Mineral Ingredients Research Articles

Natural ways of vitamin D supplementation – detailed evaluation of Cantharellus cibarius

Introduction and purpose: In the past, fungi were considered a very low-value meal, however in modern literature, they are increasingly more frequently studied for their nutritional and medical properties. They are being currently reconsidered as an abundant source of nutrients that may be incorporated in diets of individuals of special medical needs, such as obese and diabetic patients. The purpose of this review is to evaluate one of the most common edible mushroom species, Cantharellus cibarius (girolle, golden chanterelle) for its health promoting properties with particular emphasis on its vitamin D content. It was of considerable importance for us to analyse the amount of vitamin D in the mentioned mushroom, as this micronutrient deficiency is fairly common in the human population. Material and method: The available literature was reviewed as provided by PubMed database and Google Scholar, with the use of keywords. State of knowledge: Golden chanterelle mushroom is a valuable source of proteins, mineral ingredients like potassium, phosphorus, magnesium, iron and calcium, while containing low amounts of sodium and fat. The mushroom is especially valuable for its rich content of vitamin D, ranging up to 63 μg/100g fresh weight. Conclusions: This paper may help other scientists expand their research on golden chanterelle properties. Moreover, girolle, as naturally containing many pro-health metabolites, may serve as natural supplementation of microelements.

Ni-Doped Activated Carbon from Invasive Plants as a Potential Catalyst

In this study we synthesized and characterized Ni/AC (Activated Carbon) systems. AC was obtained through pyrolysis of golden rod’s dried biomass. Ni nanoparticles were deposited on AC’s surface using a wet impregnation method from a nickel nitrate solution. SEM, MP-AES and DSC-TGA techniques were used for surficial and structural characterization, while ash content was made to check mineral ingredients input. The DSC-TGA study revealed that all carbons show good thermal stability up to 900 °C, which is far above operating temperatures in the methanation process. For all three carbons the BET isotherms were made as well. They show that in most cases the carbon’s surface is well developed and can adsorb decent amounts of metal. MP-AES helped to evaluate the efficiency of the impregnation process, which reached 76 mg of Ni per 1 g of carbon. The SEM-EDS study showed good distribution of Ni nanoparticles across AC’s surface. We also made a comparison of our systems to similar materials from other works.

Natural, Organic Cosmetics and New trends. Development of a Natural Toothpaste against plaque

Cosmetic products whose ingredients and especially the active agents have a natural origin, are characterized as natural. Natural cosmetics may have plant (extracts, essential oils, active plant ingredients, etc.) animal, marine or mineral ingredients with the least and safest possible processing. In the present study, a toothpaste with ingredients of natural origin was developed. Research was conducted on the most suitable natural flavoring, natural sweetener. The physico-chemical stability, microbiological stability and the main organoleptic characteristics, such as texture, viscosity and taste, which are the main factors for the choice and acceptance of these products by consumers, were studied. Additionally, the efficacy of various natural antimicrobial agents, in terms of protection against microbial plaque, was studied using in vitro methods and compared with a synthetic-«conventional» commercial toothpaste and a placebo sample.

The influence of selected mineral ingredients on the technological properties of sealing slurries

Sealing slurries used to modify the subsoil should meet a number of requirements, including: rheological properties, setting time, appropriate mechanical strength and durability. The study determined the technological properties of sealing slurries prepared with ordinary Portland cement and blended binders containing appropriately selected mineral additives. The tests used granulated blast furnace slag, silica fly ash and ash obtained in the fluidized bed combustion of coal. The assessment of the technological properties of fresh slurries included the selection of an appropriate rheological model and the assessment of the rheological properties of the sealing slurry, such as: plastic viscosity, apparent viscosity and yield point. The research determined the factors causing improvement of the technological properties of fresh slurry. The use of supplementary cementitious materials, also in systems with fluidizing admixtures, allowed for a significant modification of the rheology of the tested sealing slurries. The obtained results indicate their beneficial effect on the functional properties of slurries, enabling their use as binder components replacing Portland cement, while limiting or even eliminating the addition of superplasticizers.

Socialization of Community Knowledge Management about Pharmaceutical Products in Suka Damai Village, Langkat, North Sumatra

Socialization of public knowledge management about pharmaceutical products aims to provide information as a form of dissemination in the form of education. This community service was carried out in Suka Damai Village, Langkat district, North Sumatra Province. The purpose of this community service is to provide and practice knowledge about pharmaceutical products through traditional medicines which are mixed from plant ingredients, animal ingredients, mineral ingredients, galenic preparations, or mixtures of these materials. Traditional medicine can be made into a simple product that can be made and practiced by yourself, for example roll on aromatherapy or commonly called freshcare which has many uses in everyday life. Apart from that, other products such as dry instant ginger drinks can also be consumed with various benefits. The use of natural materials can also be used as a way to open business opportunities. Thus, people gain knowledge and know how to make one of the health products that so far when they want to use it they have to buy it first.

