Ml Of NaCl Research Articles

Growth performance, carcass composition, and qualitative meat features of broiler chickens after galactooligosaccharides and sodium butyrate in ovo administration

The study aimed to analyze the growth performance, feed indicators, and quantitative and qualitative physicochemical features of carcass and meat from broiler chickens after rearing, stimulated in ovo on d 12 of incubation with various substances. In the experiment, 1,200 hatching eggs from meat-type hen Ross 308 parental flock were incubated. On d 12, the injection was performed. Group CON-0 was noninjected. Group CON-S was injected with saline. In the GOS group, the procedure was performed in ovo with galactooligosaccharides (dissolved 3.5 mg of GOS in 0.2 mL of NaCl). In the SB group, butyric acid sodium salt was administered in a 0.3% SB dissolved in 0.2 mL NaCl. After hatching, 336, 1-day-old chicks per group were transferred to the broiler house and kept in 7 pens with 12 chickens per group for 42 d. The body weight and feed intake indicators were calculated. Next, 40 birds were selected (n = 10 per group) and taken to analyze carcass composition and meat quality (pH, color, WHC, drip loss, chemical composition). Compared to the experimental groups, the highest body weight indicators were found in groups CON-0 and CON-S. The feed conversion ratio was the lowest in the SB group on d 36 to 42 (P < 0.05). The European Efficiency Production Factor in groups GOS and SB was lower than in group CON-S (P = 0.005). The GOS group showed higher pH24hours in the pectoral muscles than the CON-S group (P = 0.011). The leg muscles showed better WHC in the CON-S, GOS, and SB groups than in the CON-0 group (P < 0.001). A lower intramuscular fat of the pectoral and leg muscle content was demonstrated, especially in the SB group. Injection of galactooligosaccharides and sodium butyrate in ovo adversely affected broiler production but did not alter carcass composition. It varied pectoral muscles' pH and chemical composition and improved water holding capacity and chemical composition in leg muscles.

Intraoperative Hypertonic Saline Irrigation Preventing Seroma Formation in the Treatment of Axillary Bromhidrosis.

Subcutaneous seroma formation (SF) is commonly seen after axillary bromhidrosis surgeries and its treatment can be challenging and long. Current prevention methods are not consistent, and the treatment includes repeated aspirations and drains, both are associated with higher risk for infections. The purpose of this article is to present a novel and simple technique of intraoperative hypertonic saline irrigation (IHSI) to axillary bromhidrosis subcutaneous dead space, which prevents postoperative SF and enables early drain removal due to reduced secretions. From 2015 to 2022, we performed the intraoperative irrigation of the cavity through normal saline in 100 patients with primary axillary bromhidrosis. Through an incision approximately 3 cm long at the central axillary crease, the entire subcutaneous tissues containing apocrine glands were initially dissected with straight scissors within the axillary area, and then, the undermined apocrine glands were removed with curved scissors. The skin was defatted to become a full-thickness skin flap. Any suspected hemorrhagic spots were immediately coagulated electrosurgically. Negative pressure drains were placed, and intraoperative irrigation of the cavity through the drains with 20 ml of NaCl 0.9% or NaCl 10% left at site for 10 min applies different saline solutions in the same patients. The volumeofdrainage on the 1st postoperative day was 6.54±0.36 mL for the group B, which was significantly less than 15.23±0.42 mL for the group A (p < 0.05). The time of drain removal for the group B was 24 h, which was shorter than 48 h for the group A. In group B, 4 percent of axillae showed significant SF postoperatively, which was lower than the 20 percent of axillae associated with the group A (p < 0.05). The rate of incision infection for the group B was 2 percent, which was significantly lower than the 6 percent of axillae in the group A (p < 0.05). Two percent of axillae showed skin edge necrosis postoperatively in the group B, which was lower than the 10 percent of axillae associated with the group A (p < 0.05). IHSI enhances adhesion formation and reduces secretion rate in subcutaneous dissection space after axillary bromhidrosis surgeries, therefore enables early drain removal and prevents SF, incision infection and skin edge necrosis. As a result, reducing the pain of patients, decreasing inconveniency and cost saving of multiple outpatient visits or additional surgery. This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .

Effect of in ovo lactoferrin injection in Fayoumi chicken eggs on immune response and some physiological parameters in posthatch chicks.

