Mixed Reaction Research Articles

CONCLUSION ON THE CONSTITUTIONALITY OF THE ISTANBUL CONVENTION OF THE LITHUANIAN CONSTITUTIONAL COURT: CONTEXT, REASONING, AND LEGAL CONSEQUENCES

Background: On 14 March 2024, the Lithuanian Constitutional Court issued a conclusion on the constitutionality of certain provisions of the Istanbul Convention, becoming the fourth constitutional court in Eastern and Central Europe to rule on this issue. Thus, this conclusion reflects a broader trend in the region. This article aims to analyse this conclusion and reveal its similarities and differences with decisions made by other constitutional courts in the region on the same matter. To achieve this goal, the following objectives are addressed: 1) to reveal the context in which the Lithuanian Parliament submitted an inquiry to the Constitutional Court on the constitutionality of the Convention and the issues raised in this inquiry; 2) to analyse the arguments of the Lithuanian Constitutional Court in this conclusion; and 3) to reveal the legal consequences of this conclusion and the possible impact of this conclusion on the ratification of this treaty in Lithuania. These issues are examined in the broader context of the judgments of other constitutional courts in the region on the constitutionality of the Istanbul Convention. Methods: To explore the theoretical and practical dimensions of the issue at hand, this article utilises a variety of methods. The document content analysis method was employed to examine relevant normative and jurisprudential research sources, focusing on identifying key terms and phrases within the text and linking them to existing statements in specialised literature. The paper relied heavily on systemic and logical analysis to examine nearly all issues discussed in the article. Comparative analysis was employed to compare the decisions of the constitutional courts on the constitutionality of the Istanbul Convention of other Eastern and Central European countries and the conclusion on this issue adopted by the Lithuanian Constitutional Court. The linguistic and teleological analysis methods were employed to clarify the content of provisions of the legal acts examined in this article, uncovering the true intentions of the creators of these provisions and the meaning of the concepts within these provisions. Results and conclusions: The article concludes that the Lithuanian Parliament's inquiry to the Lithuanian Constitutional Court regarding the constitutionality of the Istanbul Convention reflects a general trend in Eastern and Central Europe, as the Lithuanian Constitutional Court has been asked to address the constitutionality of essentially the same provisions of the Convention as other constitutional courts of the region. In assessing the constitutionality of the Convention's provisions, the Lithuanian Constitutional Court, like the constitutional courts of Latvia and Moldova, focused on the Convention's objective – eradicating violence against women and domestic violence by promoting gender equality. This approach has led to a similarity in the reasoning of these courts. The Lithuanian Constitutional Court became the third constitutional court in the region, which, like those in Latvia and Moldova, did not find the provisions of the Convention unconstitutional. The conclusion of the Lithuanian Constitutional Court has been met with mixed reactions in society, political, and academic circles; therefore, even after the conclusion regarding the constitutionality of the Istanbul Convention, this international treaty has still not been ratified in Lithuania. Nevertheless, the Constitutional Court is the only institution with the power to assess the compatibility of this international treaty with the constitutional provisions, so Parliament can no longer rely on the argument that this Convention is incompatible with the Constitution.

Inertia-induced mixing and reaction maximization in laminar porous media flows

Solute transport and biogeochemical reactions in porous and fractured media flows are controlled by mixing, as are subsurface engineering operations such as contaminant remediation, geothermal energy production, and carbon sequestration. Porous media flows are generally regarded as slow, so the effects of fluid inertia on mixing and reaction are typically ignored. Here, we demonstrate through microfluidic experiments and numerical simulations of mixing-induced reaction that inertial recirculating flows readily emerge in laminar porous media flows and dramatically alter mixing and reaction dynamics. An optimal Reynolds number that maximizes the reaction rate is observed for individual pore throats of different sizes. This reaction maximization is attributed to the effects of recirculation flows on reactant availability, mixing, and reaction completion, which depend on the topology of recirculation relative to the boundary of the reactants or mixing interface. Recirculation enhances mixing and reactant availability, but a further increase in flow velocity reduces the residence time in recirculation, leading to a decrease in reaction rate. The reaction maximization is also confirmed in a flow channel with grain inclusions and randomized porous media. Interestingly, the domain-wide reaction rate shows a dramatic increase with increasing Re in the randomized porous media case. This is because fluid inertia induces complex three-dimensional flows in randomized porous media, which significantly increases transverse spreading and mixing. This study shows how inertial flows control reaction dynamics at the pore scale and beyond, thus having major implications for a wide range of environmental systems.