PENYULUHAN PEMANFAATAN TANAMAN HERBAL DI LINGKUNGAN SEKITAR SEBAGAI OBAT TRADISIONAL DI SMA NEGERI 1 PANCUR BATU

Herbal plants are plants that have been identified and known based on human observation to have compounds that are useful for preventing and curing disease. Traditional medicine is an ingredient or concoction of ingredients in the form of plant ingredients, animal ingredients, mineral ingredients, extract preparations (galenic), or mixtures of these ingredients which have been used for treatment for generations. Secondary metabolite compounds commonly found in plants are flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, phenols, tannins, steroids and triterpenoids. Flavonoids are a group of polyphenols and are classified based on their chemical structure and biosynthesis. One of the plants that can be used as traditional medicine is the Sirih cina (Peperomia pellucida L. Kunth) . The aim of this counseling is to increase knowledge about the use of herbal plants and increase students' knowledge about traditional medicine in the surrounding environment as traditional medicine at SMA Negeri 1 Pancur Batu. After participating in this outreach activity, it is hoped that students will be able to increase their knowledge and level of health where students will be able to take part in educating friends and family regarding the importance of using medicinal plants as traditional medicine as an effort to maintain health by utilizing plants around them.

Kidney Diseases in the Treatise "Dynameron" of Aelius Promotus (2nd Century AD) A Comparison with Dioscorides and Nikolaos Myrepsos

Dynameron is a medical treatise from the 2nd century AD, written in Greek by an Alexandrian physician named Aelius Promotus. A copy made in Sicily during the 16th century is kept in the Marciana Library of Venice (Codex gr. Ζ. 295). In 130 chapters, Dynameron contains 870 recipes for the treatment of various diseases. Regarding the kidneys, Aelius describes 32 recipes with herbal (59), animal (6) and mineral (1) ingredients, with diuretic, spasmolytic, analgesic, or antiseptic properties, suitable for treating nephrolithiasis, strangury, dysuria and renal inflammations. Several diuretics of Aelius Promotus are similar to those found in De Materia Medica of Dioscorides (1st century AD). On the other hand, all of them are also included in the treatise Dynameron of Nikolaos Myrepsos, written in the 13th century AD. When the recipes are evaluated as a whole, it is evident that Aelius Promotus was a competent practising physician in a city with a glorious tradition in medicine and sciences.

Kaalamega Narayana Chendhooram (KMNC): Standardization, Characterization, and Instrumental Analysis of a Potential Anti- Oral, Anti-Lung, and Anti-Prostate Cancer of Herbal Mineral Formulation (A Siddha Medicine for Oral, Lung, and Prostate Cancer)

Lack of drug standardization is the main obstacle preventing Siddha pharmaceuticals from being recognized more frequently in poorer nations. The current study also standardized a Siddha herbal-mineral creation of KMNC that indicated cervical cancer by investigating its physio-chemical. Fourier transforms infrared radiation properties. It was performed to produce evidence-based statistics about this new formulation and to give researchers helpful information. The drug particle size was determined by SEM examination. XRF analysis was used to determine the medication's component percentage. On-to-be nanometers indicate that the experimental drug may have effective drug delivery. The physicochemical characteristics also instrumental investigations of KMNC are discussed in this work as part of standardization by AYUSH Guidelines. This Indian medical system describes KMNC as a white powder containing herbs, metal, also mineral ingredients. The physio-chemical assessment's findings show that KMNC has a specific gravity of 0.927, a pH assessment of 7.8, also percentage of losses after 105 ? C 0.3±0.05568 %, and a total ash rate of 1.2%.

Analisis Penambahan Larutan Gula Terhadap Kuat Tekan dan Kuat Lentur Beton yang Mengandung Arang Briket

Concrete is frequently used as the primary component of building construction. Given its role as a former, concrete plays a significant role in the construction industry. To make pozzolanic concrete more useful as a mineral ingredient for concrete, coal briquette charcoal ash, and sugar solution are added to the mixture. The aim of this study was to determine the impact on concrete's compressive strength and flexural strength by adding 0.10%, 0.20%, and 0.30% sugar solution containing 5% charcoal briquettes. There were 39 specimen samples, including 16 samples of variance concrete and 23 samples of regular concrete. Concrete on the test object is treated by immersing it for 28 days. When the specimen was 28 days old, the concrete's compressive and flexural strengths were evaluated. According to the test's findings, variation concrete has greater compressive and flexural strengths than regular concrete. The compressive strength and flexural strength of the concrete mixture increase with the amount of sugar solution added

