Minor Themes Research Articles

Pengharapan Di Tengah Penderitaan: Sebuah Pendekatan Tematik Terhadap Ayub: 19: 23-27

The Book of Job is a book rich with theological reflections on suffering. This is demonstrated in almost every chapter of the book. The richness and depth of its theology compelled the author to conduct this biblical research. According to this study aims this study is to discover the biblical theology of hope in the midst of suffering according to Job 19:23-27. The method used in this study is the thematic method to bring out the minor themes in this text. In addition, the author also use several other analyses such as context analysis, historical analysis, translation analysis, and theological analysis. In this research, the author also investigates various kinds of literature as support. Through this research it was found that there were at least two hopes held by Job when he was in the midst of suffering, namely: First, Job put his hope in God who is his redeemer. Secondly, by focusing on God, Job was able to acknowledge his belief that God would eventually be on his side.

Student wellbeing and academic support in higher education

This study reports on the synergistic liaison between student wellbeing and academic support in higher education. The study took place at a large, urban university in South Africa within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Brief interviews were conducted between September and November 2021, with undergraduate students (n = 645, Mage = 22; SD = 2) from a variety of scientific fields. The guiding question for the brief interviews was, ‘What contributes to your wellbeing at the university?’ Responses were captured in statu nascendi (as it develops) by fieldworkers from the helping professions and then transferred to a comprehensive Electronic Data Sheet. The raw verbal response data were analyzed using an open coding process where major and minor themes were initially indicated. A theme emerged around the intricacies of academic support and intrapersonal processes that are central to the wellbeing of students in higher education. Academic support was apparent in the provisioning of resources for learning, quality communication from lecturers, peer-to-peer support, and collective positive student experiences. Beyond these external resources, intrapersonal factors including a focus on the self, a sense of responsibility, and ensuring mental balance, while sustaining a sense of accomplishment academically, emerged as critical to student wellbeing. Efforts to continually improve student experience are still paramount within the higher education space, and this can be accompanied by psychosocial interventions aimed at promoting a strong sense of positive selfhood. These interventions could be designed to promote internal resources that allow students to capitalize on institutional provisioning in the achievement of academic goals and wellbeing.

Patients' experience on waiting for spinal arthrodesis: a qualitative study.

A number of studies have explored patients' subjective experience of waiting for spinal surgery, however, they did so through an investigation conducted post-operatively. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore the experience of patients while still on the waitlist for lumbar spinal arthrodesis. This qualitative study of semi-structured interviews was conducted at an orthopedic research institute in Italy. The interview track was developed by a team of professionals (physiotherapists, orthopedic surgeon, psychologist) and consisted of 40 questions. Fifteen patients, 10 females and 5 males aged between 23 and 80years, waiting for spinal arthrodesis were interviewed. The interviews were performed, transcribed and analyzed by the multiprofessional team through thematic analysis using a reflexive approach. Five main themes were generated: (1) Impact of persistent pain on patients' physical and psychological functioning; (2) Fear of the unknown and uncertainties; (3) Hope and regaining normality; (4) The impact of the unpredictability of the waiting time; (5) Need for better communication and information on the care pathway. Two minor themes were also produced. These findings highlighted that patients on the waiting list for spinal arthrodesis need more certainty about waiting times, better communication with hospital staff, more thorough information about their care pathway. This could help patients feel more confident and may lead to more adequate expectations before surgery. The study protocol was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov database on 14/03/2022 with ID number NCT06323694.

Phenomenological study: Spiritual life of older adults

Purpose: As getting older, individuals may face various physical, mental, and social challenges that are a natural part of life. In recent times, an increasing number of individuals have been exploring the potential benefits of spirituality in enhancing the overall quality of life and well-being for older adults. Spirituality can take on many forms, including religious beliefs, the pursuit of purpose and significance, and the comprehension of faith, among other areas. This research aims to thoroughly examine and uncover the spiritual practices and beliefs of older adults residing in East Java, Indonesia. Method: This study involved qualitative research using a phenomenological methodology to gather data from ten older adults (60-90 years old) living at home in Malang Raya, Jawa Timur Provinces, Indonesia. Data was gathered through in-depth interviews and observations which were analyzed using Colaizzi's phenomenological methodology. A total of 10 questions were asked in the interviews. Result: After conducting research, it was discovered that the spiritual experiences of older adult Indonesians could be categorized into eight distinct areas, which could be further grouped into two major themes and three minor themes. The two major themes were the recognition of an invisible power during the aging process and the importance of building a strong connection with God. Conclusion: The spiritual life of senior citizens is a significant source of strength and fortitude, providing them with the necessary resilience to face the physical and mental challenges that come with transcendence. It is essential to recognize the transformative nature of a strong spiritual foundation, which can uplift and empower older adults to overcome the difficulties that may arise in the later stages of life.