Observing Mixed Chemical Reactions at the Positive Electrode in the High-Performance Self-Powered Electrochemical Humidity Sensor.

Electrochemical humidity (ECH) sensors that integrate power generation and humidity sensing have attracted great research attention in recent years. However, the design of high-performance ECH sensors faces many challenges. Namely, the working mechanism of the ECH sensors is still controversial, and related self-powered applications have not been well implemented. To overcome these limitations, this study constructs an ECH sensor with high power-generation and humidity-sensing performance using the KCl/carbon black/halloysite nanotubes (KCl/CB/HNTs) as a humidity-sensing electrolyte. The proposed ECH sensor has a wide humidity-sensing response of 10.9%-91.5% relative humidity (RH), and a single ECH sensor can output 1.46 V with a maximum power of 133.2 μW at 91.5% RH. Particularly, the unprecedented mixed chemical reactions at the positive electrode, including the hydrogen evolution reaction and oxygen reduction reaction, are analyzed using multiple characterization and testing techniques. The analysis results provide solid experimental evidence for the current controversial working mechanism of ECH sensors. Due to the advantage of high-power generation, the proposed ECH sensor can be used for self-powered humidity detection. This study provides a valuable reference for improving the power generation of ECH sensors and solid evidence for clarifying their working mechanism, which could be beneficial for guiding the future development of ECH sensors.

Positioning and authority construction through translational intertextuality in La Place’s Théâtre Anglois (1745–1749)

ABSTRACT Early modern translations often constituted a way for their authors to actively position themselves in the literary field and to establish their authority. Translators sought to capitalise on their association with renowned agents in the field, especially those involved in the translation process and the author of the source text. In the case of the Théâtre Anglois (1745–1749), the first French anthology of English plays, which is largely devoted to Shakespeare, novice translator Pierre-Antoine de La Place could definitely expect mixed reactions to his association with Shakespeare, and therefore sought to establish relational authority with a model translator and a model translation. He claimed in his preface that he was encouraged to produce a translation of ‘the English theatre’ by the considerable success of Brumoy’s Théâtre des Grecs (1730). This explicit reference activates an intertextual connection between the two translation projects, which is further played out at the paratextual and textual levels. In this article, I propose to examine the strategies implemented by La Place to effect a legitimising association with the Théâtre des Grecs, which was acknowledged and strengthened by numerous critics to the extent that La Place himself came to be regarded as a model translator.

Flow structures and combustion regimes in an axisymmetric scramjet combustor with high Reynolds number

This study investigates the flow structures and combustion regimes in an axisymmetric cavity-based scramjet combustor with a total temperature of 1800 K and a high Reynolds number of approximately 1 × 107. The hydroxyl planar laser-induced fluorescence technique, along with the broadband flame emission and CH* chemiluminescence, is employed to visualize the instantaneous flame structure in the optically accessible cavity. The jet-wake flame stabilization mode is observed, with intense heat release occurring in the jet wake upstream of the cavity. A hybrid Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes/large-eddy simulation approach is performed for the 0.18-equivalent-ratio case with a pressure-corrected flamelet/progress variable model. The combustion regime is identified mainly in the corrugated or wrinkled flamelet regime (approximately 102 < Da < 104, 103 < Ret < 105 where $Da$ is the Damköhler number and $Re_t$ is the turbulent Reynolds number). The combustion process is jointly dominated by supersonic combustion (which accounts for approximately 58 %) and subsonic combustion, although subsonic combustion has a higher heat release rate (peak value exceeding 1 × 109 J (m3s)−1). A partially premixed flame is observed, where the diffusion flame packages a considerable quantity of twisted premixed flame. The shockwave plays a critical role in generating vorticity by strengthening the volumetric expansion and baroclinic torque term, and it can facilitate the chemical reaction rates through the pressure and temperature surges, thereby enhancing the combustion. Combustion also shows a remarkable effect on the overall flow structures, and it drives alterations in the vorticity of the flow field. In turn, the turbulent flow facilitates the combustion and improves the flame stabilization by enhancing the reactant mixing and increasing the flame surface area.

