Modern Architectural Style Research Articles

Masjid Perjuangan 45 Medan City: History and Architecture

Masjid perjuangan 45 is one of the oldest mosques in Medan, North Sumatra. This mosque was built by a Tengku named Sultan Matsyeh in 1922 and became a refuge for fighters against invaders who came to North Sumatra. The purpose of this research is to find out the history and architecture of the 45th struggle mosque. This research uses qualitative research methods with a historical approach, this research contributes to understanding the history and role of the 45th struggle mosque in the context of local history and architecture so as to enrich insight into the cultural and religious heritage in this area. So that this mosque is maintained as one of the mosques that has a history of struggle in expelling invaders from Indonesia, especially North Sumatra and it is known that this mosque stands on land owned by Tengku Matseh, he is the Sultan of Percut. The architecture of this mosque itself refers to the modern architectural style and still respects the existing Islamic architectural values.

Virtual Reality in Historic Urban District Renovation for Enhancing Social and Environmental Sustainability: A Case of Tangzixiang in Anhui

Virtual reality (VR) technology has attracted the attention of architectural practitioners due to its ability to allow people to interact with proposed design elements through unique and immersive experiences. This study aims at providing a bottom-up decision-making approach, using VR technology for inhabitant engagement in the design process of historic urban district renovation to preserve local culture, improve community interaction, and replace printed paper use for review. The study focuses on the Tangzixiang district in the Anhui province, providing Scheme 1 with a traditional architectural style and Scheme 2 with a modern architectural style for the renovation. The schemes are developed in a VR environment in both smooth movement mode and node-based movement mode. A total of 62 inhabitants and 10 architecture practitioners finished the VR experience, and the survey-based results indicate that VR quality can satisfy the requirements of practitioners in a professional review. In the inhabitants’ view, Scheme 1, with a traditional architectural style, is identified as being more effective in preserving local culture. The scheme is improved by the design studio after the survey, based on the questionnaire results and comments. Notably, 56 participants scored five, indicating their agreement with the notion that VR enhances their engagement in the design stage. The effectiveness of the VR technology in the bottom-up decision-making process has proven to offer inhabitants opportunities to participate. This study demonstrates how this level of immersive experience in VR environments has the potential to be applied in more projects, aiding clients in better understanding design intent and helping them make more informed decisions early in the design process.

Tipologi Fasad Bangunan Pada Rumah Besak di Kampung Arab Assegaf Palembang

Assegaf Village is a settlement located on the banks of the Musi River and is inhabited by residents of Arab descent. This region continues to uphold traditional and cultural norms which are closely related to religious values. With the development it has experienced, Assegaf Village has given birth to a new settlement which still maintains its special characteristics as a place to live for people of Arab descent. This village has high historical and cultural value. The research methods used include field surveys, visual documentation, and interviews with nearby workers to understand the unique characteristics of the building facade. The aim of this research is to analyze and classify the typology of building facades in besak houses in Kampung Arab Assegaf Palembang. The findings of this research are that this building was built in the 19th century using the Indies House type. The typology of the Rumah Besak building facade is more of a modern architectural style as seen in the composition of the facade which is not symmetrical but does not forget the elements of traditional Palembang houses

Comparison of the features of the harmonization of volume and spatial architecture of modern public and residential buildings in the historical building of cities

The scientific article examines the harmonization of modern residential and public buildings in a historical environment. The article defines public buildings and their classification by level of service, and how it affects harmonization in a historical context. Service classification is divided into daily, periodic and episodic levels. Problems related to the design of public and residential buildings in historical areas of cities, where it is important to find a harmonious balance between the preservation of the historical context and the inclusion of modern design, are analyzed and discussed. The importance of respecting the modern architectural style and scale of the surrounding development is emphasized, especially when it comes to public buildings of episodic service. The important features of contrasting harmonization of this level of public buildings are determined, and how they should differ from ordinary buildings. Seven basic harmonizing principles are outlined that are used to design public and residential buildings that complement their historic surroundings, including preservation of the facade fabric, repetition of dominant elements, and the method of silhouette repetition. Finally, the text gives an example of how the destructive method was used in the design of the Kunsthaus in the Austrian city of Graz. An example is also given of how London business centers are combined with historical buildings thanks to the principle of background building. After the analysis of examples of public buildings, examples of the architectural formation of modern housing in a historical environment are given. In general, the text contains an analysis of the principles of harmonization of modern buildings in the historical environment, and how this harmonization differs between residential and public buildings.

