in terms of knowledge and by investments in equipment, devices, and pharmaceuticals. Generally, this process has gone well. However, several problems have emerged related to the acquisition, diffusion, and use of modern health technology. Concerns have been also raised about the effectiveness and efficiency of already established procedures in health care.

Progress in the Delivery of Health Care in Mexico

The Joint Pediatric Congress of the National Confederation of Pediatrics in Mexico and of the Mexican Association of Pediatrics, held April 28 through May 4, 1980, provided an unusual opportunity to review the dramatic changes that have been implemented in the past few years in the health care system of Mexico. A social security system, embodying health and welfare services and retirement benefits, became law in Mexico in 1943. In addition to supporting community welfare services, it has struggled to develop a format and resources for delivery of health care to the masses of Mexicans, including the poor or those too isolated from urban centers to have any effective access to the benefits of modern health technology.