Minorities In Society Research Articles

The Causes and Countermeasures of Juvenile Delinquency Motivation

Under the background of rapid development, people pay more and more attention to minors in society. Juvenile delinquency has always been a hot topic, and juvenile delinquency has become the mainstream of people's attention. It has become an important research topic in the main psychological field to study the causes of juvenile delinquency and its preventive measures. This paper aims to combine the psychological motivation of juvenile delinquency, analyze the factors that affect juvenile delinquency and analyze the reasons of juvenile delinquency from the perspectives of family, society and campus. The harmony of family relationship and parents' education directly affect children's psychological development. School is the key environment for young people to learn and interact with others, and school violence is the main factor leading to juvenile delinquency. The misconduct of teenagers may be attributed to the Internet. By studying this theme, we can support the reduction and prevention of juvenile delinquency. In addition, this study can also help to understand the causes of juvenile delinquency.

Health Maintenance Organization-mHealth Versus Face-to-Face Interaction for Health Care in Israel: Cross-Sectional Web-Based Survey Study.

Health maintenance organization-mobile health (HMO-mHealth) services have a direct impact on patients' daily lives, and HMOs regularly expand their range of mHealth services. HMO-mHealth apps are saving HMOs time and money, as services are becoming more accessible to patients. However, the willingness to use mHealth apps depends on user perception. Although mHealth apps can change the relationship dynamic between HMOs and patients, patients prefer to use them to facilitate face-to-face interactions rather than replace them. This study aims to examine the extent to which Israeli adults prefer adopting health care services using HMO-mHealth as a replacement for face-to-face interaction. Israeli adults aged ≥18 years completed an electronic questionnaire. Data were collected from December 2020 to February 2021. All services in the main HMO-mHealth apps of the 4 Israeli HMOs were mapped. The 29 health care services used in this study were identical in all 4 HMO-mHealth apps in Israel. The association between sociodemographic characteristics and health condition with preference for HMO-mHealth or face-to-face interaction was analyzed separately for each health service by using a logistic model. A total of 6321 respondents completed the questionnaire (female: 4296/6321, 68%; male: 2025/6321, 32%). Approximately 80.9% (5115/6321) to 88.2% (5578/6321) of the respondents preferred using HMO-mHealth apps for administrative matters. However, 55.3% (3498/6321), 52.2% (3301/6321), and 46.9% (2969/6321) preferred face-to-face meetings for the initial medical diagnosis, medical treatment, and medical diagnosis results, respectively. Seven main variables were found to be associated with HMO-mHealth adoption, including gender, age, education, marital status, religious affiliation, and subjective health condition. Female respondents were more likely than male respondents to prefer HMO-mHealth apps for administrative matters and face-to-face interaction for personal medical diagnosis and treatment (odds ratio [OR] 0.74, 95% CI 0.67-0.83; P<.001 and OR 0.82, 95% CI 0.74-0.92; P<.001, respectively). Married individuals preferred using HMO-mHealth apps over face-to-face meetings for a new medical diagnosis (OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.15-1.49; P<.001) or treatment (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.18-1.52; P<.001). Improved health perception was associated with higher preference for HMO-mHealth apps across all health care services in this study (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.02-1.22; P<.02 to OR 1.38, 95% CI 1.25-1.53; P<.001). No significant association was found between the presence of a chronic disease and the preferred mode of interaction for most services. HMO-mHealth is proving to be a robust and efficient tool for health care service delivery. However, there are barriers that affect vulnerable populations when adopting HMO-mHealth. Therefore, it is important to tailor HMO-mHealth apps for older adults, the chronically ill, and minorities in society, as these groups have a greater need for these services. Future studies should focus on identifying the barriers that affect the utilization of HMO-mHealth in these groups.

Kierkegaard’s Lesson on Religious Conformism vs. the Current Mainstream Environmentalism

This paper aims to show how Kierkegaard’s attack upon Christendom still works today to contrast current forms of conformism disguised under the appearance of new secular religions. I will start with considering Kierkegaard’s concept of conformism as a form of despair. As such, conformism is incompatible with Christianity, as well as with the development of a true Self. Secondly, I will focus on the current religious scene in Western Europe. While Christianity has become a minority in society, new secular religions have arisen and, along with them, new compelling narratives. Mainstream environmentalism appears to be one of these. Finally, I will try to show how Kierkegaard’s arguments against Christendom can be also applied to environmental propaganda.

