Behavior Control Model Research Articles

The Effects of Physical Activity Messages on Physical Activity Support Behaviors and Motivation Among Parents of Children with Disabilities

ABSTRACTPersuasive messages can motivate parent support for physical activity (PA). Many PA messages targeting parents are not necessarily inclusive of parents of children with disabilities (CWD). Guided by the theory of planned behavior and multi-process action control model, the relative effects of PA messages were examined among parents of CWD. Parents (N = 135) were randomized to view one of four PA messages. Parent support for PA and various psychosocial antecedents were assessed before and after message viewing, along with message preference. Baseline parent support for PA acted as a moderator on the effects of messages. Effects of messages did not differ between message conditions. Overall message effects were observed for attitudes, subjective norms and planning. Parent support for PA increased only among parents with low baseline parent support and the inclusive message was most preferred. This study can inform the development of PA messages targeting this population.

Новый метод оценки психической регуляции — опросник «Контроль поведения»

<p>The article is described a new method for assessing the regulation of behavior — the questionnaire "Behavioral Control". The behavioral control within the framework of the system-subject approach is considered as a united regulatory system, including three subsystems of regulation, which are based on the resources of individuality and are integrated, creating an individual pattern of self-regulation. The questionnaire contains 27 questions and allows to evaluate three components of behavioral control: cognitive, emotional and volitional control, as well as the general level of behavioral control. The questionnaire was standardized on a sample of 689 people (aged 18-79 years). The questionnaire has good psychometric indicators (Cronbach's alpha 0.86 for the total score and 0.65-0.82 for individual scales). Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the theoretical three-component model of behavior control. The questionnaire can be used in various types of research to solve diverse psychological tasks.</p>

The Construction and Application of Work and Production Resuming Behavior System Dynamics Evolutionary Game Regulation and Control Model

The Construction and Application of Work and Production Resuming Behavior System Dynamics Evolutionary Game Regulation and Control Model

Brazilian Pediatric Dentistry Behavior Control Model: Report of the Pioneers of the Specialty

Objective: To analyze the basis on which the behavioral approach model adopted by Brazilian Pediatric Dentistry throughout its history was built. Material and Methods: A semi-structured interview, applied to six pioneering professors in Brazilian Pediatric Dentistry, dealted with the model that followed the line of behavioral control and how this could be explained historically; on the differences between the Brazilian model and that of other schools, as well as a methodological analysis on the publications related to these Data were recorded and transcribed and then submitted to Bardin's qualitative content analysis. Results: Three categories emerged from the analysis: Formulation of a Brazilian theoretical model; Behavioral approach in Brazil and in other countries; and Analysis of publications under different behavioral approach models. The reports point to the construction of a model based on the sharing of professional experiences, the knowledge acquired through the literature and the compilation of techniques from different fields of knowledge/activity through idiosyncrasies, one's own abilities, such as the ease to deal with children, and personal experiences - leading to a non-scientific result. Methodological limitations in studies in this field have been reported. Qualitative research on the subject is scarce and allows further knowledge of the pediatric dental practice at its interface with Psychology for a successful treatment of pediatric patients. Conclusion: The reports point to the possibilities and limitations of the formulation process of the behavioral approach model adopted by Brazilian pediatric dentistry throughout its history. The analyzed categories allowed a broad and deep overview of the historic and academic process of this important construction.

Effect of Perceived Participation, Perceived Risk and Perceived Organizational Support on Consumers’ Deferral Preference Reversals: Optimization of Perceived Behavior Control Model

Effect of Perceived Participation, Perceived Risk and Perceived Organizational Support on Consumers’ Deferral Preference Reversals: Optimization of Perceived Behavior Control Model

