Ministry Of Education And Culture Research Articles

Doing “more with less”: the entrepreneurialization of Finnish higher education and innovation policy discourses in 2015–2019

ABSTRACT In the past decades, the development of higher education institutions (HEIs) in industrialized countries has become intertwined with innovation policy and the goal of national competitiveness. Focusing on the discourses on innovation by the Ministry of Education and Culture (MEC), this article illustrates the transformation of Finnish higher education policy ideas in the late 2010s following the demise of the previous policy consensus built around the notion of the National Innovation System. Through a critical policy discourse analysis of 35 publications by the MEC, we demonstrate that its recent policy discourses are dominated by an increasingly market-centric strategy of entrepreneurialism in conditions of major cuts to the public funding of universities and R&D. This strategy has serious limitations and contradictions, which have generated institutional conflicts and hinder the development of a more sustainable and balanced innovation agenda for the Finnish higher education field.

The Effectiveness of Self-Organized Learning Environments Model to Enhance Students’ Critical Thinking

Self-Organized Learning Environments (SLE) is one of several models recommended by the Ministry of Education and Culture (MEC) as an innovative learning model to stimulate students’ critical thinking in learning History. This study aims to verify the effectiveness of the SLE model on students’ critical thinking in learning History. The study used a quantitative experimental method with one group pre-post test design using multiple-choice tests. The research participants were second-grade students of Social Science major at Public Senior High School 2 of Tanggul in the 2022/2023 academic year. The effectiveness was hypothesized in reference to the relative effectiveness test formula which sought to identify the difference between the participants’ pre-and post-test scores divided by the standard deviation. The analysis result marked a relative effectiveness test of 2.85, which implied a relatively high effectiveness of the instructional model. The research implications highlight the value of SLE as a reference to improve History teachers’ pedagogical competence as the precursor to achieving interactive, fun, and flexible learning experiences empowered by technology.

ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH TEXTBOOK FOR FIFTH GRADE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the English language textbook from Ministry of Education and Culture (MOEC) for grade 5 Elementary School Level, entitled “My Next Word 5”. As an evaluation method, content-analysis was used in this study. To evaluate this book, the researchers adapt the instrument from Minister of Education and Culture Regulation Number 8 of 2016 and the book evaluation from Cunnings worth (1995); (1) Materials, (2) Language (3) Materials presenting (4) Graphic. As a result of the evaluation, it was found that the textbook is suitable for learners in materials, language i.e., there was a topic that relevant with the curriculum, the content of the book is more practical so that it can improve students’ skills, there was reflection table for student on the last page in every page. This book meets the criteria, but there are a few things that could be improved, such as the presentation of culture that is balanced with the culture of the language being studied.

Professional education in state schools in Brazil, North and Amapá, between 2012 and 2022: a brief review

Brazilian state governments are responsible for providing secondary public education, both formal and EPT. The federal government, however, is the main regulator of public policies in education, through the Ministry of Education and Culture (MEC)[6]. The objective was to carry out a bibliographic review on professional education in state schools in Brazil, in the North and in Amapá, between 2012 and 2022. It was carried out in research databases such as Google Scholar, Periodicals CAPES, Mendeley – Reference Management Software, and Scientific Electronic Library Online – SciELO, between 2012 and 2022. Using the selected descriptors, 52,854 scientific documents were found, of which 11 met the requirements and are part of this review. The Federal Government invested in the expansion and expansion of the EPT and most Brazilian states requested this technical and financial assistance. Efficient supervision of financial resources transferred to states is almost non-existent. This implies discontinuing actions aimed at strengthening, expanding and expanding EPT in the states and updating data by the State Departments of Education in the National Information System for Professional and Technological Education (SISTEC). EPT goes beyond education for marketing purposes. In the state network it needs to be public, polytechnic and of quality. It is necessary to have and carry out more studies and surveys in order to have a greater number of consolidated data about it, and thus increase the understanding of what EPT is like in state education networks in the country.

KINERJA GURU DALAM UPAYA PENGUATAN KARAKTER SISWA

The study was conducted to find out how the teacher’s performance in an effort to strengthen thecharacter of students in Islamic Cultural History learning. Through inductive and comparative dataanalysis techniques, researchers seek to explain and interpret rationally, objectively and consistentwith the objectives and research problems. Strengthening character in Islamic Cultural History lessonsis certainly in line with character values that have been formulated by the Ministry of Education andCulture, but in Islamic Cultural History subjects there are also character values that refer to thenature of the Prophet. In implementing teacher performance, teachers try to master theory by applyinglearning principles well, in addition, through digital literacy media as a learning resource, teachersexplain about exemplary figures that can be used as models in efforts to strengthen student character.In addition to making Cultural History subjects less boring, this also spurred character strengtheningwhich was also formed by teachers through digital literacy, namely, the enthusiasm of students inusing digital as a source of knowledge.