Elementary learning styles and application of the Dunn and Dunn learning style inventory model

This study explored the diverse learning styles of elementary pupils in an elementary school in the Philippines. It examined the application of the Dunn and Dunn Learning Style Inventory Model (DDL-SIM) to enhance educational outcomes. Recognizing the unique learning preferences of learners, the research aimed to bridge the gap in learning styles by implementing tailored teaching methods and strategies. Utilizing an explanatory mixed-methods research design, the study engaged all pupils using the complete enumeration sampling technique to ascertain their learning styles across five domains: environmental, emotional, sociological, physiological, and psychological. The survey questionnaire for the quantitative phase and the semi-structured interview guide questionnaire for the qualitative phase were employed, which were subjected to validity and reliability tests by the expert panel of evaluators. The study's data analyses utilized descriptive statistics, Spearman Rho correlation, and thematic analysis. As per the DDL-SIM, quantitative findings revealed significant emotional and physiological preferences, with significant relationships between demographic profiles and their learning styles. Qualitative insights underscored a holistic approach to learning as the generated major theme, emphasizing the interconnectedness of minor themes such as emotional intelligence, social dynamics, physical health, and environmental factors in the learning experiences. The study suggested that educators create tailored learning plans and gender-sensitive approaches and include emotional and physiological aspects in teaching. In support of varied learning styles, it promoted the DDL-SIM of educator’s professional development and parent and community participation. Hence, the DDL-SIM recognizes and addresses each learner's unique preferences, promoting a more inclusive and successful learning environment.

A retrospective study of pet owners' complaints against veterinary practices in Türkiye (2012-2021).

The objective of this study was to examine in detail the complaints against veterinarians submitted by pet owners and evaluated by the Turkish Veterinary Medical Association in Türkiye, with the aim to create awareness among Turkish veterinarians about the nature of the complaints and how they might reduce the risk of making medical errors. 127 files of complaints. A total of 127 written complaints from pet owners filed between January 2012 and December 2021 were analyzed. The pet owners' complaints were subjected to a conventional content analysis to identify the primary, secondary, and tertiary themes. Each case was evaluated by a 3-level complaint-coding taxonomy. The first level included 3 domains (themes), namely clinical, management, and relationship, while the second level was ordered in a total of 7 subcategories of complaint types. Thereafter, the third-level minor themes were grouped into related subcategories. From 127 file complaints, 296 specific issues were identified. Of these, 62% were in the clinical domain, 24% in the management domain, and 14% about poor behavior of the attending veterinarians. The most common (43%) complaint was medical errors. An increased awareness of common medical errors should be promoted among Turkish veterinarians in order to reduce the risk of negligence and malpractice.

Inclusive playgrounds: Caregiver perceptions of accessibility and use

This descriptive qualitative research aimed to explore the caregivers’ perceptions of children’s social and physical accessibility in inclusive playgrounds. The researchers conducted 11 in-depth interviews with caregivers regarding their perceptions of the accessibility and use of an inclusive playground by children with disabilities and how they perceive interactions between children with and without disabilities while using the playground. From the interviews, two major themes emerged. The first major category was physical accessibility, with three minor themes emerging: a) safety and physical accessibility; b) sensory and cognitive safety; and c) variety and options; and the second major category was social accessibility, with two minor themes: a) social interactions; and b) building friendships and practicing social skills.Overall, the participants in this study described the inclusive playgrounds as safe places that include varied play equipment, which encouraged children with and without disabilities to play together, interact verbally, and build immediate friendships. The findings highlight the importance of inclusive playgrounds as a starting place for enhanced community relationships. The researchers suggest conducting further research that focuses on children’s perceptions and including a broader range of children with varying disabilities using inclusive playgrounds.

"I Just Assumed This Was Already Being Done": Canadian Patient Preferences for Enhanced Data Sharing for Precision Oncology.

