Ministerio De Ciencia E Innovacion Research Articles

ChemInform Abstract: Heterocycle‐Based Bifunctional Organocatalysts in Asymmetric Synthesis

The Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN) (projects CTQ2010-20387, and Consolider Ingenio 2010, CSD2007-00006), the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) (projects CTQ2013-43446-P and CTQ2014-51912-REDC), FEDER, the Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO 2009/039 and PROMETEOII/2014/017), the Basque Government (GV Grant IT-291-07), the FP7 Marie Curie Actions of the European Commission via the ITN ECHONET network (MCITN-2012-316379) and the Universities of Alicante and Basque Country are gratefully acknowledged for financial support. We also thank for technical and human support provided by IZO-SGI SGIker of UPV-EHU and European funding (ERDF and ESF).

ChemInform Abstract: Efficient Organocatalyst Supported on a Simple Ionic Liquid as a Recoverable System for the Asymmetric Diels—Alder Reaction in the Presence of Water.

This work was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN) and FEDER Program (Madrid, Spain, project CTQ2013-44367-C2-1-P) and the Gobierno de Aragon (Zaragoza, Spain. D.R.-L. thanks the Spanish Ministry of Education (MEC) for a pre-doctoral grant (FPU program). We thank the Italian Ministry of University and Scientific Research (MIUR) for a doctoral grant and the University of Calabria for financial support.

ChemInform Abstract: First Practical and Efficient Synthesis of 3‐Phosphorylated β‐Carboline Derivatives Using the Pictet—Spengler Reaction.

The authors are thankful for financial support by the Mexican Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (CONACYT) for financial support via project 181816, by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN), FEDER (grant number CTQ2010- 17436) and by the Gobierno de Aragon-FSE (research group E40). J. L. V.-C. also thank CONACYT for graduate scholarships.

ChemInform Abstract: Rhodium‐NHC Hybrid Silica Materials as Recyclable Catalysts for [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloaddition Reactions of Alkynes.

Financial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN) (grant numbers CTQ2011-23121, CTQ2009-07881, CTQ2012-32436, CTQ2011-22649, CSD2007-00006) and by the Generalitat de Catalunya (grant numbers 2009SGR637, 2009SGR1441, and predoctoral grant to M. Fernandez) is acknowledged. M. Ferre thanks the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona for a predoctoral scholarship

Satisfacción de los socios con las cooperativas agrarias. Una explicación a partir de la Teoría de los Derechos de Propiedad

La Teoria de los Derechos de Propiedad resulta de gran utilidad para comprender los factores que influyen en la satisfaccion de los socios con la cooperativa y, en definitiva, en la supervivencia y exito de esta singular organizacion. Esta teoria revela importantes diferencias con las empresas capitalistas en cuanto a la forma en que los socios ejercen sus derechos de propiedad. Asi, en las cooperativas sus socios ejercitan estos derechos en funcion a la actividad cooperativizada que realizan y, ademas, estas organizaciones presentan limitaciones en la transferencia de estos derechos en lo relativo a quien se pueden transferir y al valor de la transmision. Estas peculiaridades de las cooperativas en cuanto al tratamiento de los derechos de propiedad conllevan una serie de ineficiencias que se concretan en los problemas del polizon, horizonte temporal y riesgo. La consecuencia mas importante de estos problemas es que desincentivan la realizacion de inversiones por los socios y comprometen el crecimiento y la supervivencia de la cooperativa. Los resultados del estudio empirico, realizado con la informacion obtenida de una encuesta a 277 socios de cooperativas agrarias, confirman que en la medida en que se reducen los problemas asociados con el polizon, el horizonte temporal y el riesgo, aumenta la satisfaccion de los socios con la cooperativa. De aqui la importancia de que los responsables de administrar las cooperativas agrarias introduzcan mecanismos adecuados para atenuar los problemas asociados a la singular forma de ejercer los socios sus derechos de propiedad.

Enantioselective catalytic lithiation using a chiral binaphthyl derivative as electron carrier

Financial support from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN) of Spain (Project Nos. CTQ2007-65218, CTQ2011-24165, Consolider Ingenio 2010 CSD2007-00006), the Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO/2009/0349 and FEDER), and the Universidad de Alicante is acknowledged.

Structures of Hemi‐Curcuminoids in the Solid State and in Solution

AbstractHemi‐curcuminoids are derivatives of the antioxidant radical scavenger curcumin in which one styryl moiety is missing but the β‐diketone functionality is maintained. Five such derivatives have been prepared, and the X‐ray molecular structures for all of them have been determined. The tautomerism of the five compounds has been studied by NMR in the solid state and in solution. An enol–enol proton transfer barrier has been determined.

ChemInform Abstract: NHC‐Ligand Effectiveness in the Fluorine‐Free Hiyama Reaction of Aryl Halides.

Financial support from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN) (project numbers CTQ2007-65218, CTQ2011-24165), from Consolider Ingenio 2010 (CSD2007-00006), from the Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO/2009/0349), and from the Fondos Europeos para el Desarrollo Regional (FEDER) is acknowledged. I. P. thanks the MICINN for a predoctoral fellowship.

ChemInform Abstract: Heterocyclic Carbene—Metal‐Catalyzed Csp2—Csp2 and Csp—Csp2 Couplings Using Nonmetallic Substrates

AbstractReview: <80 refs.

Selective Formation of Oligomeric Kv7.5 (KCNQ5)/KCNE1 and Kv7.5 (KCNQ5)/KCNE3 Channels. Differential Targeting to Membrane Surface Microdomains

Kv7 (KCNQ) proteins form a family of voltage-gated potassium channels that is comprised of five members, Kv7.1-Kv7.5. While Kv7.1 is crucial in the heart, the Kv7.2-Kv7.5 channels contribute to the M-current in the nervous system. In addition, Kv7.5 is expressed in muscles, where its physiological role is currently under evaluation. Kv7 associations with KCNE accessory subunits (KCNE1-5) enhance channel diversity. KCNE peptides control the surface expression, voltage-dependence, kinetics of gating, unitary conductance, ion selectivity and pharmacology of several channels. KCNE subunits have been primarily studied in the heart; however, their activity in the brain and in many other tissues is being increasingly recognized. Here, we found that Kv7.5 and KCNE subunits are present in myoblasts. Therefore, oligomeric associations may underlie some Kv7.5 functional diversity in skeletal muscle. Expression in Xenopus oocytes and HEK-293 cells demonstrates that KCNE1 and KCNE3, but none of the other KCNE subunits, associate to Kv7.5. While KCNE1 slows activation and suppresses inward rectification, KCNE3 inhibits Kv7.5 currents. Furthermore, KCNE1 increases Kv7.5 currents in HEK cells. The membrane targeting is also affected. Biochemical isolation of lipid rafts demonstrates that Kv7.5 barely locates in rafts. KCNE1 and KCNE3 show differential targeting. While KCNE3 targets to rafts, KCNE1 does not. Association of Kv7.5 with KCNE3 impairs KCNE3 targeting to rafts and this is further supported by FRAP analysis. Our results have physiological relevance since Kv7.5 is abundant in skeletal and smooth muscle and its association with KCNE peptides may fine-tune cellular responses.Supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN), Spain (BFU2005-00695, BFU2008-00431 and CSD2008-00005).

Cold Thermoreceptors, Unexpected Players in Tear Production and Ocular Dryness Sensations

Supported by the Spanish MICINN (Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion): projects BFU2008-04425 (CB) and SAF2008-00529 (JG), and by Consolider-Ingenio 2010 CSD2007-00023.