Pesantren during the Pandemic: Resilience and Vulnerability

This paper describes PPIM’s research entitled “ The Impact and Resilience of Senior High School Education Institutions in Islamic Boarding Schools (Pesantren) during the COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis: Study of 15 Pesantren in Jakarta, Banten, and West Java” (PPIM, 2021). This study is to observe the resilience and vulnerability of a pesantren towards the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition, the research also aims to explore the role of nyai (a wife of kiai, a pesantren leader) during the pandemic. The study was conducted from May to November 2021. The result of this study was presented to the public in January 2022.The Ministry of Education and Culture (MEC) Republic of Indonesia reported that the pandemic impacted around 68 million students who were forced to do online learning (Puspita, 2021). Pesantren are one of the educational institutions in Indonesia that focus on Islamic teaching. One of the most critical aspects of a pesantren is the dormitory that enables students (santri) to live together in one environment. The essence of pesantren is to train the santri to be independent and educate them to have Islamic values. This essence can only be achieved through direct teaching. When most schools carried out online learning to avoid transmission of the COVID-19 virus, pesantren continued to conduct offline learning as mandated by the joint decision of four Ministries; MEC, Ministry of Religious Affairs (MORA), Ministry of Health (MOH), and Ministry of Home Affairs (MOHA) (Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan RI, 2020). Even though the Indonesian government has established a set of strict health protocols, it was found that 4.328 santri from 67 pesantren in 13 provinces were confirmed positive of COVID-19 in 2021 (Putri, 2021). A recent study by PPIM UIN Jakarta in 3 Islamic Universities found that pesantren alumni have lower knowledge, behaviour, and perception than non-pesantren alumni. In addition, the study also revealed that male students have more inadequate knowledge, behaviour, and perception than females (PPIM, 2021). On that note, the role of nyai is essential as the messenger of kiai to deliver accurate information and become a role model for santri in enforcing the rules.

The Problem of Online Learning in Islamic Primary School in Yogyakarta

In the rapid development of religion-based schools in Indonesia, especially Islam, this study intended to determine the problems experienced by students, parents, and teachers in Islamic primary school (Madrasah Ibtidaiyah) during online learning due to the pandemic Covid-19. This was a descriptive study using the online survey method. The data was collected using online open-ended questionnaires to 136 participants of elementary school students, parents, and teachers. It was found that students preferred play to study, they were lack of discipline in learning and felt bored studying at home. Whereas, the entire phone's memory, unstable internet connection, and lack of budget for internet connection were the most obstacle factors faced by parents and teachers. The teachers also had unlimited working time. Parents were also challenging to explain the materials for their children, challenging to build students' motivation, difficult to divide the time between work and guide their children to study. Therefore, the researcher recommends (1) applying learning rules to discipline students learning activities during online learning, (2) consulting with teachers or find appropriate sources to explain difficult materials i.e. free access to online learning media provided by the Ministry of Education and Culture (MoEC) to enrich learning sources, (3) creating a comfortable learning atmosphere, trying to learn outdoor and interspersed with fun activities are essential methods to kill children boredom in online learning, and (4) equipping teachers with online learning skills i.e. the use of technology, software, and teaching online method in long term teacher education program (Pendidikan Profesi Guru/PPG) to improve teachers' teaching quality in online teaching.

An overview of physics and physics teaching in Brazil: Physicists, physics teachers and physics licensure programs

This paper is part of a study that aims to present a panorama of the teaching of physics in Brazil, contributing to the memory of physics teaching in this country. It also aims to support research of greater amplitude, to be carried out in the future in other member countries of IUPAP (International Union of Pure and Applied Physics). In this part of the study, data from several sources were considered, among others, Brazilian Society of Physics (BSP), the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), the Nacional Institute of Pedagogical Studies (INEP) and the Ministry of Education and Culture (MEC). Due to the wide range of information obtained and the multiple possibilities of analysis, we chose to explore and interpret part of the data here and, for that matter, we used documentary analysis only. The data analyzed allowed us to establish, for example, relationships between the number of students attending high school in Brazilian public schools, the number of licensed teachers who work in these schools in each state of the country. These data also allowed us to link with data from the literature on the subject, which consider the causes of teaching avoidance and undergraduate courses in Physics, aggravating factors for the precarious situation of the medium level physics teaching in the country.