The effects of in ovo lactoferrin (Lf) injection on some physiological parameters and immune response of posthatch chicks were investigated. Live embryonated Fayoumi chicken eggs (n = 600) were randomly allocated into four groups. The first group as a control was noninjected eggs, the secondgroup was only injected with 0.1 mL of NaCl 0.75% solution, and the thirdand fourthgroups were injected with 50 and 100 µL Lf dissolved in 0.1 mL saline solution respectively. The eggs were injected on Day 15 of incubation in the amnion. The results illustrated that the hatchability of eggs in two Lf groups was significantly higher than in the control, NaCl groups. The residual yolk in chicks injected with Lf (100 µL/egg) was significantly lower than the control group (p < 0.05). In ovo Lf injection improved lipid profile, liver function, antioxidant indices, blood haematology, serum immunoglobulins and jejunum histomorphometry compared to the control group (p < 0.05). In ovo injection of Lf decreased significantly (p < 0.001) of pathogenic bacteria in residual yolk such as Salmonella,Shigellaand Coliform compared to the control group. In conclusion, in ovo Lf injection can improve the hatchability, lipid profile, immune response and antioxidant indices and decline pathogens in the residual yolk, thus boosting the health status of newly hatched Fayoumi chicks.

Incapacité des logiciels d’aide à la prescription hospitaliers à sécuriser l’utilisation des solutions concentrées de potassium injectable

To determine whether hospital computerised physician order entry (CPOE) systems contribute to securing intravenous potassium chloride (KCl) prescriptions with reference to the recommendations issued by French healthcare agencies. We sent a questionnaire to the members of the Association pour le Digital et l'Information en Pharmacie. More than three quarters of the 84 responses received involving 23 CPOE systems indicate that it is possible to: prescribe an ampoule of concentrated potassium chloride 10% 10mL intravenously without any diluents (80%); prescribe 4g of KCl in a bag of 500mL of NaCl 0,9% (98%); prescribe a solution that contains 6 grams of KCl per liter (94%); prescribe the administration of an injectable ampoule orally by means of a free text comment (83%). Nearly half of the responses indicate that it is possible to prescribe: concentrated KCl ampoules as administration solvent (50%); an injectable vial to be administered by oral route (52%). At least 23 hospital CPOE systems are unable to secure the prescriptions of injectable KCl. This finding lifts the veil on an unthought, namely the role of CPOE systems in securing high-risk medications. In order to solve this problem, it should be mandatory that health information technology vendors pay particular attention to these drugs. With regard to injectable KCl, the utilisation of a dilution vehicle, maximum concentration and maximum infusion flow rate are the first four constraints to be satisfied.

Combination of adipose-derived stem cell conditioned media and minoxidil for hair regrowth in male androgenetic alopecia: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial

IntroductionTreatments for AGA have yet to produce satisfactory outcomes and may cause intolerable side effects. Recent studies have reported that adipose tissue-derived stem cell conditioned media (ADSC-CM) could induce hair growth and regeneration.ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of ADSC-CM combined with minoxidil for hair regeneration therapy in male AGA.MethodsThis study lasted for 6 weeks. Subjects were divided into two groups: concentrated and non-concentrated ADSC-CM. Scalp was divided vertically in half before intradermal injection was administered from the frontal region of the scalp toward the vertex with a 30G needle, spaced about 1 cm apart. Treatment side received 2 ml of ADSC-CM; the other side was given 2 ml of NaCl 0.9% as placebo. Patients applied 5% minoxidil twice daily post-injection. Improvements were assessed using photographs and trichoscan every 2 weeks.ResultsHair count, hair density, and mean thickness increased significantly on both sides after 6 weeks, while vellus rate decreased proportionally with the increase of terminal rate. No statistically significant differences between treatment groups were found. Minimum side effects were reported, and subjects were satisfied with the results.ConclusionCombination of ADSC-CM and minoxidil could be a potential agent for hair regrowth. Follow-up research with extensive populations, longer duration, and different study design may be required to confirm the exact mechanisms of ADSC-CM on hair growth.Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT05296863. Registered 25 March 2022—Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT05296863.