Synergistic doping chemistry enable the cycling properties of single-crystal Ni-rich cathode for lithium-ion batteries

Nickel-rich cobalt-low layered oxides have attracted much attention as positive electrode materials for high-energy lithium-ion batteries due to their high capacity and low cost, but their inherent stress accumulation and severe cationic mixed reactions will deteriorate the cycling performance. Herein, the nickel-rich single-crystalline LiNi0.90Co0.06Mn0.04O2 cathode material doped with W and Mg (NCM-WM) has been fabricated to overcome its structure degradation issues. It can be found that the Li/Ni cation mixture can be suppressed by the introduction of Mg2+ into Li+ situs and the replacement of transition metal ions by W6+. Meanwhile, the co-doing strategy synergistically depresses the irreversible H2-H3 phase transition to weaken the internal stress, and employs the heteroatoms as the pillar ions to prevent layer structure collapse. In addition, the reduced particle size induced by the W6+ and increased free electron resulted by Mg2+ can cooperatively improve the migration kinetics of ions and electrons in the process of cycling. As expected, the above advanced effects result in the prominent cycling properties (capacity retention of 86.7 %, 150 cycles, 2C) of the designed Ni-rich electrode materials. These results demonstrate that the co-doped design is a greatly effective strategy to reinforce the cycling performance of Ni-rich single-crystalline materials.

Immediate and long-term consequences of coronavirus disease 2019 on fertility and androgenic status of men

BACKGROUND: The new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) recognized as a global pandemic, impacts many human organs and systems. In view of the coronavirus widespread and high incidence of the disease in young men of reproductive potential, It would be relevant to assess the immediate and long-term consequences of coronavirus disease on the reproductive system of men and their hormonal status AIM: To study of the effect of COVID-19 on the male reproductive system and hormonal status. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included the findings of examination and treatment of 62 men aged 22 to 45 years (mean age: 38.3 ± 3.2 years) who had COVID-19 confirmed by PCR testing within 3-6 months prior to the study. Sixteen (25.8%) men had severe disease, and 46 (74.2%) men suffered from moderate one. All patients enrolled in the study had spermogram parameters, mixed antiglobulin reaction (MAR) test findings and total plasma testosterone levels were within the reference values before the disease. These parameters were determined for all patients after recovery at 6 and 12 months. RESULTS: Six months after the disease, significant spermatogenesis disorders, manifested by a decreasing concentration and/or mobility and/or the number of normal forms of spermatozoa, leukospermia, were observed in 14 of 16 (87.5%) patients in the severe disease group and in 16 of 46 (34.7%) patients with moderate severity disease (p 0.05). Total plasma testosterone levels were decreased in all 16 (100%) patients in the severe group and in 32 of 46 (69.6%) patients in the moderate group (p 0.05). Within 12 months after the disease, significant disorders in the main spermogram parameters were observed in 5 of 16 (31.2%) patients with severe coronavirus disease, and in 4 of 46 (8.7%) patients with moderate coronavirus (p 0.05). A decrease in total plasma testosterone levels occurred in 10 of 16 (62,5%) men of the severe disease group and in 4 of 46 (8.7%) men with moderate disease (p 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate the negative impact of COVID-19 on male fertility and hormonal status. The coronavirus severity mainly determines the rate, intensity and duration of spermatogenesis disorders and hypogonadism manifestations that occur after it.

