Miniaturized Ultra Wideband Research Articles

Design and research of a miniaturized four notch UWB antenna

In order to effectively suppress the interference of narrow-band communication systems such as WiMAX band, international satellite band, X band and the ITU band, this paper designs a miniature ultra wideband (UWB) antenna. The improved rectangle is used as the radiation patch. The semicircular groove is dug in the upper part of the rectangle and the two corners below are cut off. The long triangle is also cut on both sides of the end of the microstrip line. The fish bone groove is well modified in the middle of the rectangular ground plate to obtain the perfect ultra wideband characteristics. By digging a semi-circular groove on the radiation patch to introduce T-shaped branches, and opening an inverted U-shaped groove in the center of the radiation patch, introducing symmetrical C-shaped open branches on both sides of the feeder line and etching U-shaped narrow gaps on the feeder line, four band notch characteristics of 3.24−3.8 GHz, 4.5−4.97 GHz, 7.24−7.76 GHz and 8.0−8.54 GHz are produced, which better suppresses the interference in the notch band, shows that the antenna can work normally in the frequency band of 3.0−13.09 GHz, and the four notch baud property of the antenna also expands the application field, which is suitable for many ultra wideband communication systems.

Miniaturized ultra-wideband coplanarwaveguide lowpass filter with extended stop band

<p class="Default">In this article, we propose a novel design of large rejected band of miniaturized ultra wide band (UWB) of a planar CPW low pass filter “LPF” based on the use of periodic elements of ‘e’ slots. The goal of this work is to develop a new structure of Low Pass Filter with the following criterion: Miniature, Compact and Easy for Fabrication. The Miniaturization of this structure is achieved by entering the 'e' slot in etching area in the ground of CPW line, to save the standard gap of the adapted coplanar line. The designed coplanar LPF is a compact filter having a large band pass and extended stop band, with the possibility to associate easily with others RF and microwave planar circuits. The entire area of the proposed structure of CPW LPF is 14.3x20 mm<sup>2</sup>.</p>

Compact Penta Band Notched Antenna Using Concentric Rings with Splitter Bricks for Ultra Wide Band Applications

In this paper novel miniature ultra wide band circular mono pole antenna with penta band rejection characteristics is proposed. The antenna is fed through a Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) feed. The antenna is designed using RT/ DUROID substrate with permittivity 2.2. In the proposed antenna Concentric Rings with Splitter Bricks (CRSB) are used to achieve band notching characteristics. It will reject the existing WIMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) from 3.326–3.612 GHz, C band down link frequency from 3.8–4.2 GHz, WLAN application from 5.393–5.822 GHz, X Band downlink Satellite communication application from 7.25–7.733 GHz and ITU band operations from 8.0–8.565 GHz. The Simulations of this antenna are carried out using CST microwave studio suite 2016. Antenna performance parameters like Return loss, Voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), Radiation efficiency and Gain are evaluated. Radiation pattern of the antenna at different frequencies are observed. This antenna provides good gain and a larger band width over the frequency range 3.1–11.6 GHz.

A Miniature Ultrawideband Electric Field Probe Based on Coax-Thru-Hole via Array for Near-Field Measurement

In this paper, a miniature electric field probe with an ultrawideband of 9 kHz–20 GHz is proposed, fabricated, and tested. The electric field probe is fabricated on a four-layer printed circuit board using high-performance and low-loss Rogers material ( $\varepsilon _{\mathrm{r}}= 3.48$ and tan $\delta = 0.0037$ ). Coax-thru-hole via array is used to control the signal via impedance to achieve impedance $50~\Omega $ match over the whole working band, reducing the harmful influence on the probe’s characteristic. The ground vias, called via fence, are utilized to suppress the resonance caused by the parallel-plate mode of conductor-backed coplanar waveguide (CB-CPW), expanding the working frequency band. Experimental result shows $\vert S_{21}\vert $ rather smooth in operation band, demonstrating the working frequency band is up to 9 kHz–20 GHz. The electric field probe has a 2–3 mm spatial resolution, which has a good ability to locate the interference source.

Ultra Wideband Planar Microstrip Array Antennas for C-Band Aircraft Weather Radar Applications

A miniaturized ultra wideband (UWB) planar array antennas for C-band aircraft weather RADAR applications is presented. Firstly, the effect of the ground plane is studied. Later, the realization and experimental validation of the geometry that has an UWB characteristic are discussed. This array antennas is composed of a twenty-four radiating element that is etched onto FR-4 substrate with an overall size of 162×100×1.58 mm3 and a dielectric constant of εr=4.4. The results show that this miniaturized array antennas gives us a bandwidth which is about 115% and a gain greater than 13 dB which are required in aircraft weather radar applications.

