Miniaturized Wilkinson Power Divider Research Articles

Designing ultra-small Wilkinson power divider with multi-harmonics suppression

ABSTRACT This paper presents a miniaturized Wilkinson Power Divider (WPD) with the capability of attenuating unwanted harmonics up to the 19th harmonic. In this study, a low pass filter was embedded as the quarter-wavelength transmission lines of the conventional WPD. To reduce the size of the proposed structure, the high impedance line is meandered. A simple T-shape resonator is added to suppress the high frequency. The even and odd mode analysis were reported as the analytical descriptions. The operational frequency of the presented WPD is 1.95GHz, and S21, S11, S22, and S23 in this frequency are -3.79dB, -15.56dB, -14.15dB, and -10.89dB, respectively. The overall size of implemented WPD is only 8.8 mm × 8.02 mm, and its normalized circuit size equals 0.078 × 0.071. The designed structure has been fabricated and measured on the RT-5880 substrate with a thickness of 20mil. The desired matching between the simulation results and the measurement ones has been evident.

A miniaturized Wilkinson power divider with 12th harmonics suppression

ABSTRACT In this study, a miniaturized Wilkinson Power Divider (WPD) has been designed. Central frequency of the passband for designed power divider (PD) is 1.55 GHz. Using the oval and rectangular- shaped resonators instead of each quarter-wavelength transmission lines of conventional Wilkinson power divider (CWPD) will result in reducing the size of proposed PD by 55%. Presented PD has many advantages, such as low insertion loss (3.015 dB), high return loss (24 dB), high isolation rate between output ports (27 dB), and suppressing the high-frequency harmonics (eliminating the 2nd to 12th unwanted harmonics). Finally presented PD was fabricated and measured on The RT-5880 with ϵr = 2.2 and TanD = 0.0009 with a thickness of 0.787 mm as the substrate. The measured results have good agreement with the simulation one. Due to the appropriate specifications and the small size of the designed divider, this divider can be nominated to use in many communication applications.

Design of a compact LPF and a miniaturized Wilkinson power divider using aperiodic stubs with harmonic suppression for wireless applications

In this paper a miniaturized low pass filter (LPF) with 2.5 GHz cut-off frequency and a novel compact, harmonics suppressed Wilkinson power divider (WPD) at 0.7 GHz is proposed. The proposed divider consists of two multi-stub LPFs and three open stubs at each port. The presented open stub at port one suppresses the second harmonic and other two open stubs at output ports, suppress the third harmonic. To suppress high order harmonics a novel 12 sections LPF based on aperiodic stub is proposed. This filter is designed to suppressed 4th to 15th harmonics. The cut off frequency of applied filter is 2.5 GHz, which creates 12 transmission zeros and suppresses corresponding 4th–15th harmonics of the proposed divider. The proposed WPD not only has perfect harmonics suppression, but also extremely decreases the circuit size. The overall size of the fabricated divider is only 0.116 λg × 0.044 λg, which shows more than 73% size reductions, compared to the 0.7 GHz conventional WPD.

Miniaturized Wilkinson power divider with suppressed harmonics

AbstractA Wilkinson power divider (WPD) with good novelty has been presented in this letter. To achieve this design, each quarter‐wavelength lines of the conventional WPD have been replaced by two symmetrical comb‐shaped resonators. These resonators create two rejection bands near their passbands, which can guarantee a good harmonics suppression for a power divider. By applying and computing the even‐/odd‐modes analysis, the suggested PD has been analyzed. In the proposed PD, the extra harmonics from second to 10th are suppressed. The normalized circuit size for operation in the center frequency of 1.1 GHz is about 0.06 × 0.07 λg. Eventually, fabrication of the power divider has been done on Rogers type RT‐Duroid 5880 substrate and tested. The measured return loss is about 16 dB in the fundamental frequency. The obtained experimental S‐parameters validated the primal design results. Therefore, the proposed WPD is a high performance one, which can be applied for applications such as the signal splitter in a Doherty power amplifier.

New miniaturized Wilkinson Power Divider based on a new Half Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide and CRLH-TL

Objectives: In this study, two new power splitters integrated with a novel half mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW) and composite right/left-handed transmission lines (CRLH-TL) cells are presented, realized and compared to a conventional Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) one. Methods: The SIW technology is characterized by a high Q factor and a low return loss, but it suffers from the massive size particularly in low frequencies bands, so to achieve practically 50% miniaturization in size with keeping the high performances of the SIW technique, HMSIW origins from SIW has been utilized. otherwise, so as to reduce the HMSIW device, size, Composite Right/Left-Handed Transmission Lines (CRLH-TL) cells are applied. The designs are printed on a Roger RT/duroid 6010 and performed within an HFSS environment based on the finite element method (FEM). Simulations and measurements of the three power dividers are presented over a frequency band from 2.2 GHz to 2.6 GHz. Findings: The novel proposed component achieves about 70% and 90% of size reduction compared to, respectively, the HMSIW and SIW power splitters. The simulated and measured results are in close agreement. Application: Compared to the SIW power divider and the HMSIW one the novel proposed device is characterized by a compact size and an easy fabrication process. So that it will enable a convenient reduction of size, loss and cost in millimeter-wave and microwave systems.Keywords: Power Divider, HMSIW, SIW, CRLH-TL Cells, Tapered Transition

Miniaturized Wilkinson power divider with extra coupled line section for compensation