Extremism in the Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic

The main aim of this paper is to statistically evaluate the level of knowledge of extremism and the personal inclination toward it among professional soldiers of the Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic. While establishing recommendations for its elimination, the authors examined individual factors that affect manifestations of extremism. These recommendations allow us to focus on the education and education of professional soldiers of the armed forces in order to prevent radicalization of their attitudes. The aim of the research was to determine, on the basis of a questionnaire, the group of professional soldiers of the Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic with the greatest intolerant beliefs in relation to minorities in society and the group with the lowest awareness of extremism. The subject of the research was the professional soldiers of the Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic and their knowledge of extremism and intolerant beliefs towards minorities in society. Based on the analysis conducted on a representative sample of professional soldiers of the Armed Forces of the Slovak Republic, at the end of the article, the authors identify four groups of these soldiers with the highest potential extremist behaviour. These are groups created from views based on rank, education, age, and type of civil service.

Examining the Intersectional Experiences of Ethnic Minority Women Within the Gendered Paradigm of Educational Institutions: A Case Study of Rajshahi University.

This study aims to explore how ethnic minority women are facing discrimination at Rajshahi University. The research methodology involved the use of a qualitative case study design, which employed interviews to collect data from a sample of 17 undergraduate ethnic minority women at Rajshahi University. The study aimed to identify the influence of discriminatory outlook towards ethnic minority women in their academic experiences. There are significant biases against ethnic minority women in their academic experiences. The implications of this research highlight the need for increased attention to gender dynamics about ethnic minorities in society and the importance of creating more inclusive and equitable learning environments for all in society so that no one is facing discrimination based on their ethnic identity as well as gender status. This study contributes to the literature on gender and education by providing insight into the experiences of ethnic minority women and offering recommendations for authorities to promote a more equitable environment that eradicates the problems indicated in this research.

The 3Rs in Experimental Liver Disease.

Patients with cirrhosis present multiple physiological and immunological alterations that play a very important role in the development of clinically relevant secondary complications to the disease. Experimentation in animal models is essential to understand the pathogenesis of human diseases and, considering the high prevalence of liver disease worldwide, to understand the pathophysiology of disease progression and the molecular pathways involved, due to the complexity of the liver as an organ and its relationship with the rest of the organism. However, today there is a growing awareness about the sensitivity and suffering of animals, causing opposition to animal research among a minority in society and some scientists, but also about the attention to the welfare of laboratory animals since this has been built into regulations in most nations that conduct animal research. In 1959, Russell and Burch published the book "The Principles of Humane Experimental Technique", proposing that in those experiments where animals were necessary, everything possible should be done to try to replace them with non-sentient alternatives, to reduce to a minimum their number, and to refine experiments that are essential so that they caused the least amount of pain and distress. In this review, a comprehensive summary of the most widely used techniques to replace, reduce, and refine in experimental liver research is offered, to assess the advantages and weaknesses of available experimental liver disease models for researchers who are planning to perform animal studies in the near future.

The Role of Social Institutions in Protection of Children From Abuse and Neglect

Child abuse is an age-old phenomenon, which is confirmed by the data from art, literature, and science from many parts of the world. There are reports on infanticide, mutilation, abandonment and other forms of violence found in many historical records of unkempt, weak, and malnourished children who were left by families to take care of themselves. Those records also make note of charity organisations and groups, as well as others that were involved in ensuring the welfare and providing protection for the children. Social institutions are institutions that ought to be the first link in the chain of providing help and care for children and minors, but at the same time, they are institutions that work on reducing the occurrences of abuse of minors in society in general. Today, there is clear evidence that child abuse is a global problem which comes in different forms and is, unfortunately, deeply-rooted in cultural, economic and social practices. Solving this global problem, however, requires a much better understanding of its occurrences in a range of environments, as well as its causes and effects in said environments. In this paper, by applying the method of quantitative and qualitative content analysis, we will review and analyse concepts of child abuse and neglect, the forms in which they come, as well as analyse the role of social institutions, with a special focus on Centres for Social Work. The creative aim of the paper is to recognise the problem of child neglect and abuse which demands an efficient response by the wider social community.

