MnO2 Doping Research Articles

Novel Co and Cr free, high-temperature black ceramic pigment based on (Ni, Mn) co-doping (CuFe)Fe4O8

Novel Co and Cr free, high-temperature (Ni, Mn) co-doping (CuFe)Fe4O8 black ceramic pigment was synthesized. The results indicate that the brightness (L*) values of the synthesized pigments decrease first, then reach an optimal value, and then increase with the doping amounts increasing of both Ni2O3 and MnO2. The optimized Ni2O3 and MnO2 doping amounts are 0.20 (molar ratio to (CuFe)Fe4O8) and 0.75 (molar ratio to (CuFe)Fe4O8), respectively. L*, a* and b* values of the optimized pigment (0.20Ni, 0.75Mn) co-doping (CuFe)Fe4O8 are 21.36, 1.10 and −0.24, respectively. The crystal phase of the optimized pigment is (CuFe)Fe4O8 (JCPDS73–2314). The crystal size of the pigment is 0.8–1.5μm with excellent dispersivity. The glazing temperatures have little effect on the coloration of the pigment when used at 1000℃, 1150℃ and 1300℃. The results show that the pigments have excellent high-temperature resistance and are expected to be widely used in high-temperature glazing coloration.

Optimization of pyroelectric figure of merit of PNN-PZ-PT composition at morphotropic phase boundary

Ternary compounds are proven to be a more fascinating, owing to their potential to span a broader composition region of morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) – enhanced piezoelectric, electrostrictive, dielectric and ferroelectric properties. To activate defects dipoles, we perform MnO2 doping in ternary MPB compound 0.55Pb(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.135PbZrO3-0.315PbTiO3 [PNN-PZ-PT]. Temperature dependent dielectric spectroscopy reveals relaxor-ferroelectric nature of the synthesized ceramics. With the poling treatment, P-E loop of xMn-PNN-PZ-PT is softened, which emphasizes that the poling introduces higher order structural instability in MPB structure. The evolution of structural instability is as evidenced by the emergence of additional anomaly in thermal profile of dielectric constant due to electrical poling of xMn-PNN-PZ-PT and no systematic difference between polarizing behaviour of poled and unpoled specimen (Arrott plots). In association with defects dipoles, pyroelectric response based figure of merits (FOMs) of PNN-PZ-PT are improved. FOMs are characteristics of pyroelectric materials that insights about their suitability for specific application. Fi is suppressed with MnO2 doping and Fv, Fe and increases with MnO2 doping. Our study reveals that tailored and precise acceptor doping is crucial for the simultaneous optimization of all pyroelectric FOMs.

Optimization of Energy Storage Performance in NaNbO3-Based High Entropy Ceramics via MnO Doping

Excellent comprehensive energy storage performance is essential to ensure a favorable application prospect for high entropy dielectric capacitors. In this work, the energy storage performance of 0.8(Na0.5Li0.5NbO3)-0.2(Sr0.5Bi0.5)(Fe0.5Ti0.25Zr0.25)O3 ceramics with high entropy was improved by incorporating various contents of MnO. The results show that with the addition of MnO, the relaxation behavior is enhanced, significantly improving energy storage performance, and a recoverable energy density of 7.93 J/cm³ and energy efficiency of 90.6% is achieved for [0.8(Na0.5Li0.5NbO3)-0.2(Sr0.5Bi0.5)(Fe0.5Ti0.25Zr0.25)O3]-0.05MnO under a 510 kV/cm electric field. Compared with non-MnO-doped ceramics, the size of the polar nanoregions (PNRs) is significantly reduced. It also shows remarkable stability to temperature and frequency. This study validates that integrating MnO effectively enhances the energy storage performance of high-entropy ceramics.

Enhancing Zn2+/H+ Joint Charge Storage in MnO2: Concurrently Tailoring Mn's Local Electron Density and O's p-Band Center.

