Modern Facade Research Articles

Innovative Integration Of Modern Facade Design With Traditional Bubungan Tinggi Facade: Towards a Sustainable Home

Innovative Integration Of Modern Facade Design With Traditional Bubungan Tinggi Facade: Towards a Sustainable Home

Исследование эффективности практического применения теплотехнических характеристик изделий из стеклопластика в строительной отрасли

The article concerns with the assessment of the thermal performance of a facade system using fastening elements made of glass fiber-reinforced plastic (GFRP). The article analyses the efficiency of the technical solution based on fibreglass plastic in comparison with its metal-based counterparts. We present theoretical calculation data and graphs of thermal fields, calculate heat losses through point and linear thermotechnical inhomogeneities. As opposed to a steel spacer assembly with a coefficient of thermal homogeneity up to 0.82, such a design coefficient for a fibreglass element (0.99) is close to 1.0. Herein, the GFRP fastening elements demonstrated practical efficiency when used in real modern facade building structures: the thermal insulation thickness for GFRP was 130 mm, while that for the steel elements was 160 mm when applied in the facade fixing system.

Visual Quality Assessment of Historical Street Scenes: A Case Study of the First “Real” Street Established in Baghdad

Historical street scenes materialize essential cultural and artistic values for the cities in which they are located and their citizens. However, the visual quality of historical scenes is susceptible to a number of causes that could result in their deterioration. These causes can be environmental or man-made, with either generating elements that may influence the perceived visual quality of historical scenes. Therefore, this research is to assess the visual quality of historical street scenes and identify the elements that can potentially impact them. The study adopted a photo survey approach employing a Likert Scale as the main method to assess visual quality. In addition, a heatmap analysis technique was utilized to identify the elements that impact the visual quality of historical street scenes. The results indicate respondents’ high levels of dissatisfaction with the visual quality of Baghdad’s historical street scenes. The results also showed that modern facade materials, security concrete walls, and degraded buildings’ facades are elements that had a negative impact to the overall scenic quality. On the other hand, historical religious buildings, urban greenery, and unique historical buildings are elements that have a positive impact on the visual quality of historical street scenes. This research represents an approach for evaluating the visual impact and visual quality of historical street scenes, providing a quantitative tool for future initiatives focusing on the visual quality of historical legacy scenes. This research is a starting point for both researchers in urban conservation and architectural history, and municipal offices of improving the visual quality of historic streets scenes.

Problems of Transformation of Political Institutions After the War

The purpose of this article is to examine potential trends in the development of the political system of Ukraine after the end of the Russia-Ukraine war. Social changes always take place taking into account both subjective and objective circumstances. Currently the Ukrainian state relies on three pillars for further transformation of political institutions: 1) the Ukrainian value-mental tradition, 2) our own experience of democratic development in recent decades, 3) the political will to embrace European values. The latter means that Ukraine voluntarily undertook the obligation to meet the Copenhagen criteria, including to demonstrate the stability of institutions guaranteeing democracy, rule of law, human rights and protection of minorities. In the political circles of Ukraine, there is a "plan to restart the state", which boils down to structural changes in the system of public administration. Ukraine needs qualitative changes in the system of political relations, it is necessary to eliminate the contradiction between the form and content of political institutions. Archaic practices, nepotism, eastern methods of holding power by suppressing the opposition, corruption in the state apparatus and purely criminal practices are hidden behind the modern facade. War not only destroys, but also gives impulses for development through the mobilization of the nation's forces. We have a chance to restart political institutions and consolidate new structures born of war. We must pay attention to the institution of national resistance, which, through the movement of territorial defense and the volunteer movement, led to a situation of social filtering. As a result, strata of people crystallized, for whom the public good is higher than selfish interests. It is important not to lose the energy of the masses after the war and to use the patriotic movement to build political institutions.

