Moderating Effect Of Entrepreneurial Orientation Research Articles

Organizational Technology Policies and the Growth of Micro and Small Enterprises in Nairobi City County, Kenya

This study sought to establish the influence of establish the influence of organizational technology policies on the Growth of Micro and Small Enterprises in Nairobi, Kenya and; To determine the moderating effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation on organizational technology policies and the Growth of Micro and Small Enterprises in Nairobi, Kenya. The study was grounded on the Resource Based theory. The study adopted a descriptive research design since the design enabled the researcher to generalize the findings to a larger population of MSEs. In addition, this design enabled the researcher describe the characteristics of the population being studied as they exist at present hence minimizing biasness and maximizing the reliability of the evidence collected. This study was guided by positivism philosophy. The target population for this study comprised of all the 1835 Owners or managers of the MSEs registered with Nairobi City County and have operated for more than five years. Stratified and Simple Random sampling techniques was used to select a total of 184 respondents for the study. The study found out that organizational technology policies and organizational technology policies were the key variable that significantly influencing the Growth of Micro and Small Enterprises in Nairobi County, Kenya. Specifically, MSEs Staff were largely found to be un-trained especially on Emerging Technologies and lacked motivation to adopt and use technologies. In addition, study found out that there was low adoption on use of social media platform for business operation. The study recommends that the Management of MSEs needs to make deliberate efforts and invest on training especially on Emerging Technologies such as e-commerce, communication, e-production, e-procurement among others. This will ensure that the MSEs staffs are well equipped with the necessary skills and knowledge needed to effectively utilize the emerging technologies in the market. Further, the management of the MSEs needs to be motivated to adopt and use technologies and innovation. Motivation many be inform of incentives and rewards that motivates users to adopt and use technology in their operations. The is also need to invest in a strong and robust social media platform that are easy to use for most users. Social media networks can be harnessed to boast in product and services marketing and sourcing of market information among other.

Users' Technology Capabilities and the Growth of Micro and Small Enterprises in Nairobi City County, Kenya

This study sought to establish the influence of establish the influence of user's capabilities on the Growth of Micro and Small Enterprises in Nairobi, Kenya and; To determine the moderating effect of Entrepreneurial Orientation on user's capabilities and the Growth of Micro and Small Enterprises in Nairobi, Kenya. The study was grounded on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM. The study adopted a descriptive research design since the design enabled the researcher to generalize the findings to a larger population of MSEs. In addition, this design enabled the researcher describe the characteristics of the population being studied as they exist at present hence minimizing biasness and maximizing the reliability of the evidence collected. This study was guided by positivism philosophy. The target population for this study comprised of all the 1835 Owners or managers of the MSEs registered with Nairobi City County and have operated for more than five years. Stratified and Simple Random sampling techniques was used to select a total of 184 respondents for the study. The study found out that user's capabilities and organizational technology policies were the key variable that significantly influencing the Growth of Micro and Small Enterprises in Nairobi County, Kenya. Specifically MSEs Staff were largely found to be un-trained especially on Emerging Technologies and lacked motivation to adopt and use technologies. In addition, study found out that there was low adoption on use of social media platform for business operation. The study recommend that the Management of MSEs needs to make deliberate efforts and invest on training especially on Emerging Technologies such as e-commerce, communication, e-production, e-procurement among others. This will ensure that the MSEs staffs are well equipped with the necessary skills and knowledge needed to effective utilize the emerging technologies in the market. Further, the management of the MSEs needs to be motivated to adopt and use technologies and innovation. Motivation many be inform of incentives and rewards that motivates users to adopt and use technology in their operations. The is also need to invest in a strong and robust social media platforms that are easy to use for most users. Social media networks can be harnessed to boast in product and services marketing and sourcing of market information among other.

The Synergy of Ambidextrous Leadership, Agility, and Entrepreneurial Orientation to Achieve Sustainable AI Product Innovation

