Mining Business Research Articles

Методология стратегического управления угледобывающими предприятиями в чрезвычайный период

The article features the strategic management of coal mining companies in Russia under the current Western sanctions. The research objective was to identify the optimal methodological approaches and priority strategic measures that would ensure the sustainable long-term development of coal-mining enterprises affected by the sanctions. The authors identify the threats to coal mining enterprises caused by the sanctions, as well as their impact on the sustainable development of the mining industry. They compiled a list of strategic measures that could change the development strategy of coal mining enterprises in the context of external sanctions pressure. First, the logistics chains between the Eastern ports and the Asia-Pacific market should be reorganized. Second, coal mining enterprises should be technologically independent. Third, the interaction between the regional authorities and coal mining businesses requires new models. The article also proves the expediency of the strategic approach and methodological recommendations to managing the sustainable development of coal mining companies in the context of a long-term sanctions. The scientific and methodological apparatus of the coal mining strategic management is a promising scientific matter that requires a further analysis.

Human Resources for Local Goat Breeders in Post-Mining Land Areas in Pomalaa District, Indonesia

The ruminant livestock population in Southeast Sulawesi in 2021 for goats is spread evenly in 17 urban districts with a total of 195,575 heads. Goat farming in general in Southeast Sulawesi does not yet have a clear direction and purpose because breeders who raise goats are still extensive or semi-intensive. Local goats such as the Kacang goat and the Ettawa breed are the types of goats that are kept by many breeders in this area. Southeast Sulawesi has 69 mining business units with the largest area in North Konawe Regency at 2.400.6 hectares, Kolaka Regency at 1.215.28 hectares, and South Konawe Regency with 3.686.27 hectares owned by PT Antam Tbk and PT Vale Indonesia Tbk. This study explicitly examines the resources of local goat breeders in the post-mining land area in Polamalaa District, Kolaka Regency with a purposive sampling technique. The findings are then analyzed descriptively to reveal the actual phenomena and events that occurred during the research. The findings showed that the average age of the respondents as local goat breeders ranged from 46-60 years, which was dominated by men with the lowest level of education who had not graduated from elementary school. In addition to having a job as a breeder, the majority of breeders work in the food crop agriculture sector with more than 15-20 years of farming experience

CRIMINAL LAW ENFORCEMENT OF URUK SOIL WITHOUT MINING BUSINESS LICENSE (IUP)

The government has the authority to control and guarantee the availability of natural resources for the benefit of society. Within its authority, the government has regulated and provided guidelines for the exploitation of natural resources in the mining sector in Indonesia through Law No. 4 of 2009 concerning Mineral and Coal Mining (Minerba Constitution). This research aims to determine criminal liability and criminal law enforcement of the mining of uruk soil without a Mining Business License (IUP). The method used in this research is normative legal research. The results showed that several conditions must be filled for a person or legal entity to be sentenced, including the existence of a criminal act committed, the ability to be responsible and the element of error of intentionality or negligence. As stipulated in article 158 of the Law of the Republic of Indonesia number 4 of 2009 concerning Mineral and Coal mining. Law enforcement by the police of the Directorate of Special Criminal Investigation of East Java Regional Police, through investigation, has succeeded in finding suspects on behalf of supono or supo. Based on witness statements, expert statements, suspect statements, and evidences, it have fulfilled the criminal elements of mining uruk and sand land without being equipped with a Mining Business License (IUP) as stipulated in article 158 of RI Law number 4/2009 concerning Mineral and Coal mining.

KEBERHASILAN REKLAMASI LAHAN BEKAS TAMBANG BATUBARA STUDI KASUS IZIN USAHA PERTAMBANGAN DI KABUPATEN TANAH BUMBU PROVINSI KALIMANTAN SELATAN

The assessment of the success rate of reclamation uses a reference assessment of PERMENHUT 60 of 2009 with scoring of three criteria, namely: Land arrangement with a score of 30%, control of erosion and sedimentation with a score of 20%, and revegetation with a score of 50%. The reclamation success rate assessment result based on the total score is both >80, medium 60-80, and ugly <60. The implementation of reclamation of mining business permits based on the calculation of the total value obtained a value of 48.5 which shows that the reclamation results are included in the ugly criteria (reclamation results are unacceptable and intensive maintenance is needed), so it is necessary to carry out reclamation repairs. The reclamation criteria that received a less assessment was the implementation of revegetation which had the lowest value, namely, 14 out of 50 weights and erosion and sedimentation control had a value of 12 out of 20, while land management had a value of 22.5 out of a weight of 30. Activities that can be carried out to improve reclamation on former mining business permit land are land management, reducing landslides, erosion, and sedimentation, improving the quality of physical and chemical soil properties with regular fertilization and liming, spraying pesticides, cleaning cover crop windings on plants periodically carried out, reselecting cover crops, selecting sengon plants as pioneer plants, selection of jackfruit plants as local insert crops, then the commitment of policymakers in the implementation of reclamation, fulfillment of labor competencies, remaking of erosion and sedimentation control facilities, and providing facilities and infrastructure for breeding diverse plants.

