Mixture Of Sodium Bicarbonate Research Articles

ИЗУЧЕНИЕ СТРУКТУРЫ ПОВЕРХНОСТИ ЭМАЛИ ЗУБОВ ПОСЛЕ ОБРАБОТКИ ВОЗДУШНО-ПОРОШКОВЫМИ СИСТЕМАМИ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ ПОКОЛЕНИЙ

Subject. Today, there are many different air-powder systems (APS) for professional oral hygiene (PAH). The problem of selecting a powder for performing PPGP is still relevant. Objectives. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of different air-powder systems on the structure of tooth enamel. Matodology. The study consisted of 2 parts: experimental and clinical-laboratory. The experimental part of the study consisted in the allocation of experimental groups, their subsequent processing depending on the active component of the UPP (sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate, their mixture, glycine, trehalose) and study by scanning electron microscopy. Clinical and laboratory research is aimed at studying the time spent on the removal of soft pigmented plaque; the degree of cleaning of the tooth surface; the amount of powder required to perform PGPR; as well as the atomization of powder during the procedure; the traumatic effect of these systems on the structure of tooth enamel by interpreting the index of tooth sensitivity of L.Yu. Orekhova – S.B. Ulitovsky (TS-O-U index, %); and studying the average linear (Vas) velocity of blood flow in periodontal tissues using the method of Doppler ultrasound. Results. Powders with a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and calcium carbonate have the greatest damaging effect on tooth enamel structure, and powders with trehalose and glycine have the least damaging effect. On the basis of clinical study it was revealed that powders based on trehalose and glycine have less damaging effect both on tooth enamel and periodontal tissues, which is confirmed by the index of tooth sensitivity of L.Yu. Orekhova – S.B. Ulitovsky and the results of ultrasound Dopplerography. Conclusions. The conducted research allows recommending therapeutic dentists, periodontists, as well as dental hygienists to use glycine- and trehalose-based UPDs in their clinical practice due to their effective, safe and ergonomic use.

Field efficacy of Gliding Arc Plasma Activated Water and natural products on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) late blight [Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary] severity

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the field efficacy of plasma-activated water (PAW) as a novel technology in agriculture together with vinegar, sodium bicarbonate, and plant aqueous extracts against tomato late blight in a complete randomised block design. Ten treatments were evaluated: Plasma activated water (PAW), a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and vinegar at different ratios (25/75, 50/50 and 75/25) and different mixtures of aqueous plant extracts made up of ten plants: Ageratum conyzoides, Eucalyptus saligna, Azadirachta indica, Panax quinquefolius, Callistemon viminalis, Euphorbia hirta, E. cordifolia Laggera pterodonta, Ocimum gratissimum and avocado pit powder. Plantizeb and distilled water were used as positive and negative controls, respectively. There was a significant difference (p < 0.05) in the growth variables between treatments at 10 weeks after transplanting (WAT). All the treatments reduced late blight severity compared to the negative control (100 %) at 10 WAT. Late blight severity on plants treated with Plantizeb, PAW, the mixture of bicarbonate and vinegar (B+V) at 50/50 (33.24 %) and the mixture of E. hirta + E. cordifolia extract (33.33 %) was the lowest and significantly comparable (p < 0.05) to Plantizeb (31.67 %). Tomato yield was 2.24 t/ha (negative control), 28.56 t/ha (Plantizeb), 27.23 t/ha (PAW), 30.32 t / ha (B+V at 50/50), and 27.69 t/ha (mixture of the aqueous extract of E. hirta + E. cordifolia). The PAW, the mixtures between B+V at 50/50, and the aqueous extract of E. hirta and E. cordifolia could be exploited for their bioactivity in late blight management in field conditions.