Miniature CRLH-based ultra wideband antenna with gain enhancement for wireless communication applications

Abstract A novel miniaturized ultra wideband (UWB) antenna based on composite right/left-handed (CRLH) metamaterial unit cells for modern wireless communication applications is presented. The physical size of the small and compact antenna is 15×7.87×1.6 mm3 or 0.15 λ o × 0.07 λ o × 0.01 λ o in terms of the free-space wavelength at 3 GHz. The proposed antenna covers an impedance bandwidth of 3–10.6 GHz, which is equivalent to a fractional bandwidth of 111%. The gain and efficiency of the antenna are greater than 2.89 dBi and 38.54%, respectively, with a peak gain of 9.41 dBi and a peak efficiency of 99.93%. The characteristics of the antenna were validated with measured results obtained from a fabricated prototype to establish the proof of concept.

MINIATURIZED SLOTTED GROUND UWB ANTENNA LOADED WITH METAMATERIAL FOR WLAN AND WIMAX APPLICATIONS

This paper presents a miniaturized ultra wideband (UWB) antenna with metamaterial for WLAN and WiMax applications. For miniaturization of UWB antenna resonating 3.1–10.6 is designed Ghz using fractalization of the radiating edge and slotted ground structure approach. A miniaturization of active patch area and antenna volume is achieved up to 63.48% and 42.24% respectively, with respect to the conventional monopole UWB antenna. This antenna achieves a 143% impedance bandwidth covering the frequency band from 2.54GHz to 15.36GHz under simulation and 132% (2.95–14.28 GHz) in measurement. The electrical dimension of this antenna is 0.32λ × 0.32λ (38mm×38mm) at lower frequency of 2.54GHz. As per IEEE 802.11a/b/g and IEEE 802.16e standards, WLAN (2.4–2.5 GHz, 5.150–5.250 GHz, 5.725–5.825 GHz), WiMAX (3.3–3.8 GHz) bands are achieved by using slotted ground structure and metamaterial rectangular split ring resonator. The proposed antenna is fabricated on FR4 substrate of thickness 1.6mm and a dielectric constant 4.3 and tested. The proposed antenna yields a −10 dB impedance bandwidth of about 11.1% (2.39–2.67 GHz), 59.1% (2.87–5.28 GHz) and 7.4% (5.58–6.01 GHz) under simulation and 4.5% (2.41–2.52 GHz), 51.1% (3.12–5.26 GHz) and 3.8% (5.69– 5.91GHz) in measurement for 2.4, 3.5 & 5 and 5.8GHz bands respectively. Stable radiation patterns with low cross polarization, high average antenna gain of 3.02 dBi under simulation and 2.14 dBi in measurement and measured peak average radiation efficiency of 76.6% are observed for the operating bands. Experimental results seem in good agreement with the simulated ones of the proposed antenna.

UWB antenna based on SCRLH-TLs for portable wireless devices

A novel miniature ultrawideband antenna is proposed that exhibits excellent radiation characteristics. The antenna is based on the simplified composite right/left-handed transmission-lines (SCRLH-TLs) that are implemented using F-shaped and T-shaped slits on the antenna's ground-plane and radiating arms, respectively. The coplanar waveguide feed-line is impedance matched to the radiating patches using H-shaped microstrip stub. The antenna operates between 0.65 and 9.2 GHz, which corresponds to an impedance bandwidth of 173.6%. The maximum gain and efficiency measured are 3.5 dBi and 70% at 4.5 GHz, respectively. The antenna dimensions are 25 × 15 × 1.6 mm3 or 0.054λ0×0.032λ0×0.003λ0, where λ0 is free-space wavelengths at 0.65 GHz. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 58:69–71, 2016

Fidelity Pattern Analysis of a CPW-Fed Miniature UWB Antenna Using Different Excitation Pulses

This letter presents numerical and experimental investigations of the fidelity factor of a novel coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed miniature tapered-slot antenna. Different excitation pulse types have been employed to study the effect of the antenna and the propagation channel on the received pulse quality. The antenna is intended to be used in a pulse-based time-of-flight motion tracking system, which requires minimum distortion to the received pulse for the accurate retrieval of the sent data. A distinguishing aspect about this study is that the fidelity analysis has been carried out both in free-space and with the antenna mounted on the human body considering an extended spatial range compared to previously reported work. The results show that the miniature ultrawideband (UWB) antenna offers a very limited pulse distortion. Excellent average fidelity value of over 0.95 has been obtained by employing appropriate input pulses, even when the antenna is mounted on the human body. Furthermore, the effect of fidelity on communication performance of an ultrawideband antenna system has been studied by modeling an impulse-based UWB system. It has been demonstrated that the high pulse fidelity of the antenna leads to consistent bit error rate (BER) values in various spatial directions.