Black cumin 0.3 gram and 0.4 gram on apoptotic levels in Cerebral Contusions Rattus Norvegicus Wistar

Background. Apoptosis is one of the indicators to check for following brain damage. Along with this trend, treatment in the form of herbal and phytopharmaca therapy is required more frequently to treat brain injury complications. Black cumin possesses a function that opposes the apoptotic mechanism.&#x0D; Objectives. This study sought to determine the effect of black seed on an animal model of brain damage using apoptotic measures.&#x0D; Methods. Four treatment groups were created from the experimental animals as follows: Group BC1: For 7 days following the brain contusion, they were given [0.3 gram] g/kg bw of black cumin extract daily. Group BC2: For 7 days following the brain contusion, they were given [0.4 gram] g/kg bw of black cumin extract daily. Following the brain contusion, Group K received 3 ml of Nacl 0.9% daily for 7 days. The TUNEL DNA fragmentation method was used to count the amount of apoptotic cells and analysis was conducted using ANOVA with F-test and Tukey HSD.&#x0D; Results. The control group had the greatest amount of apoptosis at 30.4. Apoptosis averages for BC1 (0.3 g), and BC2 (0.4 g) groups of rats were 25.0, and 18.8, respectively. Black cumin anova test with apoptosis was present while a higher dose of black cumin will minimize the amount of apoptosis.&#x0D; Conclusions. Injecting black cumin extracts into rats with head injuries reduced apoptosis, albeit not significantly. In rats with experimental head injuries, black cumin extract induces a connection through the apoptosis mechanism.

Exfoliated oral mucosa cells as bioindicators of short- and long-term systemic titanium contamination

BackgroundHumans are exposed to exogenous sources of titanium-containing particles that can enter the body mainly by inhalation, ingestion, or dermal absorption. Given the widespread use of biomaterials in medicine, the surface of a titanium (Ti) biomedical device is a potential endogenous source of Ti ions and/or Ti-containing particles, such as TiO2 micro-(MPs) and nano-particles (NPs), resulting from biotribocorrosion processes. Ti ions or Ti-containing particles may deposit in epithelial cells of the oral mucosa, and the latter may therefore serve as bioindicators of short and long-term systemic Ti contamination. The aim of the present study was to histologically and quantitatively evaluate the presence of Ti traces in cells exfoliated from the oral mucosa as possible bioindicators of systemic contamination with this metal at short and long-term experimental time points MethodsThirty Wistar rats were intraperitoneally injected with a suspension of titanium dioxide (TiO2) (0.16 g/100 g body weight of TiO2 in 5 ml of NaCl 0.9%) using 5 nm NPs (Group: TiO2-NP5; n = 10), 45 µm MPs (Group: TiO2-MP45; n = 10), or vehicle alone (Control group; n = 10). At one and six months post-injection, right-cheek mucosa cells were obtained by exfoliative cytology using a cytobrush; they were spray fixed and stained using Safranin or the Papanicolaou technique. The smears were cytologically evaluated (light microscopy) to determine the presence of particulate material, which was also analyzed microchemically (SEM-EDS). Left-cheek mucosa cells were similarly obtained and re-suspended in 5 ml of PBS (pH: 7.2–7.4); the samples corresponding to each group were pooled together and analyzed spectrometrically (ICP-MS) to determine Ti concentration in each of the studied groups. Blood samples were obtained for histological determination of the presence of particulate material on Safranin-stained blood smears and determination of plasma concentration of Ti by ICP-MS ResultsDifferent size and shape metal-like particles were observed inside and outside epithelial cells in TiO2-NP5 and TiO2-MP45 cytological smears at both one and six months post-injection. EDS analysis showed the presence of Ti in the particles. ICP-MS revealed higher Ti concentrations in both TiO2 injected groups compared to the control group. In addition, Ti concentration did not vary with time or particle size. Monocytes containing particles were observed in blood smears of TiO2-exposed animals one- and six-months post-injection. Plasma levels of Ti were significantly higher in TiO2-NP5- and TiO2-MP45- exposed animals than in controls (p < 0.05), and Ti concentration was significantly higher at one month than at six months in both TiO2-exposed groups (p < 0.05). ConclusionsCells exfoliated from the oral mucosa could be used as bioindicators of short- and long-term systemic contamination with Ti. Exfoliative cytology could be used as a simple, non-invasive, and inexpensive diagnostic method for monitoring biotribocorrosion of Ti implants and patient clinical follow-up.

