Model Of Knowledge Production Research Articles

A Critical Look at Digital Media, the Intellectual Property Regime and Free Open Source Software

This article examines how the intellectual property regime works in digital media and how free open source software is pushing the boundaries of the regime on the digital realm. The main purpose of this article is to highlight the differences that models of knowledge production can make in the process of building a participatory society. This article uses Michael Gibbons' Mode 1 and Mode 2 theories as a method. In the light of this theory, power relations in the production and distribution of knowledge are discussed. The Mode 2 model points to a commons-based model of knowledge production that has a democratic potential. The intellectual property regime is struggling to control the flow of information on the internet. It is quite difficult for the intellectual property rights regime to control the circulation of knowledge on the Internet, as digital media play a key role in the free flow of knowledge. Free open source software is an effective model for those who support the free flow of information in the digital space.

PFAS Contamination in Europe: Generating Knowledge and Mapping Known and Likely Contamination with "Expert-Reviewed" Journalism.

While the extent of environmental contamination by per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has mobilized considerable efforts around the globe in recent years, publicly available data on PFAS in Europe were very limited. In an unprecedented experiment of "expert-reviewed journalism" involving 29 journalists and seven scientific advisers, a cross-border collaborative project, the "Forever Pollution Project" (FPP), drew on both scientific methods and investigative journalism techniques such as open-source intelligence (OSINT) and freedom of information (FOI) requests to map contamination across Europe, making public data that previously had existed as "unseen science". The FPP identified 22,934 known contamination sites, including 20 PFAS manufacturing facilities, and 21,426 "presumptive contamination sites", including 13,745 sites presumably contaminated with fluorinated aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) discharge, 2911 industrial facilities, and 4752 sites related to PFAS-containing waste. Additionally, the FPP identified 231 "known PFAS users", a new category for sites with an intermediate level of evidence of PFAS use and considered likely to be contamination sources. However, the true extent of contamination in Europe remains significantly underestimated due to a lack of comprehensive geolocation, sampling, and publicly available data. This model of knowledge production and dissemination offers lessons for researchers, policymakers, and journalists about cross-field collaborations and data transparency.

Anthropology is good

AbstractAnthropology does not just study people; it studies with people, drawing them into a conversation, of concern to everyone, about how to live. But this means turning the academic model of knowledge production outside in. As a way of knowing from the inside, through participant observation, anthropological study exposes its practitioners to other ways of being with the aim to learn from them, not to write them up. Its true purpose, then, is not ethnographic but educational. It requires of all of us to place our anthropic selves at the center of a shared world while acknowledging the exceptional responsibility we bear for its future flourishing.

Technologies of Care: Robot Caregivers in Science and Fiction

In the field of elderly care, robot caregivers are garnering increased attention. This article discusses the robotisation of care from a dual perspective. The first part presents an overview of recent scholarship on the use of robots in eldercare, focusing mostly on scientific evidence about the responses of older adults and caregivers. The second part turns to narrative evidence, providing a close reading of Andromeda Romano-Lax’s Plum Rains (2018), a speculative novel set in Japan in 2029, which explores the implications—ethical, affective, social—of communities of care that include non-human agents. My argument is twofold: (1) although science and fiction operate according to different models of knowledge production, considering narrative insights alongside scientific ones can enlarge our understanding of the complexities of robotic care; (2) hitherto overlooked in literary studies, Plum Rains deserves attention for its nuanced representation of a hybrid model of care, which does not discard robotic assistance on the basis of humanist arguments, nor does it endorse techno-solutionism, reminding readers that the fantasy of robots that care is fuelled by the reality of devalued human care work.

Undisciplined Knowledge: Intersectional Black European Studies

This article explores the structural dependence of humanities disciplines on a Eurocentric model of knowledge production that inevitably marginalizes racialized communities, scholars of color, and their intellectual productions. Using the increasing attacks on the interdisciplines in the United States as its starting point, the article shows that a defense of the humanities as “above politics” contributes to this delegitimization of marginalized knowledge. Turning to the European context, it suggests that a decolonizing of academe must include a reckoning with the Continent’s colonial past (and present), including the role of the Left, and involve a radically different approach to disciplinarity. Finally, the article offers the recent intersectional Black European studies initiative as an example of such a radically different model of academic knowledge production.

Human Rights, Remedy, and Everyday Geographies of Injustice: Perspectives from a Participatory Action Research Project

ABSTRACT: This article contributes to literature on economic and social rights by examining how everyday places and spaces translate structural inequalities into individualized violations of international norms. Drawing on data from a participatory action research project in New York called The Legal Disruption Project (LDP), it argues for new models of knowledge production that bridge gaps between the experiences of marginalized populations and human rights practitioners. The LDP demonstrates how centering the voices of affected communities can contribute substantive insights to effective remedies for human rights violations. In particular, the article suggests potential for explicitly spatial remedies defined through participatory processes of community engagement.