In Canada, health data are siloed, slowing bioinnovation and evidence generation for personalized cancer care. Secured data-sharing platforms (SDSPs) can enable data analysis across silos through rapid concatenation across trial and real-world settings and timely researcher access. To motivate patient participation and trust in research, it is critical to ensure that SDSP design and oversight align with patients' values and address their concerns. We sought to qualitatively characterize patient preferences for the design of a pan-Canadian SDSP. Between January 2022 and July 2023, we conducted pan-Canadian virtual focus groups with individuals who had a personal history of cancer. Following each focus group, participants were invited to provide feedback on early-phase analysis results via a member-checking survey. Three trained qualitative researchers analyzed data using thematic analysis. Twenty-eight individuals participated across five focus groups. Four focus groups were conducted in English and one in French. Thematic analysis generated two major and five minor themes. Analytic themes spanned personal and population implications of data sharing and willingness to manage perceived risks. Participants were supportive of increasing access to health data for precision oncology research, while voicing concerns about unintended data use, reidentification, and inequitable access to costly therapeutics. To mitigate perceived risks, participants highlighted the value of data access oversight and governance and informational transparency. Strategies for secured data sharing should anticipate and mitigate the risks that patients perceive. Participants supported enhancing timely research capability while ensuring safeguards to protect patient autonomy and privacy. Our study informs the development of data-governance and data-sharing frameworks that integrate real-world and trial data, informed by evidence from direct patient input.

Evaluation of the Perceived Benefits of a Peer Support Group for People with Mental Health Problems.

This paper reports on a service evaluation of PeerTalk, a nationwide charity that organises and facilitates peer support groups for individuals with depression. Therefore, the aim was to gather and synthesise benefits perceived by support group attendees. Thematic analysis was undertaken following the collection of data from two group interviews comprising PeerTalk support group attendees. Once those data were analysed, five key themes emerged: (1) talking/listening, (2) socialising, (3) contrast with other services, (4) personal benefits, and (5) structure and accessibility. Two further minor themes were also identified: (6) wider benefits and (7) areas for development that could lead to overall improvements to the service. PeerTalk's support groups provide multiple opportunities for attendees to meet others who have similar experiences within an environment that does not require formal engagement or commitment. Those that attend find benefit from supporting others and socialising within the group. These benefits are complementary to mainstream services that they may concurrently be involved with, rather than replacing or hindering them. Peer support groups can therefore provide a resource for healthcare professionals to which they can direct individuals who may feel benefit from engaging with other individuals with similar experiences. Sheffield Hallam University granted ethics approval for the study (ER:59716880) prior to its commencement (16 February 2024).

Successes and challenges of partnership working to tackle health inequalities using collaborative approaches to community-based research: mixed methods analysis of focus group evidence

BackgroundThe concept of collaborative approaches involves community residents in joint decision-making processes to maintain or enhance their material and social conditions. During COVID-19, public services saw the benefits of actively collaborating with communities and involving residents in decision-making processes. As communities have resources and assets, they are well-placed to contribute to developing local health and wellbeing initiatives. An interdisciplinary and nationally funded three-phase research programme, “Mobilising community assets to tackle health inequalities”, was established with the objective of utilising local, cultural, and natural assets to support health and wellbeing. The current study aimed to synthesise evidence collected by research teams awarded funding in phase one of the programme, comprising academic and non-academic, health and social care, voluntary and community partners.MethodsTen online focus groups were conducted with research teams from across the UK exploring the successes and challenges of partnership working to tackle health inequalities using collaborative approaches to community-based research. Eight focus group questions were split between partnership working and health inequalities.ResultsThematic and content analysis produced 185 subthemes from which 12 themes were identified. Major themes representing an above average number of coded responses were research evidence; funding; relationships with partners; health inequalities and deprivation; community involvement; and health service and integrated care systems. Minor themes were link workers and social prescribing; training and support; place-based factors; longevity of programmes; setting up and scaling up programmes; and mental health.ConclusionsSuccesses included employing practice-based and arts-based methods, being part of a research project for those not normally involved in research, sharing funding democratically, building on established relationships, and the vital role that local assets play in involving communities. Challenges involved a lack of sustainable financial support, the short-term nature of funding, inconsistencies in reaching the poorest people, obtaining the right sort of research evidence, making sufficient research progress, building relationships with already over-burdened health care staff, and redressing the balance of power in favour of communities. Despite the challenges, participants were mainly optimistic that collective approaches and meaningful co-production would create opportunities for future research partnerships with communities.