The Approach of Finland and Sweden to the Soviet and Nazi Occupations of the Baltic States in 1940–1944.

The rapid change in the status of the Baltic States at the beginning of the 1940s, led to erratic and mixed reactions of the outside world, while the struggle of dependent nations for their statehood established a certain place for the Baltic States in the international community. The study analyses the attitude of two Nordic countries – Sweden and Finland – to the three countries that lost their independence during the period of the first two occupations in 1940–1944. So far, historians have not analysed this topic. Looking back on this relatively recent period of history, which was particularly difficult for the Baltic States, and at the position of the Nordic countries would allow to better assess cooperation opportunities of the countries of the Baltic Sea region arising in the twenty-first century and determine the importance of the Baltic States in cross-border relations in the Baltic Sea region. The aim of the study is to analyse in detail the official position of Finland and Sweden, and the attitudes of their peoples towards the Baltic States during the period of the first two occupations. The key focus of the study is analysis of the problem of recognition of the Soviet occupation and the annexation of the Baltic States by the Nordic countries. An important part of the analysis involves the study of the correspondence of Lithuanian diplomats working in the Nordic countries: this would allow a better understanding of public sentiment in Finland and Sweden regarding the two occupational regimes in the Baltic countries. The first part of the article deals with the official approach of the Finnish and Swedish governments towards Soviet occupation and annexation of the Baltic States. The analysis of the sources, political reasoning, historiography of Lithuania and foreign countries, and the press of the Nordic countries reveals that Sweden recognised the incorporation of Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia into the Soviet Union de facto by signing several agreements with Moscow. Meanwhile, Finland, due to unfavourable relations with the Soviet Union, was reluctant to give an assessment of the changed status quo of the Baltic States. The Finnish government maintained a policy of tacit non-recognition of the annexation of the Baltic States. The second part of the study explores the approach of the Nordic countries towards the Nazi occupation of the Baltic States. Finland and Sweden treated the Nazi actions in the east of the Baltic Sea region as a result of the unpredictable progress of WWII. A certain interest in the problems of the occupied Baltic States on the part of Swedish and Finnish society is revealed by publications in the Nordic press. They question the fate of the three Baltic States in a fragmented manner. The last part of the study examines the approach of the Nordic countries towards the three occupied Baltic States on the basis of correspondence of Lithuanian diplomats residing in the Nordic countries. After the Soviet occupation these Lithuanian diplomats stayed in the Nordic countries and assessed public opinions prevailing in Sweden and Finland towards the occupation. The study reveals that in Sweden, in June 1940, the actions of the Soviet Union in Lithuania, unlike those in Latvia and Estonia, were not treated as occupational. The fellow feelings expressed by representatives of the Swedish government to the Baltic States were personal in nature and did not affect the official position of Sweden. Between 1941 and 1944, Finnish society was also friendly to the three Baltic States. This was expressed in negative statements against the occupation of the Baltic States carried out by the Soviet Union. The Finnish and Swedish press paid only fragmentary attention to the issue of enforcement and change of occupational regimes in the east of the Baltic Sea region.

Reactions to and Impact of Survivor Online Disclosures: A Qualitative Analysis

ABSTRACT Social reactions to disclosure of sexual victimization play an important role in the process of recovery. The purpose of this qualitative study was to explore the impact of online disclosure of sexual victimization. The sample for this qualitative study (n = 17) focused on participants who shared their experiences with disclosing about their sexual victimization online and the reactions received in these spaces. Using applied thematic analysis, the research team identified three major themes from the data, each with respective subthemes, including helpful, harmful, and mixed reactions to online disclosure. Findings highlighted the nuances of disclosing online and the diverse reactions that were received. Participants provided in-depth descriptions of not only how the disclosure experience and resulting reactions could be helpful or harmful but also nuanced, mixed, and simultaneously harmful and helpful. This data is a crucial reminder that survivors’ stories are unique and that survivors experience many varying motivations for choosing if, when, where, to whom, or for whom they may disclose. The findings may help inform clinical recommendations for mental health practitioners working with survivors of sexual victimization and holding therapeutic space to process these decisions of disclosure. Future researchers should also consider further studying online interactions, especially within and between survivors, including when and how survivors choose to connect or disconnect.

