Estimation Of Model Parameters Research Articles

Estimation of some AM2 model parameters from a derived empirical logistic function of methane production

Because of its capability to convert organic wastes into renewable energy and into some components useful for agriculture, the anaerobic digestion technology can reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere and the pollution. Thus, anaerobic digestion can contribute to achieving some of sustainable development goals. Consequently, many theoretical and empirical approaches are proposed for estimating, predicting and optimizing the methane produced by anaerobic digestion. In this context, the logistic function is a mathematical model that can be used to approximate empirical data of the temporal methane production in anaerobic digestion. In a previous paper, under some appropriate approximations, we have derived from AM2 model a single analytical expression in a form of a logistic function for describing the evolution of methane production in batch bioreactors. In the present paper, by comparing the three standard parameters associated with the classical empirical logistic function with that of the derived one from AM2 model; some relationships between them have been established. These relations are exploited for estimating some coefficients and parameters of AM2 model with respect to empiric logistic function parameters and vice-versa. Moreover, this possibility enables more qualitative insight about the evolution of the methane production and the influence of AM2 parameters and coefficients as well as their interaction over its processes.

Parameter Estimation Method for Virtual Power Plant Frequency Response Model Based on SLP

In adapting to the double-high development trend of high-voltage direct current (HVDC) receiving-end power systems and solving optimization problems in emergency frequency control (EFC) supporting virtual power plants (VPPs) in large-scale power systems, a parameter estimation method for a VPP frequency response model based on a successive linear programming (SLP) method is proposed. First, a “centralized/decentralized” hierarchical control architecture for VPP participation in EFC is designed. Second, the frequency response characteristics of multiple flexible resources are scientifically analyzed, and the system frequency response (SFR) model and equivalent model of VPP are constructed. Subsequently, parameter estimation of the VPP frequency response model is carried out based on the SLP method, aiming to balance the accuracy and computational efficiency of the model. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed methodology is verified by using PSD-BPA to simulate and test the three-zone HVDC recipient area grid.

Model parameter estimation with imprecise information

ABSTRACT Model parameter estimation is a well-known inverse problem, as long as single-value point data are available as observations of system performance measurement. However, classical statistical methods, such as the minimization of an objective function or maximum likelihood, are no longer straightforward, when measurements are imprecise in nature. Typical examples of the latter include censored data and binary information. Here, we explore Approximate Bayesian Computation as a simple method to perform model parameter estimation with such imprecise information. We demonstrate the method for the example of a plain rainfall–runoff model and illustrate the advantages and shortcomings. Last, we outline the value of Shapley values to determine which type of observation contributes to the parameter estimation and which are of minor importance.

Parameter Estimation of Cellular Communication Systems Models in Computational MATLAB Environment: A Systematic Solver-based Numerical Optimization Approaches

Parameter Estimation of Cellular Communication Systems Models in Computational MATLAB Environment: A Systematic Solver-based Numerical Optimization Approaches

Identifying and estimating solar cell parameters using an enhanced slime mould algorithm

This study proposed an enhanced slime mould algorithm (ESMA) for identifying the solar cells’ parameters for five photovoltaic (PV) models, making two modifications to the original slime mould algorithm (SMA). The first modification was an arbitrary average position among the new individual position of slime and the best individual position of the slime mound currently found to resolve the issue of local optimum. Second, the tangent hyperbolical function of the formula p in the original SMA was replaced with an exponential function to create more variations for selecting the updated equation. The proposed ESMA was used to resolve the problem of estimating PV parameters based on the empirical current-voltage (I-V) data. Specifically, ESMA was evaluated on the parameter estimation in several photovoltaic models, i.e., the one-diode model (ODM), dual-diode model (DDM), and PV-module model (PMM). In general, ESMA outperformed the original SMA and other recent algorithms. Also, in order to provide a close approximation of the empirical I-V data of the real PV modules and cells, ESMA was able to determine the optimal parameter values for photovoltaic models.