Building an Intelligent and Eco-Friendly General Hospital—A Study of a Hospital Construction Practice in Wenzhou

The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University was planned and constructed with the aim of "providing the best treatment environment for patients and creating efficient medical management for medical and nursing staff". With a large main building as the feature, the hospital has a bright and modern architectural style with abundant greenery and adopts a humanized and intelligent medical model, providing patients with an intelligent, efficient and comfortable medical experience. Although the hospital is a success, there are still many shortcomings .In general, the new hospital is intelligent and eco-friendly and it can serve as a reference for other large general hospitals.

Housing Development: A Technical Review of a Four Bedroom Bungalow designed for a client in Bayelsa state, Nigeria

Standing erect on the serene low terrain of the Opolo-Elebele bush, Kpansia-epie, Yenagoa, Bayelsa Road is a four-bedroombungalow designed for Mr. Patrick Nweke. The concept of the building is drawn out of the minimalist principleofthe modern architectural style. The building is composed of three bedrooms with a guest room attached to it. The whole process started with a design brief whose qualitative analysis gave rise to the development of the design proposal for the project. Specifically, this studytends to uncover the challenges posed by this project design and how they were addressed.Italso x-rays recommendations to adoptfor effective delivery of projects of such scope and characteristics

The Organic and the Eclectic in César Daly’s “De l’architecture de l’avenir”

Abstract In The Organic and the Eclectic in César Daly’s “De l’architecture de l’avenir,” Gary Huafan He explores Daly’s concept of eclecticism as a critical discourse in the context of nineteenth-century ideas about naturalism and architectural style. In the 1869 essay that is the focus of this article, Daly narrated the “social evolution” of architecture as a process oscillating between organic and eclectic phases and mapped the history of style onto a parallel movement of French political regimes from antiquity to the Second Empire. Written after the fierce academic debates that took place in Paris in the 1860s and immediately prior to the tumultuous events of 1870–71, “De l’architecture de l’avenir” demonstrates the critical intersection between the romantic theory of architecture and nineteenth-century French politics. This key text in Daly’s oeuvre challenges contemporary understandings by demonstrating the vital role of eclecticism in the development of a modern architectural style.

Alberto III Pio, Baldassarre Peruzzi e la Sagra di Carpi: la messa in scena del Medioevo

Alberto III Pio (1475-1531), prince of Carpi and leading man of politics and culture at the beginning of the sixteenth century, entrusted Baldassarre Peruzzi with the project for a new cathedral in the Emilian town.
 The previous building (the “Sagra”) was not demolished but shortened and completed with a new façade designed by Peruzzi. The new façade contained three new inscriptions, two of which quoted medieval inscriptions from the “Sagra” itself, and one taken from the old Romanesque portals which was reused and placed in the center of the new façade.
 The intention of the prince was to combine Peruzzi’s new and modern architectural style with the existing medieval forms, themselves visible proof of the Catholic faith of past centuries: the Christian tradition that a few years later Alberto will try to defend in the controversy against Erasmus of Rotterdam.

20. Yüzyıl Başında İran ve Türkiye’deki Finansal Mekanlar: Melli Bankası- Sepah Bankası- Türkiye Merkez Bankası ve Ziraat Bankası Örnekleri

After the complex socio-political environment of the 19th century, modernist and nationalist movements began to rise significantly at the beginning of the following century. In Iran and Turkey, similar political and social circumstances caused these movements to operate boldly. Various reforms initiated by national-cum-modern governments led by comparable leaders in both countries, started new chapters in different fields in their countries; architecture was among them. Financial reforms were one of these which brought the need for new financial buildings to symbolize the national power and economical independence. Therefore, in both countries, the most famous architects of the period were chosen to design the new style of financial buildings which were going to be the important examples of the modern architectural style combined with the nationalist approach. This study aims to examine the architecture of the 20th-century financial structures in Iran and Turkey, to obtain information about the architectural ideologies affected by nationalism and modernization in both countries during this period. For this purpose, the case studies were selected among the significant financial buildings of the period such as Sepah Bank by Vartan Hovanessian, Melli Bank by Mohsen Foroughi, Turkish Central Bank by Clemens Holzmeister, and Ziraat Bank by Giulio Mongeri.