This study aims to explore potential mechanisms of ambidextrous leadership (AL) in product innovativeness from the perspective of organizational agility (OA) and entrepreneurial orientation (EO) in firms operating in the artificial intelligence (AI) industry. A quantitative research method was used with 405 questionnaires, and the respondents were randomly selected from reputable databases. Structural equation modeling was employed to evaluate the model fit and conduct hypothesis testing. The findings suggest that ambidextrous leadership demonstrates a significant positive influence on product innovativeness and OA; also, through the mediating role of OA, it is possible to analyze both the direct and indirect relationships among the factors. Additionally, the moderating effect of EO on the intercorrelations among these factors was explored. This study enhances existing knowledge on leadership dynamics in the context of new product development, highlights the importance of adaptability in leadership, and sheds light on the interplay between OA, EO, and new product innovation. This study highlights the role of product innovativeness in sustainable AI product development. Enhanced product innovativeness not only sustains AI product development but also promotes environmental sustainability. This is achieved through the minimization of energy use, reduction in material requirements, and prevention of pollution. Firms are using these insights to develop sustainable and eco-friendly products, as well as create new market opportunities while reducing environmental impact. This research underscores the interconnectedness of factors in this study and sustainability, providing a new perspective on sustainable AI product development.

Knowledge digitization and high-tech firm performance: A moderated mediation model incorporating business model innovation and entrepreneurial orientation

In today's rapidly evolving digital landscape, knowledge digitization, facilitated by advanced tools such as artificial intelligence, big data, blockchain, and cloud computing, has captured significant scholarly attention. To comprehensively explore the implications and outcomes of this knowledge digitization trend, our study delves into its impact on the performance of high-tech firms. Based on the knowledge-based view, we develop a moderated mediation model to examine the mediating role of business model innovation and the moderating effect of entrepreneurial orientation in the relationship between knowledge digitization and firm performance. To test our hypotheses, we employ the PLS-SEM method, analyzing data from a sample of 291 Chinese high-tech firms. Our findings indicate that knowledge digitization has a positive effect on firm performance, and both types of business model innovation—novel and efficient—partially mediate the positive relationship. Additionally, entrepreneurial orientation is found to strengthen the relationship between knowledge digitization and business model innovation. However, it does not significantly moderate the connection between knowledge digitization and firm performance. Our research offers actionable insights for strategic development in the digital era and makes a substantial contribution to the existing body of knowledge in this field.

Examining the role of intellectual capital in maturing sustainable competitive advantage through enkindling innovations in SMEs: the moderating role of entrepreneurship-orientation

PurposeBased on the intellectual capital (IC) theory and the resource-based view (RBV), the paper seeks to elucidate the direct and indirect relationships between IC and competitive advantage in small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Therewithal, besides examining the mediating role of innovation capabilities in the IC-competitiveness link, it scrutinizes the moderating effect of entrepreneurial orientation in causing IC to boost competitiveness in SMEs through flourishing innovation capabilities.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 206 participants working in SMEs operating in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia with the help of a structured questionnaire distributed through LinkedIn. Partial least square (PLS)-based structural equation modeling (SEM) using SmartPLS 4.0 has been performed to calibrate the auxiliary and structural models.FindingsBased on the empirical analysis, IC significantly and directly enhances the competitive advantages of SMEs. Additionally, innovative capability has been found to be a complementary partial mediating condition in enabling IC to foster competitiveness in SMEs. Furthermore, the moderated mediation analysis reveals that innovation capabilities strongly mediate the association between IC and competitiveness in SMEs, characterizing higher entrepreneurial orientation.Research limitations/implicationsThe study provides significant insights to academicians and practitioners seeking to comprehend or configure interactions among IC, innovation capabilities, and entrepreneurial orientation in maturing competitiveness among SMEs, especially in emerging economies. Furthermore, the study provides a valuable integrative perspective on SMEs’ competitiveness by involving three voguish constituents of contemporary scholarly discourse grounded into the leading underpinning theoretical perspectives, such as IC theory, RBV, and entrepreneurship theory.Originality/valueThe uniqueness of this model lies in its rich theory-laden conceptualization and explanation that could extend theoretical debate and managerial action to the next levels.

반기업정서와 공공매체를 통해 접한 역할모델이 창업의도에 미치는 영향

Entrepreneurial intention is a core element of entrepreneurial activity, and its importance has been increasingly highlighted. However, existing studies have mainly been limited to individual personality and psychological factors. In response to this research gap, our study delves deeper into the environmental factors affecting entrepreneurial intention. Specifically, we examined the influence of negative attitudes towards companies and role models encountered through public media on entrepreneurial intention. Also, this study investigated the moderating role of entrepreneurial orientation on entrepreneurial intention. For our analysis, we employed data from the ‘2022 Korea National Entrepreneurship Survey(Individual)’ conducted by the Korea Entrepreneurship Foundation, recognized as official national statistics. The results confirmed that negative attitudes towards companies negatively influence entrepreneurial intention, whereas role models from public media and entrepreneurial orientation have a positive impact. Moreover, entrepreneurial orientation significantly alleviates the negative effect of negative attitudes towards companies on entrepreneurial intention. However, the moderating effect of entrepreneurial orientation on the relationship between role models from public media and entrepreneurial intention was insignificant. This research contributes to existing research on entrepreneurial intention and provides valuable guidelines for aspiring entrepreneurs, entrepreneurship educators, and policymakers.

