Mobile Augmented Reality Technology Research Articles

The Effect of Mathematics Teaching with Mobile Augmented Reality Technology on Secondary School Students’ Attitudes and Academic Achievements

Nowadays, the prevalence of augmented reality technology is increasing day by day, along with the benefits it provides in many fields from shopping to education, from medicine to the automotive sector. This technology, which allows the real environment to interact with the virtual environment, has been used in many studies in the literature. In this research, the seventh-grade mathematics course, which was processed with augmented reality applications, was conducted. The effects of classroom students’ academic achievements, attitudes toward mathematics lessons, and augmented reality applications were examined. For this purpose, a quasi-experimental design with a pre-test, and post-test control group was used. The research was conducted with a total of 60 students, including 30 in the experimental group and 30 in the control group. A total of 10 lesson hours were applied, including 5 hours per week. Among the quantitative data collection tools, achievement tests, mathematics attitude scales, and augmented reality applications attitude scales were used in the research. As a result of the research, it was found that the course conducted with augmented reality application has a positive effect on the academic achievements of students. However, it was found that there was no significant difference in their attitudes towards mathematics courses. The written opinions received from the students show that the students find the lesson more entertaining and want to use it in other lessons as well.

The Impact of Teaching the Lives of Scientists in a Mobile Augmented Reality Environment on Students’ Success and Opinions

This research aims to investigate the impact of a Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR) application called TISAR-3D on the success and opinions of secondary school students when learning about the lives of scientists. A mixed-method approach was employed. The research was conducted on students in the 7th grade of a public school located in the city center of Elazig, Turkey. The sample consisted of 90 students, comprising 41 girls and 49 boys. The research was conducted with one experimental and one control group. Over the course of eight weeks, the experimental group utilized the TISAR-3D application, while the control group acquired knowledge by reading texts about scientists. The research showed that students using the MAR application had significantly higher academic success than the control group. Interviews with the experimental group supported integrating MAR technology, indicating it improved understanding of science topics and boosted academic success. Teachers are recommended to use the TISAR-3D application in their lessons to enhance students’ learning experiences.

Enhancing Asynchronous Online Learning with Mobile Augmented Reality Application: A Case Study in Higher Education Business Courses

This case study outlines the development and utilization of a Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR) application to teach an asynchronous online lesson on e-commerce. The MAR technology was leveraged primarily to enhance the presentation of online learning materials, add interactivity to the learning process, and enable students to access the lesson from anywhere via their ubiquitous mobile devices. Two groups, comprising a total of 105 business students, participated in the online lesson during the COVID pandemic. Students' experiences of the implementation were captured through an online survey to find out how the MAR technology was perceived, and what were the benefits and challenges of using the technology. This study contributes to the research on the use of augmented reality in education and offers practical recommendations for teachers to consider when designing and implementing MAR online lessons, including the importance of learner-centered design, careful guidance on technology use, and encouragement of student interaction. The study concludes that augmented reality is a useful tool for improving learning materials and asynchronous online learning practices and MAR applications can be effective for learning with compact materials and micro-credentials.

Assessing user benefits and privacy concerns in utilitarian and hedonic mobile augmented reality apps

PurposeThe application of mobile augmented reality (MAR) for enhancing user experiences and consumer patronizing intention has been the focus of recent MAR literature. Few studies examine the differences between apps. This study fills the research gap by examining how consumers assess their experiences with different MAR applications and how their decision-making process is performed, particularly in the setting of smartphones.Design/methodology/approachA web-based online survey was administered to collect data on consumers' perceptions of two different MAR apps: utilitarian and hedonic apps. Reliability and validity of the measurement scales, non-response bias and comment method bias were assessed. With the support of measurement model, partial least square (PLS) was employed to test the research hypotheses.FindingsThis study reveals that the technological attributes of augmented reality (AR) apps have significant effects on consumer perceptions of their utilitarian and hedonic benefits, including interactivity, visual quality, service quality, technicality and aesthetics. Moreover, this study shows that consumers of hedonic apps place more importance on their enjoyment with the MAR app; consumers of utilitarian apps focus more on the accrued functional values. The findings provide practical insights for retailers in AR marketing and application development in the MAR environment.Originality/valueThis study provides a comprehensive viewpoint for analyzing ongoing use and purchase intentions simultaneously in a unified theoretical framework. In addition, it compares different types of MAR apps: hedonic and utilitarian. Furthermore, it is one of the first few studies attempting to provide a comprehensive understanding of the predictive role of MAR technologies by incorporating privacy concerns into the research model based on user and gratification framework.

