Mm In Season Research Articles

Development of the crop coefficient for vertically trained cucumber vines grown in soilless media under naturally ventilated greenhouse conditions

AbstractIn the wake of climate change and water scarcity issues, protected cultivation combined with precise irrigation management allows effective water resource utilization. This research was intended to find the actual crop evapotranspiration (ETc) of vertically trained cucumber vines in a soilless medium and develop crop coefficients (Kc) under greenhouse conditions. Experiments were performed in three micro‐lysimeters (volume 0.015 m3) placed inside a naturally ventilated greenhouse from April to June 2018 (season I) and September to December 2019 (season II) with a planting density of 0.32 m2/plant. The FAO‐56 Penman–Monteith equation was used to calculate reference evapotranspiration (ETo), and lysimeters were used to calculate the actual ETc. The average actual ETc of cucumber vines in season II (147.81 mm) was almost half of the ETc in season I (275.24 mm). The higher ETc in season I was due to a higher ETo of 493 mm during season I compared to 150 mm in season II inside the greenhouse. Kc values for season I were 0.3, 0.74, 1.11 and 0.68 compared to 0.3, 0.77, 1.38 and 0.79 in season II during the initial development, mid and end stages of cucumber vines, respectively, under greenhouse conditions.

Maximum rainfall probability distributions pattern in Haryana –A case study

The present study has been undertaken to fit best probability distribution of rainfall in Ambala District of Haryana State. The analysis showed that the maximum daily rainfall among the years ranged between 41mm (1980) to 307.9mm (2009) indicating a very large variation during the period of study. The mean of maximum daily rainfall of all years annually is 112.13mm. The means of monthly and weekly values ranged from 33.10-88.92mm and 8.77- 46.28 mm, respectively. The maximum daily rainfall in a year/monsoon season was307.9 mm and monthly maximum daily rainfall in monsoon season ranged from 105 -307.9mm. The weekly maximum daily rainfall ranged from48 mm-307.9 mm. It was also observed that the minimum among the maximum daily rainfall was 41mm for annual, 34mm for season and 0 in all the months and weeks. The maximum value of coefficient of variation was observed in the first week which indicated a large fluctuation in the rainfall data set and minimum value of coefficient of variation 0.464 was observed for the whole year which shows that fluctuation was minimum for the whole year. Generalized extreme value distribution was found to be best fit probability distribution for most of the periods.

Actual and Reference Evaporative Losses and Surface Coefficients of a Maize Field during Nongrowing (Dormant) Periods

Effective water resources planning, allocation, management, and use in agroecosystems require accurate quantification of actual evapotranspiration ( ETc ) during growing and nongrowing (dormant) pe...