Pid-Based Bottle Shark Heart Heater Design and Development

Traditional medicines are ingredients or ingredients in the form of plant ingredients, animal ingredients, mineral ingredients, galenic preparations, or mixtures of these materials, which have been used for generations for treatment and can be applied according to the norms in force in society. Bottle shark (Centrophorus atromarginatus) has good prospects as a producer of liver oil; this fish is easy to catch and occurs in relatively large quantities in Indonesian waters. The catch rate until now is only 39% of its sustainable potential. Bottled shark liver oil contains 90% squalene, Vitamin A, and Omega, which are very useful for the human body as a supplement for heart disease and stomach ulcers and increase stamina and brain intelligence. The rapid Development of technology certainly benefits the people who use it. One example of today's use of technology is applying a technology system for the fisheries sector. This tool works automatically to monitor the processing of bottled shark livers. That way, fishermen don't have to worry about cloudy weather or things that will take longer than processing the shark liver bottle. This Bottle Shark Liver Heater uses temperatures at 31˚, 32˚, 33˚, 34˚, and 35˚. With PID (Proportional Integral Derivative) control, the quality of the Bottle Shark liver can be maintained. This tool is supported by a DS18B20 temperature sensor, Arduino uno, Relay, Ceramic Heater element, DC Fan, LCD 16X12, Power Supply, and Switch. It is hoped that the community, with this automatic system device, can make it easier to manage Bottle Shark Liver Oil.

Sustainable predictive model of concrete utilizing waste ingredient: Individual alogrithms with optimized ensemble approaches

Silica fume (SF) is a prominent mineral ingredient used to manufacture sustainable concrete in the construction industry. The use of silica fume as a partial substitute for cement has numerous advantages, including lower carbon dioxide (CO2) excretion, more economical concrete, higher strength, and improved mechanical capabilities. As the effects of climate change continue to deteriorate, it has become crucial to create machine learning approaches with predictive capacities. Therefore, the purpose of this investigation is to develop models for evaluating the compressive strength (CS) of silica fume concrete (SF-C). This study utilizes various stand alone algorithms and modified like decision tree (DT), random forest (RF), mulilayer perceptron neural network (ANN), support vector regression. Afterwards, ensembling of the algorithms is done with bagging and boosting with adaboot to minimize the variance and biasness. To develop models, comprehensive published data is gathered containing 283 samples with superplastisizer (kg/m3), cement (kg/m3), silica fume (kg/m3), fine aggregate (kg/m3), coarse aggregate (kg/m3), and water (kg/m3) as input parameters. Moreover, statistical approaches is employed to assess the models capacity, including mean absolute error (MAE), root mean square error (RMSE), and coefficient of determination (R2). The result reveals that the ensemble approach on standalone models and modified bagging depicts robust performance with R2 > 0.9. Infact, RF gives a most accurate and precise measures with R2 = 0.95. Similarly, cross-validation measures was utilized to eliminate fitting issues and evaluate the generalized modeling technique's results. The permutation importance reveals that silica fume have major influence to its outcome. Thus, uitlization of MLA in concrete industry will save time and give robust results in making an eco-friendly concrete.

Socialization Of Community Knowledge Management About Pharmaceutical Products In Suka Damai Village, Langkat, North Sumatra

Socialization of public knowledge management about pharmaceutical products aims to provide information as a form of dissemination in the form of education. This community service was carried out in Suka Damai Village, Langkat district, North Sumatra Province. The purpose of this community service is to provide and practice knowledge about pharmaceutical products through traditional medicines which are mixed from plant ingredients, animal ingredients, mineral ingredients, galenic preparations, or mixtures of these materials. Traditional medicine can be made into a simple product that can be made and practiced by yourself, for example roll on aromatherapy or commonly called freshcare which has many uses in everyday life. Apart from that, other products such as dry instant ginger drinks can also be consumed with various benefits.The use of natural materials can also be used as a way to open business opportunities. Thus, people gain knowledge and know how to make one of the health products that so far when they want to use it they have to buy it first.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Jamu Instan Pada Masyarakat Di Desa Kemanisan Kecamatan Curug Serang Sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Kemandirian Ekonomi Keluarga

Traditional medicines are ingredients in the form of plant ingredients, animal ingredients, mineral ingredients, galenic preparations, or mixtures of these materials which have been used for generations for treatment and can be applied in accordance with the norms in force in society, while herbal medicine is a Traditional Medicine made in Indonesia. The purpose of this research is to increase understanding of the importance of increasing understanding regarding the processing of instant herbal medicine and raising awareness of the importance of improving skills in the form of training on making good and correct instant herbal medicine in Kemanisan village. The community service method used in this research is in the form of community relations through counseling and health training. The results showed that the knowledge level of the respondents before the training, namely 41,7 %, was in the sufficient category. The respondents' knowledge level after the training was 50% in the good category. Based on the study results, it can be concluded that the respondents' knowledge level before and after counseling and training increased their knowledge. Community service activities through counseling methods can increase respondents' knowledge regarding managing medicinal plants into an instant herbal products with economic value.