Cow's milk protein allergy in infants and children.

Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is an immune-mediated reaction to cow's milk proteins, which can involve multiple organ systems including the gastrointestinal tract. Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated response results in rapid onset of allergic symptoms that are easily recognizable. However, delayed (i.e., non-IgE/cell-mediated) or mixed (IgE- and cell-mediated) reactions produce a host of symptoms that overlap with other conditions and vary widely in onset and severity. Determining whether symptoms represent immune-mediated CMPA, non-immunologic reaction to cow's milk, or are unrelated to cow's milk exposure is challenging yet essential for effective management. While the clinical presentation of non-IgE-mediated CMPA can vary, this condition is usually self-limited and resolves by 1 to 6 years of age. Food antigen-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) panels that are not evidence-based should be avoided because they can lead to overdiagnosis of presumed food intolerances. Overdiagnosis of CMPA can result in overuse of extensively hydrolyzed formulas and have significant cost implications for families. This statement focuses on delayed non-IgE/cell-mediated CMPA and assists health care providers to distinguish between and identify varied reactions to cow's milk, discusses the role of diagnostic testing, and provides management recommendations based on best evidence.

Separated reactant mix width across diffusion-dominated and hydrodynamically dominated interface mix in inertial confinement fusion implosions.

Diffusion-dominated mix in inertial confinement fusion (ICF) is characterized where the majority of the mix occurs in the immediate fuel-shell interface while hydrodynamic-dominated mix pulls shell material from farther away into the central fuel. A thin (150nm) separated reactants ICF mix platform is highly sensitive to the amount of mix from the first micron of shell-fuel interface. This fine-spatial resolution platform has revealed that material mix in moderate convergence (CR∼12) ICF implosions is dominated by a diffusion mechanism. This technique has now been expanded across a set of OMEGA ICF implosions, observing an increase in mix width and mix amount for cooler, slower, and more compressive implosions. Hydrodynamic simulations require a buoyancy-drag mix model to capture the increasing mix width, suggesting a transition between these two mix mechanisms.

Australian private healthcare staff perspectives on patient reported experience measures (PREMs): a qualitative interview study

ObjectivePatient reported experience measures (PREMs) are common tools utilised in hospitals to support quality improvements, allow consumers to provide feedback on care experiences and can be used to support consumers’ hospital selections. This study aimed to understand the views and opinions of private hospital staff on PREM use and the utility of PREMs as a consumer decision-making tool.MethodQualitative, semi-structured interview study conducted via telephone between March-June 2023. Participants (n = 10) were recruited from major private healthcare providers in Australia with half representing hospital-based staff and the other half corporate head office staff who work in patient experience and quality. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analysed thematically.ResultsPREM benefits included an understanding of patient experience that improved provision of patient centred care with feedback acting as catalyst for change, to corporate-level strategic initiatives that address specific issues. Drawbacks of PREM reporting included concerns around skewed results by biased respondents, and completion based on hard to alter items (e.g., infrastructure) or on matters outside of hospital control (e.g., insurance). Staff had mixed reactions to consumers using PREMs results when selecting a hospital, some advocated for transparency while others feared consumers would misinterpret the data.ConclusionsImproved real-time reporting of PREMs, learning from other industries about recording customer experience, and mandatory reporting by private hospitals could further the benefits of PREM measurement in private healthcare. Recognised was the need for PREMs to be displayed in a readily understood way so those with limited health literacy can correctly interpret.