The moderating effects of entrepreneurial orientation on technological opportunism and innovation performance

PurposeResearch shows how with the evolution of technologies, technological opportunism enables firms to effectively identify and exploit innovations and opportunities through strategic management practices, such as adopting an entrepreneurial orientation. The study’s purpose is to explain the nature of the relationship between technological opportunism and innovation performance, while accounting for any possible moderating effects of entrepreneurial orientation.Design/methodology/approachA cross-sectional design was used to collect primary data from targeted respondents (n = 347) in the South African banking sector. Initially, instrument validity and reliability is established and the hypotheses are tested using multiple regression analyses.FindingsThe findings support the hypotheses insofar higher levels of technological opportunism are positively associated with higher levels of innovation performance, which is moderated by entrepreneurial orientation in terms of innovativeness, risk-taking and proactiveness. Moreover, competitive hostility, as a control played a significant role in the moderation effect between technological opportunism and innovation performance.Practical implicationsLeaders need to appreciate the importance of an entrepreneurial organization in leveraging technological opportunities which is pivotal for emerging economies, rather than individual entrepreneurial activities, which are rarely scalable in African economies.Originality/valueThe study provides an original contribution by increasing the theoretical and empirical reach of research on entrepreneurial orientation and technological opportunism. Since the original scales have primarily been employed in developed economies, by verifying their psychometric properties, this now allows for further replication studies to take place in other similar emerging market contexts.

Firm characteristics and capabilities that enable superior performance in recessions

Recessions are recurring events in which most firms suffer severe impacts while others are affected less or may even prosper. Notwithstanding, strategic management scholars have made little progress in understanding the reasons for these differences in performance, particularly in unstable macroeconomic environments such as Latin America. In this study, we link literatures on entrepreneurship and improvisation to create an integrative model that indicates characteristics and capabilities that enable a firm to adapt successfully to the recessionary environment. We use survey data from Brazilian firms on the 2008–2009 global recession, and we find that the firms that have superior performance in recessions are those that had, before the recession, 1) a propensity to recognize opportunities and 2) improvisation capabilities for fast and creative actions. We also find a moderating effect of entrepreneurial orientation.

Dynamic capabilities, innovation and branding capabilities and their impact on competitive advantage and SME's performance in Portugal: the moderating effects of entrepreneurial orientation

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to understand the impact of dynamic capabilities (DC) (in the view of exploration and exploitation) on competitiveness and performance, considering the mediating role the innovation capability (IC) and branding capabilities (BC)on competitive advantage and firm’s performance and the moderating role of entrepreneurial orientation (EO).Design/methodology/approachThis investigation proposes a theoretical model tested using structural equation modelling (SEM). Multi-group analysis was performed to understand the moderating role of. A questionnaire survey was developed to explore the relations between DC and innovation variable. For this study, 387 valid questionnaires were collected from a sample of Portugal SME’ firms. A 90-item questionnaire which consists to study the relationships among all the variables.FindingsThe results show that exists a positive direct and indirect influence of DC on competitive advantage and performance variables and mediating impact the IC and BC.Research limitations/implicationsThis study has some methodological limitations affecting its potential contributions. As a cross-sectional study that captures one image in time, its ability to identify strict causality between variables is limited. Furthermore, the results are based on log collected from a key respondent, rather than broader actual data. The results are restricted to one country, Portugal. Some variables, such as ICs, may play a different role in other countries. Future research should initially target different countries. Such research could then test the generalizability of the results.Practical implicationsThis study has important implications for the managers. It highlights the necessity of firms to develop superior strategic orientation of all their members and to invest in better resources and consequently superior capabilities as a way of achieving high levels of firm performance. Another implication from the study is that the firms should develop their marketing programs by focusing on developing innovativeness.Originality/valueThis study contributes to the understanding of the indirect and direct impact of exploration and exploitation variables, and the mediating role of ICs and BC on the competitive advantage and performance and the moderating effect of EO.

