Modern Era Research Articles

A hybrid steganography and watermark algorithm for copyright protection by using multiple embedding approaches

In this modern era, it has become much simpler to replicate, sell, and copy the copyright owners' works without their permission as a result of the expansion of digitalization, and it is difficult to identify such violations, posing a threat to the creators' and copyright owners' rights. For many years, the internet has been regarded as one of the most serious threats to copyright, and the content available has varying levels of copyright protection. On the internet, there are numerous copyrighted works, including e-books, movies, news, and so on. Therefore, by using watermarking and steganography techniques, these issues can be solved, which are based on the author's signature information or logo. This paper concluded that the techniques of discrete cosine transform (DCT), discrete wavelet transform (DWT), one-time pad (OTP), and playfair are highly effective when used together to watermark an image or embed a secret message, our lab results validate that our algorithm scheme is robust against several sets of attacks, where the algorithm was assessed by computation of many evaluation metrics such as mean square error (MSE), signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR).

Review on Diabetes Mellitus: An Insight into the Current Scenarios, the Challenges of Therapy, and Application of Traditional Drugs

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus, an epidemic of the 21st century, is listed as one of the top ten causes of death around the world by the World Health Organization and is a complicated disease to deal with. Medically, a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels and altered metabolism of biological macromolecules, mainly carbohydrates. Diabetes mellitus has a worldwide prevalence, and populations of all high, middle, as well as low-income countries, are affected by it. More than 400 million persons are currently living with diabetes. Many risk factors, such as lack of exercise, irregular diet, drinking, and smoking habits, as well as genetic factors, also contribute to the increased incidence of diabetes mellitus in the modern era. The conventional therapies for diabetes are based on insulin, insulin analogues, peptides, and oral hypoglycemics. The primary objective is to lower the elevated blood glucose levels and manage the distress to enhance the quality of life of the patient. The management of diabetes is very crucial to avoid complications having serious consequences such as the extra economic burden due to these complications. Conventional drug therapy has its own adverse effects, and its timely availability and cost are still an issue in many low and middle-income countries. Diabetes mellitus has been reported in various ancient kinds of literature along with various natural remedies (plants/herbals) useful in it. These plant-based remedies offer the benefits of lesser or no adverse effects, easy availability due to natural abundance, and low cost. Therefore, extensive research work is carried out in the past few decades to identify and understand the underlying principles of plant-based/herbal medicines to develop new potential lead molecules and a relatively safer, easily available and more economical alternative treatment therapy for diabetes mellitus.

IOT Based Smart Parking System

Abstract: The problem faced by people in this modern era in urban areas is the problem of parking whether it is in shopping mall, railway station, hospitals, movie theatre, etc. This problem occurs due the increase of number of vehicles in recent times. Furthermore, today’s car parking is insufficient and driver/users waste most of the time in finding a place to park their vehicles. The purpose of this research is to use modern technologies like IoT (Internet of Things) and RFID (Radio-Frequency Identification) which detects the availability of parking slots in the parking lots. Besides, the smart parking system has a web application which displays how many slots are available and alerts the user when status of the slot has changed. Additionally, the user details are added on the database. Hence, the smart parking system will provide a smooth functioning and will take the parking system to new levels

Optimization research of handwritten digit recognition algorithm based on hardware neural networks

In the modern era of digitization, the widespread application of handwritten numerical data has led to an exponential increase in data volume, necessitating efficient real-time recognition and processing systems. This project is grounded in the foundational structure of neural networks, with a specific focus on integrating these networks into hardware through Very-Large-Scale Integration (VLSI). The primary objective is to achieve faster processing speeds, lower power consumption, and real-time operations. The central emphasis of this study is the design and implementation of a hardware neural network system tailored specifically for handwritten digit recognition. Drawing from neural network theory, we explore the construction of a hardware-based handwritten digit classifier. The fundamental model employed is the single-layer perceptron neuron model. Upon receiving 28x28 pixel grayscale images, the image classifier utilizes pre-trained weights, activation functions, and a maximum selector to compare and output recognition results for numerical digits. The concrete implementation is realized using the Verilog hardware description language, coupled with algorithm optimization strategies to enhance performance and efficiency. This research endeavor aims to provide an effective hardware solution for real-time handwritten digit recognition in the digital age.