Single Solution Optimization Mechanism of Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization with Weighted Probability Exploration for Parameter Estimation of Photovoltaic Models

Single Solution Optimization Mechanism of Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization with Weighted Probability Exploration for Parameter Estimation of Photovoltaic Models

The effects of non-local observations on the adjoint estimation of local model parameters: An example of Manning’s n coefficient in a tidal model over the Bohai, Yellow, and East China Seas

Accurate parameter estimation is a key issue for enhancing the performance of hydrological models. With the rapid development of satellite technology, integrating satellite data and numerical modelling for parameter estimation has gained more prominence. The limited spatial coverage of altimeters necessitates areas without direct local observations to rely only on information from nearby non-local observations. However, the relation is far from clear between non-local observations and the estimation of local model parameters. In this study, a two-dimensional adjoint tidal model over the Bohai, Yellow, and East China Seas (BYECS) is developed, assimilating observations from TOPEX/Poseidon, Jason-1, and Jason-2 altimeters in conjunction with tide-gauge stations. In twin experiments, the feasibility and reliability of utilizing non-local observations are emphasized by varying synthetic observations. The experiments also reveal how the number and distance of non-local observations affect the ill-posedness of local parameter estimation. The estimation errors can be reduced by increasing observations within a ‘critical distance’, beyond which the accuracy does not improve further. Subsequently, the robustness of ‘critical distance’ is discussed under different prescribed parameter distributions, sizes of predefined optimized area, and random observational errors, indicating that the ‘critical distance’ is approximately 1.0°-2.0°. These results provide a positive reference for practical experiment. In BYECS, the order of Manning’s n coefficient ranges from 10-4 to 10-1, with an average value of 0.0246 in shallow waters. The spatial distribution reveals 9 high-value areas, primarily modulated by a concurrence of sandy sediment and weak tidal currents. This study offers valuable insights into refining the adjoint model for physical parameter estimation, particularly in anticipation of the expanded spatial coverage of SWOT. Compared to only assimilating T/P series altimeters, incorporating SWOT reduces discrepancies by over 38%. Additionally, the spatial Manning’s n coefficient provides guidance for enhancing tidal simulation in other models.

Iterative Ensemble Smoothers for Data Assimilation in Coupled Nonlinear Multiscale Models

Abstract This paper identifies and explains particular differences and properties of adjoint-free iterative ensemble methods initially developed for parameter estimation in petroleum models. The aim is to demonstrate the methods’ potential for sequential data assimilation in coupled and multiscale unstable dynamical systems. For this study, we have introduced a new nonlinear and coupled multiscale model based on two Kuramoto–Sivashinsky equations operating on different scales where a coupling term relaxes the two model variables toward each other. This model provides a convenient testbed for studying data assimilation in highly nonlinear and coupled multiscale systems. We show that the model coupling leads to cross covariance between the two models’ variables, allowing for a combined update of both models. The measurements of one model’s variable will also influence the other and contribute to a more consistent estimate. Second, the new model allows us to examine the properties of iterative ensemble smoothers and assimilation updates over finite-length assimilation windows. We discuss the impact of varying the assimilation windows’ length relative to the model’s predictability time scale. Furthermore, we show that iterative ensemble smoothers significantly improve the solution’s accuracy compared to the standard ensemble Kalman filter update. Results and discussion provide an enhanced understanding of the ensemble methods’ potential implementation and use in operational weather- and climate-prediction systems.

AI-Based Detection of Surge and Rotating Stall in Axial Compressors via Dynamic Model Parameter Estimation

Compressors are an essential component of aircraft engines. Their design and operation must be extremely reliable as engine safety and performance depend greatly on these elements. Axial compressors exhibit instabilities, such as surge or rotating stall, in a region close to the peak of their performance curves. These fluid dynamic instabilities can cause drops in efficiency, stress on the blades, fatigue, and even failures. Compressors are handled therefore by operating with a safety margin far from the surge line. Moreover, models able to predict onset instabilities and to reproduce them are of great interest. A dynamic system able to describe successfully both surge and rotating stall is the model presented by Moore and Greitzer That model has also been used for developing control laws of the compressor dynamics. The present work aims at developing an artificial neural network (ANN) approach able to predict either the permanence of the system in stable working condition or the onset instabilities from a time sequence of the compressor dynamics. Different solutions were tried to find the most suitable model for identifying the system, as well as the effects of the duration of the time sequence on the accuracy of the predicted compressor working conditions. The network was further tried for sequences with different initial values in order to perform a system analysis that included multiple variations from the initial database. The results show how it is possible to identify with high accuracy both rotating stall and surge with the ANN approach. Moreover, the presence of an underlying fluid dynamic model shares some similarities with physically informed AI procedures.