Digital marketing capabilities in international firms: a relational perspective

PurposeDifferences in digital adoption between firms call for a clearer conceptualization of digital marketing capabilities (DMCs). The purpose of this paper is twofold: (1) to offer a conceptualization of DMCs from a relational dynamic capabilities perspective and (2) to explore performance outcomes of DMCs for international firms, taking into account firm size and entrepreneurial orientation.Design/methodology/approachA survey on a sample of 167 international firms is used and analyzed using hierarchical regression.FindingsDMCs contribute positively to performance. Firms with greater entrepreneurial orientation leverage DMCs more effectively and have better performance. Small firms with strong digital capabilities perform as well as medium-sized firms. Large firms perform marginally better than small and medium-sized firms.Research limitations/implicationsThis paper complements previous IB studies that only study customer-related or supplier- and channel-related IT adoption. It is based on a more holistic conceptualization of DMCs, and draws on market sensing, customer-linking, customer retention, supplier relationship and channel bonding capabilities. It offers new empirical evidence for the positive impact of DMCs on firm performance. It also contributes to small and medium-sized enterprise and digital entrepreneurship literature by comparing the performance outcomes of DMCs for different size firms with varying degrees of entrepreneurial orientation.Practical implicationsThis study provides implementable measures of DMCs. The findings encourage firms to develop entrepreneurial orientation alongside DMCs.Originality/valueThis paper presents DMCs as relational dynamic capabilities and shows the moderating effect of entrepreneurial orientation and firm size on the DMCs–performance relationship.

Exploring the relationship between open innovation and organisational ambidexterity: the moderating effect of entrepreneurial orientation

ABSTRACT This study aims to examine the relationship between open innovation (OI), organisational ambidexterity (OA), and entrepreneurial orientation (EO). Since OA is central to the short and long-term survival of the firm, there is an enormous interest in investigating organisational mechanisms for achieving higher levels of OA. Prior studies have mostly concentrated on ‘internal’ mechanisms, and less attention has been given to how open innovation practices can promote OA. Our observation of 214 Iran knowledge-intensive firms indicates that OI, entailing inbound and outbound open innovation activities, significantly enhances OA. Yet, contrary to our expectation, EO negatively moderates the relationship between OI and OA in the developing context of Iran. This provides compelling insights into how an open innovation approach can compensate the necessity of risky and proactive entrepreneurial activities in the less developed institutional contexts where institutional voids enhance the costs and risks of entrepreneurial initiatives. The discussion finally suggests the theoretical and managerial implications of the study and future directions.

Is exploring dynamic capabilities important for the performance of emerging market firms? The moderating effects of entrepreneurial orientation and environmental dynamism

In spite of the prominence of dynamic capabilities (DCs) perspective it is still unclear whether and under what conditions DCs contribute to firm performance. This study develops and tests an interactive view emphasizing the moderating effects of internal entrepreneurial orientation and external environmental dynamism on the contribution of the exploration of emerging market firms’ (EMFs) DCs to their performance. Using a unique sample of manufacturing firms in China’s emerging market, the study provides general support for such moderating effects. We find that exploring the DCs of EMFs is positively associated with their performance. The results indicate that although exploring DCs fosters the performance of EMFs, the benefits are conditional on the internal and external conditions of the firms. That is, entrepreneurial orientation strengthens, whereas environmental dynamism impedes, the positive effect of exploring DCs on the performance of EMFs.

Explorative and exploitative strategies and export performance

PurposeThis study aims to examine the moderating effects of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) on the relationship of exploitation and exploration strategies with export performance. Drawing on the current literature, this conceptual paper develops a framework that first links the exploitative and explorative strategies with the export performance. Later, propositions are developed to indicate different combinations of individual dimensions of EO as moderating factors to this relationship.Design/methodology/approachThis is a conceptual paper which builds on prior conceptual and empirical management research.FindingsThe preliminary conceptual findings suggest that the exploitative strategy is valuable in the short run after new entry, while explorative strategy is significant in the long run only after new entry. For the moderating effects, a combination of high innovation, high proactiveness and high risk-taking may positively influence both the strategies with export performance. While low innovativeness but high proactiveness and high risk-taking is assumed to positively moderate the exploitative strategy and export performance relationship, a negative moderating role is seen for explorative strategy and export performance. Similarly, high innovativeness but low risk-taking and low proactiveness will negatively moderate the relationship between exploitative/explorative strategy and export performance.Originality/valueThe current literature warrants research on this topic. For example, literature lacks studies regarding a better understanding of the impact of export market exploitation and exploration on export performance. Further, the impact of EO on performance is well acknowledged in the literature, but their relative influence on the performance of exporting firms remains inconclusive.