Activation behavior of the novel CO2 foaming agent for mining on fly ash

Although there have been many research results on the chemical activation of fly ash (FA) as a supplementary cementitious material (SCM) in cementitious materials. However, there is a lack of research on the use of CO2 foaming agent (sodium bicarbonate and potassium aluminum sulfate) to activate fly ash. In this experiment, the effects of CO2 foaming agent, sodium bicarbonate, and potassium aluminum sulfate on the activity of FA mixed paste were investigated. The mechanism of FA activation by activator was revealed by selective acid dissolution, QXRD, BSE-EDS statistical analysis, and quantitative analysis of TGA. The results showed that the remaining fly ash amounts of MG, SBG, and PASG after 28 days were 17.5%, 25.9%, and 43.3% lower than those of the control group, respectively. In addition, potassium aluminium sulphate promoted hydration to generate more CH to activate the FA. Sodium bicarbonate promoted hydration and produces more CH to activate FA by generating nano-CaCO3. The mixture of sodium bicarbonate and potassium aluminum sulfate took advantage of both nano-CaCO3 and potassium aluminum sulfate to promote silicate hydration to provide CH. As a result, the two synergistically activate FA. The above results show that CO2 foaming agents can be used not only as foaming agents to prepare lightweight materials, but also as chemical activators to activate solid waste. This will have a high practical application value.

HPLC with Post-Column Derivatization with Alizarin for Determination of OATD-02, an Anticancer Arginase Inhibitor in Clinical Development

The aim of this study was to develop an analytical method for selective determination of OATD-02 by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with post-column derivatization and fluorescence detection (FLD). OATD-02, a new boronic acid derivative, is a highly potent anticancer arginase inhibitor in clinical development. Chromatographic analysis of OATD-02 poses problems because this molecule has weak ultraviolet absorption. The derivatization reaction was based on the reaction between boronic acid from OATD-02 and alizarin solution. The optimized mobile phase consisted of a mixture of sodium bicarbonate in water and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.50 mL/min. Alizarin solution in methanol was delivered at a flow rate of 0.50 mL/min. The fluorescent complexes were detected by a fluorescence detector (excitation and emission wavelengths at 470 and 580 nm, respectively). The present method demonstrated proper values for selectivity, linearity, recovery (>99%), precision (RSD: 0.6%), sensitivity (LOD: 20 µg/mL and LOQ: 50 µg/mL), stability of solutions, and robustness.

The Effect of Magnesium Hydroxide Addition on the Extinguishing Efficiency of Sodium Bicarbonate Powders.

This article analyzes the possibility of the modification of BC powder (a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and calcium carbonate) with magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)2). Extinguishing efficiency as well as the influence of this additive on other physicochemical properties were determined by performing a 13B fire test, rheological measurements of the powders, thermal tests (thermogravimetry (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in combination with quadrupole mass spectrometry (QMS)) and microscopic observations of the powders’ surface (scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS)). It was found that the increase of the Mg(OH)2 content causes deterioration of the rheological properties by increasing the slope angle of the flow curve in relation to the normal stress (the tangent of the flow curve slope varying from 0.258 for 5% of Mg(OH)2 up to 0.330 for 20% of Mg(OH)2). However, at the same time, the increased content of Mg(OH)2 increases the total energy of the chemical decomposition reaction (from −47.27 J/g for 5% of Mg(OH)2 up to −213.6 J/g for 20% of Mg(OH)2) resulting in the desirable higher level of heat removal from the fire. The initial extinguishing effect of the fire becomes more effective as the hydroxide content increases (within the first 2 s), but at a later stage (from t = 63 s), the temperature is no longer sufficient (it is below 350 °C) for thermal decomposition of Mg(OH)2. As such, the optimal content of Mg(OH)2 is 10–15%. The obtained results allowed for the assessment of the impact of individual powder components on its extinguishing effect and will contribute to the development of science in the field of developing new types of extinguishing powders.

A new material with low density and low thermal conductivity using post-consumer Tetra Pak packages

This paper shows the process for making a solid foam from post-consumer Tetra Pak packages at the laboratory level. We have found that it is relatively simple to include the gas phase using an endothermic foaming agent consisting of a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and sodium citrate. We performed the manufacturing by removing the entire paperboard from the container and using a 5% foaming agent through compression molding with hot plates. We achieved an expansion of twice the initial volume and a thermal conductivity of 0.2572 W/mK, which is lower than that of polyethylene 0.33 W/mK, a constituent of lower conductivity within the composite. Thus, we can use the resulting material in the construction industry and the automotive industry that requires low density and low thermal conductivity materials. The developed material is low cost and generates new applications for Tetra Pak waste, which could become an essential point in the packaging recycling chain, thus minimizing its environmental impact.

Injection Site Pain, Onset and Duration of Action of Botulinum Toxin Reconstituted in Normal Saline With and Without Sodium Bicarbonate: A Prospective, Single Center, Randomized, Double-Blind Interventional Study.