A novel method for air assisted nanosecond pulsed fiber laser beam transmission micro-channelling on thick PMMA material

The demand for scaling up polymeric materials for mass production or scaling down for microscale applications is at its peak in the modern era. Laser beam technology enables the formation of micro-channels on polymers, specifically polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). This study examines the viability and cost-effectiveness of employing the diode pump fiber laser transmission technique to create micro-channels on thick, transparent PMMA under air-assisted circumstances for biomedical engineering and micro-fluidics applications. The analysis has included process variables such as pulse frequency, power, and cutting speed, as well as machining parameters including depth of cut, kerf width, and heat-affected zone (HAZ) width. The results of multi-objective optimization indicate that the following parameters—a pulse frequency of 51.30 kHz, a working power of 13 % of 50 W, and a cutting speed of 0.60 mm/s—contribute to the desired microfluidics response values: 12.54 µm depth of cut, 24.05 µm kerf width, and 5.98 µm HAZ width.

Oral Myiasis—An Uncommon Finding in Modern Era

Oral Myiasis—An Uncommon Finding in Modern Era

The place and role of adaptive sports in modern Ukrainian society

The article considers adaptive sports as a component of physical culture, a part of the general culture of society, and the international Olympic movement as the largest social movement of the modern era, which arises and operates under the influence of various social factors and, in turn, has a significant impact on society. It is noted that due to the conditions that have arisen in Ukraine as a result of the war, especially its consequences, the role of adaptive physical education and sports has acquired special significance for the further effective development of our society, the restoration of the employability of a special contingent of the population, and adaptation to new living conditions. Given the challenges facing Ukraine related to the increasing number of people with disabilities as a result of military actions, ensuring the effective functioning of sports organizations that develop adaptive sports is relevant. One of the significant achievements of the 20th and early 21st centuries is the realization and scientific substantiation of the decisive role of physical activity in the rehabilitation of people with special needs. The efforts of government agencies, scientists, and practitioners should be aimed at finding ways to optimally use means of physical culture and sports to strengthen health, achieve the necessary level of employability, and adapt disabled individuals in society. People with special needs are a global social phenomenon that cannot be ignored by physical education and sports professionals. The proposed direction of physical culture should increase the adaptation of individuals with special needs to the changed living conditions. It allows improving functional capabilities, contributes to the restoration of physical and mental health, the reintegration of the mentioned category of individuals into society during and after the war period, and the restoration of a sense of social completeness.

Abstract IA013: Current state of the art: Bladder-preserving trimodality therapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer

Abstract Many muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients are not getting curative treatment, there remains an undertreated/underserved population and a huge unmet need. Some are not good surgical candidates and others decline a radical cystectomy given concerns regarding its morbidity. Trimodality therapy (TMT), comprising of a maximal transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) followed by chemoradiation (with salvage cystectomy reserved for those that incur a muscle-invasive recurrence), has emerged as a viable bladder-preserving alternative to radical cystectomy for selected patients. In clinically-matched cohorts, survival is comparable to radical cystectomy in the modern era. More than 85% of contemporary patients keep their own native bladder and long-term quality of life after bladder preservation is good. Salvage cystectomy is feasible and can be curative for those with MIBC recurrences. TMT is now supported by numerous clinical guidelines, including NCCN (category 1 recommendation for stage II and IIIA). There are opportunities to continue to optimize clinical staging of disease (e.g. MRI), delivery of RT (e.g. image guidance, adaptive delivery, dose escalation, hypofractionation, field design) and systemic therapies (e.g. concurrent, neoadjuvant and adjuvant, including possibly immunotherapy) to improve outcomes. Ongoing trials (such as SWOG/NRG 1806 which recently closed to accrual) will inform the addition of immunotherapy to TMT. Validation of biomarkers in independent cohorts and in prospective trials is necessary to further guide bladder preservation therapy for MIBC and for personalized treatment selection. Ultimately, MIBC patients should be seen in a multidisciplinary environment where informed decision making by the patient is key. Citation Format: Jason A. Efstathiou. Current state of the art: Bladder-preserving trimodality therapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on Bladder Cancer: Transforming the Field; 2024 May 17-20; Charlotte, NC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Clin Cancer Res 2024;30(10_Suppl):Abstract nr IA013.