The Effects of Relationship Banking and Entrepreneurial Orientation on Financial Performance of Manufacturing Firms in Kenya

The purpose of the study was to determine if relationship banking, and entrepreneurial orientation (EO) affect the financial performance of manufacturing firms in Kenya. The study adopted a cross-sectional research design with the population being 620 manufacturing SMEs involved in relationship banking with commercial banks in Kenya. Stratified random sampling was employed to pick a sample of 138 manufacturing SMEs with the respondents being the owner/ managers of the sampled SMEs. A semi structured questionnaire was used for data collection. The data was analyzed regression analysis with the moderating effects of EO being tested using the moderated multiple regression. The study revealed that EO moderates the relationship between relationship banking and financial performance of manufacturing SMEs in Kenya. The study concluded that relationship banking and financial performance have a positive relationship and that EO moderates this relationship. By forging strategic links with the banks, manufacturing SMEs would be able to access funding which is key to their growth and survival. Keywords : Relationship Banking, Entrepreneurial orientation, Financial Performance

Analysis of the moderating effect of entrepreneurial orientation on the influence of social responsibility on the performance of Mexican family companies

This study analyzes the entrepreneurial orientation’s moderating effect on the influence of social responsibility on the performance of family companies in Mexico. To analyze the results, we propos...

Moderating role of entrepreneurial orientation on the relationship between entrepreneurial skills, environmental factors and entrepreneurial intention: A PLS approach

Article history: Received October 28, 2015 Received in revised format November 28, 2015 Accepted January 17, 2016 Available online January 20, 2016 For decades, entrepreneurship has become a major concern to both scholars and policymakers because of its significant role in economic and social transformation. This paper modeled the direct effects of entrepreneurial skill, environmental factors and entrepreneurial orientation on entrepreneurial intention as well as the indirect (moderating) effect of entrepreneurial orientation on the relationship of entrepreneurial skill and environmental factors with entrepreneurial intention. Quantitative research design was employed using students’ sample. It was found that entrepreneurial skill, environmental factors and entrepreneurial orientation have a positive influence on entrepreneurial intention. It was also discovered that entrepreneurial orientation moderates the relationship between entrepreneurial skill and entrepreneurial intention. However, the moderation effect of entrepreneurial orientation on the relationship between environmental factors and entrepreneurial intention was not established in this study, thus, called for exploring this moderating effect in other contexts. As implication to policy, the government should ensure not only enriching students with entrepreneurial skill and conducive entrepreneurial environment but also well-built entrepreneurial orientation among Nigeria teeming youths as it has a direct effect as well as strong interaction with other factors in explaining entrepreneurial intention.

Building Strong Customer Relationships through Brand Orientation in Small Service Firms: An Empirical Investigation

The purpose of this paper is to empirically examine the relationship between the adoption of a brand orientation strategy and customer relationship performance in a small service firm setting. More specifically, in addition to investigating the direct link between brand orientation and customer relationship performance, we further examine the moderating effects of entrepreneurial orientation and perceived competitive intensity on the empirical link between brand orientation and customer relationship performance. To test the hypothesized relationships in the conceptual framework, 105 usable structured questionnaires were collected from small service firms and the data were further analyzed using a hierarchical, moderated regression analysis. The results affirm the positive link between brand orientation and customer relationship performance. Moreover, entrepreneurial orientation is found to strengthen the brand orientation-customer relationship performance link. However, our results show that competitive intensity does not significantly moderate the brand orientation-customer relationship performance link. Nonetheless, it is highly suggestive that perceived competitive intensity is a direct predictor of customer relationship performance. In terms of the practical significance of the overall research model, the effect size is fairly large (Cohen’s f 2 = 0.33). The research implications and directions for future research are further highlighted in the penultimate section of the paper.

How entrepreneurial orientation moderates the effects of knowledge management on innovation

AbstractDrawing on the complementary asset theory, this paper develops a conceptual model to explain the relationships among intrafirm knowledge sharing, knowledge application, and innovation as well as the moderating effect of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) on the intrafirm knowledge sharing and knowledge application. Using a sample of 607 Chinese firms, this paper empirically examines this model. The results show that, under China's transition economy, the positive relationship between intrafirm knowledge sharing and a firm's innovation is mediated by knowledge application. Furthermore, intrafirm knowledge sharing facilitates knowledge application, and EO positively moderates this relationship. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.