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate the effects of botulinum toxin type A injections diluted with the mixture of sodium bicarbonate and normal saline on pain reduction, onset of action, and duration of action. Methods: This is a prospective, randomized, double-blind clinical study, which included 30 female patients (age >25). The patients were randomized to receive botulinum toxin injections diluted with normal saline and sodium bicarbonate on one side of the face and saline control injections on the other side. Pain severity was assessed using visual analogue scale. The onset and duration of action were recorded according to the patients' subjective opinions after 1 week and 3 months, respectively. Results: Lower pain intensity ratings were observed when botulinum toxin was diluted with 0.05 and 0.1 mL of sodium bicarbonate as compared to saline. Regarding the onset of action, the botulinum toxin injections diluted with saline and 0.1-mL sodium bicarbonate side showed faster response in many patients than other dilutions (P < .001). Both the 0.05-mL and 0.1-mL sodium bicarbonate concentrations showed longer duration effects on patients than other concentrations. Conclusion: The use of sodium bicarbonate and saline in a mixture for the dilution of botulinum toxin can decrease patients' discomfort and provide a faster action with longer duration effects.

Organic fertilization and alternative products in the control of powdery mildew

Abstract Rose is a plant of high nutritional requirement, susceptible to powdery mildew disease caused by fungus Oidium leucoconium, which causes leaf fall and losses in flower production. The objective of this study was to evaluate powdery mildew severity in rose cultivar ‘Grand Gala’ in response to organic fertilization and the application of alternative products to disease control. The first experiment was set in a factorial arrangement, with 5 alternative products: spraying with water as a control (PA), lime sulfur (CS), neem oil (ON), mixture of sodium bicarbonate and canola oil (BC) and coffee pyroligneous acid (APC) and 2 organic fertilizers: chicken manure (EA) and biofertilizer based on banana stalk (B). Disease severity was assessed at 0, 15, 30 and 45 days after the treatments. In the second experiment, asymptomatic leaves or with different powdery mildew severity levels were sprayed only once with the same alternative products mentioned above. Severity was assessed at 0, 7 and 14 days. The organic fertilizations did not influence the reduction in powdery mildew severity in rose. At 45 days, APC yielded a greater reduction in disease severity (81.6%), followed by treatments based on BC, ON and CS. Greater reduction in disease severity in experiment 2 occurred in the treatments of BC and CS, followed by APC. Therefore, it is possible to conclude that APC and the BC have the potential to control rose powdery mildew in an organic cultivation system.

Formulation Development and Evaluation of Direct compressed Cefpodoxime proxetil Effervescent Tablets

Cefpodoxime proxetil is an orally administered, extended spectrum, semi-synthetic antibiotic of the cephalosporin class. It belongs to BCS class IV drugs and has a limited aqueous solubility of 0.4 mg/ml. Hence the present aim of the study is to enhance the solubility of Cefpodoxime proxetil through complexation with HP-s-cyclodextrin. Binary mixture of sodium bicarbonate and citric acid to be used as effervescent materials. The disintegration to be further enhanced using superdisintegrants such as croscarmellose sodium, sodium starchglycolate and polacrilin K. Seven such formulations were prepared with varying composition and proportion of superdisintegrants. All formulations indicated a fair weight variation with in the pharmacopoeial limit. The result varies from ±1.23% to ±3.58% against ±5%. Thickness range was determined between 4mm - 4.2mm. Hardness test result revealed a good strength of more than 4.5 kg/cm2 in every tablet. The percent friability was found within the specification. All formulation took fair time for completion of effervescence except F1 that don’t contain any superdisintegrant. Drug content of all formulations were found to be excellent with more than 98%. Formulation F7 showed excellent effervescent time as compare to other formulation. It showed a consistent drug release with more than 80 % drug released in just 30 minutes. In the FTIR spectra, presence of all significant peaks of drug and absence of any new peak in the formulations revealed that there was no interaction of drug with the excipients. Hence the present study could be an excellent approach to the delivery of the poorly soluble Cefpodoxime proxetil as effervescent tablet.

Using magnetic core-shell nanoparticles coated with an ionic liquid dispersion assisted by effervescence powder for the micro-solid-phase extraction of four beta blockers from human plasma by ultra high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry detection.