A study on learning analytics of using mobile augmented reality application to enhance cultural competence for design cultural creation in higher education

AbstractBackgroundTaiwan's higher education institutions prioritize interdisciplinary knowledge and cultural competence in cultural design, emphasizing the value of immersion in the local environment to develop cultural competence. However, challenges arise from the disappearance of traditional local lifestyles and limitations of traditional outdoor lectures such as group size and learning environment. Mobile augmented reality technology serves as a personal learning tool to overcome these challenges, enabling learners to uncover hidden knowledge in scenic locations and improving learning efficiency.ObjectiveThe study utilized learning analytics to investigate the impact of using mobile augmented reality on enhancing learners' cultural competence.MethodsThe study used both qualitative and quasi‐experimental quantitative research to evaluate the effects of mobile augmented reality on cultural competence. A total of 78 third‐year university students participated in the study, with 37 of them using mobile augmented reality to learn about culture. The researchers utilized both the Mann–Whitney U test and interviews to compare the effectiveness of mobile augmented reality with that of a ‘real’ tour guide in field courses.ResultsThe experimental results indicate that learners were able to continuously seek and find information about local culture through field exploration with mobile augmented reality, resulting in similar effects to those of attending a live lecture.ConclusionsIt showed that incorporating mobile AR into field visits can create gamified and active learning scenarios that enhance immersion and drive active learning in local culture. The results in greater cultural knowledge and understanding, leading to the development of cultural competence in students.

Need Analysis Survey of Designing and Developing a Mobile Augmented Reality Application for Tourism English Learning in Higher Vocational Education, China

The English proficiency of Tourism Management students is underneath the average of college level. Providentially, the progression in technology has opened another possibility for researchers to explore the full potential of technology by integrating it into teaching and learning process in English. The combination of mobile learning and Augmented Reality (AR) is a creative and effective way for Tourism English learning, because AR presents virtual 3D content on the basis of real world and brings students directly to the real scene and working environment of Tourism, and mobile learning enables students to learn without time or space constraints. Although AR and Mobile Augmented Reality (MAR) are believed to benefit education, so far, there is limited published research that addresses MAR’s benefits in higher vocational education, especially for Tourism English learning. Therefore, the objective of this research is to determine the need to develop a MAR application, namely Mobile Augmented Reality Tourism English Learning (MARTEL), for Tourism Management students in Higher Vocational College (HVC). This study surveyed the needs from 169 students from 1st and 2nd grades of Tourism Management program and data were analysed by descriptive statistics. In addition, 6 Tourism English teachers were interviewed and the text of the conversations was transcribed thematically. Findings revealed that both teachers and students expressed the lack of English proficiency, the insufficient effect of existing technological teaching tools, and feedback quite positively on MAR technology and MARTEL, indicating that the demand of MARTEL is considerable. It is foreseeable that as an advanced and interesting teaching tool, MARTEL application will be able to improve teaching and learning efficiency, make Tourism English an innovative and high-quality course, and even to a certain extent, change the teaching ecology of domestic Tourism English courses.

The effectiveness of using digital applications for diabetes mellitus with augmented reality models as learning media in pharmacy education

Background: Learning in the fields of pharmacology and specialists requires experience or imagination in the material being studied. It has its own difficulties, especially understanding the introduction of diabetes mellitus treatment. Augmented Reality (AR) technology is one alternative to traditional teaching methods to show strong potential in improving the quality of learning. Objective: To design applications and provide information for using Android-based mobile AR technology as an interactive learning module about diabetes mellitus drug information. Methods: The application of AR in this study uses a marker-based method and a monitor-based system. The research design is to evaluate the function test and informational knowledge of Diabetes Mellitus of quasi-experimental. There were 60 pharmacy students who filled out a questionnaire on the use and knowledge of the DMAR (Diabetes Mellitus Augmented Reality) tool. Result: The application system was tested and found to work effectively. The results of the assessment of the response of DMAR media users on the aspect of usefulness with an average score of 4.35 (87.0%); Media design 4.23 (84.7%); ease of learning 4.40 (88.0%) and satisfaction 4.45 (89.0%). AR technology is able to support student learning on the chosen topic of 76.2% and showing effective way to improve student learning with p-value < 0.001. Conclusion: AR technology is an effective way to improve student learning about diabetes mellitus drug information. Instructional information can be presented in various attractive formats, and it is easier for pharmacy students to study independently anywhere and anytime (before, during, and after lectures) thereby improving performance and learning outcomes.