Effect of In-ovo Injection of L-Arginine on Hatchability, Chick Quality, Performances and Muscle Histology of Native Chicken

This study aimed to determine the effect of in-ovo injection of L-arginine on hatchability, chick quality, performances, and muscle histology of native chicken. In-ovo injection was carried out on the 10th day. A total of 375 fertile eggs with an average weight ranged  39-43 g were grouped into 5 treatments. The first treatment was without injection (negative control), the second treatment was injection of NaCl solution 0.9% (positive control), the third treatment was injection of L-arginine solution 0.5 g per 100 ml of NaCl 0.9% (0.5%, m/v) The fourth treatment was injection of 1.0 g L-arginine solution per 100 ml of NaCl 0.9% (1.0%, m/v), and the fifth treatment was injection of 1.5 g L-arginine solution per 100 ml of NaCl 0.9% (1.5%, m/v). The injection was carried out at the pointed area of the egg in a vertical position (pointed below, blunt above). The Injection was carried out with a depth of 10 mm from the eggshell using an automatic injector. The results showed that all treatments produced the same hatchability. In-ovo injection of L-arginine has a beneficial effect on chick quality and post-hatch performance, the concentration of L-arginine solution used did not cause embryo death. In-ovo injection of 0.5% L-arginine increased hatching weight, weekly body weight, muscle mass, and myofiber size.

Abstract P211: Single High Na + Ingestion Leads To An Increase In Oxidative Stress And Triggers Inflammation.

Hypertension has been linked to a progressive increased in oxidative stress and inflammation. The high prevalence of hypertension poses a great risk to public health as 108 million adults in the United States have the condition. For that reason, a better understanding of the link between a high Na+ intake and the development of hypertension is of crucial importance. We hypothesize that a single ingestion of a high Na+ solution leads to increased oxidative stress and triggers an inflammatory response. Wistar 200-250 g male rats had gastric infusions through the esophagus. Groups were infused with 8 mL liquid Vaseline (Control), 8 mL of NaCl 0.684 M (4% m/v), and 8 mL of NaCl 1.368 M (8% m/v). After infusion, blood was collected at different time points during the first hour. Tissue samples were obtained from the aorta, heart, and kidney. Electron Microscopy (EM) was performed on all tissues, which were also analyzed for molecular markers of oxidative stress: Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) and Malondialdehyde (MDA), and an inflammation marker: Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase (ERK). At 2 and a half minutes, serum Na+ concentration was unchanged in the control group compared to an increase observed in animals receiving 4% and 8% Na+ with concentrations of 135±1.4 mEq/L, 141±2.0 mEq/L, and 140±1.2 mEq/L respectively. At the 1-hour time point after infusion, the difference was further increased in the 8% group with serum concentrations of 135±1.8 mEq/L, 140±1.5 mEq/L, and 152±1mEq/L respectively (p&lt;0.05). There was an increase in oxidative stress in the aorta from values of 36.22±4.64 mU/mg SOD and 0.131±0.013 pg/mL MDA in the control group, to 47.11±4.89 mU/mg SOD and 0.291±0.022 pg/mL MDA in the 8% group (p&lt;0.05 in both cases). The same was observed in the heart, where values were: 174.6125.26 mU/mg SOD, 0.026±0.007 pg/mL MDA in controls, and 259.22±21.98 mU/mg SOD, 0.215±0.073 pg/mL MDA in 8% group (p&lt;0.05 both cases). Increased ERK in aortic tissue, values of 0.29±0.03 pg/mL in controls, 2.68±0.18 pg/mL in 4% group and 3.97±0.68pg/mL in 8% group (p&lt;0.05) suggest increased inflammation. We conclude that the elevation in serum Na+ concentration that follows Na+ ingestion leads to increased oxidative stress and inflammation.

O-128 Intra-cycle alterations of the uterine microbiota in patients with recurrent miscarriage or recurrent implantation failure and healthy controls