Joint Modeling of Gene-Environment Correlations and Interactions Using Polygenic Risk Scores in Case-Control Studies.

Polygenic risk scores (PRS) are rapidly emerging as a way to measure disease risk by aggregating multiple genetic variants. Understanding the interplay of PRS with environmental factors is critical for interpreting and applying PRS in a wide variety of settings. We develop an efficient method for simultaneously modeling gene-environment correlations and interactions using PRS in case control studies. We use a logistic-normal regression modeling framework to specify the disease risk and PRS distribution in the underlying population and propose joint inference across the two models using the retrospective likelihood of the case-control data. Extensive simulation studies demonstrate the flexibility of the method in trading-off bias and efficiency for the estimation of various model parameters compared to the standard logistic regression or a case-only analysis for gene-environment interactions, or a control-only analysis for gene-environment correlations. Finally using simulated case-control data sets within the UK Biobank study, we demonstrate the power of our method for its ability to recover results from the full prospective cohort for the detection of an interaction between long-term oral contraceptive use and PRS on the risk of breast cancer. This method is computationally efficient and implemented in a user-friendly R package.

Budyko-based past and future disaggregation of climate and catchment effects on streamflow changes

ABSTRACT Budyko-based approaches are widely used to separate climate and catchment effects on streamflow changes. Considering the potential changes in streamflow, such separation is essential for future water resources management. In this study, we propose a method that allows for continuous disaggregation of climate and catchment impacts from the past to the future. We utilize a generalized linear model to represent catchment parameters based on climate and catchment features. Subsequently, we determine the future positions of the catchment in the Budyko-state space. This framework is applied to four Model Parameter Estimation Experiment (MOPEX) catchments with varying aridity indices in the USA. The results indicate that, in the recent historical period (1971–2011), climate change has contributed to increased streamflow in three catchments compared to the baseline (1948–1970) period. However, future projections indicate a mixed pattern of contributions in two of these catchments due to increased potential evapotranspiration, resulting in decreased streamflow.

Structural and practical identifiability of contrast transport models for DCE-MRI.

Contrast transport models are widely used to quantify blood flow and transport in dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. These models analyze the time course of the contrast agent concentration, providing diagnostic and prognostic value for many biological systems. Thus, ensuring accuracy and repeatability of the model parameter estimation is a fundamental concern. In this work, we analyze the structural and practical identifiability of a class of nested compartment models pervasively used in analysis of MRI data. We combine artificial and real data to study the role of noise in model parameter estimation. We observe that although all the models are structurally identifiable, practical identifiability strongly depends on the data characteristics. We analyze the impact of increasing data noise on parameter identifiability and show how the latter can be recovered with increased data quality. To complete the analysis, we show that the results do not depend on specific tissue characteristics or the type of enhancement patterns of contrast agent signal.

An optimization-free Fisher information driven approach for online design of experiments

Developing mathematical models used to elucidate reaction kinetics plays a crucial role in the design, control, and optimization of chemical processes. One of the most challenging tasks in kinetic model identification is the precise estimation of unknown kinetic model parameters. This challenge can be effectively addressed through the application of Model-Based Design of Experiments (MBDoE) techniques, which enable the design of experiments facilitating precise model parameter estimation with minimal runs and analytical resources. Nevertheless, MBDoE techniques rely on an optimization procedure that is susceptible to parametric uncertainty, making the design procedure computationally intensive and prone to issues of local optimality. MBDoE techniques are also employed in online procedures to expedite the identification of kinetic models in autonomous platforms. As a result, ensuring rapid convergence becomes imperative to mitigate numerical issues during operational processes. In this paper a Fisher Information Matrix Driven (FIMD) approach is introduced to tackle these challenges. The methodology integrates a sampling-based experimental design approach with experiment ranking based on FIM to select the most informative experiment at each iteration. The effectiveness of the proposed design methodology is examined and discussed via two different case studies of increasing complexity: a fed-batch reactor in which the fermentation of baker’s yeast is carried out and a nucleophilic aromatic substitution in a flow reactor system.

