Mixture Of Heavy Metal Ions Research Articles

Adsorption characteristics and mechanisms of individual and a quinary mixture of heavy metal ions on novel CoFe2O4-BiFeO3 nanosorbents in water

Application of CoFe2O4-BiFeO3 nanocomposites (CFO-BFO NCs) in highly adsorptive removal of heavy metal ions (Pb(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II)) by individual and simultanoeous adsorption were investigated for the first time in the present study. The characterization of CFO-BFO NCs were analyzed by using XRD, VSM, SEM, TEM and BET techniques. The CFO-BFO NCs powder consists of characteristic peaks of BFO and CFO without any trace of other crystalline phases; they were uniformly dispersed with a size of about 3–5 nm, much smaller than single – phase CFO (10–25 nm) and BFO (5–10 µm) with the surface area of 84.93 m2/g; remanence and coercivity were 14.33 emu/g, 1.99 emu/g and 195 Oe, respectively, significantly decreased compared to CFO but significantly increased compared to BFO. The single or simultaneous adsorption of a quinary mixture of Pb(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) on CFO-BFO NCs followed the Freundlich isotherm model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Adsorption capacity of single heavy metal ions were in the order Pb(II) > Co(II) > Cu(II) > Cd(II) > Zn(II) while the simultaneous adsorption was in the order Pb(II) > Cu(II) > Co(II) > Zn(II) > Cd(II). The maximum adsorption capacities (qmax) of each ion in the case of simultaneous adsorption were smaller than that for cases of the single adsorption but the total qmax of ions mixture was much higher than the highest qmax of single adsorption. The simultaneous adsorption of heavy metal ions is the competition, the best selectivity is Pb(II) and the strongest competition is Cd(II), the adsorption ability reduces as the charge and radius of interfering cation increase and the ionic strength increases. The regeneration and reuse ability were good, while the adsorption efficiency slightly decreased over three recycles. The adsorption increased slightly as temperature increased. The adsorption process was spontaneous and endothermic. Adsorption of heavy metal ions on CFO-BFO NCs consists of both electrostatic and chemisorption. The applicability for real sample is good. Our results demonstrate that the CFO-BFO NCs is a prospective adsorbent to remove Pb(II), Co(II), Cu(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) from aqueous environment.

Green synthesis of Carbonized Chitosan-Fe3O4-SiO2 nano-composite for adsorption of heavy metals from aqueous solutions

Water pollution with heavy metals owing to industrial and agricultural activities have become a critical dilemma to humans, plants as well as the marine environment. Therefore, it is of great importance that the carcinogenic heavy metals present in wastewater to be eliminated through designing treatment technologies that can remove multiple pollutants. A novel green magnetic nano-composite called (Carbonized Chitosan-Fe3O4-SiO2) was synthesized using Co-precipitation method to adsorb a mixture of heavy metal ions included; cobalt (Co2+), nickel (Ni2+) and copper (Cu2+) ions from aqueous solutions. The novelty of this study was the synthesis of a new nano-composite which was green with magnetic properties to be more sustainable and environmentally friendly. Its magnetic properties made it separated easily from solutions after accomplishment of the adsorption process using a magnet. Extended Freundlich isotherm was the best fitted model with maximum adsorption capacity of the metal ions mixture 2908.92 mg/g. Different experimental parameters have been studied included the initial concentration for a mixture of nickel, cobalt and copper metal ions (0.05–0.1 molar), dosage of adsorbent (0.5–3.5 g/L) and contact time (6–90 min) to investigate their changing effect on the removal percents of the heavy metal ions mixture from aqueous solutions. The experimental adsorption percent of cobalt ion ranged from 1.58 to 64.28%, nickel ion adsorption percent ranged from 10.68 to 94.12% and copper ion adsorption percent ranged from 4.41 to 76.23% at pH = 9 were based on the combination of the adsorption process parameters.