Improved band‐notch techniques for miniature UWB CPW‐fed slot antenna

ABSTRACTThis article describes a compact ultrawideband (UWB) antenna that exhibits desirable band‐notch and gain characteristics. The antenna consists of a rectangular aperture etched on a printed circuit board's ground plane that is excited by a rectangular‐shaped patch. It uses a novel technique comprising of open‐end stubs at the periphery of the ground in the vicinity of the feed‐line to improve its voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR) performance across the UWB. The proposed antenna uses three techniques to provide band‐notch function necessary to eliminate the wireless local‐area network interfering signals between 5 and 6 GHz. The frequency of the band‐notch characteristic can be tuned by varying the parameters defining the notch structure. The antenna was fabricated and its performance measured to validate its feasibility including the band‐notch techniques. A compact 19 × 19 mm2 antenna with aperture area of 9 × 18 mm2 was realized that exhibits an excellent VSWR performance and stable radiation patterns across the UWB spectrum. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 56:408–415, 2014

Miniature crescent shaped UWB antenna

A miniature ultra-wide band (UVB) antenna is presented. The size of the antenna is 17 mm × 18 mm × 1.575 mm. The antenna radiates at 3.4–20 GHz. The bandwidth of the antenna almost covers the entire UVB of 3.1–10.6 GHz. The size of the antenna is very small. The proposed antenna is fabricated and measured. The experimental results are in a good agreement with the simulated results. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE, 2013.

Miniaturized ultra wide band filter with extended stop band

This article reports the design of extended stop band miniaturized ultra wide band (UWB) filter based on short-circuited meandered coupled lines. In addition, rectangular-shaped slots are incorporated in the ground plane beneath the input and output feed lines to improve the stop-band rejection. The proposed filter has been realized in microstrip medium having thickness of 0.78 mm and dielectric constant of 2.17. Experimental results of the developed filter validate the results obtained from circuit models and full-wave simulations. Maximum insertion loss of the experimental filter is 1.1 dB. Group delay variation over the pass band of the filter is within ±0.04 ns. Stop band is extended upto 30 GHz with a stop-band rejection of better than 20 dB. Dimensions of the miniaturized experimented filter are 22 × 22 × 0.78 mm3. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 55:703–705, 2013; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/mop.27462

MINIATURIZED UWB BANDPASS FILTER WITH DUAL NOTCH BANDS AND WIDE UPPER STOPBAND

In this paper, a miniature ultrawideband (UWB) bandpass fllter with dual notch bands and wide upper stopband is presented. The ultrawide passband characteristic is achieved using a microstrip to slot line transition, and a wide upper stop band is realized using an elliptical lowpass fllter. The dual band notches at 5.46GHz and 8.04GHz are obtained by incorporating defected microstrip structure in the input and output sections. A prototype of the proposed UWB bandpass fllter is fabricated and measured. The equivalent circuit of the proposed fllter is also presented. A good agreement between the measured, EM simulated and circuit simulated responses is obtained.

Miniature UWB Filter Using Three-Quarters Wavelength Resonator with Direct-Connected Feed Method

A miniature ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filter using three-quarters wavelength resonators is presented in this paper. Direct-connected feed method is employed between the input/output ports and the resonators in order to overcome the shortcomings due to the gap-coupled feed method and produce two transmission zeros in the lower and upper stopbands. On the other hand, two quarter-wavelength matching transmission lines are introduced to the input/output ports to improve the reflection loss characteristic in the passband of the filter. In addition, the resonators are folded to be open ring structures, which are more miniaturized than the conventional linear structure. As a consequence, the filter is compact in size and exhibits good performance. The filter is successfully realized in theory and verified by full wave EM simulation, and simulated frequency response results show that the fabricated filter has an insertion loss of better than 1dB in the passband and two rejections of greater than 25dB in most of the stopbands.