Parameter Estimation in Spatial Autoregressive Models with Missing Data and Measurement Errors

This study addresses the problem of parameter estimation in spatial autoregressive models with missing data and measurement errors in covariates. Specifically, a corrected likelihood estimation approach is employed to rectify the bias in the log-maximum likelihood function induced by measurement errors. Additionally, a combination of inverse probability weighting (IPW) and mean imputation is utilized to mitigate the bias caused by missing data. Under several mild conditions, it is demonstrated that the proposed estimators are consistent and possess oracle properties. The efficacy of the proposed parameter estimation process is assessed through Monte Carlo simulation studies. Finally, the applicability of the proposed method is further substantiated using the Boston Housing Dataset.

A unified framework for prediction of liver steatosis dynamics in response to different diet and drug interventions

Background & AimsNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common metabolic disorder, characterized by the accumulation of excess fat in the liver, and is a driving factor for various severe liver diseases. These multi-factorial and multi-timescale changes are observed in different clinical studies, but these studies have not been integrated into a unified framework. In this study, we aim to present such a unified framework in the form of a dynamic mathematical model. MethodsFor model training and validation, we collected data for dietary or drug-induced interventions aimed at reducing or increasing liver fat. The model was formulated using ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and the mathematical analysis, model simulation, model formulation and the model parameter estimation were all performed in MATLAB ResultsOur mathematical model describes accumulation of fat in the liver and predicts changes in lipid fluxes induced by both dietary and drug interventions. The model is validated using data from a wide range of drug and dietary intervention studies and can predict both short-term (days) and long-term (weeks) changes in liver fat. Importantly, the model computes the contribution of each individual lipid flux to the total liver fat dynamics. Furthermore, the model can be combined with an established bodyweight model, to simulate even longer scenarios (years), also including the effects of insulin resistance and body weight. To help prepare for corresponding eHealth applications, we also present a way to visualize the simulated changes, using dynamically changing lipid droplets, seen in images of liver biopsies. ConclusionIn conclusion, we believe that the minimal model presented herein might be a useful tool for future applications, and to further integrate and understand data regarding changes in dietary and drug induced changes in ectopic TAG in the liver. With further development and validation, the minimal model could be used as a disease progression model for steatosis.

PV Panel Model Parameter Estimation by Using Particle Swarm Optimization and Artificial Neural Network.

Photovoltaic (PV) panels are one of the popular green energy resources and PV panel parameter estimations are one of the popular research topics in PV panel technology. The PV panel parameters could be used for PV panel health monitoring and fault diagnosis. Recently, a PV panel parameters estimation method based in neural network and numerical current predictor methods has been developed. However, in order to further improve the estimation accuracies, a new approach of PV panel parameter estimation is proposed in this paper. The output current and voltage dynamic responses of a PV panel are measured, and the time series of the I-V vectors will be used as input to an artificial neural network (ANN)-based PV model parameter range classifier (MPRC). The MPRC is trained using an I-V dataset with large variations in PV model parameters. The results of MPRC are used to preset the initial particles' population for a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The PSO algorithm is used to estimate the PV panel parameters and the results could be used for PV panel health monitoring and the derivation of maximum power point tracking (MMPT). Simulations results based on an experimental I-V dataset and an I-V dataset generated by simulation show that the proposed algorithms can achieve up to 3.5% accuracy and the speed of convergence was significantly improved as compared to a purely PSO approach.

Weighted likelihood transfer learning for high-dimensional generalized linear models

To simultaneously improve parameter estimation and variable selection for a target model by the auxiliary information from source models, a weighted likelihood transfer learning (WL-TL), together with a l 1 -penalty, is proposed for high-dimensional generalized linear models. To implement the transfer learning, the relevant techniques, including iterative algorithm and the choice of weight, are suggested. The methodology is computational simple, without need for the bias-correction used in the existing literature of parameter-transfer learning. The theoretical properties such as the quadratic error bound of the parameter estimator and the estimation consistency are established. A specific weight selection method based on the Bayesian decision theory has been proposed and studied. Comprehensive simulation experiments and real data analyzes are conducted to further illustrate the performance of the new method.

Online Muscle Activation Onset Detection Using Likelihood of Conditional Heteroskedasticity of Electromyography Signals.