Enhancing proton storage in the zinc-ion battery cathode material of MnO2 holds promise in promoting its electrochemical performance by mitigating the intense Coulombic interaction between divalent zinc ions and the host structure. However, challenges persist in addressing the structural instability caused by Jahn-Teller effects and accurately modulating H+ intercalation in MnO2. Herein, the doping of high-electronegativity Sb with fully occupied d-orbital in MnO2 is reported. The Sb doping strategy engenders the formation of Mn-O-Sb path in the structure with a strong dipole polarization field, which facilitates the delocalization of eg orbital electron in Mn and thus mitigates the Jahn-Teller effects. Simultaneously, adjusting the level of Sb doping in MnO2 leads to modulation of the p-band center of O, optimizing its interaction with hydrogen and thereby enhancing proton storage. Consequently, MnO2 doped with 6% Sb exhibits commendable performance in both rate capability and cycling endurance, delivering 113 mAh g-1 at 2 A g-1 after 2000 cycles. This investigation underscores the crucial role of electronic structural engineering in elevating the electrochemical performance of cathode materials for zinc-ion batteries.

Phase and defect structures of MnO2‐doped 75BiFeO3–25BaTiO3 ceramics and their effects on electrical properties

AbstractBismuth ferrite (BiFeO3)‐based high‐temperature piezoelectric ceramics have high Curie temperatures and excellent thermal stability; however, their applications are limited by inadequate piezoelectric performance due to large coercive fields and high leakage conduction. This study investigates the impact of MnO2 doping on the phase transition, defect structure, domain morphology, as well as the dielectric, ferroelectric, and electrical conduction behaviors of 75BiFeO3–25BaTiO3 ceramics sintered under an oxygen atmosphere. A structural transformation from distorted rhombohedral to pseudo‐cubic symmetry was observed with increasing MnO2 content, accompanied by domain fragmentation. MnO2 doping at an appropriate level inhibited defects such as and . Regarding electrical properties, the reduction in rhombohedral distortion and enhancement in the pseudo‐cubic phase after MnO2 doping resulted in decreased remanent polarization and electrostrain, which could potentially hinder piezoelectric response. However, appropriate MnO2 doping effectively reduced leakage conduction, significantly enhancing the poling efficiency of the ceramics. The maximum d33 value of 107 pC/N and kp of 0.36 were achieved at an MnO2 doping content of 0.1 wt.%. Excessive MnO2 addition may generate defect dipoles, as indicated by increased coercive field (Ec) and dielectric loss. The observed increase in high‐temperature resistivity with MnO2 content is primarily attributed to reduced grain size and increased concentration of mobile defects. This study provides valuable insights for further research on the application of 75BiFeO3–25BaTiO3 systems in high‐temperature piezoelectric devices.

Reducing Water Absorption and Improving Flexural Strength of Aluminosilicate Ceramics by MnO2 Doping.

As key performance indicators, the water absorption and mechanical strength of ceramics are highly associated with sintering temperature. Lower sintering temperatures, although favorable for energy saving in ceramics production, normally render the densification degree and water absorption of as-prepared ceramics to largely decline and increase, respectively. In the present work, 0.5 wt.% MnO2, serving as an additive, was mixed with aluminosilicate ceramics using mechanical stirring at room temperature, achieving a flexural strength of 58.36 MPa and water absorption of 0.05% and lowering the sintering temperature by 50 °C concurrently. On the basis of the results of TG-DSC, XRD, MIP, and XPS, etc., we speculate that the MnO2 additive promoted the elimination of water vapor in the ceramic bodies, effectively suppressing the generation of pores in the sintering process and facilitating the densification of ceramics at a lower temperature. This is probably because the MnO2 transformed into a liquid phase in the sintering process flows into the gap between grains, which removed the gas inside pores and filled the pores, suppressing the generation of pores and the abnormal growth of grains. This study demonstrated a facile and economical method to reduce the porosity and enhance the densification degree in the practical production of aluminosilicate ceramics.

Al2O3f/Al2O3 composites with high bending strength prepared via a MnO2 modified slurry impregnation method

The limitations of oxide/oxide ceramic matrix composites lie in the need to improve their mechanical properties. It is challenging to reconcile the conflict between matrix densification at high temperature and the potential thermal damage to fibers. The concept of using element doping to control the sintering behavior of matrix was initially applied to prepare alumina-based ceramic matrix composites (CMCs). To lower the sintering temperature of the Al2O3 matrix, MnO2 dopant was used as a sintering aid. As a result, the thermal damage to alumina fibers was decreased, and the mechanical properties of the composite were significantly enhanced. The effect of MnO2 content on the bending strength and micro-morphology of the composite was investigated. The composite exhibits optimal mechanical properties with a 0.01 wt% MnO2 doping, and its bending strength is approximately 405 MPa. The investigation aimed to determine the mechanism by which the fluctuation in micro-mechanical properties of the composites with different MnO2 contents. After the thermal aging at 1000℃ for 500 h, the bending strength of the N610/Al2O3-0.01 composite decreases to 297 MPa. The evolution and mechanism of thermal aging damage have been studied.