통합교육 지원 순회교육 실태 및 요구 조사

The purpose of this study is to analyze the current state of operation and demands for a better direction as itinerant education for supporting integrated education is legally enacted. To this end, focus group interviews (FGI) were conducted with special education teacher. These teachers were in charge of integrated education support itinerant education for special education students attending schools without special classes at special education support centers of all local education support offices under the Seoul Metropolitan Office of Education. As a result of the completed interviews, five major themes, 16 minor themes, and 54 meaning units were derived. Based on the research results, directions for better integrated education support and itinerant education were discussed and suggested.

Braverman and Labor and Monopoly Capital: A Retrospective

Abstract This paper appraises the work of Harry Braverman (1920–76), specifically his classic, Labor and Monopoly Capital, published in 1974 and remaining an influential reference for what has become the labour process approach to the study of work in capitalist societies. Labor and Monopoly Capital (LMC) reshaped what was then known as industrial sociology in the English-speaking world and was impactful across a range of disciplines, including history, organisation and management studies, comparative political economy, and labour geography. It is widely regarded as the foundational text of labour process theory (LPT). Fifty years after the initial publication of LMC, that theoretical approach is not only alive and well, but in the past decade, undergone something of a resurgence, influencing global communities of scholars. The paper takes a close look primarily at the text in its context, examining the genesis of the arguments, the distinctive biography of the author, and the structure of the book drawing out its major and minor themes, including a critical assessment of sources and evidence. We argue that the enormous impact of LMC can be explained by its successful challenge to existing orthodoxies about trajectories in work, technology, and management dominant in the social sciences and orthodox Marxism. This is followed up with a discussion of the reception, diffusion, and development of LMC comparatively and across different geographic domains and academic disciplines. As the debate on LMC eventually became a much broader programme of theory and research on the labour process, we consider some of the key points of differentiation from one of the foundational texts. Whilst acknowledging its enduring legacy, the final section argues that there is only a route forward from, rather than back to Braverman, given the profound changes to global capital and labour in the 50 years since LMC appeared.

Community Partners' Perceptions of the Benefits and Burdens of Participating in a Community Engagement Course with Medical Students.

Service-learning courses improve medical students' ability and willingness to participate in community engagement as future physicians. However, few studies examine the community partners' (CP) perceptions of the utility of these courses in accomplishing the goals of their organizations. This qualitative study sought to understand the CPs' perspective of the benefits and burdens they face while participating in a university-affiliated medical school's Community Learning and Social Medicine (CLSM) course. This was a qualitative focus group study conducted with CPs participating in the CLSM course. A trained facilitator virtually conducted focus groups. The study team recorded and professionally transcribed these conversations. The team subsequently developed a code book, and two independent coders analyzed all materials. The team used reflective thematic analysis to identify prominent themes. Fifteen out of 28 CPs participated in the study. The study team organized themes from the analysis into three categories: benefits to participation, challenges to participation, and minor themes. CP-perceived benefits to participating in the CLSM course included help with organizational activities, dissemination of clinically relevant skills to medical students, and effective engagement with community members. Barriers to participation included course constraints and a lack of clarity on course content and student expectations. CPs also described their role in medical student education as an extension of faculty members. Finally, CPs offered solutions for improving course communication among site leads, students, and course instructors. CPs acknowledged that this service-learning course provides collective benefit to students, community organizations, and community members. However, challenges such as navigating student schedules and understanding course expectations lead to additional work for CPs. Acting on suggestions for improvement will help secure this course's longevity and collective benefit to the community.

Communicative practices and perceptions towards stuttering people in South Africa.

A few studies have explored the life experiences of people who stutter. Research has shown that stuttering affects a significant number of people in the population. The study was designed to explore the experiences of people who stutter and the perception of stuttering in South Africa. Four people who identified as South Africans who stutter participated in this study. The primary investigator conducted semi-structured interviews with each of the participants. In addition, a questionnaire was administered to 20 acquaintances of all the participants. Transcriptions of interviews and results of questionnaires were analysed for major and minor themes. Results of this study suggest different perceptions by those who stutter and those acquainted with them. The findings of the study show that people who stutter experience communication barriers, so they adopt certain strategies to manage and cope with their speech disorder. The findings showed that stuttering has a pervasive impact on the lives of people who stutter and how they view themselves, considering negative societal views. Evaluation of the results from the study reveals that although stuttering is a common speech disorder, many people who are less informed about it harbour various stereotypes and myths that stigmatise stuttering. This study concludes by outlining recommendations for creating awareness of stuttering. It suggests vigorous campaigns aiming at promoting a multilevel approach that extends beyond the mere social and professional understanding of stuttering but addresses the inherent perceptions, myths, and stereotypes around stuttering.Contribution:Experiences of people who stutter and perceptions towards stuttering can help to better understand the speech disorder and overcome myths and stereotyping of stuttering.