One alternative health device! A methodological proposal to analyze research projects’ orientation towards national health problems

ABSTRACT In this paper, we present a device to generate assessment tools for research projects oriented to collaborate with national health problems. We made use of the Stokes’ model (1997) for knowledge production as an analytical framework that shows the interaction between two dimensions: the consideration of use and the search of fundamental knowledge. We made an explicit effort to incorporate the social participation in science as a complementary dimension to scientific knowledge production, to generate a device based on the Stokes’ model. When operationalizing it, we presented a set of orienting scales that are useful when dealing with the complex task of generating research projects’ assessment tools. We conclude that methodological proposals for research evaluation are much needed and that devices like this should be taken as a part of human decision-making processes, not as a substitute for them.

Boatbuilding and urban genesis

Traditional boatbuilding today is a fading craft, raising questions of not only how to preserve this craft and reconstruct and transmit the knowledge and skills related to it to future generations but also, considering new technologies and available materials, why its preservation and perpetuation are important. Answering these questions requires a valorisation framework for the traditional boatbuilding craft and its methods of construction, considering the fact that traditional boatbuilding is the essence of modern shipbuilding and inextricably linked to the development and transmission of knowledge in city making too. To help create this framework, this paper addresses two distinct ways of thinking involved in making boats: one tied to boats made from already existing models or designs and the other to boats created ex nihilo with the help of sesto and garbo tools. Through a historical and theoretical examination and by building on the empirical case study of traditional boatbuilding in wood in the Mediterranean, this paper explores the concept of constructing boats ex nihilo in the technical, socio-economic, and spatial sense, shedding the light on the creativity inherent in shipbuilding and its implications. This paper will contribute to understanding how knowledge transmission in traditional boatbuilding has progressed and the role this knowledge model can play in shipbuilding development, offering a valuable resource also for those interested in development and transmission of alternative models of knowledge production.

Knowledge percolation threshold and optimization strategies of the combinatorial network for complex innovation in the digital economy

Digital economy expands the source of knowledge for innovation and accelerates the flow and combination of knowledge to form novel knowledge combinations, thereby generating the interdisciplinary knowledge production model. In this context, complex innovation which is characterized by the knowledge production consequence based on the combinations of multiple-field knowledge has become the new way for firms to seize new development opportunities and compete in the digital economy. Given that complex innovation emerged from a gradually forming large, multilayered, combinatorial network consists of collaboration networks in various knowledge fields that are initially separated, the challenge of facillatating the emergence of complex innovation is unveiling the minimum proportion of connected paths in the combinatorial network to trigger effective transmission of multi-fields knowledge and offering applicable optimization strategies to optimize that proportion. This study incorporated Ohm's law into the percolation theoretical framework and calculate the knowledge percolation threshold of the combinatorial network and its subnetworks with patent data of Chinese strategic emerging industries. We further examined the optimization results of six strategies in terms of their optimization effects and time costs. Accordingly, we revealed the probability of knowledge percolation occurring in a combinatorial network and its subnetworks, clarified knowledge transmission characteristics according to knowledge-based cluster dynamics, and determined strategies for optimizing the knowledge percolation threshold. This study is not only highly feasible and exercisable for academics to conduct future studies, but it also has vital implications for the practitioners to utilize and control the knowledge transmission of the combinatorial network to realize the complex innovation.

Between north and south: decolonial isolationism of Russian social science in the state of war and beyond

ABSTRACT This paper examines Russian social science in the state of Russia’s war in Ukraine. Post-socialist coloniality of Russian scholars eventually led to the desire to contest the scientific hegemony of the West and to have a unique local sociology, mostly inspired by political context. These ideas became part of the political agenda and Putin constantly claims that Russia is a leader of the anti-colonial world. His claims are accompanied by the desire to epistemicide everything western both in the structure of knowledge and at the institutional level. It nominally interrelates with international discussions about the possible emergence of unique local sociologies outside Western hegemony. Political will and its nominal ‘decolonial’ perspective bring Russian science closer to isolationism, using arguments paradoxically similar to decolonial narratives. The necessity to ‘decolonize’ science and education from Western-centric structures became part of the political and scientific agenda. Being a subaltern empire Russia finds itself in a state of war, which creates two problems for Russian social science: decolonial isolationism, meaning the disguise of epistemicide of western models of knowledge production as decolonial liberation and tuzemnaya nauka, a general rejection of scientific standards of the outer world with an attempt to prove the local agenda’s superiority.