Effect of manganese on the structure of CMAS slag glass–ceramics

With the acceleration of industrialization, environmental issues have received great attention from governments and societies around the world. Utilizing solid wastes containing valuable heavy metals and exploring their role and application in materials is one of the focal issues of environmental protection in recent years. In this paper, in order to explore the effect of Mn content on the crystallization of CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass–ceramics, glass–ceramics with different content of MnO2 were prepared by sintering method and the effect of MnO2 doping on the crystalline properties, glass stability and heavy metal fixation properties of the stainless steel slag glass–ceramics was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The analysis using crystallization kinetics showed that surface crystallization dominated the whole crystallization process in the range of 0% to 10% MnO2 content. The peak glass crystallization and depolymerisation temperatures of the glass–ceramics increased gradually with increasing MnO2 content, and the main crystallization mode of the samples was one-dimensional crystallization. The main crystalline phase of the resulting glass–ceramics was transformed from diopside to spinel, with a crystallization temperature of 860℃. Heavy metals solidified in the spinel phase. This study shows that heavy metals can be effectively immobilized in glass–ceramics. In summary, the use of solid waste to prepare final products with good environmental performance provides a feasible way to utilize solid waste resources.

MnO2 doping enhances energy storage performances in lead-free BiFeO3-based ceramics

BiFeO3-based ferroelectric ceramics as promising candidates for energy storage devices have attracted a great deal of interest owing to the large ferroelectric polarization and high Curie temperature. However, the Bi volatilization induced oxygen vacancy and Fe2+/Fe3+ ionic hopping limit its energy storage performances (ESP). A charge compensated method by introducing multivalent oxide is proposed to inhibit the oxygen vacancy and Fe2+/Fe3+ ionic hopping, aiming to improve dielectric breakdown strength (BDS), polarization saturation and ESP. Here, we prepared a series of MnO2-modified Bi0.83Sm0.17Fe0.95Sc0.05O3-0.85BaTiO3-0.15Bi(Mg0.5Zr0.5)O3 [BSFS-BT-BMZ-x wt%MnO2] ceramics by traditional solid state sintering. It revealed that a large reversible energy storage density (Wrec) of ∼ 4.1 J/cm3 and a great efficiency (η) of ∼ 88% can be achieved at x = 2.1 ceramics. The improved ESP could be attributed mainly to the effective inhibition of Fe2+ by multi-fold valence states of Mn ions accompanying with the decreasing of oxygen vacancy and Fe3+/Fe2+ ionic hopping, leading to the refinement of grain size, and the enhancement of BDS and ferroelectric polarization. Moreover, the optimized ceramics exhibit the good frequency/thermal stability, excellent fatigue resistance and high powder density. These results demonstrate that a charge compensated method pays a route of improving ESP for dielectric ceramic capacitors.

Improving energy storage performance of barium titanate-based ceramics by doping MnO2

MnO2 was used as a sintering additive to reduce sintering temperature of the 0.92(Ba0.94Li0.02La0.04)(Mg0.04Ti0.96)O3-0.08Bi(Zn1/2Ti1/2)O3 (0.92BLLMT-0.08BZT) ceramic thick film and promote sintering process. At the same time, MnO2 doping is beneficial for reducing dielectric loss and leakage current, and improving insulation performance, thus, breakdown field strength (BDS) of ceramics is increased. In addition, MnO2 doping introduces defect energy levels, and increases lattice distortion and polarization intensity, thereby changing the crystal structure and microstructure morphology, and improving energy storage density and thermal stability. The BDS reaches 650 kV/cm electric field with 0.5 mol% MnO2 doping, where the ceramic thick film achieves a discharge density (Wdis) of 5.51 J/cm3, ultra-high power density (PD = 443.87 MW/cm3) and current density (CD = 1365.74 A/cm2). The ceramic thick film exhibits good thermal stability with Wdis change rate of only 16.47 % within room temperature to 170 °C under 200 kV/cm. Such excellent comprehensive performance can be attributed to the decrease of grain size, defect concentration, and leakage current, and the formation of polar nano regions in the BT-based ceramics caused by MnO2 doping and cations substitution at A-site and B-site of the perovskite structure. This study provides valuable insights for the research of lead-free dielectric ceramic capacitors, and the 0.92BLLMT-0.08BZT-0.5 mol% Mn ceramic thick film presents good development prospect in high-power pulse energy storage system.