Clinician-Spoken Plain Language in Health Care Encounters: A Qualitative Analysis to Assess Measurable Elements.

Good communication and use of plain language in health care encounters improve outcomes, including emotional health, symptom resolution, and functional status. Yet there is limited research on how to measure and report spoken plain language, which is the use of familiar, clear language. The authors aimed to describe key, measurable elements of spoken plain language that can be assessed and reported back to clinicians for self-reflection. The authors conducted secondary analysis of transcripts from recorded encounters between breast cancer surgeons and patients with early-stage breast cancer. Two coders used a hybrid qualitative analysis with a framework based on U.S. Federal Plain Language Guidelines. To develop major themes, they examined (1) alignment with the Guidelines and (2) code frequencies within and across transcripts. They also noted minor themes. From 74 transcripts featuring 13 surgeons, the authors identified 2 major themes representing measurable elements of spoken plain language: (1) clinicians had a propensity to use both explained and unexplained medical terms, and (2) clinicians delivered information using either short turns (one unit of someone speaking) with 1 topic or long turns with multiple topics. There were 3 minor themes that were not indicative of whether or not clinicians used spoken plain language. First, clinicians regularly used absolute risk communication techniques. Second, question-asking techniques varied and included open-ended, close-ended, and comprehension checks. Third, some clinicians used imagery to describe complex topics. Clinicians' propensity to use medical terms with and without explanation and parse encounters into shorter or longer turns are measurable elements of spoken plain language. These findings will support further research on the development of a tool that can be used in medical education and other settings. This tool could provide direct and specific feedback to improve the plain language practices of clinicians in training and beyond.

“I Just Know if I Keep Going, I’ll End Up Hating Nursing.” Lived Experiences of Emergency Nurses Three Years Into the Global COVID-19 Pandemic

IntroductionAs the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic continues globally, the personal and professional pressure on health care workers continues to accumulate. Literature suggests that as the pandemic evolves, nurses are experiencing increased levels of anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress, ultimately leading them to voice intentions to leave the profession, if they have not done so already. MethodsInformed by an interpretive hermeneutic phenomenological approach, this longitudinal study was designed to capture how the lived experiences of 9 emergency nurses evolved over the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, highlighting their feelings, attitudes, and perceptions toward working in the emergency department at this time in history. Interviews were undertaken in June 2022 and were analyzed using a thematic analysis approach. ResultsData analysis resulted in a total of 2 major themes and 8 minor themes. The 2 major themes included “exposed wounds” and “Band-Aid solutions.” Levels of burnout increased during the pandemic, with most of the emergency nurse participants dropping their hours, moving roles within the profession, or leaving the profession entirely. Findings elucidate where and how concerns may arise in clinical practice and holistic well-being among emergency nurses, particularly surrounding professional boundaries and protecting work-life balance and professional identity. DiscussionAs the world moves to managing coronavirus disease 2019 as a recognized common respiratory illness, providing time and space for emergency nurses to voice their concerns, design their well-being interventions, set professional boundaries, and reconnect with their professional passion may see lower attrition rates and higher levels of professional satisfaction in emergency nurses globally.

A qualitative investigation to identify return to sports criteria after shoulder stabilization surgery used by professional team physicians.

Purpose: Purpose of this study is to explore currently utilized readiness to return to sports (RTS) criteria after shoulder stabilization surgery used in elite athletes to gain novel insights into the RTS decision making process of professional team physicians.Methods: 19 qualitative semi-structured interviews with professional team physicians were conducted by a single trained interviewer. The interviews were used to identify team physician concepts and themes regarding the criteria used to determine RTS after shoulder stabilization surgery. General inductive analysis and a coding process were used to identify themes and sub-themes arising from the data. A hierarchical approach in coding helped to link themes.Results: We were able to identify five key themes that participating physicians focused on to determine RTS decision making: external influence, objective and subjective criteria, time elapsed since surgery and type of sport. The most important RTS criteria included: range of motion and muscle strength followed by clinical joint stability, time since surgery, ability of sporting movement, psychological readiness, functional testing, absence of pain and allied team support.Conclusion: This study identified several main themes and subordinate minor themes as having the most influence on RTS decision after shoulder surgery. We showed that even among specialized professional team physicians, the main criteria to RTS in these categories were inconsistent necessitating the future development of specific RTS guidelines.