Determinant tax aggressiveness in Indonesia: The Influence of Profitability, Leverage, and Liquidity

Tax is one of the important elements that contribute to community service. The purpose of this research is to determine the relationship between tax aggression (TA) and the factors of Profitability (PRFT), Leverage (LVG), and Liquidity (LIQ). This study used secondary data from the company's annual report accessed through the company's official www.idx.co.id website. The research population consisted of the 48 mining businesses listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the years 2017 and 2021. Purposive sampling used a sample of 70 company data to select the sample in this study. The data analysis method involved in this study was multiple regression analysis. The data were analyzed using version 25 of the SPSS software for Windows. The results of this study show that PRFT and LIQ affect TA, while LVG does not affect TA. This research can contribute to the government, especially in increasing taxpayer compliance through factors that influence TA

Generic Multi-Layered Digital-Twin-Framework-Enabled Asset Lifecycle Management for the Sustainable Mining Industry

In the era of digitalization, many technologies are evolving, namely, the Internet of Things (IoT), big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence (IA), and digital twin (DT) which has gained significant traction in a variety of sectors, including the mining industry. The use of DT in the mining industry is driven by its potential to improve efficiency, productivity, and sustainability by monitoring performance, simulating results, and predicting errors and yield. Additionally, the increasing demand for individualized products highlights the need for effective management of the entire product lifecycle, from design to development, modeling, simulating, prototyping, maintenance and troubleshooting, commissioning, targeting the market, use, and end-of-life. However, the problem to be overcome is how to successfully integrate DT into the mining business. This paper intends to shed light on the state of art of DT case studies focusing on concept, design, and development. The DT reference architecture model in Industry 4.0 and value-lifecycle-management-enabled DT are also discussed, and a proposition of a DT multi-layered architecture framework for the mining industry is explained to inspire future case studies.

EVALUASI KEBIJAKAN TAMBANG MINYAK DAN GAS BUMI (MIGAS)

The purpose of this research is to find out how well oil and gas management policies comply with applicable regulations. The research location is in Jambe Bay, Kedungbanteng Village, Tanggulangin District, Sidoarjo Regency. Interviews, observations, and written notes were used as data collection methods in this qualitative research. As well as primary and secondary data are used as data sources. The research findings show that PT. MinarakBrantas Gas in managing the gas mine in TelukJambe, Kedungbanteng village, tends to ignore the applicable regulations as stipulated in Law No. 22 of 2001 concerning Oil and Gas and Regional Regulation No. 6 of 2009 concerning spatial planning for the Sidoarjo Regency area in 2009-2029. It can be seen as follows: (1) In terms of policy effectiveness, mining business actors have not been effective in providing employment opportunities for local communities and have not been effective in developing village territories (2) In terms of policy responsiveness, it can be seen from the rejection of the community which has an impact on gas mining activities (3) In terms of policy smoothing, with the existence of a mining licensing policy, mine managers will benefit more than the affected communities. (4) Regarding the accuracy of the policy, the management of the gas mine in the village of Kedungbanteng is dominated by negative impacts such as damaged roads and land subsidence which causes flooding in settlements and rice fields belonging to the people of Kedungbanteng village

Stock Valuation and Financial Performance of Nickel Mining Company in Indonesia (Case Study: PT Vale Indonesia Tbk)