Modern façade technologies and media architecture

Modern human is wrapped up in the virtual world of digital technologies. The lifestyle is changing and the requirements for the existing urban development are changing too. The architect has to look for new ways to create the appearance of modern architecture to attract attention to the surrounding reality. Innovative materials and digital technologies are actively used in architecture nowadays. Modern facade technologies are used for creating media architecture. By means of modern facade technologies new horizons in architecture are opening up, but the architect lacks sufficient experience in working with them. Professional duty forces us to master modern facade technologies in order to fully use them, anticipate dangerous points and be a participant in the ongoing changes in architectural design.

ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ АРМИРОВАНИЯ КАМЕННЫХ СВОДОВ КОМПОЗИТНЫМИ МАТЕРИАЛАМИ

The stone vaults of historical buildings are considered, which, due to a decrease in bearing capacity, require repair and restoration work. An analysis is given of the mechanisms of destruction of cylindrical vaults depending on the ratio of their height to the span. The advantages of strengthening the vaults with the help of reinforcement with composite materials are analyzed. A description is given of the technology of surface reinforcement of stone structures using composite materials on a polymer cement matrix FRCM (Fiber Reinforced Cementitious Matrix). The technique of experimental studies of models of reinforced and non-reinforced vaults is given. On the basis of the experiment, it is shown that the effectiveness of the reinforcement of the vaults is determined by the features of their stress-strain state and failure mechanisms. In particular, the effectiveness of reinforcement increases with an increase in the ratio of the height of the vaults to its span. These results are substantiated by the fact that in high arches the ratio of bending moments and longitudinal forces is dominant, and in the case of flat arches, longitudinal and transverse forces dominate in their sections, and destruction occurs in the form of shearing along inclined sections. Also, the effectiveness of reinforcement increases with their asymmetric loading relative to the middle of the span. According to the results of the study, graphs of the dependence of the maximum vertical displacements of the vaults were constructed, showing a significant effect of reinforcement on increasing their rigidity. In addition, it is emphasized that by now there is a need for a stable theory of the strength of complex stone structures - curvilinear, vaulted and others that are in a complex stress state. Its appearance can significantly simplify and unify the calculations made when examining stone buildings, drawing up projects for their restoration and reconstruction, and solve the problems of the strength of the masonry of modern facade systems.

Обоснование конструкции наружных стен из легких стальных тонкостенных конструкций исходя из обеспечения тепловой защиты зданий

Introduction. The article describes features of the design of external steel walls that ensure thermal insulation of buildings. Facade finishing methods are studied. Energy consumption by households, that consumes up to 40 % of all national energy resources, has triggered the development of energy-saving technologies. Their use will solve several problems at once, including conservation of natural energy resources, changing the system of housing and utility services, reducing environmental pollution, increasing the profitability of enterprises and the implementation of energy-saving programmes. Materials and methods. Not only new materials have been developed, but also the whole systems of enclosure structures, which require the study of structural and technological characteristics of facade systems. National standards have not yet been developed for numerous modern, relatively new materials designated for the insulation of external walls. There are two principal methods of wall insulation. The first one is the so-called “wet” method, that entails the use of gypsum mortar. The second one is “dry”; it entails the use of structural hinges to make an air gap between the outer screen and insulation. Results. Russian houses feature very low energy efficiency, and since the cost of electricity and gas for a Russian consumer is lowest in Europe, heat consumption (heating, hot water) is much higher than in Europe. Modern facade systems not only allow to change and beautify the appearance of the city due to a variety of styles and colours of its urban structures, they also improve thermal insulation properties and reduce construction time. Conclusions. External walls, having ventilated facades, are applied in residential and public buildings. They have a supplementary layer of thermal insulation, which is normally used in the construction of these facades. A light steel thin construction is used to make external walls and partitions, in addition to strength they improve the sound insulation of premises.