Information Management and Information System Analysis to Support the Achievement of University Performance Agreements with the Government

State Universities in Indonesia have college performance agreement with Ministry of Education and Culture (MoEC) that consists of performance indicators and target achievements in a year. For assuring the integration, availability, and data validity of performance indicators, good information management with utilized information system is needed by entire working unit. Information management process to support data collection and target achievements on college performance agreement with MoEC in Brawijaya University still has many deficiencies. The process involves many stakeholders because it covers all areas of business in Brawijaya University (UB). Quality Asurance Center in UB as the unit that collects and processes the data of target achievements complained about data collection that takes a long time and it is often incomplete. The faculties, study programs, and other units experience the unavailability of most data and target performance indicators on information system that is used as reference for implementing business processes. The problem responded lightly by Information and Communication Technology Unit in Brawijaya University with consideration that Information System used is in accordance with the needs of the academic community. On the other hand, the responses about the problem from the lecturers, staff, and students are different. This research tries to explore and evaluate the problem and formulate the steps of transformations to refine the situation by using Soft Systems Methodology (SSM) with some additional Root Cause Analysis (RCA) stages. The major contribution of the research is giving the insights about the problem thoroughly comprising various perspective of stakeholders, transforming the refinement of the situation presented in conceptual model, and the stakeholders’ assessment of the conceptual model. This research also visualizes the implementation of RCA to dig up more perspective of the stakeholders and helps identifying the activities to construct conceptual model.

Effects of WhatsApp Based Online Learning to Students' Satisfaction during COVID-19 Mitigation in Rural Area of Indonesia

Covid-19 pandemic has a significant impact on learning practices in various countries. The Government of Indonesia conducts Covid-19 Mitigation in various sectors, including education. MOEC (Ministry of Education and Culture) issued regulations to organize knowledge using online learning at all levels of schools in all regions. Elementary schools in rural areas face obstacles in implementing online learning according to government regulations during the pandemic. Teachers use a variety of applications when carrying out online learning. Teachers use social media applications the most in education during this rapid change situation. One of the social media used during this mitigation is WhatsApp. This study aims to describe the response of learner’s satisfaction in Nusa Tenggara Timur, Indonesia, during online learning with this media. This research is a quantitative descriptive study using the COLLES questionnaire. This questionnaire was created using Google Form and distributed through WhatsApp Group to students. The sampling technique used was the purposive sampling of 123 students who joined online lectures using this media. The results of this study show that students are generally satisfied with online learning. Some aspects that need to be improved are at the level of appreciation, lecturer feedback during lectures. These results provide optimism for online learning as a new learning process in the modern era after Covid-19 mitigation ends.

The Anomali on Technology Readiness Profile of Elementary School Teachers in Online Learning Amid Covid-19

The Ministry of Education and Culture (MOEC) of Indonesia issued a policy for online learning in all schools, including provinces with limited internet facilities. This study aims to explain the readiness of elementary school teachers in the rural or remote areas in applying online learning. The method used in this study is was ex-post facto. Technology readiness is was measured based on four factors: Optimism (4 items), Innovativeness (4 items), Discomfort (4 items), and Insecurity (4 items). The Likert scale ranged from 1 (Strongly Disagree) to 5 (Strongly Agree). The analysis used Two-way ANOVA and Cluster Analysis. Data from field observations were used to provide a deeper explanation of the statistical analysis. The analysis shows that three segments appear namely Explorers, Pioneers, and Laggards. The immediate implementation of the online learning has caused the Skeptics and Paranoid segments not appear. This study implies that educational policy-makers need to pay attention to the Internet access and the availability of mobile phones as constraints in online learning in rural or remote areas.

PERSEPSI ORANG TUA TERHADAP SURAT EDARAN KEMENDIKBUD TENTANG BELAJAR DARI RUMAH DIMASA PANDEMIC COVID 19

This study aimed to depict parents’ perceptions of the Ministry of Education and Culture (MOEC) circular about learning from home during Covid-19 pandemic through a case study in Air Bening Village, Dusun III. This was a field study using a descriptive qualitative approach. The data were collected through interviews, observations and documentation for the sake of garnering the data concerning relevant matters. The results of this study demonstrated that parents' perceptions indicated that MOEC circular about learning at home during the Covid-19 pandemic period was felt to be not running effectively and efficiently. It was because in teaching and learning processes parents turned into a teacher who had to be able to master various learning materials. In the meantime, parents did not understand the materials and contents of their children’s assignments due to their low educational backgrounds. Parents complained about online learning implemented by schools because they lacked the mastery of the facilities available on Android, except only for communicating or accessing photos. Even, some were still unable to use Android properly. In addition, internet networks were inadequate, and students or children played more than learned so that during this pandemic students only learned when they had assignments from the teacher. The rest of their time was not used to rehearse the subject matters.