Teachers’ Perspectives on the Effectiveness of Moral Strategies for Character Formation in Public Secondary Schools in Kakamega County, Kenya

Philosophers and educationists contend that education plays a critical role in inculcating learners with moral values for character formation. Moral education for character formation is not an issue of personal choice but fundamental to society in promoting economic growth, prosperity, and order. However, there are a number of problems that hinder the process of reaching the identified ideal of character formation. Some of the challenges are associated curriculum content and the strategies applied by teachers. In school moral education for character formation is promoted through the teaching of subjects such as Christian Religious Education, Hindu Religious Education, or Islamic Religious Education, however they are exam or Cognitive oriented. This is manifested in unacceptable behaviors that are exhibited by students such as school arson, drugs and substance abuse, obscene behavior, and exploitation of school and other public resources. Therefore, this article sought to investigate teachers’ perspectives on the effectiveness of moral strategies for character formation in public secondary schools in Kakamega County, Kenya. Phenomenological theory guided this study. On the other hand, phenomenological hermeneutical method was applied in the study. The study employed a descriptive phenomenological research design to explore teachers' perceptions of moral education strategies for character formation in public secondary schools in Kakamega County, Kenya. This design was chosen because it enables the researcher gain insight into participants' lived experiences of a phenomenon without prejudices and preconceptions. It utilized an interpretive paradigm to understand teachers' perceptions of their social realities, focusing on subjective experiences and perspectives related to moral education. Purposive sampling was used to recruit 15 participants from seven public secondary schools. Unstructured interviews were employed to collect the data. The data collected was analyzed thematically using Braun and Clarke's six steps. The study established that there was mixed reaction on the effectiveness of strategies used in moral education for character formation. The minority of the participants observed that all the strategies were ineffective, while the majority indicated that guidance and counseling although less proactive, is the best strategy for moral education for character formation. The few who mentioned punishment indicated that it was the best method, although illegal and illicit in the current Kenyan schooling context. The study concluded that moral education strategies in public secondary schools in Kakakmega county, Kenya are largely ineffective, with only a few approaches like class meetings, student leadership, and clubs fostering deeper student engagement. Most strategies are implemented reactively and lack consistent emphasis, limiting their impact on character formation. To improve effectiveness, a more proactive approach and better implementation mechanisms are needed. The study recommends that teachers in Kakamega County be trained to use multiple moral strategies that require extensive student participation and include practical and reflective methods to promote character education. Moreover, moral education should be an integrated approach to ensure that students receive ethical education in many areas of learning to strengthen their morality in applying moral education in many facets of their learning.

Improvement of electrochemical performance by surface modification of LiNi0.65Co0.15Mn0.2O2 cathode materials with SnO2

LiNi0.65Co0.15Mn0.2O2 batteries have attracted more and more attention due to their high energy density. However, LiNi0.65Co0.15Mn0.2O2 possesses adverse factors such as severe Li-Ni mixing and side reactions between active substance and electrolyte, which limits its electrochemical performance. Hence, we employed the SnO2 surface coating method to enhance its performance. SnO2 coating inhibits the direct contact between LiNi0.65Co0.15Mn0.2O2 and the electrolyte, which reduces the lithium-nickel mixing, enlarges the lithium layer spacing, and contributes to the improvement of the specific capacity of discharge and the cycling performance. The electrochemical results indicate the optimal SnO2-coated LiNi0.65Co0.15Mn0.2O2 show excellent cycling performance (85.0 % capacity retention for 100 cycles at 0.1 C) and multiplicative performance (124.1 mA·h·g−1 discharge specific capacity at 2 C). The paper highlights the SnO2 cladding technology which provides an excellent research idea to improve lithium-ion batteries.

A knee at the table: Jay-Z, Colin Kaepernick, and the endurance of competing strategies in Black social justice

Abstract In August 2019, the U.S. National Football League (NFL) and entertainment company Roc-Nation entered into a partnership to amplify the league’s “social justice efforts.” This partnership received mixed reactions from news media and fans with significant negative criticism. Many accused the NFL of using the celebrity reputation of Roc-Nation founder, Jay-Z, for cultural capital to recoup from the negative press received following the 2016 protest of Colin Kaepernick. This article examines the media discourse following the announcement of the partnership and how it perpetuates a long-existing ideological feud within Black social justice that questions if the path to racial progress must be achieved with the help of white institutions. I argue that the adoption of neoliberal ideologies into contemporary activism has shifted focus from the needs of the communities being served to the brand image and market profits of celebrity activists and corporations.