Indonesia is home to 22% of the world’s nickel deposits, and its restriction on nickel ore exports since 2020 has resulted in significant changes to the supply chains of vital items such as electric vehicles and the stainless steel sector. Approximately 75% of nickel is used in the manufacturing of stainless steel, the most common use of nickel. However, nickel is also essential for the fabrication of electric vehicle (EV) battery cathodes, which are required for the shift to green energy. Current EV battery demand accounts for around 7% of worldwide output, but anticipated increases in EV demand will result in an exponential increase in nickel demand. The exponential increase in nickel demand led to volatility in global nickel prices. Volatility in global nickel prices is affecting companies that operate nickel mining businesses. PT Vale Indonesia Tbk (INCO) is listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange as one of the nickel mining firms operating in the nickel mining business (IDX). The volatility of the global nickel price is both a breath of fresh air and a problem for the firm. INCO may also participate in and benefit from the rising worldwide demand for nickel in the foreseeable future. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the intrinsic value of a nickel mining company in order to assist investors in making decisions in the current market environment. Evaluation of financial performance over the last five years and projections for the next five years using absolute and relative valuation methodologies. The author suggests investors to purchase this stock using a risk-reward assessment suited to each investor’s circumstances and the potential return earned. Referring to the stock valuation evaluation, investors are recommended to purchase if the price of INCO falls below the range of IDR 6,051 to IDR 6,335. When the market price is inside and above the intended range, it is not advisable for an investor to purchase INCO.

FOREIGN SHARE OWNERSHIP LIMITS IN THE BUSINESS FIELD OF MINERAL AND COAL MINING ON PEOPLE’S WELFARE

<p>Natural Resources as an unrenewable resources are a gift from God Almighty and owned by the Indonesian people, according to Article 33 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution, and their management must be used to realize people’s welfare. In practice, the management of mineral and coal mining is carried out by involving foreign investors who require security guarantee for their business and investment. This research aims to answer the problem regarding setting limits on foreign share of ownership in the mineral and coal mining business sector in Indonesia and its implementation. This problem is then used as a basis for consideration to realize policies that have legal certainty to support efforts to realize people’s welfare. This study uses two theories, namely the purpose of law (Gustav Radburch) and the theory of the legal system (Lawrence Friedman). The research method used is normative juridical with empirical juridical support.</p>The findings of the research show that in enforcing limits on foreign share ownership there is still law smuggling, for example through borrowing names or nominees to secure the interests of foreign investors even though normatively they do not fulfill the legal terms of agreement as stipulated in article 1320 of the Civil Code. For investors the nominee agreement is a legal solution to ensure the security of investment in the mining sector in Indonesia. Therefore, the state needs to carry out supervision and law enforcement so that limitation on foreign share ownership can be implemented in accordance with the applicable laws and regulations. So that the purpose of exploiting mineral and coal mining for the welfare of the people in the mining sector can be realized and in

Overview Potential Predictor of Turnover Intention in Mining Company

The turnover intention issues are detected often occur in a company, especially on employees who have competent talent and good quality work. This can cause new problems for the company if not handled properly. This study intends to look at general and specific descriptions which include potential predictors of turnover intention in mining companies. This research is aimed to all employees at PT X which is a company engaged in the mining business in Jambi province with a minimum working period of 2 years. Researchers used qualitative research by using semi-structured interviews and had been conducted by researchers to see the causal phenomenon of high turnover in the company. The interview results had then been interpreted using semantic analysis. The stages in conducting this research began with making observations which were carried out online through internet searches and interviews as an initial assessment aimed at the HR department. Research subjects are determined based on research objectives. The researcher prepared an interview guide which was conducted in person or through a zoom meeting. After the data has been collected, the researcher conducts data analysis using thematic analysis, including; understanding data, Compiling code, looking for themes. Researchers will conduct discussions related to the results of interviews and surveys that have been conducted. The output of the research is in the form of research results that will be used to improve the management of PT X's human resources. This research has a limit that is produced up to TKT 2, namely the concept of research results. Burnout, compensation, family issues and company policies are the four main themes that stand out and become a prediction that has the potential to cause turnover in PT X employees. The company should have taken steps to overcome these problems. There are many solutions to overcome the four main problems, one of which is good communication between the company, HR, and the employees themselves so as to create a win-win solution.

ANALISIS YURIDIS BENTUK KEWAJIBAN ATAS PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA PENAMBANGAN TANPA IZIN (STUDI PUTUSAN NOMOR 168/PID.SUS/2017/PN Pli )

Abstract: In mining behavior that does not have a permit, in essence it has fulfilled elements that can be threatened with criminal law as stipulated in the provisions of Article 158 Law Number 4 of 2009 concerning Mineral and Coal Mining. The problem in this research is how the form of criminal liability for business actors who carry out mining business without IUP, IPR, or IUPK in the case study of decision number 168/Pid.Sus/2017. The research method used is an analytical method used to collect data by means of a literature study. This type of research includes normative juridical research. That is, legal research materials were obtained qualitatively normatively. Based on all the legal facts, it was revealed that M. Riduan who committed the criminal act of mining without a business license could be asked for criminal liability or responsibility because he met the requirements to be held criminally responsible. Therefore, the Honorable Panel of Judges sentenced the defendant M. Riduan to 10 months in prison and a fine of Rp. 10,000,000,000 with a subsidiary of 2 months in prison. That the defendant has fulfilled all the requirements to be asked for criminal liability or responsibility, so the judge in imposing a sentence on the perpetrator of the criminal act of mining without a permit must consider mitigating and aggravating factors so that the sentence imposed is in accordance with the criminal act of the defendant.