DEVELOPMENT OF ALGORITHM FOR CHOOSING A RATIONAL FACADE SYSTEM OF MULTI-STOREY BUILDINGS

Purpose. The authors aimed to form an algorithm for choosing a rational facade system for a specific construction site, taking into account climatic, organizational-technological and operational properties, applicable to use by any participant in the construction process. Methodology. The criteria for choosing a rational facade system were determined. The state of choosing and applicability of modern facade systems for new construction and overhaul in Ukraine was analyzed. Based on certain factors influencing the choice of the most rational facade system of a multi-storey residential or public building the authors formed a convenient and objective algorithm for choosing a facade system, taking into account the main features of the construction object, as well as operating parameters. The algorithm was adapted to practical application. Findings. The influence of the parameters of choosing facade system on the process of arrangement, operation and repair of the modern facade system is established. The obtained algorithm for choosing a rational facade system by an estimation of values of influence factors in activity of the leading design organizations of Dnipro was successfully tested. By passing the appropriate algorithms at the joint meetings of the designer, customer and contractor, the most rational facade systems were found for specific construction projects with significant objectivity of choice. The adaptability of the algorithm by discarding minor factors leads to increased visibility of the process of choosing a facade system. Originality. The regularity of the influence of a number of organizational-technological and operational factors on the process of choosing a rational facade system is established. The efficiency of determining the appropriate system for specific construction conditions has been increased, taking into account the peculiarities of operation and purpose of the building. Practical value. The participant of construction by passing a simple algorithm has the opportunity to clearly assess the influence of organizational, technological and operational factors on the choice of a rational facade system. By evaluating the parameters of the corresponding factors, the most rational facade system for a particular object was determined. As a result, the cost of operation of the facade system is significantly reduced while optimizing the duration of repair periods and improving the working conditions of the components of the facade system.

Influence of Modern Facade Coatings on The Value of the Weighted Average Albedo of the Building Façade

Influence of Modern Facade Coatings on The Value of the Weighted Average Albedo of the Building Façade

Researches Of Thermal And Physical Characteristics Of Heat-Insulating Materials In Composition Of Facade Systems

The aim of the work was to establish the operational thermophysical characteristics of the insulating materials used in different parts of modern facade systems (including in the buried part). To do this, an experimental stand was developed and mounted, with the help of which the operating conditions of heat-insulating materials as a part of two types of modern facade systems were simulated: SFTK and NFS. Samples of heat-insulating materials were taken to establish operational humidity in different periods of the year. It is shown that the modeling of flooding in the zone of the junction of the wall with the soil significantly affects the values and nature of the distribution of operational humidity inside the insulation layers. A new methodology has been developed and used for processing data from a full-scale experiment to monitor parameters that determine the heat-shielding properties of building envelopes. It is concluded that the soil in the zone of mating with the wall as a result of freezing in the cold season does not improve the heat-shielding characteristics of the building envelope, therefore this construction zone requires insulation. The validity of the amendments to the normative documents regarding the issues investigated was confirmed.

Homem cordial e suas fardas: os fracassos da modernidade em "Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma"

O artigo concentra-se na representação do mundo militar no romance Triste fim de Policarpo Quaresma. Partindo do pressuposto de que a sociedade moderna se caracteriza pelos princípios da legalidade, da funcionalidade e da impessoalidade, analisa a farda como uma metonímia da nova ordem almejada pelos adeptos da República, mas na qual persistem usos e costumes antigos, sob a aparência inconvincente da modernidade.

La rehabilitación como oportunidad de evolución de la fachada ligera . Caso de estudio: el Colegio de Arquitectos de Cataluña

La arquitectura moderna se caracteriza por su flexibilidad y fácil adaptación a las transformaciones. Las fachadas ligeras son muestra de ello, gracias a las mutaciones ventajosas que han aparecido en la envolvente en los últimos años. En este trabajo se intenta demostrar que a través de la rehabilitación de una fachada moderna es posible encontrar vías que señalen el camino de la evolución. En 2014, 12 propuestas de despachos españoles resultaron finalistas del concurso de la rehabilitación de la fachada del Colegio de Arquitectos de Cataluña (COAC), edificio que se encuentra dentro del Registro DOCOMOMO ibérico, el cual agrupa a los edificios del movimiento moderno más significativo de España y Portugal. Esta investigación confrontará las propuestas mediante el análisis de sus mejoras, agrupadas en cuatro aspectos arquitectónicos: tecnológicos, económicos, socio-ambientales y formales. Estas mejoras se abordan a través de estrategias que, por su recurrencia, finalmente señalarán los vectores de evolución para este caso.

