Minimum Hop Algorithm Research Articles

A Joint Minimum Hop and Earliest Arrival Routing Algorithm for LEO Satellite Networks

A Joint Minimum Hop and Earliest Arrival Routing Algorithm for LEO Satellite Networks

Multi-Commodity Based Widest Congested Edge Disjoint Path Algorithm (MBWCEDP) using MPLS

Objectives: The paper deals with the Online Multipath Routing of the Traffic flows in MPLS networks. A good multipath routing algorithm fulfills all the online traffic demands at real time. Many conventional multipath routing algorithms were considered good in respect of many parameters but still suffered from their highly rejected online traffic demands rate. Methods/Statistical Analysis: The algorithm presented classifies the traffic demands into various profile classes (which are generated based on the SLAs signed by the Internet users). These profile classes work as a rough estimator of future traffic demands and are used to solve a multi commodity network flow problem. In the proposed algorithm Multicommodity network flow formulation groups the packet flows as per profile classes with the aim to minimize the cost, to prevent network hotspots i.e. bottleneck links and to ensure minimum rejected requests/ traffic demands. The algorithm works in two phases- In the preprocessing phase SLAs, Global and Local quasi static knowledge about the network are used to generate Multi-commodities based “Profile Classes” in the first phase and then these Multi-commodities based packet flows are distributed over widest residual bandwidth Disjoint Paths with respect to the bottleneck links in the second phase. The transmission of Multi-commodity based flows through disjoint paths w.r.t. bottleneck edges prevent the network from critical deadlock point which helps in minimizing the congestion, delays, rejected requests and maximizing the throughput, i.e. improving the overall performance of the network. Findings: To measure the performance of proposed algorithm to the Profile Based Algorithm a series of experiments were measured. Randomly generated request sequence is used for which a random sequence of individual flow request were generated and measured the performance both in terms of number of flows routed and total bandwidth request that was satisfied. Blocking probability for each edge is also considered random.In the findings is shown that out of total 1200 requests, performance of PBR is very poor as it rejects many requests due to overly strict admission control and minimum hop algorithm. The proposed algorithm cleverly controls traffic flow admission by considering congested edges in a disjoint way, so that one LSP does not interfere other LSPs. Application/Improvements: The network information is utilized to its extreme and most of the online path requests are accepted only a few requests are rejected.

Maximizing energy utilization routing scheme in wireless sensor networks based on minimum hops algorithm

In this article, we study the gradient-based approaches for efficient data dissemination in wireless sensor networks. Based on the classical minimum hop algorithm, we develop a Maximizing Energy Utilization Routing Protocol (MEURP), which exploits local flooding mechanism to contact with multiple neighboring nodes. In contrast with the traditional flat-based algorithm, our MEURP solution enjoys a back-off waiting scheme to alleviate the flooding overhead in the course of gradient setup phase. For ease of implementation, we also introduce an IEEE 802.11 liked mechanism to cope with the channel contention, as well as the packet transmission errors. Together with employing a concise cost table associated with each intermediate node, MEURP makes use of a multiple routing selection mechanism to forward packets. In face of the frequent alteration of network topology, a compact gradient reconfiguration mechanism is also brought in. Simulation experiments demonstrate that MEURP significantly outperform traditional flat-based and energy aware algorithms in terms of network lifetime and data packet throughput, respectively.

Dynamic Topology Control and Routing in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

In this letter we consider topology control and routing problem in wireless networks where equipped with point-to-point wireless links such as directional antennas or free space optics. In point-to-point wireless networks, each node has a limited number of transceivers and hence can communicate with only a limited number of nodes within its transmission range. The selection of the limited number of neighbors is very critical for the network performance. In this letter, we propose a topology control algorithms which consider the topology control and routing of each demand is considered simultaneously. For this, we introduce the degree constraint shortest path problem for finding optimal (shortest) paths in wireless point-to-point networks. Also, we propose two topology control algorithms: minimum hop (MHA) and resource availability ratio (RAR) algorithm. The resource availability ratio algorithm considers not only the available link bandwidth but also the available interfaces between neighbors. By simulation experiments, we compare the performance of each algorithm.

A new class of QoS routing strategies based on network graph reduction

This paper discusses a new approach to QoS routing, introducing the notion of algorithm resilience (i.e., its capability to adapt to network and load modifications) as performance index of the algorithm itself. The new approach can be summarized as Network Graph Reduction, i.e., a modification of the graph describing the network before the routing path is computed, in order to exclude from the path selection over-congested portions of the network. This solution leads to a class of two-step routing algorithms, where both steps are simple, hence allowing efficient implementation. Simulation experiments, run on randomly-generated topologies and traffic patterns, show that these routing algorithms perform consistently better than both the standard Minimum Hop algorithm and those QoS-based algorithms based on the same metrics but not using the notion of Network Graph Reduction.