An online mindfulness-based intervention for adults with Inflammatory Bowel Disease & psychological distress: A feasibility randomized controlled trial of the Mind4IBD program

ObjectiveThe bidirectional relationship between disease activity and mental health in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has prompted investigations into the efficacy of psychotherapies, such as mindfulness-based interventions (MBI), for improving biopsychosocial outcomes. Therefore, the aim is to examine the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of an online-delivered, self-directed MBI, adapted to individuals with IBD and psychological distress, in comparison to wait-list control (WLC). Methods50 adults with IBD were randomized to WLC (N = 25) or intervention (N = 25) groups. The intervention (MIND4IBD program) consisted of six, weekly, 15-min videos (with guided meditations). Feasibility was examined through recruitment and retention rates, while acceptability was examined through intervention satisfaction ratings and qualitative feedback. Preliminary efficacy was examined using linear mixed models for group differences in outcomes between baseline and post-intervention. ResultsPrimary Outcomes. The retention rate for the WLC group was 92 %, while the retention rate for the intervention group was 48 %. However, 16 % of participants allocated to the intervention group never began the intervention, therefore this resulted in a retention rate of 71 % of participants who began the intervention. Acceptability was high with an average intervention satisfaction rating of 83/100. Secondary Outcomes. When compared with the WLC, the MIND4IBD program improved total mindfulness levels (b = 0.29, 95 %CI [0.11,0.47], p = 0.004) with a large effect size (β = 0.54, b = 0.19, 95 %CI [0.04,0.34], p = 0.014). Themes based on participants' intervention feedback included: 1) beginning of journey with mindfulness, 2) the beneficial impact of mindfulness, 3) why adapting the intervention to IBD is important, 4) views on program delivery, and 5) mixed reactions to AI generated presenters. ConclusionMIND4IBD is feasible and acceptable for individuals with IBD and psychological distress. Participants' total mindfulness levels increased significantly in the intervention group compared to WLC. Most participants provided positive intervention feedback. These findings warrant a full-scale RCT to determine MIND4IBD's efficacy for IBD.

Electronic Health Record Serious Illness Conversation Dashboards: An Implementation Case Series

IntroductionDashboards are used to track and visualize quality indicators within health systems to improve clinical performance. Structured serious illness conversation (SIC) documentation templates within electronic health records (EHR) have enabled the development of SIC dashboards for quality improvement. Little is known about the successes and challenges of SIC dashboards. MethodsThis implementation case series describes findings from semi-structured interviews and surveys with nine palliative care leaders in eight health systems that implemented SIC dashboards. Interviews and case information were analyzed to identify themes. ResultsFive themes were identified. First, dashboards focus on process metrics. By creating transparent and efficient access to data on EHR-documented SICs, dashboards facilitated monitoring of the results of clinician training and quality improvement efforts. Second, palliative care leaders used dashboard data on documented SICs to implement clinician practice change strategies (e.g. data feedback; quality incentives), but clinicians had mixed reactions to data. Third, dashboards facilitated leadership investment in SIC efforts and required financial and technical resources to build and maintain. Fourth, while dashboards streamlined data collection for implementation teams, participants noted challenges with data reliability, including inadequate clinician use of structured SIC documentation templates (which most dashboards rely on for measurement). Fifth, needs and tensions arose with integrating patient-centered outcome measures as part of dashboards. ConclusionDashboards can be powerful tools for identifying gaps in SIC and driving interventions for clinician practice change. However, challenges related to clinician adoption of structured templates for SIC documentation and mixed clinician receptivity to data feedback may limit their reliability and use.