청각장애인의 심리상담 경험에 관한 현상학적 연구

The purpose of this study is to explore the types of experiences the deaf have through psychological counseling from a phenomenological perspective to solve psychological problems to achieve a better understanding of the essence of those experiences. To achieve this research purpose, in-depth interviews were conducted with six deaf people who had received at least 10 psychological counseling sessions at a deaf welfare institution and analyzed using Giorgi's phenomenological research 5-step analysis method.&#x0D; In this study, the essential meaning of psychological counseling experienced by the deaf is that the hearing impaired perceive the differences and conflicts they experience as a minority in society as natural. This suggests a new perspective on problems while experiencing the decisive moment between the counselor, oneself, and third-party assistants who form a triangular alliance with an open mind that is not held back by communication barriers and prejudices. Psychological counseling for the deaf is a place where they can practice, and through small changes in counseling, they decide between two options at the end of counseling.&#x0D; This study found commonalities in the concrete and actual experiences of deaf people through psychological counseling at a psychological counseling site for deaf, which lacks study data. Therefore, it is expected that the results of this study can be used as data that can assist deaf clients with deaf psychological counseling.

The language paradigm of social prejudice as a factor in the social exclusion of LGBTQI members

The primary objective of this research is to emphasize how social prejudice, which has not received enough attention, plays a role in the social exclusion of LGBTQI people. The researchers demonstrated that this issue also affects the sexual minority in society. This is a pressing topic that has to be discussed. Thus, it must be handled as well. The chief goal of this research study is to explicitly detail the language paradigm of social bias in the LGBTQI community. Two hundred survey participants who gave enthusiastic responses to the questionnaires were chosen. According to the information provided by the respondents, the study's findings cannot necessarily be generalized to students who do not identify as LGBTQI or are not enrolled at UM Tagum College. Queer Theory, developed in 1991 by Italian American feminist theorist Teresa de Laurentiis, serves as the theoretical foundation for this work. Because many people tend to exclude LGBTQI people from society due to their sexuality, romantic relationships, and lifestyle preferences, this theory was created.

Criminal Offenses Against Life and Body According to the Criminal Code of Kosovo

The research aims to make the definition of the criminal offense “murder” according to several different authors, the Criminal Code of the Republic of Kosovo, and the description of the most used methods of murder, motives that affect the commission of a crime, and victimization. Each person may commit a crime that is foreseen in the Criminal Code and for each crime are foreseen the circumstances on the basis of which the penalties prescribed by the Criminal Code of each country are determined. The most widespread form of criminality is the crime of murder, which has been and continues to be present in all societies and as such means the unlawful deprivation of a person from life. Violation of the legal norms of a state implies crime, while the offender in this case is called a criminal. Criminals are individuals who have committed a crime and a small minority in society, who differ from persons who commit accidental crimes, because in this case criminals commit crimes in a planned manner. The research aims to compare the sentences for the criminal offense of murder under the Criminal Code of Kosovo and the Criminal Code of Albania. I divided the paper into four chapters. In the first chapter, I presented the criminal offense of murder, its definition according to some perpetrators and the Criminal Code of Kosovo. The second chapter includes factors affecting the commission of the criminal offense of murder and statistical data from various sources. The third chapter includes victims of the crime of murder. In the fourth chapter, is described the mos used motives and methods for committing the crime of murder.

Schleswig and Non-Territorial Autonomy – The Territorial Trap?

AbstractNon-territorial autonomy (NTA) is a concept to ensure political and cultural participation of national minorities in society and thus a tool to manage diversity without challenging territorial integrity. This article relates to the experience of Schleswig, which is widely perceived as a model of successful border-delineation based on national self-determination and subsequent reconciliation and accommodation of national, linguistic, and cultural binarity in a majority-minority framework. Minority membership is based on subjective self-identification and not registered.The principle of subjective self-identification and its fluidity challenge attempts to implement a legitimate, democratic structure of minority self-government. The non-definition of “minority” based on objective, measurable criteria is due to the apparent social integration of the Schleswig society: today, it is socially more divided by the national border drawn 100 years ago than by respective majority-minority divisions. It has become apparent that the territorial restriction to the boundaries of the former Duchy of Schleswig does not cohere with social practices and mobility frameworks and thus questions the present NTA infrastructure, which is restricted to a historic territory no longer relevant in contemporary administrative frameworks or in patterns of social practices.