Abstract Study question Uterine microbiota: are there differences within three major time points of the menstrual cycle in healthy controls, recurrent miscarriage (RM) and recurrent implantation failure (RIF) patients? Summary answer Compared to controls, RM and RIF patients showed an altered uterine microbiota throughout the menstrual cycle, with a lower dominance of lactobacilli. What is known already In contrast to the former notion of a sterile womb, bacterial colonization in the uterus and the placenta has been demonstrated. Studies showed that Lactobacillus-dominated endometrial microbiota correlate with reproductive success. Moreover, the presence of non-Lactobacillus-dominated microbiota, especially with detection of Gardnerella and Streptococcus in the endometrial fluid, seems to be associated with lower implantation-, ongoing pregnancy- and live birth-rates. However, intra-cycle variations in healthy women as well as possible alterations in patients with RM or RIF remain unknown. Study design, size, duration In total, n = 20 RM patients (≥ 3 consecutive miscarriages), n = 20 RIF patients (≥3 fresh or frozen embryo transfers with negative serum hCG, good quality embryos) and n = 10 healthy controls (no pregnancy) were included in this study. All patients had a 28 day menstrual cycle. During follicular, ovulatory and luteal-phase, after a thorough cleaning of the cervix, a flexible catheter was introduced into the uterine cavity and a uterine flushing with 1ml of NaCl was performed. Participants/materials, setting, methods Bacterial DNA was extracted using a QIAamp DNA kit (Qiagen) in combination with a PrecellysR24 homogenizer (Peqlab, Erlangen, Germany) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The V3-V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was amplified. Samples were pooled in equimolar ratios and progressed to pyrosequencing using an Illumina MiSeq se-quencer with MiSeq Kit V2 (250 bp paired-end). Analysis of 16S rRNA data, including alpha- and beta-diversity, were calculated using the phyloseq package in R. Main results and the role of chance For the Shannon index (species richness and evenness) a significant decrease during the ovulation period was shown in the control group, indicating a more uniform microbiota (p &amp;lt; 0.05). This loss of diversity was not shown in RIF and RM patients. Overall, we could observe a higher similarity in taxonomic distribution in RM compared to the RIF patients. Longitudinal dynamics included increases in Firmicutes (CTRL and RM only) and a concomitant loss of Proteobacteria. Notably, significant amounts of bacteroides were only detected in the RIF patients. Actinobacteria were more frequent in both, RM and RIF as compared to controls. Limitations, reasons for caution To minimize the impact of a potential contamination, we performed pre-experiments with paired samples both from the vaginal fornix and the endometrial cavum and could show a significant difference in overall microbiome configuration. However, the route of sample can still be prone to contamination. Wider implications of the findings For the first time, we were able to show cycle-dependent alterations in the endometrial microbiome. These findings underline the role of an altered endometrial microbiome as a cause for RM and RIF and can contribute to the future establishment of therapeutic strategies in cases of a dysbalanced microbiome. Trial registration number Drks00020803

The Role of Ultrasound Guided IVC-CI versus Central Venous Pressure in Assessment of Critically Ill Patients

Abstract Background: Both hypovolemia and volume over load increase the morbidity and mortality of patients. So evaluation of intravascular volume status is the first important step in patients with signs of shock. Use of non invasive method as Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) measurements is one of methods to avoid complications of invasive procedure as central venous pressure monitoring. Aim of Study: This study aimed to provide a useful guide for noninvasive intravascular volume status (as diagnosed and manage) and to evaluating the correlation between Inferior Vena Cava-Collapsibility Index (IVC-CI) measured with ultrasonography versus central venous pressure. Patients and Methods: This study was a prospective observation study that was conducted on forty critically ill patients of both sexes, aging >!21 years old of ASA (III & IV) with signs of shock, admitted in the ICU at Al-Zahraa Uni-versity Hospitals during the last two year (October 2018 till October 2020), were enrolled in the non probability consecutive sampling after approval of the Al-Azhar University Ethical Committee and written informed consent from the patient or the 1st degree relatives in case of comatosed patient. After were screened for signs of shock, hemodynamic parameters were monitored continuously then 500ml of Nacl 0.9% was administered in 15 minutes and clinical response was observed with measures taken by using ultrasound. Then the patients were divided into responder and non responder. Results: In our study there was 24 patients of 40 patients (60%) responded to volume resuscitation. While 16 patients of 40 patients (40%) did not respond to volume resuscitation regimen and then blood pressure improved only after intro-duction of vasopressor as regarding to demographic data, there was no significant difference between two groups, as regarding to heart rate, MAP, and central venous pressure was no significant difference between two groups. In responder group there was strongly correlated that was highly significant of CVP and IVC-CI, in non responder group, there was no correlation between CVP and IVP-CI throughout the study. Conclusion: Inferior vena cava collapsibility index as-sessment is relatively safe option and sensitive at least when compared to measuring CVP.