“Isso para mostrar como era o pioneirismo”: depoimento de Milo Darci Aita (*18/12/1917 +25/07/2010)

Este texto trata de apresentar uma entrevista com Milo Darci Aita, realizada pela professora Janice Zarpellon Mazo, no ano de 1993. O depoimento de Milo Aita denota sua atuação nos primórdios do Centro de Educação Física (CEF), da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), fundado em 11 de dezembro de 1969, e; posteriormente, no Departamento de Educação Física e Desportos (DEFD), do então Ministério da Educação e Cultura (MEC). Ademais, traz indícios de distintas práticas sociais que foram adotadas e compartilhadas entre os pioneiros do CEF, a fim de se engendrar os currículos do curso de Licenciatura em Educação Física, iniciado em 1970. Relata as adversidades com relação à recursos humanos, instalações físicas, dentre outras enfrentadas na época. O depoimento repleto de saudosismo, revela significados do CEF/UFSM à trajetória de Milo Aita, que só se aposentou da instituição quando completou 70 anos de vida.

Cursos de Letras: critérios de avaliação do MEC-INEP e o conceito de emancipação humana

Esta pesquisa é caracterizada pela investigação dos critérios de avaliação dos cursos de Letras português-inglês, estabelecidos pelo Ministério da Educação e Cultura (MEC) em relação ao conceito de emancipação humana de cunho materialista histórico dialético. O objetivo geral é discutir os critérios de avaliação de cursos de Letras de maior conceito pelo MEC, realizada pelo Instituto Nacional Anísio Teixeira, comparando-os com a temática da formação de professores para a emancipação humana. Desse modo, tomou-se como objeto de análise a Nota Técnica n. 72 (INEP, 2014) e textos de base marxista a partir de uma análise contextual, do segmento de orientação temática e do segmento de tratamento temático e dos mecanismos enunciativos de modalização sob a fundamentação teórica interacionista sociodiscursiva, conforme Bronckart (1999). Os resultados evidenciaram que os critérios de avaliação estabelecidos no documento investigado divergem majoritariamente do conceito de emancipação humana identificado nos textos analisados.

O ensino de desenho em livros de educação artística na década de 1970: nova área, velho conteúdo?

Este artigo problematiza o ensino de desenho por meio do estudo de livros didáticos específicos para a Educação Artística, editados na década de 1970 a partir da promulgação da Lei Federal nº 5.692/71, que tornou obrigatório o ensino da nova área nos currículos escolares. Para tanto, as relações entre texto, imagem e suporte material serão tensionadas a partir das reflexões de Roger Chartier (1990, 2001). Como fontes, selecionamos as coleções Comunicação pela Arte (1973-1980) e Educação Artística (1975-1978). Também foram considerados manuais de desenho geométrico em circulação antes da instituição da obrigatoriedade da educação artística na escola, além de documentos oficiais, como leis, pareceres do Ministério de Educação e Cultura (MEC) e indicações do Conselho Federal de Educação (CFE). Os livros analisados são marcados por uma remodelação material que incluiu a presença de imagens de tipologias diversas e o uso de uma linguagem mais direta e próxima do aluno, apresentando o ensino de desenho não mais meramente como especialidade técnica, mas articulado com outros campos das artes visuais, como a gravura, a pintura e a história da arte. Apontam igualmente para a persistência da disciplina na cultura escolar, bem como de temas de caráter técnico ou decorativo, porém com nova configuração, buscando contemplar uma concepção de arte mais ampla, incluindo a comunicação visual.