ABSTRACTIn this article, λ/4 coupled microstrip line section is used in the design of two‐way miniaturized Wilkinson power divider. To compensate the phase velocity difference in λ/4 coupled microstrip line section, extra coupled line section is connected between λ/4 coupled line section and two output ports. Due to no lumped elements have been used, this compensation method not only provides compact circuit size and easy fabrication but also suitable for high frequency operation. Design equations are derived from even‐ and odd‐mode analyses. Several design examples show that: (i) Extra coupled line section could compensate arbitrary coupling strength in λ/4 coupled microstrip line section, and its coupling strength also can be adjusted arbitrarily. (ii) Considering the bandwidths of S22, S33, and S32, the coupling strength of λ/4 coupled microstrip line section plays a major role, the bandwidths become narrower as coupling strength increased. Compared with the conventional λ/4 coupled line section model in homogeneous medium, the bandwidth differences are very small, and they can be negligible. In other word, the proposed model could provide the same performance for inhomogeneous medium application. (iii) The length of extra coupled line section becomes longer as coupling strength of λ/4 coupled line section increased, however, it becomes shorter as coupling strength of extra coupled line section increased. In experiment, one circuit was fabricated, the measurement results showed good agreement with theoretical results. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 57:1869–1873, 2015

Millimeter-Wave Reduced-Size Wilkinson Power Divider

The letter reports the analysis of the reduced-size planar microstrip Wilkinson power divider which uses miniaturized microstrip line instead of conventional quarter wavelength transmission line. The full design formulae of the miniaturized Wilkinson power divider with arbitrary power ratio is first proposed.3dB one-stage and two-stage miniaturized Wilkinson power divider are designed according to the formulae. The ADS EM simulation results of the one-stage miniaturized Wilkinson power divider when the smaller electrical angle is 45 degrees show its reflection coefficient<-20dB,isolation>20dB and the transmission loss<0.4dB in the bandwidth of 28.9-34.9GHz,for the two-stage reduced-size Wilkinson power divider its reflection coefficient <-20dB,isolation>20dB and the transmission loss<0.4dB in the bandwidth of 26-37.5GHz.This kind of miniaturized Wilkinson power divider has a very compact size as well as good match and isolation.

A novel miniaturized Wilkinson power divider using comb-like defected ground structure

A novel miniaturized Wilkinson power divider using comb-like defected ground structure

Miniaturized Wilkinson power divider with two capacitors

ABSTRACTMiniaturized Wilkinson power divider with two capacitors is presented. One capacitor is shunted to ground at the input port and the other is connected to two output ports. Compared with two previous reports which using capacitors to miniature a transmission line in Wilkinson power divider design, the proposed power divider provides shorter electrical length and wider bandwidth under the same value of characteristic impedance. Experimental results showed good agreement with theoretical simulations. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:301–304, 2014

A novel miniaturized Wilkinson power divider with nth harmonic suppression

In this paper, a miniaturized Wilkinson power divider using a novel technique for nth harmonic suppression is presented. In this technique, a novel low-pass filter (LPF) is inserted into each quarter-wavelength transmission line of the conventional Wilkinson power divider and open stubs are used at each port. For verification, the proposed 1 GHz power divider and the miniaturized LPF are fabricated and measured. The presented structure not only impressively suppresses the harmonics (2nd–12th) with high levels of attenuation, but also significantly reduces the size over 71% of the conventional one. The overall size of the fabricated power divider is only 14.1 mm × 18.2 mm (0.06 λg × 0.08λg).

A Miniaturized Wilkinson Power Divider using Nonuniform Transmission Line

A miniaturized Wilkinson power divider (WPD) using nonuniform transmission lines theory is presented in this letter. In the proposed design, we use nonuniform transmission lines instead of uniform transmission lines (UTLs) in each arm of WPD. The normalized width w(z)/h function of the NTLs which is expanded in a truncated Fourier series is used for optimization. A 500-MHz power divider is designed, fabricated and measured. The measurement results are in good agreement with the simulation results. The proposed divider's size has been reduced up to 52% in comparison with that of the conventional WPDs.

A miniaturized Wilkinson power divider with CMOS active inductors

A miniaturized Wilkinson power divider implemented in a standard 0.18-μm CMOS process is presented in this letter. By using active inductors for the circuit implementation, a significant area reduction can be achieved due to the absence of distributed components and spiral inductors. The power divider is designed at a center frequency of 4.5GHz for equal power dividing with all ports matched to 50/spl Omega/. Drawing a dc current of 9.3mA from a 1.8-V supply voltage, the fabricated circuit exhibits an insertion loss less than 0.16dB and a return loss better than 30dB at the center frequency while maintaining good isolation between the output ports. The active area of the miniaturized Wilkinson power divider is 150×100μm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> , which is suitable for system integration in monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) applications.

Miniaturized Wilkinson power divider using three-dimensional MMIC technology

A miniaturized Wilkinson power divider using three-dimensional (3-D) monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) technology is presented. The new power divider utilizes stacked thin film microstrip (TFMS) lines that sandwich a ground plane with a slit between the TFMS lines. The slit effectively widens the upper and lower TFMS-line widths, which makes it possible to stack high-impedance lines with a reasonable conductor strip width and lower loss. The proposed structure also exhibits a coupling between the quarter-wavelength conductor strips of less than -15 dB, simplifying the design for each TFMS line. A fabricated 15-25 GHz Wilkinson power divider, the area of which is only 0.31 mm/spl times/0.52 mm, exhibits a coupling of -4.5/spl plusmn/0.5 dB, isolation of greater than 15 dB, and a phase deviation of less than 3 degrees.