Sorption of a Mixture of Heavy Metal Ions by Clay Rocks of the Bryansk Oblast

Sorption of a Mixture of Heavy Metal Ions by Clay Rocks of the Bryansk Oblast

SnO2–MWCNT and SnO2–rGO Nanocomposites for Selective Electrochemical Detection in a Mixture of Heavy Metal Ions

SnO₂–MWCNT and SnO₂–rGO Nanocomposites for Selective Electrochemical Detection in a Mixture of Heavy Metal Ions

CeO2-CePO4 and Ag@CeO2-CePO4 nanocomposites from Penaeus semisulcatus for heavy metals sensing, UV shielding and cytotoxic applications

CeO2-CePO4 and Ag@CeO2-CePO4 nanocomposites (NCs) were prepared using Penaeus semisulcatus and characterized by various analytical techniques. The NCs exhibited spherical morphology, with average particle sizes measuring 2.36 nm, 3.30 nm and 29.64 nm for the samples air dried, annealed at 550 °C and 800 °C respectively, and the Selected Area Electron Diffraction patterns from HR-TEM revealed their crystalline nature. In 3d X-ray Photoelectron Spectra (XPS) of NCs, the highest binding energies were observed at 916.46 eV (3d3/2) and 898.16 eV (3d5/2) with spin–orbit splitting of 18.3 eV. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) patterns of the NCs showed peaks typical of both CeO2 and CePO4 phases. The Fourier Transform-Infra Red (FT-IR) spectrum contained bands due to Ce-O stretching at 560 cm−1 and PO43- groups at 1008 and 711 cm−1, which was further substantiated by Raman spectrum, which had an intense peak at 468 cm−1 corresponding to F2g band of CeO2 and another peak at 976 cm−1 due to PO43- tetrahedron. In the Ultraviolet-Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectra (UV-Vis DRS), the broad absorption peak at 352 nm and minor peaks around 300 nm confirmed the formation of CeO2-CePO4 NCs. The green synthesized NCs were excellent fluorescence sensors for Pb2+, Cd2+ and Hg2+ in a wide range of concentrations, from 5.0x10-9 M to 4.0x10-5 M. The concentration Vs. emission fitting plot had three distinctive linear ranges. At a low concentration range (5x10-9 to 3.5x10-7 M), the limit of detection for Pb2+, Cd2+ and Hg2+ was found to be 2.41x10-8, 2.56x10-8 and 3.11x10-8 M. The sensitive detection of a mixture of heavy metal ions in ppb levels by biocompatible NCs gained insight in treating aqueous industrial wastes. Further, NCs showed cytotoxicity and UV shielding properties.

Simultaneous electrochemical detection of multiple heavy metal ions in milk based on silica-modified magnetic nanoparticles

A sensitive and simple analytical method integrated with Fe3O4@SiO2-based extraction with direct electrochemical detection was applied to individually and simultaneously analyze heavy metal ions, including Cd2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, and Hg2+. The Fe3O4@SiO2-based electrochemical sensor was developed through the mixture of heavy metal ions with Fe3O4@SiO2 after alkali treatment, which was modified onto the working electrode surface. The Fe3O4@SiO2 with negative charges after alkali treatment could easily interact with heavy metal ions with positive charges by electrostatic force. Under the optimized conditions, the developed analytical method could be applied to individually and simultaneously detect heavy metal ions with good sensitivity. The detection limits were all in the nanomolar range, and the recoveries ranged from 96.0 to 104.3% for heavy metal ions in milk. Therefore, the proposed analytical method exhibited great potential for quantitatively analyzing multiple heavy metal ions in milk.

Adsorption removal of heavy metal ions from multi-component aqueous system by clay-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron

The peculiarities of adsorption removal of the mixture of heavy metal ions Cu, Cd, Co, Zn, and Cr from an aqueous solution using clay-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) composite materials were investigated. As an inorganic matrix for stabilizing nZVI the aluminosilicates kaolinite (K) (1:1), montmorillonite (MMT) (2:1) and palygorskite (Pg) (2:1) were used. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption-desorption, electrochemical methods, and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy were used to characterize the samples. Adsorption experiments were investigated in a wide range рН. The obtained results show that at pH 6, the adsorption of heavy metal ions for modified samples is two to four times higher than for natural clay minerals. The experimental results were analyzed using Freundlich and Langmuir models of adsorption isotherms. The selectivity coefficients for all pairs of heavy metals (HM) were calculated. It shows that the adsorption centers on the surfaces of layer silicates form strong complexes with heavy metal ions, which correspond to the Irving-Williams series of stability of the corresponding complexes in solutions: Cu > Zn > Co > Cd > Cr. The role of the dispersed matrix as a stabilizing component of highly reactive nano-dispersed iron in the composite adsorbent is determined. According to the efficiency of removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions, composite materials form a sequence: nZVI-montmorillonite ≥ nZVI-palygorskite > nZVI-kaolinite. The results indicated that clay-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron might be an effective material for water purification from the mixture of heavy metal ions.

