In a recent study (3) internal as measured by the Adult Locus of Control Scale was negatively correlated with scores on the Pharisaic Virtue (1) scale. The latter, an MMPI research scale, was designed to measure self-righteous or hypocritical attitudes toward ochers and to correlate with scores on the Minnesota Teacher Attitude Inventory, a measure of democratic versus authoritarian approaches to others. The correlation between adult and Pharisaic Virtue scores corroborates other evidence that is related to teaching potentiality (3) and suggests that may be important in interpersonal relations. The present study was designed to test the reliability of the correlation between and Pharisaic Virtue using a college sample (Powell and Vega tested teachers and teacher-aides) and to examine the relationships between individual items on Pharisaic Virtue and scales. Ss were 55 students enrolled in introductory psychology, statistics, and survey history classes. The two scales were administered anonymously during a single class period; some Ss answered the one scale first while others answered the other first. On both scales higher scores indicated greater internal and more self-righteous attitudes. The scores were comparable to those obtained in the previous study (3); mean score was 19.60 (SD = 2.20) and mean self-righteous score 17.93 (SD = 5.5). The Pearsonian r between these was -.356 (df = 53, P .lo). Comparisons of scores on individual Pharisaic Virtue items and total showed 15 of the point-biserial rs L -.20, but only 7 were significant (P = .05, r --L - .27, df = 53). The point-biserial rs between MMPI Items 94, 336, 356, 357, 375, 404, and 439 and scores were, respectively, -.29, -.28, -.35, -.33, -31, -.32, and -.28. The specific of these items seemed to be related to over one's own feelings (e.g., Item 356) and impatience with others (Item 439). The results substantiate the findings (3) that feelings of internal are associated with less self-righteous or hypocritical attitudes toward others. It may be that such attitudes represent a defensive reaction against the feelings of exrernal and their consequences. The association between and interpersonal relations should be studied to determine the possible origins of and its specific influence on interpersonal behavior; this has already been suggested by Joe (2). Although ir is difficult to make inferences from the specific of MMPI items, since face validiry is considered to be of little or no importance, it is possible that the relationship between scores on the present scales resulrs largely from the control content of particular Pharisaic Virtue items.
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