Phase Stability and Slag-Induced Destabilization in MnO2 and CeO2-Doped Calcia-Stabilized Zirconia.

MnO2 and CeO2 were doped to improve the corrosion resistance of CSZ (calcia-stabilized zirconia), and we studied the phase formation, mechanical properties, and corrosion resistance by molten mold flux. The volume fraction of the monoclinic phase gradually decreased as the amount of MnO2 doping increased. The splitting phenomenon of the t(101) peak was observed in 2Mn_CSZ, and in 4Mn_CSZ, it was completely split, forming a cubic phase. The relative density increased and the monoclinic phase decreased as the doping amount increased, leading to an increase in Vickers hardness and flexural strength. However, in 3Mn_CSZ and 4Mn_CSZ, where cubic phase formation occurred, the tetragonal phase decreased, leading to a reduction in these properties. MnO2-doped CSZ exhibited a larger fraction of the monoclinic phase compared to the original CSZ after the corrosion test, indicating worsened corrosion resistance. These results are attributed to the predominant presence of Mn3+ and Mn2+ forms, rather than the Mn4+ form, which has a smaller basicity difference with SiO2, and due to the low melting point. The monoclinic phase fraction decreased as the doping amount of CeO2 increased in CeO2-doped CSZ, but the rate of decrease was lower compared to MnO2-doped CSZ. The monoclinic phase decreased as the doping amount increased, but the Vickers hardness and flexural strength showed a decreasing trend due to the low relative density. The destabilization behavior of Ca in SEM-EDS images before and after corrosion was difficult to identify due to the presence of Ca in the slag, and the destabilization behavior of Ce due to slag after corrosion was not observed. In the XRD data of the specimen surface after the corrosion test, the fraction of the monoclinic phase increased compared to before the test but showed a lower monoclinic phase fraction compared to CSZ. It is believed that CeO2 has superior corrosion resistance compared to CaO because Ce predominantly exists in the form of Ce4+, which has a smaller difference in basicity within the zirconia lattice.

MnO2 doping stabilized antiferroelectric P phase and underlying physical mechanism in NaNbO3-SrTiO3 lead-free ceramics

The incorporation of a few amount of MnO2 into 0.88NaNbO3-0.12SrTiO3 lead-free ceramics was found to effectively stabilize the antiferroelectric orthorhombic P phase before its transition into antiferroelectric orthorhombic R phase, consequently featuring completely reversible electric field-induced antiferroelectric-ferroelectric phase transition. Not only reproducible double polarization hysteresis loops but also repeated sprout-like strain-field curves ensure great application potentials in large-displacement lead-free actuators owing to both large repeatedly-utilized strains of ∼0.33% and low driving field of ∼11 kV/mm. Combined results of XPS, Raman spectroscopy and dielectric properties indicate that the stabilized antiferroelectric P phase was closely related to the reduced B-site cation polarizability and oxygen vacancy concentration, while a slight change in antiferrodistortive degree would discourage the P-R phase transition. These results indicate that ionic doping is an alternative method to alter the antiferroelectric P phase stability of NaNbO3-based lead-free ceramics by synergistically considering the influencing factors of phase and crystal structure stability.

Comprehensive optimization of piezoelectric coefficient and depolarization temperature in Mn-doped Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-Bi0.5K0.5TiO3-BaTiO3 lead-free piezoceramics

Lead-free Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3 (BNT) piezoelectric ceramics have the advantages of large coercive fields and high Curie temperatures. But the improvement of piezoelectric coefficient (d33) is usually accompanied by a huge sacrifice of depolarization temperature (Td). In this work, a well-balanced performance of d33 and Td is achieved in MnO2-doped 0.79(Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3)-0.14(Bi0.5K0.5TiO3)-0.07BaTiO3 ternary ceramics. The incorporation of 0.25 mol% MnO2 enhances the d33 by more than 40%, while Td remains almost unchanged (i.e., d33=181 pC/N, Td=184 °C). X-ray diffraction (XRD) shows that an appropriate fraction of the small axis-ratio ferroelectric phase (pseudo-cubic, Pc) coexists with the long-range ferroelectric phase (tetragonal, T) under this MnO2 doping. Piezoelectric force microscopy (PFM) has revealed a special domain configuration, namely large striped and layered macro domains embedded with small nanodomains. This study provides a distinctive avenue to design BNT-based piezoelectric ceramics with high piezoelectric performance and temperature stability.