Public participation in urban design with augmented reality technology based on indicator evaluation

Decision-making processes in traditional urban design approaches are mainly top-down. Such processes have defects including not only taking a long time to examine design results but also leading to irreversible impacts after design implementation. Policymakers and researchers stress the importance of collaborating with different stakeholders in the process of urban design policy and guideline making in order to minimize these negative impacts. However, introducing public participation into urban design from the bottom up is challenging, especially when the process involves abstract urban design concepts such as indicators. This paper explores a new workflow aimed at enhancing public participation to cooperate in urban design work with the help of a newly designed platform tool powered by mobile augmented-reality technologies. The platform is intuitive to use and displays scenes of potential urban design results by superimposing the virtual models onto real-world environments on mobile devices. The public stakeholders are provided with this platform on-site to evaluate the initial values of urban design indicators by interacting with the prototype design along with an immersive experience. They can also grow familiar with the concepts of the given indicators during this process, which helps them better understand the implications of guidelines in future published urban design drafts and estimate the potential results. Their feedback is collected, which can help urban designers further optimize the indicators in urban design guideline making in order to improve their rationality. This process of urban design involving public participation is repeatable, which makes it possible to continuously adjust the design results. A user study was conducted to examine the platform’s usability and its ability to enhance public familiarity with the concepts of given indicators and their willingness to participate in urban design evaluation. The study also attests to the possibility of a workflow that integrates public feedback with the urban design process.

Students’ Opinions on the Usage of Mobile Augmented Reality Application in Health Education

The use of mobile augmented reality technology has recently improved in education and training methods. Studies have shown that this new technology has a positive effect on education and students. This study aims to present a synthesis of the studies on mobile augmented reality in health education with a critical approach and to develop suggestions for future researchers. In addition, by presenting an application on the effect of the use of augmented reality in health education on the performance of students, it is aimed to investigate the students' perspectives on the use of this technology and its use as an educational tool in teaching-learning through students' perspectives. For this purpose, an anatomy application for anatomy lesson was designed with Unity 3B platform, Blender and After Effect, and 150 students studying at Vocational Department of Health Services were asked to experience the augmented reality application developed. Mobile augmented reality application was made available to students during the application process. as a result, “Student Views Questionnaire on the Use of Augmented Reality Application in Health Education” was applied. Frequency and percentage distributions were used to determine student views. The results obtained in the research show that students respond positively to the use of technology and they believe that the use of technology in the learning-teaching process will increase their performance.

Mobile Augmented Reality in Socioscientific Issues-Based Learning: The Effectiveness on Students' Conceptual Knowledge and Socioscientific Reasoning

This research investigated the impact of newly developed instructional materials that integrate mobile augmented reality technology called Mobile Augmented Reality of Respiratory System (MARRS) in socioscientific issues-based biology learning. A quasi-experimental research with a nonequivalent pretest-posttest control group design was employed to compare the MARRS and conventional SSI instructional materials using PowerPoint and students' worksheets. Two classes with 72 eleventh-grade students were randomly assigned to experimental or control groups. This research evaluated two outcome variables: conceptual knowledge and socioscientific reasoning. Results indicated no significant difference in the overall conceptual knowledge, but a significant difference was found in socioscientific reasoning between the two groups. Moreover, MARRS is shown to be better in promoting students' analyzing skills and their perspectives and inquiry of socioscientific reasoning. Overall, it can be concluded that MARRS positively impacts being integrated into socioscientific issue-based biology learning.

A Study into the Effect of Mobile Device Configurations on Co-Located Collaboration using AR

The increasing availability of portable handheld mobile Augmented Reality technology is revolutionising the way digital information is embedded into the real world. As this data is embedded, it enables new forms of cross-device collaborative work. However, despite the widespread availability of handheld AR, little is known about the role that device configurations and size play on collaboration. This paper presents a study that examines how completing tasks using a simple mobile AR interface on different device sizes and configurations impacts key factors of collaboration such as collaboration strategy, behaviour, and efficacy. Our results show subtle differences between device size and configurations that have a direct influence on the way people approach tasks and interact with virtual models. We highlight key observations and strategies that people employ across different device sizes and configurations.