ASPECTS DEFINITION OF RELIABILITY EVALUATION FACADE SYSTEMS FROM THE VIEW POINT OF EUROCODE

Purpose. This paper is devoted to the definition of the most rational technique of reliability evaluation of facade systems of multistoried residential buildings with using the experience of buildings construction and operation abroad. The subject is also focused on defining the parameters of materials and facade systems, the improvement of which can increase the reliability and durability of facade systems of multistoried residential buildings, as well as cut the cost of their operation. Methodology. A comparative analysis of the operating experience of various types of facade systems in Ukraine and abroad based on the data of different authors was conducted. The analysis of the impact of external factors on facade systems with the subsequent comparison of methods for assessing the reliability of facades according to the criteria stated in the Eurocode was carried out as well as the selection of parameters that determine the reliability and durability of facade systems. Findings. Authors have performed researches of evaluation methods of organizational and technological reliability and durability of modern facade systems. It was identified the cause of the failure of facade systems. It is offered the ways of materials improvement of facade systems, and constructional and organization-technological decisions on the structure of facade systems. Methods of increase of reliability and durability of front systems were defined. Originality. The most rational technique of reliability evaluation of facade systems considering requirements of Eurocode in questions structural design was defined. Practical value. Improvement of evaluating methods for organizational-technological reliability of facade systems of multistoried residential buildings will predict more accurately the lifetime of enclosures. Using the methods described in the Eurocodes, to determine the reliability and durability of the facade systems will provide the general criteria for the building structures design in Ukraine and Europe, as well as facilitate the exchange of experience in the construction and operation of buildings between the countries of Europe. An analysis of the causes of failures of facades enables to determine the directions of improving the properties of the materials used for the manufacture of facade elements structures as well as engineering and technological solutions of applied facade systems.

Stainless Steel Composite Integrated in Modern Facade Engineering

Stainless Steel Composite Integrated in Modern Facade Engineering

Structural Performance of Double-Skin Façade Systems Subjected to Blast Pressures

AbstractThe main function of a building facade system is to provide comfort and protection to interior building spaces. In a blast event, facade components become the weakest part of a building and the blast-induced shock wave may breach the facade and injure building occupants due to flying debris. There is increasing popularity in the use of double-skin facade systems (DSFSs) in modern facade construction because of their energy efficiency advantages. In addition to their improved energy performance, DSFSs can increase the blast-resistant capacity of a building. However, due to the complex structural interactions between DSFSs and blast-pressure waves, there is a lack of design codes that account for the performance of DSFSs under blast loading. This paper reports on an experimental program of analogical DSFSs that consist of steel panels as opposed to glass panels, subjected to a 250 kg equivalent TNT charge weight at a stand-off distance of 52 m (250 kg @ 52 m). Three different DSFS compartments with ...

Investigations of Cavity Pressure Behaviors of Double-Skin Façade Systems Subjected to Blast Loads

AbstractThe main function of a facade system is to provide comfort and protection to occupants inside the building. Glass facades are susceptible to severe damage due to their direct exposure to extreme loading conditions, such as blast. There is increasing popularity in the application of double-skin facade systems (DSFSs) in modern facade construction practice due to their high energy efficiency. In addition, when designed correctly, DSFSs exhibit a potentially higher capacity for blast resistance as opposed to single-layer facade systems. However, due to the complex fluid–structure interaction (FSI) between DSFSs and blast waves, there is a lack of design codes that address the structural response of DSFSs subjected to blast pressures. Understanding the behavior of the pressure within the DSFS cavity will facilitate the analysis of the blast performance of DSFSs. This paper reports an experimental program on analogical DSFSs made of steel as opposed to glazing panels, subjected to 250-kg equivalent TNT...