In this work, a novel, efficient, and green sorbent, SiO2 @Fe3 O4 has been created and functionalized with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate as an ionic liquid. This sorbent was applied for microextraction of four beta blockers, propranolol, metoprolol, atenolol, and alprenolol with bupivacaine as internal standard from human plasma followed by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometric detection. A mixture of sodium bicarbonate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate was used as an extractant dispersive agent (effervescent power) to enhance the interaction between the magnetic sorbent and analytes. Main affecting parameters on microextraction and elution were optimized. Figures of merit for dispersive solid phase extraction with ionic liquid coated magnetic nanoparticles assisted by effervescent powder were calculated under the optimized conditions. The detection limits for propranolol, metoprolol, atenolol, and alprenolol were found at 0.33, 0.62, 0.03, and 0.44ng/mL, respectively. For all analytes, good linearity was obtained. Intra- (n=5) and interday (n=10) precision were both under 6.3% while the preconcentration factors were obtained in the range between 15-18. The extraction efficiencies for each analyte ranged from 75 to 91%. The method was successfully applied for determination of trace amounts of the beta blockers in human plasma samples.

Comparative Diminution of Patulin Content in Apple Juice With Food-Grade Additives Sodium Bicarbonate, Vinegar, Mixture of Sodium Bicarbonate and Vinegar, Citric Acid, Baking Powder, and Ultraviolet Irradiation.

This study aimed to determine an optimal method for patulin (PAT) reduction for application in apple juice production. PAT levels in spiked apple juice (100 μg/L) were measured after treatment with citric acid, sodium bicarbonate, vinegar, mixture of sodium bicarbonate and vinegar, baking powder, and ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Treatments with sodium bicarbonate and UV irradiation were most effective in reducing PAT; however, UV irradiation reduced the yellowness (b∗) of apple juice. However, sodium bicarbonate treatment affected quality attributes including soluble solids, pH, and color of apple juice. The color and odor of apple juice treated with sodium bicarbonate could be recovered via addition of citric acid. The present results suggest that sodium bicarbonate could be considered an additive in apple juice for PAT reduction.

Simple method for increasing drug elution from polymethylmethacrylate bone cement.

This study aims to investigate the effects of the use of citric acid and sodium bicarbonate mixture as an effervescent in polymethylmethacrylate bone cement in terms of better drug elution. Multiple cylinder cement blocks each containing 10 g of glucose and different amounts of effervescent (E), with different numbers of pieces (P), surface areas, volumes, and porosities were prepared. Physical properties of all blocks were calculated. Blocks were placed in jars containing saline solutions and the released glucose concentrations were measured at predefined intervals. Correlations between elution rate and physical properties were defined. Elution rates were significantly higher in samples with effervescent. At the end of 45th day, E0P1 released mean 21% of its glucose content. This value was 38%, 61%, 82% and 88% for E0P2, E0P4, E2P1 and E4P1, respectively. Strong correlations were detected between water absorption ratio, surface areas, porosity and glucose elution rates (r=0.942, p<0.01; r=0.894, p<0.05; r=0.918, p<0.05). Using sodium bicarbonate and citric acid as effervescent in bone cement provides satisfactory porosity development for better antibiotic elution. This method may be useful when a monolithic spacer and better local antibiotic elution are required.

Effect of directly compressible excipient and treated agar on drug release of clopidogrel oral disintegrating tablets.

In the present investigation, oral dissolving/dispersible/disintegrating tablets (ODTs) of clopidogrel were designed with a view to enhance the bioavailability and patient compliance by two different methods, namely, direct compression and effervescent methods using directly compressible excipient and treated agar (TAG). In the direct compression method, TAG was used as a disintegrant and another method used a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and tartaric acid along with TAG as disintegrants. Among the directly compressed tablets, treated agar formulation 3 and among the effervescent tablets, treated agar and effervescent formulation 4 was found to be promising. Treated agar formulation 3 prepared by direct compression method emerged as an overall best formulation based on the in vitro drug release characteristics.

Design and in vitro/in vivo evaluation of sustained-release floating tablets of itopride hydrochloride.