REMOVAL OF Cu(II), Cd(II), Co(II), Zn(II), Cr(VI) FROM WASTEWATER BY STABILIZED NANOSCALE ZERO-VALENT IRON

Background. Obtaining sorption materials based on natural raw materials for water purification from pollution by heavy metal ions is an urgent task of our time. Composites with zero-valent iron nanoparticles immobilized on the surface of clay minerals show rather high sorption properties concerning ions of some heavy metals. However, there are only a few proceedings devoted to the physicochemical substantiation of wastewater treatment processes containing a complex mixture of such pollutants. Objective. The purpose of the paper is to study the physicochemical regularities of wastewater treatment from a mixture of ions of heavy metals Cu(II), Cd(II), Co(II), Zn(II), Cr(VI) using stabilized nano dispersed powders of zero-valent iron. Methods. The phase composition and structural-sorption characteristics of palygorskite and composites were studied by X-ray phase analysis and low-temperature adsorption-desorption of nitrogen. The efficiency of removal of metal ions by silicate materials was investigated using the sorption method. The equilibrium concentrations of each of the metals were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Results. We have investigated the physicochemical features of wastewater treatment containing a complex mixture of heavy metal ions (Cu(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), Co(II), Cr(VI)). The phase composition and structural-sorption properties of stabilized nano dispersed powders of zero-valent iron have been studied. It has been experimentally confirmed that the materials obtained have significantly better sorption properties for the removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions in comparison with natural palygorskite. Using Freundlich and Langmuir equations sorption isotherms were calculated. Conclusions. It has been established that stabilized nano dispersed powders of zero-valent iron can be successfully used for the purification of wastewater containing a mixture of toxic ions Cu(II), Cd(II), Co(II), Zn(II) and Cr(VI). It is shown that the degree of water purification by the obtained sorbents is 3–5 times higher than that for the unmodified mineral. A significant increase in the values of sorption of anionic forms of Cr(VI), which are difficult to remove from polluted waters by natural ion exchangers, has been determined.

Selective Capacitive Removal of Pb2+ from Wastewater over Redox-Active Electrodes.

Water pollution has become an environmental hazard. Diverse metal cations exist in wastewater; lead is the most common heavy metal pollutant among them. Selective removal of highly toxic and ultradiluted lead ions from wastewater is a major challenge for water purification. Here, selective capacitive removal (SCR) of lead ions from wastewater over redox-active molybdenum dioxide/carbon (MoO2/C) electrodes was developed by an environment-friendly asymmetric capacitive deionization (CDI) method. The MoO2/C spheres act as cathodes of an asymmetric CDI device and effectively reduce the concentration of Pb2+ from 50 ppm to <0.21 ppb. Moreover, the SCR efficiency of lead ions over redox-active MoO2/C electrodes is >99% in mixtures of 100 ppm Pb(NO3)2 and 100 ppm NaCl solutions. In addition, the electrodes exhibit high regeneration performance in mixtures of NaCl and Pb(NO3)2 and high SCR efficiency for lead ions from mixtures of heavy metal ions. The tetrahedral structure of the [MoO4] lattice is shown to be more favorable for the intercalation of lead ions. In situ Raman spectroscopy further shows that the transition of the crystal interface between [MoO6] and [MoO4] cluster lattice could be electrochemically controlled during SCR. Therefore, this study provides a new direction for the SCR of lead ions from wastewater.