Role of prostaglandin F2α on ovulation and LH release in cows

This study aimed to evaluate the role of prostaglandin F2α (PGF) on ovulation. In Experiment 1, cows were randomly allocated to two treatments to receive 150 μg of d-Cloprostenol (PGF Group, n = 12) or 2 mL of NaCl 0.9% (Control Group, n = 11) and CIDRs, were removed 4 days later. No cow ovulated in Control and PGF groups. In Experiment 2, cows were randomly separated into two experimental groups to receive 4 injections of 150 μg of d-Cloprostenol (n = 9) or 2 mL of NaCL 0.9% (n = 9). In this experiment, ovulation was not observed in any cows. In Experiment 3, ovariectomized cows receive three injections of 300μg of PGF analog (PGF Group, n = 5), 100μg of Lecirelin (GnRH Group, n = 5) or 2 mL of PBS (Control Group, n = 4). The LH concentration was higher (P &lt;0.0001) in cows from the GnRH group than in the PGF and Control groups. In experiment 4, cows with preovulatory follicles (&gt;11.5 mm) were treated with Saline (Control Group, n = 6); Lecirelin (GnRH Group, n = 7) or Cloprostenol Sodium (PGF Group, n = 6). There was a significant increase in the vascular area of follicles from 0 to 24 h in GnRH and PGF treatments. In conclusion, PGF was not able to induce ovulation in cows with high or low plasma progesterone concentration. Additionally, PGF alone was not able to induce LH release and follicle luteinization, but increased follicular vascularization.

CTMS in the study of post-EVAR endoleak in the treatment of aneurysmal dilations

Computed tomography angiography (CTA) has been widely used in diagnostic evaluation of many aortic diseases, but there are not standardized techniques for aortic CTA. The purpose of this study is to compare two methods: biphasic technique and split bolus. A 64-slice CT scanner has been used. There were a total of 28 patients involved in the study. The patients have been divided in two groups: - Group A: 18 patients - Group B: 10 patients The biphasic technique has been used on 18 patients in group A. In this protocol was used a low dose acquisition without contrast medium (CM) and two contrastographic phases with CM. The split bolus technique was performed on 10 patients of group B. 120-140 ml of CM are divided in two boluses. The first bolus of 55-90 ml of CM was injected at a flow of 1,5-2 ml/s, followed by 20ml of physiological solution at a flow of 1,5-2ml/s. After physiological solution the second bolus of 35-60 ml was injected at a flow of 3,5ml/s followed by 20ml of Nacl at a flow of 3,5ml/s. In group A 6 patients had endoleak type I, n=2 endoleak type II, n=8 endoleak type III, n=2 endoleak type IV. (dose of 43.2 mSv). In group B 2 patients had endoleak type I, n= 4 endoleak type II, n=3 endoleak type III and n=1 endoleak type IV. (dose of 16,39 mSv). The biphasic technique has high spatial resolution and contrast resolution, reduction of acquisition times and reduction of artifacts, but an unacceptable a great amount of radiation is involved. The split bolus technique provides results comparable to the biphasic technique but with a lower dose of radiation.

Development and Evaluation of a CT Pulmonary Angiography Protocol Dedicated to Pregnant and Postpartum Women

IntroductionThis study presents and evaluates a CT pulmonary angiography protocol dedicated to pregnant women. The specific feature of this protocol is to place the region of interest (ROI) (bolus detection) in the superior vena cava. The objective is to evaluate the performances of this method. Materials and methodsThe protocol uses a iodine-based contrast agent at 300mgI/mL and an injection rate of 5 to 6 mL/sec for an injection volume of 50 mL of iodine contrast agent followed by 40 mL of NaCl. The ROI is positioned on the superior vena cava, with a 100 Hounsfield units (HU) threshold, and the acquisition is performed at 100 kVp. This protocol was evaluated retrospectively on a large population (n = 105: group 1) and compared with a control group that did not benefit from this protocol (n = 55: group 2). Both groups were studied on the same device in the same center. Each examination was evaluated and classified into 3 groups: optimal, suboptimal, and noncontributory. Dose length products (DLP) values were also recorded. Statistical tests were applied to the data collected. ResultsThe rate of noncontributory examinations increased from 43.1% for the control group to 4.8% for the new protocol group. The reference enhancement level in the pulmonary trunk is 250 UH. The mean enhancement in the pulmonary trunk of the new protocol group (332 HU (±71 HU (±71 HU)) is significantly greater than the reference value of 250 HU (P < .0001), which is not the case for control group (P = .3485 > .05), which has a mean enhancement of 239 HU (±87 HU). The control group had a mean DLP of 225 mGy.cm (±81 mGy.cm), and the new-protocol group had a mean DLP of 189 mGy.cm (±75 mGy.cm). DiscussionOur noncontributory examination rate is the lowest rate described in the literature. Our protocol contradicts standard practices of placing an ROI in the pulmonary trunk for bolus detection of iodinated contrast media. ConclusionThe results of this study showed that this protocol reduces the number of noncontributory examinations while reducing the dose delivered to patients. This robust protocol is applicable to other devices and meets perfectly radiation-safety requirements and injected contrast media volume limitation.

Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Activities of Aloe vera Leaf Mucilage in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats

The present study aimed to evaluate the hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities of Aloe vera mucilage in alloxaninduced diabetic rats. Adult male Wistar rats were assigned into 4 groups (6 rats/group), as follows: the first group (C) served as the controls. The second group of rats (AL) received a single subcutaneous dose of alloxan at 120 mg kg-1bw. These groups received 1 mL of NaCl 9%. The third group (AL+Av) represented diabetic rats treated with 1 mL of mucilage extracted from Aloe vera leaves. The fourth group (C+Av) corresponded to control rats administered with 1 mL of Aloe vera mucilage. NaCl or Aloe vera mucilage were intraperitoneally injected to the rats. Diabetic rats exhibited significant hyperglycemia accompanied by glycosuria. We also observed a significant reduction in the liver weight and glycogen content of the specimen. A reduced level of serum insulin was also observed among diabetic rats. However, the levels of serum triglycerides and total cholesterol increased in alloxaninduced diabetic rats. Aloe vera mucilage administration to diabetic rats partially and totally corrected glycaemia and liver glycogen content and serum insulin level, respectively. The rats’ lipid status has also been improved. Medicinal plants, including Aloe vera, are expected to correct hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia in diabetic patients to prevent the adverse effects of synthetic drugs.

Effect of Nanoherbal Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium) and Extra Virgin Olive Oil Combination on Preeclamptic Rats Liver Histology.

BACKGROUND:Andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium) is a spice traditional Northen Sumatera, Indonesia and these fruits contain alkaloids, steroids and terpenoids. Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO) contains antioxidants. Combination of this plant have activities to reduce preeclampsia.AIM:To know the safety of the combination of nano herbal andaliman and Extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) on preeclampsia patients’ liver.METHODS:Pregnant rats were made to have preeclampsia with 3 ml of NaCl 6% injections. This research consists of 5 groups: K- (negative control): normal pregnant rats, K+: preeclampsia rats; P1: PE rats were given nano herbal andaliman 1 ml EVOO / day / 20 gBW from the 13th to the 19th day of pregnancy, P2: PE rats were given nano herbal andaliman 100 mg/day / 200 gBW from the 13th to the 19th day of pregnancy, P3: PE was given the combination of 1 ml EVOO/day / 200 gBW and andaliman nano herbal 100 mg/day/200 gBW on the 13th day of pregnancy to the 19th day given orally. Then on the 20th day of pregnancy, the subjects were dissected.RESULTS:There were significant differences (p < 0.05) on the value of SGOT, SGPT, and the average damage of the hepatocyte cells except parenchymatous degeneration after being given the nano herbal andaliman and EVOO. The compared mean of normal hepatocytes cell, hydropic degeneration and necrosis value between all groups were p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 compared to (K-). The non-significant difference was found in the mean of parenchymatous degeneration between the groups (p = 0.058).CONCLUSION:The combination of nano herbal andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium) and EVOO affected the level of necrosis in hepatocyte cells on preeclampsia rats.

Is Subcutaneous Route an Alternative to Intravenous Route for Mouse Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 1.5 T?

The present work compares intravenous (IV) and subcutaneous (SC) routes for contrast-enhanced MRI (CE-MRI) in mice. For that purpose, we selected two contrast media used in clinical practice. MRI acquisitions were performed at 1.5 T on five adult mice (Swiss, 41 g +/- 3 g). On each animal, four acquisitions were achieved with IV and SC administration of either Gd-DOTA or MS-325 (1 acquisition per week). For each route, 0.1 mL of NaCl and 0.1 mL of contrast agent were injected. For each acquisition, 200 T1-weighted images were acquired in a 2 h 34 min time lapse. For each route and contrast medium, dynamic contrast enhancement (DCE) curves were obtained. Time-to-peak (TTP), uptake, and washout constant-time values and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were extracted. IV route TTP value was 4.9 min with Gd-DOTA and 5.4 min with MS-325. SC route TTP was 43.3 min with Gd-DOTA and 45.0 min with MS-325. Despite slower uptake constant-time, we show that SC is a potentially valuable alternative to the IV route in mouse preclinical CE-MRI.