A Dialogue Behavior Control Model for Expressing a Characters of Humanoid Robots

A Dialogue Behavior Control Model for Expressing a Characters of Humanoid Robots

How Managers React to Crisis?: A Planned Behavior Theory Approach

Purpose - Not all firms are able to completely eliminate the risk arising out of the crisis. Success hides in the ability to perceive the market expectations accurately and take correct decisions. This study aims to analyze the firms' decisions at gross-root level. Research Design, Data, and Methodology - Primary data is obtained with the help of specially designed questionnaires from the agriproducts export firms that are members of export union of Turkey. The study is based on four theoretical structures: general planned behavior theory model, perception-leading behavior control and subjective norm model, perceived-behavioral-control leading perception and subjective norm models, and perceptions and subjective norms leading behavior control model. Structural Equation Models (SEM) is used to conduct the empirical analysis. Results - The findings show perceptions and subjective norms leading behavior control model as the best one, concluding that the environmental pressures and positive perceptions have significant effect on the strategic decisions of the agriproducts export firms. Conclusion - Policy tools like creating positive perception in the markets, providing sufficient information and financial support to the firms and increasing market competition can be used effectively to achieve the said objective.

Eating behavior control model in obese adolescents based on individual beliefs and ideal body image

Background: Obesity epidemic has become a public health issue in Indonesia, particularly among children and adolescents. Research on the eating behavior control model, especially on individual belief and ideal body image among Indonesian adolescents, is limited. Objective: To develop a model of eating behavior control in obese adolescents based on individual belief and ideal body image. Materials and Methods: Data collected from 120 obese Indonesian adolescents aged 14–18 years in five senior high schools were used. Questionnaires and interviews were used to assess individual characteristic, belief, ideal body image, and social support. Model on eating behavior control was assessed using partial least square. Result: Individual belief through perceived threat, the threat of weight gain and the potential threat of a disease, leads to improved eating behavior control in obese adolescents. Ideal body image, consisting of appearance, evaluation, orientation, satisfaction, anxiety, and perception, can enhance good eating behavior. Conclusion: Favorable eating behavior of obese adolescents is affected by individual beliefs and ideal body image. Health educators should consider this issue with young people to develop strategies and intervention more relevant and appropriate.

Behavior Control of an Automatic Inspection Robot for Insulators

This paper presents an automatic inspection robot for insulators installed on 500kV power transmission lines. In order to detect the poor insulators automatically, the robot’s behaviors are analyzed, and a behavior control model based on Finite State Machine (FSM) is established. Moreover, an exception handling method is proposed based on sensors and timers. The results of experiments in the laboratory prove that the control methods mentioned above are correct and valid. Experiments on a 500kV transmission live line show that the inspection robot can not only automatically move along the double insulator strings with variable intervals, but also reliably handle the abnormal conditions including slipping, power shortage, deadlocking, sensor abnormity, and probe loosening.

ЗАМКНУТА СИСТЕМА КЕРУВАННЯ ТЕМПЕРАТУРНИМ РЕЖИМОМ КОНВЕРТЕРНОЇ ПЛАВКИ

The metal temperature on the tapping from converter is an important parameter responsible for the success of the whole process. We have developed the model of temperature behavior control on the basis of theoretical explanation of kinetic processes of metal impurities oxidation and dissolution of cooling elements with heat-exchange process. These processes are regarded as a constituent part of the closed control system. While studying the thermic operation of fettling we found out that the temperature of the fettling fire surface (which contacts with the metal), reacts on the temperature change. These impacts provoke the low-frequency harmonious constituent of the temperature field with the cycle of vibration equal to the average melting duration. Our research has also shown that the impact of lime on the bath temperature depends on the insertion time. The later the lime is inserted the less one can see its cooling effect. The same dependence nature may be observed while studying the impact of the lime insertion time on the bath temperature. If the lime is inserted later, its chemical decomposition will be incomplete. The researches of experimental data in operating production conditions showed appropriateness of the approach usage.