Preserving Yemeni Architecture in the Era of Civilization and Development

Population increase and accelerating growth of cities have led to several problems in developing countries. Developmental policies have been adopted to improve the economic and social well-being of the countries. Modern architecture in the cities and their civilized expansion are also examined in this study. In particular, the rise in modern architectural style and the changes that occurred due to the use of new building materials are discussed in detail. The scope of the study is Yemen and its important historical and architectural treasures in the heritage architectural field including the distinctive mud architecture in Hadramout Valley. Thus, Yemeni cities are classified in order to help architects and planners in the development of a strategic plan for these cities. The findings will also help to preserve the heritage and unique nature of Yemeni architecture in this era of development.

The Evolution of Modern Architecture Style in Context of Postcolonial Campus

The development of Indonesian architectures in the post-colonial era were the phase of new experiment and ideas that gave a birth to the awareness and spirit of exploring nation identity. Universitas Gadjah Mada is recognized as a post-colonial and the oldest national campus founded in 1949 in Yogyakarta. This paper aims to investigate the evolution of modern movement in the sense of campus architecture. Case study material is drawn mainly from post-colonial campus architecture at the central zone of Universitas Gadjah Mada. The method used is a qualitative methodology in which data is obtained from literature reviews and field observations. The development of modern architecture theories and styles have been studied through the case study. The finding of this study showed that socio-political transition of the old order, the new order, and present era, and also personal vision of the architect contributed to the production of modern architectures. Keywords: evolution of style; modernism; modern movement; post-colonial campus

The Synthesis of Ethics and Aesthetics in Modern Movement of Architecture: ‘Truth’ Theory as an Assessment Tool

Architects and designers are obligated to think comprehensively to create aesthetically pleasing buildings together with functional features. The modern movement of architecture represents a dramatic movement in the buildings design to create a different functional and new architecture. There is a debate about the priority of beauty (aesthetics) and functionality (ethics) in this architectural style and leads to ambiguity in evaluating ethics and aesthetics. Hence, the study aims to understand the relationship between ethics and aesthetics value in architecture's modern movement. This study hypothesizes that there is a significant relationship between ethical and aesthetical values through the functionality of modern architecture. The study has proposed a conceptual model to be applied in future studies on different case studies. This is through assessment tools to evaluate the presence of ethics and aesthetics in modern architectural style.

Decolonizing the Foundation of Tropical Architecture

There had long been architecture in the tropics, and then there was “tropical architecture.” As a conjuncture of modern architecture or international style and late-colonial developmentalism, formal tropical architecture flourished after World War II in West Africa, South Asia, and the Caribbean. The obvious, though usually neglected, antecedents could be found in the settler colonial tropics, especially in northern Australia and parts of Latin America. “The matter of tropical architecture ha...

Changing the face of modern architecture: bamboo as a construction material. case study: Green school, Bali – Indonesia

Traditionally, bamboo has been used extensively as a building material in tropical and subtropical regions. Bamboo has risen in contemporary issues recently, elevating local wisdom and genius loci, while its preservation method and processing technology have been improved significantly. Bamboo reference and observation are used to highlight its structural and nonstructural analysis. As one of the most suitable building materials for tropical climate, bamboo has been constructed for beam, column, roof, laminated boards, and interior finishes throughout Indonesia. Although, bamboo has been reproduced in a more advanced manner, the indigenous idea has been a source of great inspiration: Tongkonan house from Toraja has proved its resistance to earthquake, because it has a pliability and wide span construction; On the other hand, The Sundanese house, Imah, offers a great ambience and faithful adherence to the harmony with nature and environment for architectural inspiration. Nowadays, bamboo material has been one of the most talked-able building materials. It is developed to offer a new architectural look, applied to elevate natural touch in a modern architectural style, whether it is used as a fence, construction, sun screen, doubled skinned facade. Bamboo potentially presents the new face of modern architecture.

Architectural Styles of Malaysian Mosque: Suitability In Compact Urban Settings

The concept of urban mosque stems from more extensive reasons that mostly come from the overall issues of industrialization. Considering the challenges related to rapid urban growth, public institutions, such as mosque and its compatibility is required to be assessed in the context of compact cities. This study, therefore, aims to evaluate the planning and layout of six different styles of mosque in Malaysia regarding their suitability in compact urban settings. Due to its genre, the study adopts a case study as a qualitative research strategy as its research method. Content analysis is conducted on the compiled literature to indicate the expected outcome. Following a brief comparative discussion, this paper shows that mosque with modern architectural style among all six typologies is most suitable in the context of compact urban settings. Factors considered for the evaluation of mosques include layout progression of the mosque whether horizontal or vertical, provision for vertical stacking of spaces, symmetry in topology as well as in elevation and space types regarding flexible usage. The scope of this paper is limited to the assessment of literature only, which opens the window for a further in-depth study of actual case studies related to this topic.

