The importance of learning mathematics cannot be separated from its role in various aspects of life. In addition, by studying mathematics, a person is used to thinking systematically, scientifically, using logic, and critically, and can increase creativity. From this statement, education is very important in improving human resources. The success of students in learning can measure the success of teachers as implementers of education in teaching. The learning outcomes obtained by students can measure the success or failure of students in learning. However, it is not uncommon to find many students who get learning outcomes that are less or below the standards that have been set. When this happens, it can be said that the student has learning difficulties. Therefore, researchers are interested in analyzing the learning difficulties of class XII IPA students in Mathematics at a Senior High School in Pekanbaru. This study used a type of survey research with a descriptive analysis method to describe or describe the data obtained regarding the learning difficulties of class XII IPA students in Mathematics Subject at one Senior High School in Pekanbaru. Respondents comprised 60 people, 12 from each class selected by the Simple Random Sampling technique. The results of this study indicate that students at one of the Senior High Schools in Pekanbaru experience very low, low, and moderate learning difficulties in mathematics, which are attributed to external factors.