Clarifying Problems in Behavioural Control: Interface, Lateness and Consciousness

The target paper highlights a number of unresolved issues that, I believe, continue to impede the construction of a viable model of behavioural control in personality psychology; namely, (a) the relationship between controlled and automatic processing (the ‘interface’ problem’) and (b) the time it takes for controlled processes, including consciousness, to be generated (the ‘lateness’ problem). The diversity of views expressed in the commentatories indicates that these are, indeed, real and unresolved problems. This response is structured around the following key questions. (1) How long–term goal planning interfaces with the automatic machinery of behaviour? (2) The extent of the impact of the ‘lateness’ of controlled (including conscious) processes for building models of behavioural control? (3) How best to characterise the personality traits associated with the FFFS, BIS and BAS? (4) How does the BIS control mismatch detection, the generation of error signals, and response inhibition and switching? (5) Is consciousness really a necessary explanatory construct in models of behavioural control? (6) Might neural ‘crosstalk’ of encapsulated action–goal response systems point to the functional significance of consciousness? (7) What are the implications of issues raised in the target paper for lexical and social–cognitive approaches to personality? I conclude by re–iterating the importance of the problems of ‘lateness’ and ‘interface’ for the construction of a viable model of behavioural control sufficient for the fostering of theoretical integration within personality psychology as well as affording the building of conceptual bridges with general psychology. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Automatic and Controlled Processes in Behavioural Control: Implications for Personality Psychology

This paper highlights a number of unresolved theoretical issues that, it is argued, continue to impede the construction of a viable model of behavioural control in personality psychology. It is contended that, in order to integrate motivation, emotion, cognition and conscious experience within a coherent framework, two major issues need to be recognised: (a) the relationship between automatic (reflexive) and controlled (reflective) processing and (b) the lateness of controlled processing (including the generation of conscious awareness)—phenomenally, such processing seems to ‘control’ behaviour, but experimentally it can be shown to postdate the behaviour it represents. The implications of these two major issues are outlined, centred on the need to integrate theoretical perspectives within personality psychology, as well as the greater unification of personality psychology with general psychology. A model of behavioural control is sketched, formulated around the concept of the behavioural inhibition system (BIS), which accounts for: (a) why certain stimuli are extracted for controlled processing (i.e. those that are not ‘going to plan’, as detected by an error mechanism) and (b) the function of controlled processing (including conscious awareness) in terms of adjusting the cybernetic weights of automatic processes (which are always in control of immediate behaviour) which, then, influence future automatically controlled behaviour. The relevance of this model is illustrated in relation to a number of topics in personality psychology, as well related issues of free–will and difficult–to–control behaviours. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Behavioural state linkage in the ovine fetus near term

Nine fetal sheep were surgically prepared with placement of electrocortical and electro-ocular electrodes for monitoring behavioural state activity to determine the relationship of adjacent low-voltage (LV)/rapid eye movement (REM) and high-voltage (HV)/non-(N)REM epoch durations and the inter-epoch transition time. Animals were subsequently studied over an 8-hour period with behavioural state epoch duration and transition time assessed using paired t-test and regression analysis. For all animals, the duration of LV/REM epochs averaged 14.8 ± 0.8 (SEM) minutes which was significantly greater than that for HV/NREM epochs at 10.1 ± 0.5 min ( P < 0.01). The mean duration of LV/REM to HV/NREM transition periods at 93 ± 3 s was also significantly longer than that for the HV/NREM to LV/REM transition periods at 78 ± 6 s ( P < 0.05). HV/NREM epoch duration was positively correlated with the prior LV/REM epoch duration with a group mean correlation of 0.59 ( P < 0.01). HV/NREM epoch duration was likewise positively correlated with the subsequent LV/REM epoch duration with a group mean correlation of 0.46 ( P < 0.01). We conclude that the transition time into HV/NREM is longer than that into LV/REM for the ovine fetus near term which may involve differences in the rate of maturation of cycling control mechanisms for these two behavioural states and earlier development of REM-on versus REM-off pathways. The positive LV/REM–HV/NREM linkage relationships also support a homeostatic model of behavioural state control whereby LV/REM and HV/NREM timings are both controlled by accumulation of propensity for these states during the other state and favours an interactive process between these states in the brain's growth and development.