Internet of Things (IoT) in Healthcare

In this modern era, we have seen increased number of Heart disease Asthma, Diabetes and Mental health patients. So, in these conditions, IOT play a crucial role in this type of disease. Through the integration of sensors, software, and actuators for tracking and monitoring purposes into patients and their medications, smart healthcare plays a vital part in healthcare applications. Through the use of sensors, clinical care uses the Internet of Things to monitor patients' physiological status. Data is collected, evaluated, and sent remotely to processing centers so that appropriate actions can be taken. People's lifestyles are being significantly impacted by IOT devices. This growth is mostly being driven by interest in health and wellbeing. This approach has the potential to expedite the transformation of hospitals into smart ones and help physicians identify and recommend appropriate wearable IOT devices. This is not only for patients, it also useful for normal people to check own health status by using wearable IOT devices. The design and development of dependable and reasonably priced wireless sensing device based on the Node MCU microcontroller for the real-time collection of health vital signs including heart rate and body temperature. their engagement in healthcare benefit conveyance.

Generalizing toward Nonrespondents: Effect Estimates in Survey Experiments Are Broadly Similar for Eager and Reluctant Participants

Abstract Survey experiments on probability samples are a popular method for investigating population-level causal questions due to their strong internal validity. However, lower survey response rates and an increased reliance on online convenience samples raise questions about the generalizability of survey experiments. We examine this concern using data from a collection of 50 survey experiments which represent a wide range of social science studies. Recruitment for these studies employed a unique double sampling strategy that first obtains a sample of “eager” respondents and then employs much more aggressive recruitment methods with the goal of adding “reluctant” respondents to the sample in a second sampling wave. This approach substantially increases the number of reluctant respondents who participate and also allows for straightforward categorization of eager and reluctant survey respondents within each sample. We find no evidence that treatment effects for eager and reluctant respondents differ substantially. Within demographic categories often used for weighting surveys, there is also little evidence of response heterogeneity between eager and reluctant respondents. Our results suggest that social science findings based on survey experiments, even in the modern era of very low response rates, provide reasonable estimates of population average treatment effects among a deeper pool of survey respondents in a wide range of settings.

Nanoparticle aggregation and electro-osmotic propulsion in peristaltic transport of third-grade nanofluids through porous tube

In the modern era, the utilization of electro-kinetic-driven microfluidic pumping procedures spans various biomedical and physiological domains. The present study introduces a mathematical framework for characterizing the hemodynamics of peristaltic blood flow within a porous tube infused with ZrO2 nanoparticles. This model delves into the interactions between buoyancy, electro-osmotic forces, and aggregated nanoparticles to discern their influence on blood flow. We employ a third-grade fluid model to elucidate the rheological behavior of the pseudoplastic fluid which refers to its response to applied shear stress, specifically the relationship between shear rate and viscosity. The collective influence of accommodating heat convection, joule heating and aggregated nanoparticles contributes to the thermal behavior of fluids. The distribution of electric potential within the electric double layer (EDL) is predicted by solving the Poisson–Boltzmann equation. The rescaled equations are simplified using the lubrication and Debye-Hückel models as the underlying frameworks. The novel homotopy perturbation method is employed to obtain solutions for the finalized non-linear partial differential equation. Theoretical assessment of hemodynamic impacts involves plotting graphical configurations for various emerging parameters. As electro-osmotic parameter increase, the bloodstream encounters greater impedance, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of electro-osmotic assistance. Concurrently, elevated convective heat markedly reduces the rate of heat transfer, potentially resulting in a drop in blood temperature. It is important to note that maximum shear stress occurs when the artery is positioned horizontally, underscoring the significant impact of arterial alignment on wall shear stress. Skin friction intensifies with the increasing wall permeability as aggregated nanofluids pass through the arterial conduit. Therefore, aggregation of nanoparticles into the bloodstream yields a broader spectrum of distinctive physiological features. In summary, these findings enable more effective tool and device designs for addressing medication administration challenges and electro-therapies.