Densification kinetics and sintering behavior of UO2 and 0.5 wt.%MnO‐doped UO2

AbstractIn this work, the sintering kinetics of pure UO2 and 0.5 wt.%MnO‐doped UO2 was studied by a high‐temperature dilatometer heated up to 1500°C. In addition, the sintering behavior of pure UO2 and 0.5 wt.%MnO‐doped UO2 was studied by pressureless sintering technique. The results showed that MnO doping enhanced the grain boundary diffusion of UO2, which can effectively decrease the densification temperature and promote grain growth. The sintering temperature of UO2 was significantly reduced by about 200°C with the addition of 0.5 wt.%MnO. The microscopic morphology studies showed that there were still fine particles agglomerated, forming sintered spheres in the matrix even if no severe agglomeration and bimodal size distribution were observed in raw UO2 powder. The microstructure evolution of the sintered sphere and UO2 matrix during the densification process was studied by isothermal sintering. Finally, the present analyses indicated that the densification of UO2 matrix can be accelerated by adding MnO or increasing the sintering temperature, thus improving the densification inhomogeneity of UO2 matrix.

Achieving superior electrical performance of high-temperature piezoelectric ceramics for high-power applications via MnO2 doping and intentional Ti nonstoichiometry for inhibiting pyrochlore phase

Achieving superior electrical performance of high-temperature piezoelectric ceramics for high-power applications via MnO2 doping and intentional Ti nonstoichiometry for inhibiting pyrochlore phase

Sm2O3 and MnO2 codoped PMN-PZT ceramics with both high mechanical quality factor and piezoelectric properties

For lead-based ceramics used in high-power devices, it is essential that they possess both a high mechanical quality factor (Qm) and a large piezoelectric coefficient (d33). Unfortunately, Qm is inversely proportional to d33 for piezoelectric ceramics, which the limits their actual application. If suitable acceptor and donor dopants can be added in piezoelectric ceramics, it is rational to achieve high Qm and large d33 simultaneously. Herein, we tried to achieve both a high mechanical quality factor and large piezoelectric activity in 0.47 pb(Mg1/2Nb2/3)O3-0.18PbZrO3-0.35PbTiO3 (PMN-PZT) ceramics via Sm2O3 and MnO2 co-doing. A range of xMn-2Sm-PMN-PZT ceramics were fabricated by the traditional sintering method. An optimal performance was attained in 4Mn-2Sm-PMN-PZT ceramics with Qm = 1720, d33 = 450 pC/N, ε = 2720 and kp = 0.54. The high Qm is related to the presence of defect dipoles as a result of MnO2 doping and the large piezoelectric activity is due to the doping of Sm2O3.

Effects of MnO2-doping on growth, structure and electrical properties of lead-free piezoelectric K0.5Na0.5NbO3-BiAlO3 single crystals

K0.5Na0.5NbO3 (KNN)-based lead-free piezoelectric single crystals have been prepared by the Seed-Free, Solid-State Crystal Growth (SFSSCG) method, and the effects of MnO2 doping on the structural and electrical properties were systematically investigated. The results showed that the MnO2-doping can promote the growth of K0.5Na0.5NbO3-BiAlO3 (KNN-BA) single crystals and enhance its electrical properties. Furthermore, the size of the (1 - x)( KNN-BA)-xMnO2 crystals reached the maximum value of about 18 × 17 × 2 mm3 at x = 0.005. Also, the color of the crystals did gradually change, from light yellow to dark brown, due to the addition of MnO2. The XRD and refinement results showed that the addition of MnO2, in the range of 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.009, did not change the crystalline structure of the perovskite crystals. A two-phase perovskite crystalline structure was present in all crystals: an orthorhombic and a tetragonal phase. The content of the orthorhombic phase decreased, while the content of the tetragonal phase increased, with an increase in the MnO2 content. In addition, the domains in the crystals were mainly composed of 180° ones and had a parallel lamellar structure. Also, the smallest average domain width was obtained for crystals with x = 0.003. These crystals had the largest piezoelectric constant of 568 pC/N and an excellent overall performance of d33 = 568 pC/N, Pr = 32.2 μC/cm2, Qm = 55.3, kt = 0.36, kp = 0.39, TC = 418 °C, εr = 430, and tan δ = 0.015.