Polydrug abusers display impaired discrimination-reversal learning in a model of behavioural control

Long-term cocaine and alcohol use is associated with neuropsychological impairments that implicate poor inhibitory mechanisms of behavioural control. This study tested acquisition and discrimination-reversal learning in a group of polydrug users (n 20) with a history of cocaine and heavy alcohol use and a group of age-matched controls (n 20). A cued go/nogo task measured subjects' ability to learn stimulus-response associations that involved the quick activation and sudden inhibition of responses. Compared with controls, drug users displayed similar acquisition, but impaired discrimination-reversal learning of both inhibitory and activational responses. The results suggest that some drug-related neuropsychological deficits might reflect specific impairments of the ability to inhibit interference from prior learning. The findings contribute to growing evidence that suggests cocaine and alcohol use could produce broad inhibitory impairments that increase the risk for learning deficits and poor impulse control.

Evolutionary Psychology – Towards a More Integrative Model

Aspects of the history of behavioural science are reviewed, pointing to its fragmented and faction-ridden nature. The emergence of evolutionary psychology (EP) is viewed in this context. With the help of a dual-layered model of behavioural control, the case is made for a more integrative perspective towards EP. The model's application to both behaviour and complex human information processing is described. Similarities in their control are noted. It is suggested that one layer of control (‘on-line’) corresponds to the encapsulated modules of EP whereas the off-line controls provide the plasticity and flexibility suggested by its critics.

Application of a multilevel model of behavioural control to understanding emotion

A model of the control of behaviour by a combination of direct stimulus–response (S–R) like and cognitive factors is extended to involve emotion. It is argued that emotion (a) interacts with such different levels of information processing and (b) is itself triggered at different levels of organization by processes that are similar to the S–R and cognitive. The model is applied to a range of phenomena that are related to emotion, such as modularity, impulsiveness, extinction, alcohol effects and attitudes.

Has pure ethology the right foundations for applied ethology?

So-called ‘pure’ ethologists have proposed various models of behaviour. It is suggested here that each of these contains features that underlie the control of real behaviour. The case for reconciliation is argued. It is suggested that a schism exists within ethology between ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ approaches but that a start to bridging this can be made by considering a hierarchical model of behavioural control. The application of such a model to applied ethology is described.

Predation, aggression, and activation levels in food-deprived sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus and L. gibbosus): Motivational interactions.

Three experiments investigated the effects of food deprivation on several behavioral categories in two species of sunfish. In Experiment 1, predatory behavior and general activity were observed under five levels of deprivation. For both species, predation measures increased in a similar negatively accelerating manner with increasing deprivation, while activity changed in a more complex fashion. Experiment 2 examined the effects of deprivation on activity in a novel environment and showed that the deprivation effects of Experiment 1 were masked by the response to the new setting. In Experiment 3, measures of aggression toward intruders of each species were recorded from resident fish of both species under three levels of food deprivation. Both species were more aggressive toward conspecifics, and bluegills were more aggressive overall. Aggression was significatly influenced by food deprivation, with the effects dependent on the species making up the pair. Theories of motivational summation, generalized drive, and activity-mediated aggression were unable to explain the differential effects of hunger on the three behavioral categories observed. A dynamic boundary-state model of behavior control was found to predict the motivational interactions observed between distinct behavioral control systems.

Message Preferences: An Approach to the Assessment of Interpersonal Standards

Summary On the basis of a cybernetic model of behavior control, hypothetical messages are proposed as a means of assessing interpersonal standards applicable to the subject's different relationships. Twelve groups of boys aged 10-13 years rated a set of 63 messages which were attributed to one of four sources: Mother, Best Friend, Policeman, or Boys Club Staff Member. Seven messages were highly acceptable, and six were unacceptable under all conditions. Seven other messages were consistently more acceptable from Mother than from Best Friend. Results were discussed in terms of their implications for the assessment of conflicts in interpersonal situations.