PELATIHAN PEMANFAATAN DIGITAL PARENTING CONTROL MENGGUNAKAN GOOGLE FAMILY LINK PADA IBU TAMAN KAMPUNG TANGGUH

The use of digital technology is increasingly widespread in the modern era, which is changing the way parents educate their children. "Google Parenting" emerged as a term that reflects parents' efforts to face the challenges of parenting in the digital era. This concept emphasizes the importance of parents understanding the impact of technology on children's development as well as appropriate development strategies to use it wisely while maintaining balance in family life. This service activity aims to provide understanding to parents about using the Google Family Link application. The first stage includes theoretical explanations, direct practice using the application, and interactive discussions. The material is delivered through multimedia techniques using a laptop and the internet. This activity is not only informative but also involves active participants through modules, pretests, posttests and discussions. The results of the training for PKK RW 012 Taman Kampung Tangguh mothers showed an increase in their awareness and understanding of digital risks for children as well as their ability to control children's online activities. This helps reduce the risk of exposure to age-inappropriate content and improves communication between mother and child regarding digital safety.

Preparation and Analysis of New Hybrid PAEK Nano-Composites Containing MWCNT, Inorganic and Organic Nano-Particles

In modern era light weight material with complex shape and high material properties is required for advanced applications at room temperature. In this concern, the experimental study analysis to observe the effect of different nanofiller material like GO, MWCNT, NH2 and COOH modified MWCNT as organic nanofiller and WS2 and MoS2 as inorganic nanofiller reinforced in pure PAEK. This experimental study focuses on incorporation of organic and inorganic nanofillers separately and combine as hybrid nanofiller nanocomposite. On preparation of PAEK nano-composite and hybrid nanocomposite the comparative study of mechanical properties like tensile, flexural and impact is carried out. The nano-composites were prepared by melt compounding method. Scanning Electron Microscopy confirm the homogenous dispersion and alignment of nanofilers. The hybrid nano-composites show highest tensile strength as compared to the organic and in-organic nanofiller nanocomposite. As the percentage of MWCNT increases from 0.2 to 1 wt% , the properties of nano-composites decreases due agglomeration tendency of MWCNT that results in low load transfer capacity of nanocomposite, therefore agglomeration tendency of MWCNT required to be controlled for preparation of nano-composite and this is achieved by reinforcing Hybrid nanofillers to pure PAEK matrix. However, organic filler shows 75 MPa to 83 MPa tensile properties and which is lower compared to in-organic and hybrid filler due agglomeration tendency of organic nanofiller confirmed by SEM analysis.

Importance of Cyber Security in Gaming Industry: A Review

The Gaming industry, which was once a small industry, has now become one of the fastest-growing industries in the world. With the development of internet technology, online gaming has become a way of entertainment and connecting among the young generation of the modern era. This review paper speaks about the cyber security required in gaming to protect players and gaming companies from potential losses from cyber attacks. By exploring different situations, this paper explores various and effective security measures for the gaming industry. This paper also discusses existing cyber security technology used in cyber security. In a further paper, some cyber security solutions are discussed for fortifying games.. Keywords— Cyber Security, Gaming, Gaming Industry, Threats, Cyber Attacks, Protection, Cybersecurity Education, Protection measures.

Piezoelectric surgery - Gaining popularity in modern periodontics: A review

In this modern era of dentistry, piezoelectric surgery is one of the novel innovations invented by T. Vercelloti to perform various osseous surgeries. The piezoelectric device increases treatment effectiveness and ease of using the instrument during the surgery. Minor bleeding, accuracy in cutting, and magnificent tissue healing make it best to enhance surgical results despite being used in the most complex anatomical cases. The piezoelectric device produces ultrasonic vibration (25-29KHz frequency), an oscillation (60-120µm), and power up to 50W. Piezoelectric surgery devices allow for adequate bone-cutting without damaging the soft tissue. The present review emphasizes its discovery, ideology, components, and wide application in dentistry.

Healthcare in the Modern Era: Launching a Telemedicine-Based OPD Consultation in Rural Pune (Process, Results, and Challenges)

Healthcare in the Modern Era: Launching a Telemedicine-Based OPD Consultation in Rural Pune (Process, Results, and Challenges)

Inferring diet, disease and antibiotic resistance from ancient human oral microbiomes.