Abnormal piezoelectric properties of acceptor doped 0.75BF-0.25BT lead-free ceramics for application in atomizer

Ecologically sustainable hard type piezoelectric ceramics are highly demanded for high power transducer applications in replacing lead-based piezoelectric ceramics. In this study, MnO was proposed as acceptor dopant to modify the electric properties of 0.75BiFeO3-0.25BaTiO3 piezoelectric ceramics. Results showed that MnO doping reduced the lattice distortion of rhombohedral phase and facilitated the formation of pseudo cubic phase of 0.75BiFeO3-0.25BaTiO3 system. Moreover, it caused the diversity of domain morphology and reduced the domain size as well. XPS analysis indicated that Mn2+ ions suppressed the transition from Fe3+ ions to Fe2+ ions and gave rise to the increase of oxygen vacancies. Accordingly, the introduction of MnO synergistically increases the d33, Kp, and Qm and lowers the tanδ of 0.75BiFeO3-0.25BaTiO3 ceramics. The abnormal enhancement in hard type properties is ascribed mainly to the increase of extrinsic contribution rather than the pinning effect arising from oxygen vacancies. Finally, based on an optimal 0.75Bi(Fe0.985Mn0.015)O3-0.25BaTiO3 system, an atomizer prototype was fabricated. The remarkable atomization effect suggests a competitive potential of 0.75BF-0.25BT ceramic for transducer application.

Microstructure and properties of ZnO-Bi2O3-based varistor ceramics via flash sintering

PurposeThis paper aims to study the effects of MnO2 on the ZnO–Bi2O3-based varistor prepared via flash sintering (FS)Design/methodology/approachMnO2-doped ZnO–Bi2O3-based varistors were successfully prepared by the FS with a step-wise increase of the .current in 60 s at the furnace temperature <750°C under the direct current electric field of 300 V cm−1. The FS process, microstructure and the electrical performance of ZnO–Bi2O3-based varistors were systematically investigated.FindingsThe doping of MnO2 significantly decreased the onset temperature of FS and improved the electrical performance of FS ZnO varistor ceramic. The sample with 0.5 mol% MnO2 doping shows the highest improvement, with the nonlinear coefficient of 18, the leakage current of 16.82 µA, the threshold voltage of 459 V/mm and the dielectric constant of 1,221 at 1 kHz.Originality/valueFS is a wonderful technology to enhance ZnO varistors for its low energy consumption, and a short sintering time can reduce grain growth and inhabit Bi2O3 volatilize, yet few research studies work on that. In this research, the authors analyzed the FS process and improved the electrical characteristics through MnO2 doping.

Photocatalytic polysulfone membrane incorporated by ZnO-MnO2@SiO2 composite under UV light irradiation for the reliable treatment of natural rubber-laden wastewater

The effects of adding zinc oxide-manganese oxide @ silicon dioxide (ZnO-MnO2@SiO2) photocatalyst composite to polysulfone (PSf) membrane that was performed for natural rubber-laden wastewater (NRW) treatment are presented in this study. The sol–gel method was adopted to synthesize the photocatalyst composites, and the non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) technique was applied to synthesize the membranes. The PSf/ZnO-MnO2@SiO2 membrane has a smooth surface with a well-constructed finger-like structure and a fairly uniform dispersion of photocatalyst elementals on its surface, according to SEM and EDX mapping data. From AFM results, the addition of ZnO-MnO2@SiO2 photocatalyst resulted in a rougher surface image. In the FTIR spectrum of PSf/ZnO-MnO2@SiO2 membrane, many new polar functional groups such as Zn-O, Mn-O, and Si-O-Si were identified. The MnO2 doping in the composite successfully increased the photo-sensitivity and photocatalytic activity of the composite, implying that the bandgap energy was reduced from 3.10 eV to 2.65 eV, promoting photocatalytic improvement. The membrane porosity, hydrophilicity, water absorption ability, and mechanical strength are all enhanced with the addition of the ZnO-MnO2@SiO2 photocatalyst. Performing the PSf/ZnO-MnO2@SiO2 membrane under UV light irradiation significantly improved the flux stability, membrane recyclability, and antifouling properties that prevented the fouling formation and prolonged the usability of the membrane. In conclusion, the PSf/ZnO-MnO2@SiO2 membrane is determined to be the most promising UV light-driven photocatalytic membrane for successful NRW treatment based on all attributes and performance.