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Kajian Karakteristik Arsitektur Karya Tan Tjiang Ay Studi Kasus

Banyak media yang mempublikasikan karya-karya Tan Tjiang Ay. Namun tak banyak yang meneliti tentang gaya atau filosofi desain dari Tan Tjiang Ay secara dalam. Gaya desain karya-karya Tan Tjiang Ay mirip gaya desain arsitektur modern, walaupun dia sendiri tidak pernah menyebutkan seperti itu. Oleh karena itu, peneliti mendalami karakterisitk desain arsitektur rumah tinggal karya Tan Tjiang Ay. Metode penelitian bersifat kualitatif dengan melakukan kajian literatur, studi lapangan, hingga analisis arsitekturalnya dengan menggunakan beberapa contoh desain rumah tinggal karya Tan Tjiang Ay untuk mendapatkan kesimpulan yang lebih komprehensif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkah bahwa karakteristik arsitektur rumah tinggal karya Tan Tjiang Ay di Bandung lebih cenderung menggunakan pendekatan Arsitektur Modern.

THE MONUMENTALITY OF MODERN ARCHITECTURE AS OBSERVED IN JAKARTA’S POLA BUILDING

Abstract- After the Indonesian people declared Independence on 17 August 1945, Ir. Soekarno had a modern vision and mission, namely that architecture could become a symbol of strength and power in a state. Therefore, various monumental building projects emerged, especially in Indonesia’s capital Jakarta. One of these was the Pola building in Jakarta, a work of architecture designed by F. Silaban. The Pola building was actually constructed on top of Ir. Soekarno’s former house and functioned as an exhibition space to display Overall Projects Planned for the First Eight Years 1961-1969 (PSBPTP). The purpose of this study is to find out more about the architectural monumentality encountered in this research, to examine the concrete shape of the expression of this monumentality in the Pola building, and to determine the geometric elements, supporting the creation of this expression in this particular building. The research methods consist of the descriptive method, the analytical method and the interpretative method through the analysis of the physical and spatial data related to the observation of the building activities; interviews held with the building manager and the study made of the background literature on the object of study. The theory concerning architectural monumentality, the theory dealing with principles of arrangement (lay-out), the theory of geometrical elements and finally the theory concerning archetypes have been used to analyze the physical construction data regarding their monumentality. The conclusion that may be drawn from this research is that the monumentality observed in the Pola building can be gleaned from the geometrical elements shaped like a striped rectangle as the composing element that contributes to its monumentality with its repetitive lay-out showing a static and balanced rhythm. The benefit of this research lies in the hope that it may make a positive contribution to the development of scientific knowledge in the field of architecture., and especially modern architecture in whose field this research has focused on the monumentality of buildings designed in the modern architectural style based on the physical condition of the building in question. Keywords : Monumentalism, Architecture, Modern

Comparative Study on the Sunlight Penetration Extent on High-Rise Apartment Facades with Early Modern Architectural Style Design in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Comparative Study on the Sunlight Penetration Extent on High-Rise Apartment Facades with Early Modern Architectural Style Design in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

The study of geometric forms, proportion and scale of heritage buildings due to architectural theory

Architecture is the shapes of structure and enclosure that occurs from the elements of space organization patterns, space relationships and hierarchy, geometric shapes, scale ratio and proportion. In addition, architecture is the places of the programs from user requirements, user needs and aspirations, economic and social factors, cultural factor, the legality and the historical. Hence, from the building architectural styles,we could notify the history and the culture developments of a region. For example, Jakarta as a city has many buildings with different kinds of architectural style which is varies according to the years or times when the building was erected. To get further, in Central Jakarta, there are many kinds of historical and monumental buildings. Thus, in this study, we choose the historical and monumental buildings types such as the Elephant Museum which is in the Dutch Colonial Architecture style, the Istiqlal Mosque which is in Modern Islamic Architecture style, the National Monument Building which is in Modern Architecture style, and the Cathedral Church which is in Neo-Gothic Architecture style. We use geometric operation methods to studying the form suitability with the spaces function and the golden section method to find the scale ratio and proportion of the building facades. The result of this research finds that when the aesthetic value of edifices conforms the architectural theory rules, it could produces a good design.