AVALIAÇÃO DOS CONTEÚDOS DE BOTÂNICA ABORDADOS EM LIVROS DIDÁTICOS DE BIOLOGIA

O livro didático é um recurso valoroso para professores estudantes no apoio ao desempenho escolar e, para facilitar a relação entre ambas às partes, é necessário que esse recurso didático esteja atualizado, de acordo com as novas diretrizes para o Ensino Médio, diminuindo o tradicional ato mecânico da memorização. Nesse sentido, por haver problemáticas relacionadas aos conteúdos da Botânica nos livros de Biologia do Ensino Médio, surgiu a ideia de fazer um trabalho para fundamentar os professores de Biologia na análise desses conteúdos. Fazer a seleção desses livros constitui uma tarefa de extrema importância para uma aprendizagem significativa. Para isso, é preciso estabelecer critérios específicos no intuito da escolha eficiente desses livros. O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido a partir de quatro dos principais livros utilizados nas escolas públicas e particulares do município de Areia-PB, indicados pelo Ministério da Educação e Cultura (MEC) para o triênio de 2015 a 2017. Cada conteúdo foi analisado criticamente por obra, indicando-se os autores que melhores trabalham o referido conteúdo.

Dataset on determinants of intention and investment behaviour amongst young Indonesian millennials.

The dataset examines three factors (i.e. financial literacy, self-control, peer-influence) that influence investment behaviour amongst young Indonesian millennials. Using a non-probability sampling technique, a total of 265 young millennials attending Investment Gallery seminar and workshop events in Jakarta, Indonesia completed an investment behaviour survey. The reflective measurement was performed using the Partial Least Square Structural Equation Model (PLS-SEM) to the screened data from the survey (N = 213). The measurement includes the evaluation of outer loading, internal reliability, and convergent reliability. The final equation model was evaluated and estimated using SmartPLS v.3.3.2 program. The dataset is beneficial for companies seeking for potential investors from young millennials. The dataset also provides valuable insights for the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture (MoEC) and universities, particularly the faculty of economy and business in preparing their students with the financial literacy and investment knowledge.

Dancing with Legitimacy: Globalisation, Educational Decentralisation, and the State in Indonesia

Dancing with Legitimacy: Globalisation, Educational Decentralisation, and the State in Indonesia

Relevance Of Bahasa Indonesia Main Materials With HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills)

This article aims to analyze the relevance of Bahasa Indonesian subject matter revised of 2017 Integrated Thematic book for Grade IV at semester one published by the Ministry of Education and Culture (MOEC) with High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS). This research was conducted because HOTS is one of the necessary skills in the 21st century so that the material of Bahasa Indonesian subject matter in the thematic teaching book must be relevant to HOTS because the teaching material is one aspect that affects the implementation of learning activities. A descriptive qualitative was applied to conduct this study. The primary data source was Thematic Books (both for teacher and student) for semester one at Grade IV of primary school. Data were analyzed using a content analysis based on Bloom's taxonomy theory because the theory makes the level of human thinking level from the lowest to the highest. The results showed 27 indicators that contain HOTS, which are five indicators in theme 1, 3 indicators in theme 2, 6 indicators in theme 3, 8 indicators in theme 4, and 5 indicators in theme 5. Bahasa Indonesian subject matter contained in the integrated Grade IV of Revision 2017 published by Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan is relevant to HOTS.

AULAS PRESENCIAIS EM TEMPOS DE PANDEMIA: relatos de experiências de professores do nível superior sobre as aulas remotas

Este estudo buscou analisar e apresentar os dados obtidos através de pesquisa por meio do método quali-quantitativo, os impactos identificados e relatados pelos profissionais de educação do ensino superior, do município do Rio de Janeiro e Região Metropolitana, mediante isolamento social, sobre suas experiências do novo modelo de aula proposto pelas instituições, denominado como aula remota. As IES foram fechadas por determinação Ministério da Educação e Cultura (MEC) através da portaria nº 343 de 17 de março de 2020, e autoriza a substituição das aulas presenciais nas instituições de ensino do país, por aulas que favoreçam os meios e as tecnologias de informação e comunicação. Neste contexto, esta pesquisa volta-se a dar vozes aos educadores, na tentativa de compreender a visão deles sobre as dimensões do acesso ao ensino e às condições oferecidas pelas instituições, com a pretensão de obter respostas as implicações descritas no objetivo geral e específicos desse trabalho. Desse modo, apresentamos em relatos e discussões, a tabulação dos dados obtidos, utilizando a estatística descritiva das respostas para apresentá-las aos leitores. Nos utilizamos de gráficos, com fins a aprimorar e demonstrar a amplitude da pesquisa. E, por fim, nas considerações finais, além de relatar a ampla análise do estudo, deixamos reflexões para futuras pesquisas, a respeito da concussão da COVID-19 no âmbito educacional e cultural.