Substance Use Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment in Urban Settings: Barriers and Facilitators to Implementation With Minoritized Youth.

Substance use in minoritized youth is associated with negative long-term health and life outcomes. The present study explores perspectives of school stakeholders at urban minority-serving schools regarding integration of an evidence-based intervention, screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) into existing school prevention models. Twenty-two participants were interviewed using the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to identify barriers and facilitators to SBIRT implementation. Qualitative data were transcribed, coded, and analyzed. Four major themes related to barriers to SBIRT implementation included: lack of training, unclear role expectations, student confidentiality, and punitive school climates. The 3 major facilitators included: the feasibility of the intervention, its fit within multi-tiered systems of support, and the districts increasing collaboration with community mental health providers. These major themes along with other minor themes are discussed. SBIRT implementation within low-income, minority-serving schools may reduce substance use disparities among minoritized youth, improving health and life outcomes. Recommendations addressed training, school climate, and student engagement, highlighting a collaborative and supportive approach involving all stakeholders. While SBIRT implementation has barriers and facilitators, overall, school staff were optimistic about implementation. In light of these findings, additional research should embed SBIRT in these settings.

Barriers and Facilitators to Dietary Salt Reduction Among Patients With Hypertension in Southern Nigeria: A Hospital-based Qualitative Study.

Reduction in salt intake improves blood pressure control and reduces the risk of hypertension and other noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). However, salt intake remains high among Nigerians. This study aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to salt reduction among hypertensive patients attending a family medicine clinic in southern Nigeria. A focussed group discussion (FGD) exploring patients' perceptions of the barriers and facilitators to salt reduction was conducted with 8 groups of purposefully selected 74 hypertensives who consumed excess dietary salt, stratified by age and sex, using an FGD guide. Thematic analysis was then performed using Nvivo® version 12 pro. Ethical approval was obtained from Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital (ISTH), and written informed consent was obtained from the patients before the FGD. Respondents had a mean age of 51.96 ± 8.98 years. The majority were females (47, 63.5%) and had uncontrolled blood pressure (66, 89.2%). Five major themes were identified, from which several minor themes emerged. Respondents rated their overall health as good but expressed concerns about their poor blood pressure control. Identified barriers to salt reduction included family pressure, ignorance, ready availability and affordability of salt and lack of affordable alternatives. Facilitators of salt reduction were measuring the amount of cooking salt, removing salt from the dining table and providing substitutes. Respondents, however, expressed willingness to reduce their salt consumption. The study identified barriers and facilitators to salt reduction. There is a need to create awareness of the safe amount of salt to be consumed and provide safe and readily available alternatives.

The pandemic experiences of Ontario perinatal providers: a qualitative study

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has produced widespread disruptions for healthcare systems across Canada. Perinatal care in Ontario, Canada was subject to province-wide public health restrictions, reallocation of hospital beds and human health resources. To better understand the impacts of the pandemic on Ontario perinatal care, this study explored the perspectives of perinatal care providers about their clinical COVID-19 pandemic experiences.MethodsSemi-structured key informant virtual interviews were conducted between August 2021 and January 2022 with 15 Ontario-based perinatal care providers. Recorded interviews were transcribed, and thematic content analysis used to identify major themes and subthemes.ResultsParticipants were mainly women, practicing in Eastern and Central Ontario as health providers (obstetricians, nurses, midwives), allied regulated health professionals (social worker, massage therapist), and perinatal support workers (doula, lactation consultant). Major themes and subthemes were identified inductively as follows: (1) Impacts of COVID-19 on providers (psychosocial stress, healthcare system barriers, healthcare system opportunities); (2) Perceived impacts of COVID-19 on pregnant people (psychosocial stress, amplification of existing healthcare barriers, influences on reproductive decision making; minor theme- social and emotional support roles); (3) Vaccine discourse (provider empathy, vaccines and patient family dynamics, minor themes- patient vaccine hesitancy, COVID-19 misinformation); and (4) Virtual pregnancy care (benefits, disadvantages, adaptation of standard care practices).ConclusionsPerinatal care providers reported significant stress and uncertainty caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and evolving hospital protocols. Providers perceived that their patients were distressed by both the pandemic and related reductions in pregnancy healthcare services including hospital limits to support companion(s). Although virtual pregnancy care impaired patient-provider rapport, most providers believed that the workflow efficiencies and patient convenience of virtual care is beneficial to perinatal healthcare.