ПРИРОДА И ФОРМА ЗНАНИЙ В ЭКОНОМИКЕ

For a long period of time, knowledge has been regarded as an important element of economic development, both in practical and theoretical aspects. This article is aimed at studying and systematizing the main theoretical features of the inclusion of knowledge in economic models. In models of knowledge production, this resource is an input for the functions of technology production and knowledge generation, contributing to a greater extent either to reduce costs or to accumulate information. Knowledge diffusion models take into account the types of participants in the knowledge transfer process and their absorptive capacity. As a result, economic models reveal patterns of positive and negative externalities from knowledge creation and dissemination.

METHODOLOGY OF BUILDING TRANSDISCIPLINARY KNOWLEDGE BASES

The main goal of this study is to better understand the challenges of building transdisciplinary knowledge bases and their formalization in digital education. The article substantiates the need to develop mechanisms for building transdisciplinary knowledge bases to ensure the educational and research activities of student youth. The essence of the concept of transdisciplinarity and its importance in the educational process, scientific research for the construction of digital knowledge bases are analyzed. The transdisciplinary nature of ontologies in scientific research is determined. The methodology of transdisciplinarity of the knowledge base in terms of the development of network systems for managing information sources accompanying the process of supporting the educational and research activities of students is described. The e‑scenario is defined as a means of forming a transdisciplinary knowledge base of educational and research activities of students. The principles of the ontological approach to designing a transdisciplinary knowledge base are presented and the procedure for its formation in the format of operationally structured e‑scenarios is described. The general ontological graph-structure of the e‑scenario of the transdisciplinary knowledge base is provided. It analyzes the conditions that enable transdisciplinary knowledge production and shows how transdisciplinary institutionalization can be better understood using an ontological approach. It can be argued that the ontological approach in the models of transdisciplinary knowledge production proved to be useful for a deeper understanding of the processes of institutionalization of transdisciplinarity. Prospective conclusions of the practical application of the given methodology and the described principles of building transdisciplinary knowledge bases to ensure the educational and research activities of student youth have been made.

Decolonising non-violence: what Indigenous wisdom traditions contribute to non-violence teacher education

Knowledge systems and social philosophies from Indigenous communities in the Global South have long promoted non-violence through a sense of shared humanity and community building, and as such are valid counter-hegemonic alternatives to the existing colonial, Eurocentric model of knowledge production in use. This article details the contributions made by two specific Indigenous wisdom traditions – ubuntu and Buen Vivir – to a non-violence education teacher training programme in Chile framed within decolonial epistemologies. Using participatory workshops as a method, this study sought to offer Chilean trainee teachers a set of tools to explore issues of discrimination and exclusion and to deal with tensions arising from these issues informed by non-violent approaches. Participants read and reflected on how these wisdom traditions could contribute to their own teaching practice and later planned and facilitated a session with their peers to help them develop awareness on the principles of ubuntu and Buen Vivir. Results show paradigm shifts in three areas: individual versus collective action; their perception of human interconnectedness and of our interconnectedness with the environment; and how these perspectives could inform their teaching practice to foster greater inclusiveness.

Miscellaneous applications to the accommodation versus control model (Approaching Suggested fields via economics Model)

The study proposes and discusses a model for knowledge production and truth discovery under the rubric of hosting versus control. The proposed model shows that there are two types of knowledge production methods. The first method is to control the phenomenon by studying it by knowing the initial root of the phenomenon or what the study calls a bottom-up method. The second method is the method of knowing the maximum extent of the phenomenon or its final path, which is what the study calls the method from top to bottom. The first method is the dominant method, while the second method is the suggested method. The study highlighted several applications of the proposed method in the fields of exact sciences, social sciences, history, arts, identity and the like. The final result of the study is that the different ways of producing knowledge lead to the same truth, but the difference is in the mode of the phenomenon or the special law that governs the phenomenon

Epistemic injustice and dissidence: A bibliometric analysis of the literature on Participatory Action Research hosted on the Web of Science

For decades, Participatory Action Research (PAR) has been extended as a scientific praxis applied in different contexts, characterised by the involvement of participating groups and oriented towards social transformation. However, there is a certain dialectical tension between those approaches that emphasise the method versus those that emphasise the pursuit of social change from a decolonial perspective. This article questions how this praxis is reflected in scientific transfer, analysing not only the development and scope of scientific production in PAR, but also how the academy may reproduce relations inherent to coloniality in this transfer. To this end, the production on PAR hosted on the Web of Science (WoS) is collected, and a bibliometric analysis is performed by applying descriptive and relational techniques using VosViewer software. The study concludes that scientific production has not stopped growing and that the areas of knowledge where it is applied have diversified. However, it also points out how the knowledge production model reproduces the power relations of coloniality, affecting PAR’s transfer. This analysis can contribute to the debate on a scientific approach oriented to improve processes of social transformation.