The real-time, accurate detection of muscle activation onset (MAO) is significant for EMG-triggered control strategies in embedded applications like prostheses and exoskeletons. This paper investigates sEMG signals using the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) model, focusing on variance. A novel feature, the likelihood of conditional heteroskedasticity (LCH) extracted from the maximum likelihood estimation of GARCH parameters, is proposed. This feature effectively distinguishes signal from noise based on heteroskedasticity, allowing for the detection of MAO through the LCH feature and a basic threshold classifier. For online calculation, the model parameter estimation is simplified, enabling direct calculation of the LCH value using fixed parameters. The proposed method was validated on two open-source datasets and demonstrated superior performance over existing methods. The mean absolute error of onset detection, compared with visual detection results, is approximately 65 ms under online conditions, showcasing high accuracy, universality, and noise insensitivity. The results indicate that the proposed method using the LCH feature from the GARCH model is highly effective for real-time detection of muscle activation onset in sEMG signals. This novel approach shows great potential and possibility for real-world applications, reflecting its superior performance in accuracy, universality, and insensitivity to noise.

A Bayesian model calibration framework for stochastic compartmental models with both time-varying and time-invariant parameters

We consider state and parameter estimation for compartmental models having both time-varying and time-invariant parameters. In this manuscript, we first detail a general Bayesian computational framework as a continuation of our previous work. Subsequently, this framework is specifically tailored to the susceptible-infectious-removed (SIR) model which describes a basic mechanism for the spread of infectious diseases through a system of coupled nonlinear differential equations. The SIR model consists of three states, namely, the susceptible, infectious, and removed compartments. The coupling among these states is controlled by two parameters, the infection rate and the recovery rate. The simplicity of the SIR model and similar compartmental models make them applicable to many classes of infectious diseases. However, the combined assumption of a deterministic model and time-invariance among the model parameters are two significant impediments which critically limit their use for long-term predictions. The tendency of certain model parameters to vary in time due to seasonal trends, non-pharmaceutical interventions, and other random effects necessitates a model that structurally permits the incorporation of such time-varying effects. Complementary to this, is the need for a robust mechanism for the estimation of the parameters of the resulting model from data. To this end, we consider an augmented state vector, which appends the time-varying parameters to the original system states whereby the time evolution of the time-varying parameters are driven by an artificial noise process in a standard manner. Distinguishing between time-varying and time-invariant parameters in this fashion limits the introduction of artificial dynamics into the system, and provides a robust, fully Bayesian approach for estimating the time-invariant system parameters as well as the elements of the process noise covariance matrix. This computational framework is implemented by leveraging the robustness of the Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm permits the estimation of time-invariant parameters while nested nonlinear filters concurrently perform the joint estimation of the system states and time-varying parameters. We demonstrate performance of the framework by first considering a series of examples using synthetic data, followed by an exposition on public health data collected in the province of Ontario.

Estimation of virus transport parameters in both unsaturated-saturated zone using numerical simulation and flower pollination algorithm

To develop a virus transport model considering both the unsaturated and saturated zone, it is essential to consider separate parameters for both the zone. This is because the virus fate and transport process depends on the degree of saturation. As such, this paper introduces a parameter estimation model that simultaneously identifies virus transport parameters in an unconfined aquifer for both the unsaturated and saturated zones. The proposed model utilizes a linked simulation-optimization technique to minimize errors between observed and simulated virus concentrations. The simulation model used in this study is termed as “variable detachment model,” this is because the simulation component of this approach incorporates varying adsorption rates, which are influenced by the degree of saturation. This study also highlights the complexities involved in parameter estimation for virus transport models, such as non-uniqueness, instability, and non-identifiability. These challenges arise when multiple parameter combinations can produce similar model predictions, leading to difficulty in determining the actual parameter values. To address these challenges, a meta-heuristic optimization algorithm, Flower Pollination Algorithm (FPA), is used, effectively solving such non-convex problems. The model could estimate all the parameters accurately except the inactivation rates of viruses. Later when the global sensitivity analysis was carried out to understand the relative importance of each parameter, inactivation rates were found to be less influential to the model output. Thus, FPA based parameter estimation model can be used as an alternative for estimating the virus transport parameters in groundwater aquifers.