The Influence of the Ruling Elite on Political Activity in the Conditions of Destructuring the Essence of the Philosophy of Law

Different policy actors have different influences on the process. Most do not directly participate in political life: a particular layer of people called the political elite is more likely to get involved in it. From a philosophical point of view, the political elite is mainly defined as a minority of society, a somewhat independent, relatively privileged group (or a set of groups) that has the appropriate psychological, social and political qualities and is directly involved in the formation and implementation of political decisions related to the use of state power or influence on it. The main goal of the article is to characterise the negative influence of the ruling elite on the formation of political activity in the context of revealing its possibilities of destructuring the essence of the philosophy of law itself. The methodology was based on the main historical and theoretical research methods that made it possible to achieve the set goal. As a result of the study, the main elements of the negative influence of the ruling elite were characterised, its place in the philosophy of law was determined and which destructuring consequences it has.

The Genesis of the Prohibition of Corporal Punishment against Minors and the Consequences of Its Application

&lt;p&gt;To present the purpose and the actual role of the prohibition of corporal punishment against minors in society, the sources, causes and effects of introducing this normative prohibition are analysed, based on the example of the Polish legal system. The sources that sought to adopt the amendment in question are indicated, as well as the entities influencing the enactment of the prohibition in its final version. The situation of entities that will reap benefits from the ban in question and those to suffer losses is also described. The analysis of formal and informal rules relating to the upbringing methods used in the society is aimed at answering the question of whether the prohibition of corporal punishment against minors achieved the goal intended by the legislator or even caused the opposite effect.&lt;/p&gt;

Male Nurses’ Experiences of Workplace Gender Discrimination and Sexual Harassment in South Korea: A Qualitative Study

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to explore male nurses’ experiences of workplace gender discrimination and sexual harassment in South Korea. MethodsPhenomenological qualitative methodology exploring male nurses’ experiences was employed to collect data, and thematic analysis of the data was conducted. Research subjects were recruited by convenience and snowball sampling. Ten male nurses participated in individual in-depth interviews via mobile phone. Data were collected from June 15 to July 24, 2020. FindingsTwo themes were extracted that described male nurses’ experiences of workplace gender discrimination and sexual harassment. In the first theme, “facing gender discrimination from various dimensions,” nurses’ thoughts and feelings regarding gender discrimination from various sources were expressed. The second theme, “experiencing sexual harassment at work as a man,” presented experiences of sexual harassment as a male nurse and difficulties in being recognized as a victim. ConclusionGender discrimination and sexual harassment experienced by male nurses stem from a wide range of socio-cultural factors, ranging from individuals to organizations, and institutions. Therefore, this problem requires a correspondingly broad approach for improvement, such as making efforts to avoid classifying certain roles according to gender, developing new standards considering the specific experiences of men as victims of sexual discrimination and sexual harassment, and continuing training to increase social sensitivity and interest in the harm suffered by minorities in society.

Assimilation over protection: rethinking mandarin language assimilation in China

ABSTRACT In the last decades, the propagation of Mandarin has been carried out across the People’s Republic of China as de facto language assimilation. It has achieved great success in that over 80 percent of the population can speak Mandarin, but it has also had devastating effects on minority language learning, maintenance, and use. Meanwhile, the Chinese government continues to strongly promote Mandarin nationwide. This paper applies summative content analysis to examine the reasons the government provides for promoting Mandarin in its official policies, government reports, and news. Our findings show that in official documents, the value of promoting Mandarin typically prevails over the importance of protecting minority languages. Additionally, the government tends to equate minority assimilation with progress and advancement. In this context, we argue that to enhance conditions of minorities in society, the government should work to ensure that mastering Mandarin is a free choice of minorities, and regard Mandarin and minority languages and their speakers as of equal status and value in society.

Investor Reactions to Minority CEO Appointments: The Intersection of Race-Ethnicity and Gender

Despite growing attention to the disadvantages experienced by racial-ethnic minorities in society, there is limited understanding of how race-ethnicity affects strategic leaders. We develop theory ...