Long-Term Stability of Lorazepam in Sodium Chloride 0.9% Stored at Different Temperatures in Different Containers.

Background and Objective: Infusion containing lorazepam is used by geriatric department to limit anxiety disorders in the elderly. Currently, these infusions are prepared according to demand by the nursing staff, but the preparation in advance in a centralized service could improve quality of preparation and time management. The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term stability of this infusion in polypropylene syringes stored at 5 ± 3°C. Then, results obtained were compared with stability data of lorazepam in syringes stored at room temperature, glass bottles at 5 ± 3°C, and glass bottles at room temperature. Method: Eight syringes and 6 bottles of infusion were prepared by diluting 1 mL lorazepam 4 mg in 23 mL of NaCl 0.9% under aseptic conditions. Five syringes and 3 bottles were stored at 5 ± 3°C and 3 syringes and 3 bottles were stored at room temperature for 30 days. During the storage period, particle appearance or color change were periodically checked by visual and microscope inspection. Turbidity was assessed by measurements of optical density (OD) at 3 wavelengths (350 nm, 410 nm, 550 nm). The stability of pH was also evaluated. The lorazepam concentrations were measured at each time point by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detector at 220 nm. Results: Solutions were physically unstable in syringes at 5 ± 3°C after 4 days: crystals and a drop of OD at 350 nm were observed. However, pH was stable. After 2 days, solutions were considered as chemically unstable because a loss of lorazepam concentration higher than 10% was noticed: the lower 1-sided confidence limit at 95% was below 90% of the initial concentration. To assess temperature and polypropylene influence, results were compared with those obtained for syringes at room temperature and bottles at 5 ± 3°C and room temperature. Precipitation, drop of OD at 350 nm, and chemical instability were observed in all conditions. Conclusion: Solutions of lorazepam were unstable after 2 days in syringes at 5 ± 3°C. Preparation in advance appears, therefore, not possible for the clinical use. Storage conditions (temperature and form) do not improve the stability.

Isolasi bakteri probiotik Lactobacillus sp dari usus ikan mas (Cyprinus carpio)

The objective of research was to isolate the probiotic bacteria from intestine of carp. Isolation was performed by weighing 1 g of intestine, crushed and inserted in a reaction tube containing 9 mL of NaCl then centrifuged. Supernatant was taken and spread over the agar medium by scatter method. The bacteria-stocked medium was then incubated in an incubator at 28°C for 24-48 hours. The growing colonies were re-isolated on the agar medium to obtain pure colonies. The bacteria were then identified by morphological observation, resulting pigment and gram staining. Five nile tilapia (sized 8 – 10 cm) were used in pathogenicity test and placed in the aquarium. Fish were injected with 0.2 ml of Lactobacillus solution containing 1x107 CFU/mL via intraperitoneal injection. The results showed that the bacteria Lactobacillus sp had rod-shaped characteristics, white pigment and gram positive and not pathogenic, which means it can be used as probiotic for aquaculture.Keywords : Lactobacillus sp, carp, probiotic, pathogenicity test

Penambahan madu dalam pengenceran sperma terhadap motilitas spermatozoa, fertilisasi dan daya tetas telur ikan Patin Siam, Pangasius hipophthalmus

This research aimed to determine the optimal doses of honey addition on the sperm dilution to optimize spermatozoa motility, fertilization and hatchability of Patin Siam eggs (Pangasius hypophthalmus). The experimental design used was Complete Random Design (RAL). Diluent solution consisted of a physiological NaCl 0.9% and honey. Treatment doses of honey in aqueous diluent sperm tested as treatments were A (0 mL), B (0.2 mL), C (0.4 mL) and D (0.6 mL), each with three replications. Observations made included spermatozoa motility, fertilization and eggs hatchability. The research results showed that the addition of honey had a significant influence on motility, fertilization, and eggs hatchability. This study concluded that the addition of honey in sperm diluent solution with a dose of 0.6 mL of honey in 99.4 mL of NaCl could increase the spermatozoa motility and fertilization of Patin siam. Keywords: honey, motility, fertilization, hatchability, Pangasius hipophthalmus