PurposeThe aim of the present study was to improve the bioavailability of itopride (ITO) and sustain its action by formulating as a floating dosage form.Materials and methodsSustained-release floating tablets of ITO hydrochloride (HCl) were prepared by direct compression using different hydrocolloid polymers such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and ethylcellulose and/or methacrylic acid polymers Eudragit RSPM and Carbopol 934P. The floating property was achieved using an effervescent mixture of sodium bicarbonate and anhydrous citric acid (1:1 mol/mol). Hardness, friability, content uniformity, and dissolution rate of the prepared floating tablets were evaluated. The formulation F10 composed of 28.5% Eudragit RSPM, 3% NaHCO3, and 7% citric acid provided sustained drug release.ResultsIn vitro results showed sustained release of F10 where the drug release percentage was 96.51%±1.75% after 24 hours (P=0.031). The pharmacokinetic results indicated that the area under the curve (AUC0–∞) of the prepared sustained-release floating tablets at infinity achieved 93.69 µg·h/mL compared to 49.89 µg·h/mL for the reference formulation (Ganaton®) and the relative bioavailability of the sustained-release formulation F10 increased to 187.80% (P=0.022).ConclusionThe prepared floating tablets of ITO HCl (F10) could be a promising drug delivery system with sustained-release action and enhanced drug bioavailability.

Design and development of simvastatin gas powered system for controlled release

Simvastatin is a Hypolipidemic used to control elevated cholesterol, or hypercholesterolemia. The primary uses of simvastatin are for the treatment of dyslipidemia and the prevention of cardiovascular disease. Gas powered Floating tablets of Simvastatin were developed by direct compression method using different grades of HPMC, Carbopol, ethyl cellulose, sodium CMC, sodium alginate, mixture of sodium bicarbonate, citric acid anhydrous as gas generating agents, Citric acid was also used as an antioxidant. The results of Pre-compressional parameters were within I.P prescribed limits. The prepared tablets were subjected to post compression analysis for the parameters such as hardness, friability, weight variation, thickness, diameter, drug content, lag time subsequently buoyancy time, and in-vitro dissolution studies. Tablets of all the formulation floated more than 12hrs. The results of in vitro buoyancy time and lag time study revealed that as the concentration of sodium bicarbonate increases there is increase in total buoyancy time and decrease in lag time. The results of dissolution study reveals that, a decrease in release rate of the drug was observed on increasing the polymer ratio and also by increasing the viscosity grades of the polymer. In all the formulations, hardness test indicated good mechanical strength, friability is less than 1%, indicated that tablets had a good mechanical resistance. DSC and FT-IR studies revealed that, there was no incompatibility of the drug with the excipients used. The stability study conducted as per the ICH guidelines and the formulations were found to be stable. From this study, it can be concluded that, the formulation retained for longer periods of time in the stomach and provides controlled release of the drug and may improved bioavailability.

IN VITRO AND IN VIVO EVALUATION OF THE GASTRORETENTIVE FLOATING DOSAGE FORM

The aim of the present investigation was to develop and optimize gastro retentive floating system of Pantoprazole f or the efficient treatment of acid related disorders and H. Pylori infections. Floating tablets were developed using central composite design (CCD), and optimization was done by employing resp onse surface methodology . The floating tablets were prepared wit h HPMC K 4 M/Ethyl cellulose and natural seed polymer of Delonix regia by wet granulation technique. Buoyancy was achieved by adding an effervescent mixture of sodium bicarbonate and anhydrous citric acid. The Optim ized formulation (BS 3 ) showed no significan t change in physical appearance, drug content, total buoyancy time, or in vitro dissolution pattern after storage at 40°C/75 % relative humidity for 1 month. The best formulation was selected based on in vitro characteristics and was used for the in vivo r adiographi c studies by incorporating BaSO 4 . Evaluation of Gastric retention using x - Ray imaging studies were performed on rabbit to justify the increased gastric residence time of the dosage form in the stomach, based on the floating principle. Further the floating tablets were evaluated for its antiulcer activity in Male wristar rats by ethanol induced ulcer in comparison with standard. The floating formulation shows excellent buoyancy and better gastric cytoprotection when compare d with standard drug.