Critical Success Factor for Effective Utilization of Mobile AR in the Real Estate Industry

Digitalization has become a new normal. The mobile augmented reality technology adds another dimension like visualization of ongoing or unfurnished property, space measurement, exploring multiple design options among the variety of applications in the real estate sector. The success of any technology will depend on the users’ acceptance of the technology and their intention to use it for a project. Here the researcher tries to explore those pre-usage critical factors with the help of the technology acceptance model followed by verifying it with post-usage perception by using the expectation confirmation model. These theories are tested for confirmatory factor analysis in which these research models were tested for data reliability and discriminant validity. Later the factors were statistically interpreted using the correlation test to conclude the significance of pre and post-usage behavior in technology continuance.

The Urban CoCreation Lab—An Integrated Platform for Remote and Simultaneous Collaborative Urban Planning and Design through Web-Based Desktop 3D Modeling, Head-Mounted Virtual Reality and Mobile Augmented Reality: Prototyping a Minimum Viable Product and Developing Specifications for a Minimum Marketable Product

Both policy and research highlight the importance of diverse stakeholder input in urban development processes but visualizing future built environments and creating two-way design communication for non-expert stakeholders are challenging. The present study develops an intuitive and simplified 3D modeling platform that integrates web-based desktop, virtual reality and mobile augmented reality technologies for remote simultaneous urban design collaboration. Through iterative prototyping, based on two series of workshops with stakeholders, the study resulted in such an integrated platform as a minimum viable product as well as specifications for a minimum marketable product to be used in real projects. Further study is required to evaluate the minimum level of detail in the 3D modeling necessary for good perception of scale and environmental impact simulation.

Reviving the Arabian Souk using Mobile Augmented Reality Technology: A Qualitative Thematic Analysis

This article discusses the outcomes of a Focus Group thematic analysis that revolved around the topic of using mobile Augmented Reality (AR) technology to help revive the Arabian Souk. The Old Souk of the city of Abu Dhabi was utilized as a case study for revival, using AR for a new form of smart tourism for the city. Major themes revealed both intangible and tangible elements through a variety of shops, products and personal experiences from those who have visited the Old Souk. The themes were then turned into an AR experience, in the form of three-dimensional (3D) computer-aided models, to aid in experiencing the once existing Old Souk on its original site today. This article points to the potential of recreating the Arabian Souk using AR technology as part of the Arabian Gulf’s smart tourism experience.

An Approach to Mobile Augmented Reality in Microcontroller Learning

Augmented Reality is a virtual display of information created using a computer on a real environment. Arduino is an open source microcontroller platform. It was aimed to increase the education and learning quality of the students by integrating mobile augmented reality technology into the materials of the microcontroller course. In this study, a mobile augmented reality application was developed in order to see the output of an electronic circuit created using Arduino in the microcontroller course and to get information about the circuit elements. Experimental studies were carried out with a group of 30 students to determine the productivity and quality of this study and a questionnaire about the study was applied to the students after the experiment. It was observed that the experimental applications in which the augmented reality technology was used were performed more efficiently than the experimental applications in the classical methods. In addition, augmented reality technology has introduced an independent learning strategy from the teacher. According to the results of the survey, the mobile augmented reality application was showed to have contributed significantly to the learning process without the need of any expert. In addition, the social presence and motivation of the students were examined with a number of tests and positive results were obtained.

Implementation and Evaluation of User Experience on Mobile Augmented Reality Technology-Based Brochure Applications

Along with the spread of the COVID-19 virus which has an impact on new student admissions at various universities in Indonesia. This impact was also felt at the Politeknik Negeri Banjarmasin (POLIBAN) with the decline in the number of registrants and the public's interest in continuing higher education. So, we need a promotion that is not monotonous and must be innovative. Various kinds of technology have been created to support and facilitate all activities in various fields, one of which is in the field of promotional media. Promotion is very important for a university to offer or show the facilities and infrastructure contained in the university and show its quality. The purpose of this study is to implement mobile augmented reality technology as a POLIBAN promotional media solution and evaluate the user experience of the application. The research method used is the Extreme Programming (XP) development method and a technique for evaluating user experience using the User Experience Questionnaire (UEQ). The results of the research conducted based on the results of the implementation stated that functionally all the features offered by the application can function properly and the results of the evaluation of user experience as a non-functional assessment of 50 respondents with an average value of 2.87 with an excellent predicate.