Fabrication of the polysulfone-based composite ultrafiltration membranes for the adsorptive removal of heavy metal ions from their contaminated aqueous solutions

The polysulfone-based ultrafiltration membranes were synthesized by the phase inversion method with the varying ratios of composites for the efficient removal of heavy metal ions from their contaminated solutions. The membranes were characterized in terms of porosity, permeability, average pore size, contact angle, zeta potential, flux regeneration, and mechanical strength. The surface morphology of the membranes were analyzed by the field emission scanning electron microscope. The fluxes of the membranes were tested at the different transmembrane pressures of 1.5–3.5 kg cm−2. The lead ion (Pb2+) removal efficiencies of the membranes were investigated for the solutions of initial concentration 50 mg L-1 at a fixed pH value of 5.42. The effect of the feed concentrations on the overall adsorption capacity was investigated by varying the initial feed concentrations from 50 to 200 mg L−1. The highest adsorption capacity was obtained as 279.63 mg g−1 for the feed concentration of 200 mg L−1, and the permeate flux of 1.65 mL min−1. However, the lower feed concentration and the lower flux were advantageous for the long time functioning of the membrane with its higher efficiency without regeneration. The breakthrough curves for the Pb2+ adsorption processes were generated, and the experimental results were compared with the Thomas model. A mixture of heavy metal ions contaminated solutions was passed through the most appropriate membrane (in terms of adsorption capacity) to investigate the effect of co-existing metal ions on the adsorption capacities of lead ions. The removal efficiencies of the membrane for the different metal ions followed the trend like Pb2+ > Cu2+ > Cd2+ > ≈ Fe2+.

Au Sputtered Paper Chromatography Tandem Raman Platform for Sensitive Detection of Heavy Metal Ions.

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is a powerful technique for sensitive detection, but it normally has difficulty in multicomponent detection in a complex system, especially for simultaneous analysis of mixture of heavy metal ions. In this work, a simple paper chromatography tandem SERS (PC-SERS) separation/detection platform is proposed by ion-sputtering gold on a filter paper. Based on SEM results, the great electromagnetic field inside nanogaps of Au nanoislands on the paper surface is evaluated with FDTD simulation. It is found that the PC-SERS platform has good uniformity (RSD = 10.12%) and long-time stability. The as-prepared PC-SERS platform was applied to efficiently separate and detect a mixture of pesticides (MG, MB, and CV) in pond water without any pretreatment process, and the limits of detection (LODs) were down to 10 nM. As a crucial application for food safety, several heavy metal ions such as Cd2+, Cu2+, and Ni2+ in grinded rice were successfully detected by the PC-SERS method taking advantage of the sandwich structure based on 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) molecules, which were modified onto sputtering the Au filter paper and gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) to link metal ions and acted as Raman signal molecules. All the LODs for metal ions were down to 1 μM. Due to the easiness of fabrication, good reproducibility, and simple pretreatment step, the PC-SERS platform holds promise in multicomponent detection in a real sample.

English

Textile industry is a continuous source of colored wastewater. This wastewater frequently used for irrigation purpose in many underdeveloped countries including Pakistan. In this study, we isolated the bacterial strains capable of decolorizing dyes and promote the plant growth. Hence to decolorize the reactive red 120 (RR120), the strain WS-D/183 was optimized following response surface methodology (RSM) based modeling approach. Moreover, strain WS-D/183 was also assessed for plant growth promoting characteristics. Results revealed that the strain WS-D/183 showed a good potential for decolorization of structurally diverse types of azo dyes on reaction with a mixture of heavy metal ions (Cr6+, Cd2+, Zn2+, Pb2+). This strain concurrently removed reactive dyes (100 mg L-1 ) and reduced Cr(VI). Results showed that each dye was decolorized up to 90% except reactive yellow-2 which was decolorized up to 57.4%. Furthermore, the bacterium reduced Cr(VI) by 41 to 95% along with concurrent decolorization of RR120. This bacterium was also found to carry plant growth promoting traits including inorganic phosphate solubilization (497.6 ± 14.8 µg mL-1 ) and indole-3-acetic acid production (21.07 ± 0.9 µg mL-1 ). A phytotoxicity evaluation study indicated that irrigation of mung bean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] with RR120, Cr(VI) and RR120+Cr(VI) contaminated waters treated with the strain WS-D/183 enhanced germination along with plumule and radical length of seedlings. Results suggested that Pseudomonas sp. WS-D/183 is a valuable addition to the bioresources, which can be used to devise textile wastewater treatment strategies as well as for integrated bioremediation and plant growth promotion in agricultural soils contaminated with textile wastewaters. © 2020 Friends Science Publishers