English

PURPOSE: To compare the safety, efficacy and cost effectiveness of sodium-bicarbonate mixed anesthetic mixture with hyaluronidase mixed mixture in peribulbar anesthesia for cataract surgery. MATERIAL AND METHOD: This prospective study was conducted on 50 patients admitted for cataract surgery in Department of Ophthalmology, U. P. Rural Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Saifai, Etawah. They were randomly and equally divided into two groups and received one of the anesthetic mixtures for peribulbar anesthesia. RESULTS: Results were analyzed according to systemic effects (blood pressure, pulse rate), local effects (conjunctival congestion, chemosis, lid edema, and intraocular pressure), time of onset of anesthesia, and its duration and cost burden. CONCLUSION: The study implied that there is clear picture which could be seen that sodium bicarbonate mixture is equally safe, equally effective and less costly as compared to hyaluronidase

Effects of various ion solutions on phosphorus adsorption in the sediments of a water body that originated from agricultural land subsidence and submergence caused by coal mining activities

ABSTRACT Extensive subsidence and submergence of agricultural land has been caused by coal mining activities in the Huainan Coal Mine Area, China. Considering the site-specific regional water chemistry, we investigated the influence of ion solutions on phosphorus (P) adsorption behavior in the sediments of a 20-year-old body of water. The P isothermal adsorption was measured in four different types of ion solutions, prepared through additions of sodium chloride (NaCl), calcium chloride (CaCl2), sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3), a mixture of sodium bicarbonate and calcium chloride (NaHCO3 + CaCl2), and ultra pure water (deionized water with specific resistivity reaching the value of 18 MΩ cm) as a control. The sediments parameters analyzed included P-fractions, organic matter (OM), iron oxides, clay, and others, with the aim of analyzing their individual effects on P adsorption. Cationic calcium (Ca2+) was to found to enhance P adsorption ability, while a weakly alkaline environment (simulated through NaHCO3 ad...

Development and evaluation of glipizide floating tablet

The purpose of this research was to develop a novel gastroretentive drug delivery system based on effervescent technology for controlled delivery of active agent. Glipizide, a poorly soluble drug has been used as a model drug and an attempt has been made to improve the solubility of drug by the incorporation of accelerating agents, such as dispersant, alkalizing agent in conjunction with hydrophilic swellable polymer such as hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and present it in the form of gastroretentive floating tablets, which are designed to provide the desired controlled and complete release of drug for a prolonged period of time. Floating tablets were prepared by direct compression method. Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC K15M, HPMC K100M) and Carbopol 940P were incorporated for gelforming properties. Buoyancy was achieved by adding an effervescent mixture of sodium bicarbonate and anhydrous citric acid. The optimized formulation (F7) exhibited 98.60 % drug release in 24 h, while the buoyancy lag time was 140 s. In vitro drug release kinetics were found to follow both the zero order and the Korsmeyer and Peppas equation. The release of glipizide from the formulations was found to be non-Fickian type. Evaluation of gastric retention using X-ray imaging studies were performed on rabbit to justify the increased gastric residence time of the dosage form in the stomach, based on the floating principle. Optimized formulation (F7) showed no significant change in physical appearance, drug content, total buoyancy time, or in vitro dissolution pattern after storage at 40 °C/75 % relative humidity for 1 month.

Development and Evaluation of Gastroretentive Floating Tablets of Glipizide Based on Effervescent Technology

The purpose of this research was to develop a novel gastroretentive drug delivery system based on effervescent technology for controlled delivery of active agent. Glipizide, a poorly soluble drug has been used as a model drug and an attempt has been made to improve the solubility of drug by the incorporation of accelerating agents, such as dispersant, alkalising agent in conjunction with hydrophilic swellable polymer such as hydroxypropylmethylcellulose and present it in the form of gastroretentive floating tablets, which are designed to provide the desired controlled and complete release of drug for prolonged period of time. Floating tablets were prepared by direct compression method. Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC K15M, HPMC K100M), Carbopol 940P, were incorporated for gelforming properties. Buoyancy was achieved by adding an effervescent mixture of sodium bicarbonate and anhydrous citric acid. The optimized formulation (F7) exhibited 98.60% drug release in 24 hrs, while the buoyancy lag time was 140sec. In-vitro drug release kinetics was found to follow both the Zero order and the Korsmeyer and Peppas equation (Table 7). The release of glipizide from the formulations was found to be non-fickian type. Evaluation of Gastric Retention Using X-Ray Imaging studies were performed on rabbit to justify the increased gastric residence time of the dosage form in the stomach, based on the floating principle. Optimized formulation (F7) showed no significant change in physical appearance, drug content, total buoyancy time, or in vitro dissolution pattern after storage at 40°C/75% (Figure 5) relative humidity for 1 month.