Falling into the Gaps, Together: On Peer Review as Intellectual Accompaniment

Falling into the Gaps, Together: On Peer Review as Intellectual Accompaniment

Promoting the Sustainable Improvement of Educational Empirical Research Quality: What Kinds of Collaborative Production Relationships Make Sense?

With the transformation of the knowledge production model, the research system of educational research is becoming more extensive, and academic collaboration has become an important productive method of promoting the sustainable development of educational empirical research. Given this situation, what kinds of relationships will sustainably improve educational empirical research output quality? Taking the influence of educational empirical research article as an example, we selected 4610 empirical research articles in 15 education journals for analysis, published between the years of 2015 and 2020. In the sustainable development progress of educational empirical research, the optimal scale phenomenon has been verified in cooperative research. Identity collaboration, institutional collaboration, international collaboration, and discipline collaboration were all found to have a strongly significant influence on the sustainable improvement of educational empirical research output quality. Meanwhile, the output quality of educational empirical research is affected by the heterogeneity of the number of cooperators and cooperating identities. These findings suggest that the optimal proportion of teacher–student collaboration should be 2–3, and the optimal scale of colleague collaboration should be 3–4. Compared with teacher–student collaboration, colleague collaboration, including cross-organization and interdisciplinary collaboration, was more conductive to enhancing the sustainable improvement of educational empirical research outcome quality. According to these findings, it is reasonable to believe that, in the process of the sustainable development of educational empirical research, fine-guidance-style teacher–student collaboration and small-scale, cross-unit colleague collaboration should be promoted; meanwhile, strengthening the collaboration between normal universities, optimizing the quality of international collaboration, and promoting pedagogy intersection with other disciplines are also critical to promote the sustainable improvement of educational empirical research outcome quality.

Digitally situated knowledge: Connectivism, anthropology and epistemological pluralism

The paper proposes that an effective response to the emerging paradigm of digital education entails a transdisciplinary approach, which integrates insights from education with concepts and methods from social anthropology. It argues that certain flourishing models of knowledge production in digital environments (communities of inquiry, communities of practice) can be comprehended by online participant observation and by critically interrogating dominant western models of formal education. It further supports that situated learning can shed light on the processes and dynamics of online collaborative learning in the digital era, in which theories of connectivism tend to overshadow human agency. Acknowledging the historically and culturally contingent character of our epistemologies, the paper introduces epistemological pluralism as paramount for educational research on digital education.

Social Annotation for Power Negotiation

Social annotation and role-play are two pedagogical approaches that promote active, student-centred learning. In this paper, we report on how the two approaches were combined in a senior-level university course that aimed to reveal the multiple dimensions and complexity of policy development and decision-making for natural resource management. We begin with a review and analysis of social annotation and role-play as teaching strategies. We then describe their combined implementation in the senior-level course—including reflections from the course instructor and a student in the class—while situating our reflections within the context of an existing framework for critical social annotation. We conclude that when implemented together, and with careful preparation and clear expectations of student conduct, the complementary strengths of social annotation and role play offer unique opportunities to subvert hegemonic models of knowledge production and exchange. The addition of students’ role-played annotations enabled us to redefine whose knowledge and experience are worthy of consideration by giving voice to students as authorities alongside authors of texts and by filling in gaps in the perspectives presented in texts.

MERIP as a Model for Politically Committed Knowledge Production in Middle East Studies

AbstractWhile MERIP's offered incisive critiques of the power relations that defined the existing field of Middle East studies, this essay explores how it also represents an alternative model of knowledge production, built outside academia, that has helped reshape scholarship and teaching about the Middle East and North Africa and more broadly about the US relationship to the region. The essay also introduces the other contributions in this forum including an edited transcript of 2020 MESA roundtable on the impact of MERIP on Middle East studies, a historical account that traces the origins of the MERIP collective and three essays exploring the evolution of MERIP's approach addressing, in turn, contributions and innovations within the areas of critical political economy, gender studies, and the politics of culture. Finally, drawing on these contributions as well as Middle East Report issue no. 300 that reviews how MERIP covered various topics, the essay concludes by highlighting the continuing value of MERIP as a teaching resource that allows students and others to understand the transformations across the region over the past half century as well as shifting approaches and theories that have come to help define Middle East studies as an academic field.