Water purification from heavy metal ions by nano-sized Fe0/kaolinite composites

We have investigated the physicochemical features of the purification of wastewater that are complex on its content and include a mixture of heavy metal ions (Cu(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), Co(II), Cr(VI)). The phase of a composition and structural-sorption characteristics of synthesized nano-sized Fe0/kaolinite composites were studied. It was found that the obtained materials have much better sorption properties for the extraction of heavy metals from aqueous solutions in comparison with natural kaolinite. Calculations of sorption isotherms according to the Freundlich equation are done. Based on isotherms, the average values of specific sorption per unit of an active surface of the mineral at the content of heavy metal ions in the initial solutions of 300 μmol/dm3 were determined. They range from 0.42 to 17.1 μmol/g for Cr(VI) to Cu(II) ions. It has also been found that similar values for the modified samples are much larger and range from 13.8 to 80.27 μmol/g for ions from Cr(VI) to Cu(II). It is shown that composite sorbents based on nano-sized zero-valent iron and dispersed kaolinite silicate are effective sorbent materials for the purification of water contaminated with toxic heavy metal ions that are commonly found in wastewater of the galvanic and hydrometallurgical industries.

Treatment of Wastewater Containing a Mixture of Heavy Metal Ions (Copper-Zinc, Copper-Nickel) using Ion-Exchange Methods

Treatment of Wastewater Containing a Mixture of Heavy Metal Ions (Copper-Zinc, Copper-Nickel) using Ion-Exchange Methods

Studies on the Adsorption of Pb (II) and Zn (II) as Binary Mixtures from Industrial Effluents

The present work focuses on the adsorptive removal of mixtures of heavy-metal ions present in industrial effluents, using modified bio-sorbent prepared from Desmostachya bipinnata (MDB). The prepared biosorbent was characterized by SEM, DRFTIR, Elemental analyzer, XRD, Boem titration and point of zero charge, showing modificatios on the surface of the biosorbent. The adsorption behavior of two different metals, Pb (II) and Zn (II), indicated regular patterns of adsorption. Their adsorption behavior as binary mixtures was evaluated, which showed the interference of one metal ions with another, thereby reducing the adsorption capacities of both metal ions. Even though there is interference between two different metal ions, the modified biosorbent proved quite efficient in removing complex mixtures of heavy metal ions from industrial effulents

Reusable resistive aptasensor for Pb(II)based onthe Pb(II)-induced despiralization of a DNA duplex and formation of a G-quadruplex.

The article describes a reusable biosensor for Pb(II) ions. A duplex DNA with a terminal amino group andcontaining a G-quadruplex (G4) aptamer was covalently conjugated to single walled carbon nanotubes on a field effect transistor (FET). The detection scheme is based on the despiralization of the DNA duplex because Pb(II) can induce the G4 aptamer to form a stabilizing G4/Pb(II) complex. This structural change affects the electrical conductivity of SWNTs which serves as the analytical signal. The biosensor was characterized via scanning electron microscopy, Raman, UV-vis, and voltage-current profiles. Under optimized conditions, the relative resistance at 0.02V increases linearly with the logarithm of the Pb(II) concentration in the range from 1ng·L-1 to 100μg·L-1, and the limit of detection is 0.39ng·L-1. Compared to other sensors, this oner demonstrates superior simplicity, sensitivity, and selectivity even in mixtures of heavy metal ions. It was applied to the determination of Pb(II) in (spiked) water and soil samples and gave good results. Graphical abstract Schematic of the fabrication a biosensor for Pb(II).It is making use of anSWNT-based FET, G4-DNA and complementaryDNA with anamino group. Pb(II) can despiralize the DNA duplexto form a G-quadruplexwhich affects the electrical conductivity of SWNTs. After each detection, the single complementary strandDNA can rebind the G4-DNA, which makes the biosensor reusable.