The Moderating Effect of Company Value on the Dominant Factors of Corporate Debt Policy

This article explains the company’s debt policy influenced by ROA, company size, and growth moderated by company value. Based on the literature and research results, this variable is generally interrelated and influences the debt policy decisions. However, given the current circumstances brought on by the COVID influence and the worldwide recession, this condition can be revisited, particularly in mining businesses. This research was conducted using secondary data, which was then analyzed by multiple linear regression methods, descriptive statistical tests, and classic assumption tests. The results showed that only the company’s growth and value could influence the company’s debt policy. Research also did not find the effect of moderation on company value. The results of this study complement factual and theoretical evidence that policymakers can use to consider debt policy in global crisis conditions. Keywords: debt policy, profitability, company size, company growth, company value. DOI: https://doi.org/10.55463/hkjss.issn.1021-3619.60.53

Assessment towards mine closure within IPPKH (Permit of Using Forest Area): Study case of a coal mining Licence at Taba Penanjung, Central Bengkulu, Indonesia

Mine closure is an inevitable event within the mining business; however, post-mining land use is always intended for further beneficial use for further development, mostly to reach a landscape that sustain and give further benefit after the mining operation has finished. One of the mining licence schemes is the permit of using forest area (IPPKH). One of the mining companies at Central Bengkulu has experienced phasing out production towards mine closure. The query is how the mining-affected area can be reclaimed and rehabilitated to become a healthy forest ecosystem. This study aimed to assess the closure criteria based on mine closure regulations. Data were collected from stages of operation according to assessment of mine closure, particularly from rehabilitation sites. The results indicate that rehabilitation sites showed significant re-vegetation of mining-affected areas (dumping area and in-pit backfilling area) and progression to become forested areas, as depicted by structural development of re-forested sites. The overall score is within the suitable range of “good post-mine closure” but require examination and supervision if after mining, the areas are expected to have economic value.

Economic Assessment of Medium and Large-Scale Landfill Mining Business: Case Study Thailand

Thailand produces over 25 million tons of waste yearly, while only a third is utilized. The waste disposed of in the landfill is rarely utilized, and research on the utilization of landfill waste in Thailand is limited. The information regarding the business model and the profitability rate of landfill mining is limited and generally was not displayed to the public. This paper examined the landfill mining business of medium and large-scale businesses in Thailand. Both sites’ business operations were analyzed, and the net present value was presented. The NPV results show that landfill mining is profitable and gives more sustainable waste management. The large scale is highly profitable but requires more investment extensively, while the medium scale is easily adopted and still provides a reasonable profit. Furthermore, to understand the business operation and sensitivity of the operation, this paper uses sensitivity analysis to analyze the factors influencing business profitability. Even though the result displays that both projects are easily profitable, the large-scale operation tends to be simpler as the expense has a lower influence on the business.

Estimation Of Coal Resources Using the Method Polygon In Bulungan Regency North Kalimantan Province

This research was conducted at one of the national companies engaged in coal mining. The Mining Business Permit (IUP) area in Bulungan Regency, North Kalimantan Province, has an area of 1,000 Ha Mining Business Permit (IUP). The purpose of this research is to find out the average thickness of coal and the measurable resources of coal and its tonnage. The polygon method is a calculation with the basic concept, which states that a certain point represents all sediment characteristics of an area. The data needed in this study are survey data, geological data, collar data, thickness, and topographic data (str). From observational data in the field, 31 drill logs were obtained with an average drill log depth of 6.75 meters with a measured volume of coal resources of 33,341,065 and a measured tonnage of coal resources of 50,711,759 MT, with a density of (1.3 tonnes/m3).

Power Relation and Cooperation between Actors: Issue of Nickel Mining Business Licenses in Konawe Regency

Natural resource management (SDA) such as nickel has become a logical choice for local governments to achieve results for regional development achievement. This is because nickel is one of the trade and business commodities between countries. However, a permit is required for the management of these natural resources. Meanwhile, the government cannot be separated from the cooperation between actors in the context of social situations regarding decisions about issuing permits for mining companies (IUP). Therefore, this paper aims to interpret the context of the social situation in nickel mining permit decision-making. In this paper, the data were obtained based on interviews with 26 informants, observations, and a review of documents. The study's results, in a review of the theory of manifestation of power relations, show that there is cooperation among regional heads, businesses, brokers, and village government officials. On the other hand, in the examination of the three-dimensional theory of power, the context of the social situation is that there is no latent conflict between the actors. The finding in this paper is the neglect of the role of local NGOs in the nickel IUD issuance process, particularly in defending the interests of local communities in the pre-mining phase.