Enclosure and Facade Fires: Physics and Applications

Facade fires being a disastrous hazard for high rise building, as several historical and recent incidents have shown, have attracted the interests of numerous fire scientists, engineers and regulators. This work has as an objective to present issues in this area that are challenging and need further attention. It focuses on characterizing the flame height and heat fluxes from facade flames produced from under-ventilated enclosure fires on a facade that is not flammable. Such an investigation is an important consideration for practical applications as well as a prerequisite for examining fire spread on flammable facades and for designing a test for modern facade assemblies. The mass pyrolysis rates and burning of real fuels are discussed in under ventilated enclosures, rectangular or corridor like, for various openings presenting the current state and some critical issues. Facade flames are analyzed from experiments using gaseous burners to have control on the fuel supply rate by introducing physical length scales for the opening geometries to model flame heights and heat fluxes. An important parameter for the facade flames is the excess heat release rate of the fuel burning outside the enclosure. Finally, applications for facade flames with sidewalls and facade flames from two openings are presented.

Composite Materials for Next Generation Building Façade Systems

Composite materials, such as glass fibre reinforced polymers (GFRPs), possess the advantages of high strength and stiffness, low density, as well as manufacturing flexibility; therefore, their potential in replacing conventional materials (such as concrete, aluminium and steel) in building construction has become attractive. One of the major issues that hinder the extensive use of composite structures in high-rise building technology is related to their fire resistance performance. Significant efforts have been devoted to develop better material systems and composite manufacturing technologies to comply with various building construction safety codes, while maintaining the architectural aesthetic appeal. This paper presents the potential use of fibre reinforced polymer composites (FRPCs) in modern facade systems, with a special focus on their fire performance. A case study relating to the fire performance of glass fibre reinforced polymers is also presented. This case study is based on the numerical model established for glass fibre reinforced polyester, vinyl ester, epoxy and phenol without flame retardants.

The Greek Key: Getting Acquainted in Athens

Greek Key: Exploring Athens as a Cultural Landscape serves as an interdisciplinary course aimed at giving students a first-hand understanding of an authentic Athens by way of guided walks. The modern facade of the city is leveraged by taking into account history, politics, socio-economic influences, as well as alternative approaches to studying the urban landscape. Learners are encouraged to respond to their immediate experiences and observations in a variety of expressive media. These involve writing in an effective voice, the compilation of a personal narrative of a selected route with non-textual means, the construction of a photomontage, as well as formal academic responses. Readings selected both from the international critical discourse on contemporary urban culture as well as from Greek literary production assist students’ critical focus on their study abroad experience of Athens. Placing under discussion not only particular aspects of Greek society but also the ways individual background shapes each person’s perceptions of cultural difference the class aims at providing learners with the skill and enthusiasm of exploring a foreign culture as this is inscribed on its physical real physical environment. Along the way, Greek Key learners become acquainted not only with the city of Athens but also with themselves, challenging their very own cultural expectations and beliefs.

London: a life in maps

Like all the great historic cities of Europe, London appears to us solid and unchanging. We feel that we can still explore the London of Dickens, Dr. Johnson, Defoe, Wren and even Shakespeare. The very names St Paul's, Smithfield, Charing Cross, St James's, seem to link us with those past eras. But this solidity is an illusion, for throughout its long history London has been changing and evolving. It has been renewing or replacing the streets and buildings at its heart and has been spreading inexorably outwards. This process is vividly illustrated by maps of London that have been drawn and published over the past 500 years; and this book offers a magnificent panorama of London's history by focusing on its maps. The link between London and Westminster; the devastation of the Great Fire; the emergence of the West End as a place of fashion; the opening of the Royal Parks; the building of the docks; the coming of the railway age; the impact of World Wars - all these processes and many more are evident in these historic maps. Approximately 200 important maps from the mid-sixteenth century to the present day are illustrated and discussed. For all those who know but who wish to look behind the modern facade, London, A Life in Maps should prove irresistible, highlighting the challenge of predicting London's future development and character.