Efficiency estimation of cation-exchange recovery of heavy metals from solutions containing their mixtures

The object of research is the washing waste water of galvanic plants containing heavy metal cations. The most common reagent methods for purification of galvanic drains do not provide the required degree of water purification, are accompanied by the loss of valuable components and the formation of significant amounts of toxic sludge. Ion exchange is promising in development of wastewater treatment of galvanic productions. One of the most important problems of ion-exchange technology is the processes of regeneration of ion exchangers, and, in particular, the recycling of spent regeneration solutions. The most promising in the recovery of regeneration solutions is the electrochemical method. However, electroextraction of zinc and nickel is practically impossible from acidic solutions without separation of the electrode space by the membrane. In addition, effluents from the galvanic industry contain mixtures of heavy metal ions. This complicates the process of wastewater treatment and the return of valuable components to production. In the course of the study, a strongly acidic cation exchanger KU-2-8 in the Na + -form is used to study the processes of combined sorption of heavy metal ions. Regeneration of the cation exchanger is carried out with solutions of sulfuric and hydrochloric acids. Electroextraction of zinc and nickel from acid regeneration solutions is carried out in a two-cell electrolyzer with an anion-exchange membrane MA 41. The obtained results indicate that under conditions of the concentration of heavy metals on cation exchanger KU-2-8, efficient separation can’t be achieved. It is established that ions of heavy metals are sorbed individually and in mixtures with other ions of heavy metals are effectively desorbed by solutions of sulfuric and hydrochloric acids. The use of a two-cell electrolyzer, in contrast to carrying out electrolysis processes without separation of the electrode space, almost completely eliminates zinc and nickel ions from acidic regenerative rods. And to obtain a solution of sulfuric acid in the anode chamber at a concentration of 239–651 meq/dm 3 .

Effect of different copper salts on the electrochemical determination of Cu(II) by the application of the graphene oxide-modified glassy carbon electrode

In this study, graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles were synthesized by Hummers method and characterized Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. Then, glassy carbon electrode surfaces were modified with synthesized and characterized graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (red-GO) using physical immobilization. Bare and modified surfaces were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Application of graphene oxide (GO/GC) and reduced graphene oxide-modified glassy carbon (red-GO/GC) surfaces for the electrochemical determination of copper(II) using different copper salts such as CuSO4·5H2O, Cu(NO3)2·3H2O and CuCI2 were performed by differential pulse voltammetry. The GO/GC surface was found to be suitable for selective determination of Cu(II) in the solutions containing the mixture of heavy metal ions (Zn(II), Pb(II), Cd(II), Fe(III) and Mn(II)) and showed high stability and reproducibility. The GO/GC surface was treated with CuSO4·5H2O, Cu(NO3)2·3H2O and CuCI2 salts solution in optimum conditions and afterward SEM images were measured 10 µm in size and radius of these ions in Cu(II)/GO/GC surfaces. Thus the determination of copper ions on the GO/GC surface was made for the first time by comparing the effect of the types of copper salts. When it was evaluated in terms of inorganic theory, the results were found to be in harmony.

Ionic Imprinting Polymers Using Diallylaminomethyl-Calix[4] Resorcinarene Host for the Recognition of Pb (II) Ions

A novel ion-imprinted microspheres of copolymerized diallylaminomethyl-calix [4] resorcinarene and divinylbenzene were prepared through precipitation polymerization. These microspheres were used for the adsorption experiments of Pb (II) ions mixture solution containing Pb (II), Ni (II) and Cu (II). The selective complexion towards Pb (II) ions was examined. The adsorption was conducted in batches by investigating the effects of pH and initial concentration of a heavy metal solution. The adsorption of Pb (II) metal ions on the adsorbents had the optimum pH rating in region of 6. For single ion system, the imprinted polymer showed that the adsorption capacity of Pb (II) metal ions was 64 mg/g, while for Cu (II and Ni (II) were 24 mg/g and 8 mg/g, respectively. Competitive extraction experiments in the presence of Cu (II) and Ni (II) ions were also carried out and high selectivity of the imprinted polymer adsorbents towards Pb (II) over Cu (II) and Ni (II) was found. In ternary mixture of heavy metal ions, the imprinted polymer showed effective adsorption to Pb (II) obeying Langmuir isotherm. The outstanding adsorption abilities for Pb (II) metal ion have exhibited good prospects for disposal application of polluted water and environmental protection.

Ionic Imprinted Calix[4]resorcinarene Host for Pb(II) Adsorbent Using Diallylaminomethyl–Calix[4]resorcinarene Copolymer

Abstract Novel imprinted calix[4]resorcinarene host diallylaminomethyl–calix[4]resorcinarene was developed and copolymerized with divinylbenzene for selective extraction of Pb(II). In ternary mixture of heavy metal ions, the imprinted polymer showed effective adsorption to Pb(II) obeying the Langmuir isotherm.