Solving Tourism Management Challenges by Means of Mobile Augmented Reality Applications

The purpose of the present article was to examine the use of mobile augmented reality technologies in the process of planning and organizing tourist activities. The analysis of the attitude of TUI Showroom’s clients and managers of Russian travel agencies to the application of immersive technologies in travel consulting unveiled several possibilities for the practical use of mobile augmented reality applications in the travel business. The study concludes with the opinion that stimulation of the client's interest in the historical and cultural context of the tour by providing additional argumentation and high-quality information on the marketing proposal in a new, unusual manner forms the cultural, epistemic, and educational values of augmented reality, necessary in sales, personnel training and interaction with business partners.

Evaluation of User Experience in Translator Applications (Banjar-Indonesian and Indonesian-Banjar) Based on Mobile Augmented Reality Technology using the UX Honeycomb Method

The translator application from Banjar Language to Indonesian is called BandoAR and vice versa from Indonesian to Banjar Language which is called NdoBAR. Both applications utilize Mobile Augmented Reality technology with the Optical Character Recognition (OCR) Method for word recognition in the detected image. This application is recommended and used to help tourists visiting the city of Banjarmasin to be able to understand the language used by local people as a means of communication and for the general public who want to know the peculiarities of the Banjar language itself. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the user experience of the BandoAR and NdoBAR applications. The method used is UX Honeycomb, which has seven aspects to assess the user experience of an application. A total of 50 respondents were presented to assess the two applications. The results showed that the BandoAR application had an average UX Honeycomb value of 4.91 with a Very Strongly Agree predicate and for the NdoBAR application, an average value of UX Honeycomb was 4.89 with a Very Strongly Agree predicate. Both applications have fulfilled aspects of the user experience. However, we need some fixes for the shortcomings of both apps, to continue to improve interactions, better user experience, and other smart capabilities.

Opinions of Secondary School Students on the Use of Mobile Augmented Reality Technology in Science Teaching

Mobile augmented reality (MAR) draws attention in terms of providing a flexible learning process and environment. It is thought that learning environments can be more effective using MAR technology. The research aimed to determine the secondary school students' views on the use of MAR technology in science teaching. The research was conducted with 143 students studying in the sixth grade at two different secondary schools in Turkey. In the research, convergent parallel patterns from mixed-method patterns were used. For eight weeks, the research was carried out to cover the systems unit in our body, situated in the 6th-grade science course curriculum. During the process, the Anatomy 4D application was used in the experimental group during the procedure, and the science course curriculum was used in the control group. In this paper, a part of the mixed research, the qualitative data collected from the experimental group's semi-structured interview form and diaries were analyzed. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze the data. As a result of the research, although the students do not have a clear idea about AR and MAR technologies at the beginning of the application, it is observed that their thoughts change over time, and MAR applications are effective on the success of the course.

Augmented Reality in Science Laboratories: Investigating High School Students’ Navigation Patterns and Their Effects on Learning Performance

Augmented reality (AR) has the potential to fundamentally transform science education by making learning of abstract science ideas tangible and engaging. However, little is known about how students interacted with AR technologies and how these interactions may affect learning performance in science laboratories. This study examined high school students’ navigation patterns and science learning with a mobile AR technology, developed by the research team, in laboratory settings. The AR technology allows students to conduct hands-on laboratory experiments and interactively explore various science phenomena covering biology, chemistry, and physics concepts. In this study, seventy ninth-grade students carried out science laboratory experiments in pairs to learn thermodynamics. Our cluster analysis identified two groups of students, which differed significantly in navigation length and breadth. The two groups demonstrated unique navigation patterns that revealed students’ various ways of observing, describing, exploring, and evaluating science phenomena. These navigation patterns were associated with learning performance as measured by scores on lab reports. The results suggested the need for providing access to multiple representations and different types of interactions with these representations to support effective science learning as well as designing representations and connections between representations to cultivate scientific reasoning skills and nuanced understanding of scientific processes.