Life Practices on Social Media of Minority’s Generation Z in Turkey during the COVİD-19 Period

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused and continues to cause uncertainty around the world. It is a traumatic event that psychologically affects all segments of society. However, particularly the young and disadvantaged in a society like minorities, refugees and disabled people may face even harsher problems. The youngest generation to witness this traumatic event is generation Z. Individuals of this generation came to the world in a period when communication technologies have experienced tremendous growth and progress, thus making them carry characteristics which are very different from other generations. Since this generation is still very young, it is challenging to obtain academic data on them. Studies on this generation are just being conducted, and the number of scientific studies in this field is still minimal. However, what stands out in the already existing research is that social media is an integral part of their lives. While there are many studies on social media usage habits and the effects of these during the pandemic, the research done on minorities in society during this period does also not stand out in the literature. Therefore, this study focuses on an even smaller fraction of the already tiny fraction (0,2%) of non-Muslim minorities in Turkey; the Syriac generation Z in Turkey. Using the method of online surveys, this study demonstrated that all of the surveyed members of the Syriac generation Z, in Turkey connect to the internet, use social media and follow COVID-19 related news on social media on a daily basis. The study also revealed that they spend more time on social media than before COVID-19 and frequently communicate with their friends on social media. Furthermore, this study found that during the COVID-19 period, the surveyed members of the Syriac generation Z were more anxious and generally preferred spending time with their hobbies as well as communicating with their friends and families as a method of coping with their concerns. Also, half of the surveyed members stated that social media helped relieve their concerns during this period.

The betweenness of the double stranger: British converts to Islam and patterns of belonging

British converts to Islam can be hard to locate in relation to the majority and born Muslim minority in society and can experience rejection from both sides. Based on an ethnic lens and framework, they are conceptualised as ‘in-between’ the two, neither fully one nor the other. This article argues that by foregrounding religious rather than ethnic identity, a different pattern of how converts position themselves in society emerges. To do so, it draws on a study of converts’ narratives and investigates the dynamics of how a divide between religion and culture emerges from these narratives. To discuss these dynamics, it draws on Simmel’s influential essay The Stranger in order to develop an analytical reorientation that centralises the religious aspect in order to gain a new relational understanding of converts’ belonging as well as the social aspects of the conversion process itself.

Ethical Issues and Christopher’s Self-Exploration in The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time

This study selects Mark Haddon’s The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time and analyzes the inner world of Christopher, a 15-year-old boy suffering from Asperger’s syndrome. It explores how he processes his family’s ethical problems as well as his ego and his disabilities. The issue of autism, particularly Asperger’s syndrome, has not been of much interest in children’s literature. Because of his Asperger’s syndrome, Christopher’s mental, emotional, and social deficiencies affect his family and society, and his growth process also causes ethical problems in his family. In particular, his parents’ ethical shortcomings is one of the key topics in the novel, which has many implications for today’s society. Christopher notices that he clearly belongs to a minority in society and feels isolated, but he also has the inner courage to carry out the self-exploration that the main characters try in most children’s literature. However, it remains to be questioned whether Christopher will be able to mature and gain the awareness to have a smooth social life with others. This novel shines a spotlight on those living with Asperger’s syndrome and inviting readers into their inner world.

British Converts to Islam, Habitus and Social Positioning

The number of people converting to Islam in Europe has been growing in recent years and interest in this phenomenon has gained increasing attention. Scholarly attention has sought in particular to “locate” converts in relation to majority and minorities in society. One way of conceiving and theorising in this vein has been to focus on the notion of habitus, with alternative emphases of change or continuity. This article engages with conversion seen through the lens of habitus through a focus on converts to Islam in Britain. The article argues that these focuses on habitus over-emphasise practice against faith or belief and emphasise change against continuity or vice-versa. The article argues that what we need to focus on is the dynamic process between change and continuity found in the negotiations converts make as they seek to navigate their sense of self and social relations. Moreover, the article suggests that an emphasis on practice against faith or belief distorts how we understand these negotiations and the subsequent ways in which converts to Islam in Britain position themselves in relation to “majority society” and Muslim communities.