EFFECT OF FUEL SUBSIDY REMOVAL ON THE NIGERIAN ECONOMY: A STUDY OF ADAMAWA CENTRAL SENATORIAL DISTRICT

The paper examined the effect of fuel subsidy removal on the Nigerian Economy: A study of Adamawa Central Senatorial District. The economic development of a society is vital for the welfare, and satisfaction of the needs of members of the society. Since Nigeria’s independence in 1960 to the current political dispensation, several efforts were made to accelerate economic development. However, in spite of several policies initiated and implemented in Nigeria, the country appears to be at the economic crossroad and faces a dilemma of economic development. Fuel subsidy is one of such policies initiated and implemented in Nigeria. The federal government operated fuel subsidy with the aim of making petroleum products available to cushion the effect of actual market prices of the product on the general populace for several decades. Recently, the removal of fuel subsidy has generated mixed reactions in the political process. The study utilized primary and secondary sources of data generation. Data were obtained from published and unpublished materials like books, magazines, journals, newspapers etc. The study revealed that the removal of the fuel subsidy has been met with considerable skepticism and concern among the public because government has not adequately addressed the implications of this policy change, particularly regarding transparency, social equity, and its economic benefits. The study therefore recommends the need to conduct comprehensive impact assessments before implementing policy changes, like subsidy removal, is essential. These assessments should involve stakeholder consultations, particularly with communities that would be directly affected. Understanding the potential socio-economic implications of such changes can help the government make informed decisions and develop strategies that mitigate negative impacts on vulnerable populations.

Social Critique and Cancel Culture: Analyzing Online Comments on Gisella Anastasia's Video with Foucault's Approach

This research analyzes the phenomena of social criticism and cancel culture in the context of the Gisella Anastasia sex scandal, focusing on analyzing netizen comments on YouTube news channels. Foucault's discourse analysis is used to explore how comments reflect power dynamics on social media. These comments fall into four categories: social media shaming, slut-shaming, redemption support, and superficial praise.The research findings show mixed reactions from netizens about the Gisella Anastasia scandal, with social media backlash and slut shaming highlighting strong criticism of her behavior.On the other hand, redemption support illustrates support and forgiveness towards the celebrity's efforts to amend their actions following clarification or apologies. Shallow praise focuses on compliments that are not related to the main issue.The research reveals that social media shaming and slut shaming are the primary comment categories. Using a Foucauldian approach, it examines how these comments reflect systems of discipline and punishment, highlighting the complexities of cancel culture and its impact on interpretation and judgment in the social media age.. The analysis of netizen comments provides insights into how power and social control are manifested in online interactions and their implications on the reputation and public perception of celebrities.

Experimental investigation of the interplay between transverse mixing and pH reaction in porous media

Abstract. pH-induced reactive transport in porous environments is a critical factor in Earth sciences, influencing a range of natural and anthropogenic processes, such as mineral dissolution and precipitation, adsorption and desorption, microbial reactions, and redox transformations. These processes, pivotal to carbon capture and storage (CCS) applications to groundwater remediation, are determined by pH transport. However, the uncertainty in these macroscopic processes’ stems from pore-scale heterogeneities and the high diffusion value of the ions and protons forming the pH range. While practical for field-scale applications, traditional macroscopic models often fail to accurately predict experimental and field results in reactive systems due to their inability to capture the details of the pore-scale pH range. This study investigates the interplay between transverse mixing and pH-driven reactions in porous media. It focuses on how porous structure and flow rate affect mixing and chemical reaction dynamics. Utilizing confocal microscopy, the research visualizes fluorescently labeled fluids, revealing variations in mixing patterns from diffusive in homogeneous to shear-driven in heterogeneous media. However, pH-driven reactions show a different pattern, with a faster reaction rate, suggesting quicker pH equilibration between co-flowing fluids than predicted by transverse dispersion or diffusion. The study highlights the unique characteristics of pH change in water, which significantly influences reactive transport in porous media.