Social Resistance against Corporations for Environmental Preservation from Mining Exploration

Environmental preservation needs to be considered to avoid conflicts and social protests in the mining world, especially in the communities around the mines. Conflicts of social resistance and efforts to preserve the environment through protests to preserve the environment in West Nusa Tenggara. This research method is descriptive qualitative with a case study approach. The results of this research indicate that exploration permits without regard to sociological and ecological conditions cause social conflict. Furthermore, the form of social conflict is in the form of demonstrations and protests on a large scale by closing the main access to West Nusa Tenggara - East Nusa Tenggara, burning state facilities and social vulnerability. It is hoped that the results of this research are related to the policies and granting of mining business licenses to pay more attention to social problems.

Analyzing sustainability indicator for Chinese mining sector

Mining sector always comes under severe scrutiny due to their negative impacts towards society and environment. Several studies contributed to reduce these impacts exists in the mining operations, in the development, studies also started to explore various assessment mechanism to understand the mining firm's sustainability impact. Among such assessment strategies, sustainability indicators gained huge momentum in recent years specifically with mining operations. This study considers one such area to focus, sustainability indicator analysis in mining. There are several sustainability indicators were introduced in the literature, which makes the consideration of sustainability indicators as a chaotic process for practitioners. Considering the fact, this study sought to explore the influential sustainability indicator and their corresponding sustainability dimension with the case context of China. As a major global manufacturer, China explores different ways to do a sustainable mining business for their long-term growth and this study could impact on their sustainable development goals roadmap. Different sustainability indicators considering mining were collected from the existing studies and further validated and categorized with expert opinions under their respective dimensions of sustainability (economy, environment, and society). The validated sustainability indicators were evaluated through a multi criteria decision making tool, DEMATEL. The inputs for the analysis were collected from a Chinese mining case company. The results revealed the influential sustainability indicator for Chinese mining sector. By understanding the most and least influential indicators, the Chinese mining practitioners can eliminate the strategies to motivate the least influential indicator and improve the strategies to motivate most influential indicator.

THE ACCESS TO JUSTICE IN SYNERGIZING PAYMENT OBLIGATIONS OF SPECIAL MINING BUSINESS LICENSE HOLDERS WITH TAX COMPLIANCE IN INDONESIA

The obligations of the Special Mining Business License (IUPK) holders to the Government are only given without the active participation of the DGT and the central and local governments to test IUPK compliance as taxpayers. These obligations have the potential to ignore Article 33 and Article 23A of the 1945 Constitution. Based on the normative juridical study using the access to justice and the sustainable development approach, two conclusions are drawn. First, the enactment of several regulations shows that the IUPK's obligation to pay 4% to the Central Government and 6% to the Regional Government from net profits is only given, based on financial reports that have been audited by a public accountant. Second, Article 129 of the Minerba Law, Article 4 (1), Article 6 (1), and Article 9 (1) of the Income Tax Law, as well as Article 15 (3) of PP No. 37 of 2018 must be implemented through monitoring, evaluation, and regular audits of net profits before taxable income on the actual self-assessment reporting conducted by IUPK. It is proposed to make joint audit rules in testing compliance with good mining practice and IUPK obligations, as well as compliance of filling and actual payment of taxes owed.

К истории горнозаводского дела в Русской Лапландии XVIII века

The article is devoted to the history of mining-factories business in Russian Lapland in the first half of the Annian rule. Based on archival and published official documents, it examines the transformations that took place in 1730–1736 in the mining business of the Russian Empire. It tells about the history of the discovery and the beginning of the mining of silver ores in Pomorie on the Medvezhiy Island. The article focuses on the biography and history of the invitation to Russia of the Saxon Ober-Berg-Hauptmann and chamberlain, Baron Kurt Alexander von Schönberg, who in 1736 became General-Berg-Director, head of the entire mining industry of the Russian Empire. The roles of the chief chamberlain and favorite of Anna Ioannovna, Graph Ernst Johann von Biron and the “soul” of the Cabinet of Ministers, Vice-Chancellor Graph Andrei Ivanovich Osterman in the invitation and activities of Schönberg in Russia are outlined.