The interaction between a host and its microbiome is an area of intense study. For the human host, it is known that the various body-site-associated microbiomes impact heavily on health and disease states. For instance, the oral microbiome is a source of various pathogens and potential antibiotic resistance gene pools. The effect of historical changes to the human host and environment to the associated microbiome, however, has been less well explored. In this review, we characterize several historical and prehistoric events which are considered to have impacted the oral environment and therefore the bacterial communities residing within it. The link between evolutionary changes to the oral microbiota and the significant societal and behavioural changes occurring during the pre-Neolithic, Agricultural Revolution, Industrial Revolution and Antibiotic Era is outlined. While previous studies suggest the functional profile of these communities may have shifted over the centuries, there is currently a gap in knowledge that needs to be filled. Biomolecular archaeological evidence of innate antimicrobial resistance within the oral microbiome shows an increase in the abundance of antimicrobial resistance genes since the advent and widespread use of antibiotics in the modern era. Nevertheless, a lack of research into the prevalence and evolution of antimicrobial resistance within the oral microbiome throughout history hinders our ability to combat antimicrobial resistance in the modern era.

Unleashing the Power of Django for Construction Materials Rental

In the realm of construction equipment rental, efficient management of resources and seamless access to construction materials are paramount for project success. This paper explores the utilization of Django, a high-level Python web framework, to revolutionize the construction equipment rental industry. By harnessing the power of Django, this study proposes a comprehensive platform that streamlines the process of renting construction equipment and accessing necessary materials. The platform integrates features such as user-friendly interfaces, robust inventory management systems, real-time tracking, and secure payment gateways to enhance user experience and optimize operational efficiency. Through a combination of Django's flexibility, scalability, and rich ecosystem of plugins, this solution aims to address the challenges faced by construction companies in managing equipment rentals and material procurement. Furthermore, the paper discusses the technical implementation of Django within the context of construction equipment rental, highlighting its potential to transform traditional workflows and propel the industry towards digital innovation. This study specify the adoption of Django in construction equipment rental has the potential to unleash a new era of efficiency, transparency, and productivity, thereby driving the industry towards greater success and competitiveness in the modern era

Construction of a Scale Towards E-Crop Booking Services of Rythu Bharosa Kendras (RBKs)

In this modern era, farmers encounter difficulties in receiving timely advices and services from extension agents. Due to technological advancements in the recent past quality of services, speed in deliverables and precision actions are possible by creating proper interface between farmers, scientists, extension officers, service providers and by bringing innovation/sustainable interventions in agriculture and allied sectors. With this context as a new extension reform, state government of Andhra Pradesh, India has launched Rythu Bharosa Kendras for bringing the extension system nearer to the farming community and more transparency to ensure quality of services. Hence, this study represents the construction of a perception scale to understand the perception of farmers towards Rythu Bharosa Kendras. Keeping this in view, an attempt has been made to develop a scale for measuring the perception of farmers towards e-crop booking services of Rythu Bharosa Kendras. Likert’s method of summated rating technique was adopted to construct the scale. Based on the available literature and expert’s opinion, 50 statements were developed. After editing as per informal criteria, 40 statements were subjected to item analysis among the farmers of non-sample area. Out of which, 32 statements were retained in the developed perception scale based on the highest ‘t’ value. The ‘r’ (correlation coefficient) value was found to be 0.852 which represents significant at 1 per cent level and the reliability and validity of the constructed scale were found appropriate to measure the perception of farmers towards e-crop booking services of Rythu Bharosa Kendras.

Introduction: minorities and gender in contested urban spaces special issue

ABSTRACT While studies on urban minorities have interested scholars in history, sociology, ethnography and geography for a full century, ‘minorities within minorities’ are more often than not absent. Gendered groups within ethnic or religious minorities in the modern metropolis experienced doubled- or even tripled marginalisation in the urban landscape. This introduction provides an overview of the scholarly work that has been done on ethnic/religious and gendered minorities in the modern era (1750-1950). It points out the strengths and promises of the current field, but more importantly, shows that due to lack of traditional sources, the field needs to push methodological boundaries and find new ways to bring back these voices into scholarly research. Mediating on some possible avenues, the introduction introduces the three articles and how the push the field forwards.