Improving properties of portland cement using new types of composite additives

The possibility of improving the physical and mechanical properties of Portland cement with maximum clinker savings by optimizing the composition of hybrid additives is shown. It has been established that hybrid additives combining local mineral ingredients with the additive of artificial origin Phosfozol allow saving low-clinker Portland cement while maintaining its original grade 400.

A REVIEW ON RASAYANA YOGAS OF YOGARATNAKAR

The treatise "Yogaratnakara" describes entire Ayurveda in a very organized and unique style. The aushadhis (medicines) which delays the process of ageing, prevents body from disease, strengthen eyes, increase rasadi dhatus (major structural components of the body) and virya (virility) is known as rasayanam (rejuvenation). By consumption of rasayana (rejuvenation), human being can acquire long life, memory power, intelligence, healthy body, youthfulness and strength in sense organs. In yogaratnakar, eighteen rasayanas are mentioned. In mandukaparnayadi yoga, there are four elements specified; nevertheless, shankapushpi is said to be more effective in terms of medhya vardhaka (increase intellect) activity. Triphala (Terminalia chebula, Terminalia bellirica, Emblica officinalis) rasayana (rejuvenation) is more potent when taken with one of these components—Vamshalochan (Bambusa arundinacea), Pippali (Piper longum), Saindhava lavana (rock salt), or Sita (sugar candy). Pippali (Piper longum) is indicated in shula (pain), chardi (vomiting), kasa (cough), jvara (fever). Lavana (salt) is having snigdha (unctuousness), laghu (light) guna (qualities) and shitala (coldness). Ritu (season) haritaki (Terminalia chebula) yoga (formulation) is indicated with different ingredient in specific season. Haritaki itself is mentioned as rasayana (rejuvenation) and it has shown clinically effective results in common cold, fever and improve good quality of life. In other formulations also herbal or mineral ingredients with rasayana (rejuvenation) properties are present. Rasayana (rejuvenation) is only helpful when administered in the right dose, at the right time, and with the suitable pathya.

Evaluating Properties of Blended and High Volume Fly Ash Bottom Ash (FABA) Concrete in Peat Water

FABA is a by-product of coal combustion in power plants comprising fly ash (FA) and bottom ash (BA) in ratios of 80/20. Fly ash has great potential as a mineral ingredient in concrete, while bottom ash compromises its strength and durability. However, both materials are used to improve the strength and durability of structures in sulfate, chloride, and acidic environments. This research evaluated the properties of blended and high-volume FABA concrete, such as the strength, porosity, weight loss, and sorptivity in organic acidic peat water. OPC (Ordinary Portland Cement) was compared to the blended concrete containing 25% FABA and its high-volume containing 50% and 75% FABA with target strengths of 15, 21, and 29 MPa. The compressive strength of blended and high volume FABA increased during the immersion period, while the porosity and sorptivity rates decreased. Furthermore, the strength of the OPC concrete declined at 28 days, with a gradual marginal weight loss of 5% observed in all mixes. This research suggested that blended and high-volume FABA has potential as a construction material in an acidic peatland environment.

Elemental and Chemical Phase Analyses of Ras-Family Ayurvedic Medicinal Products.

Fifteen Ayurvedic medicines of Ras-family (herbo-mineral-metallic preparations) from three reputed manufactures were analysed for elemental quantification and their chemical phase identification using the energy-dispersive (ED) and wavelength-dispersive (WD) X-ray fluorescence (XRF) techniques, and powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique, respectively. The low-Z elements C, H, N, S and O constituting a major portion of these medicines were also determined by CHNSO analyser and further used as input for XRF analyses. The elements of concern, Hg, Pb and As, are identified in different medicine products with disquiet concentration values (maximum concentration values range ~ 4-10%) and that too with substantial variations in the products from different manufacturers. These elements are identified mainly in the cinnabar (α-HgS)/metacinnabar (β-HgS), litharge (PbO) and alacranite (As4S4) phases in different medicines. Keeping in view the high concentration of chemicals of the Hg, Pb and As elements in the Ras-family medicines, it is vitally required to investigate their bioaccessibility and surmise the associated toxicological aspects. It is suggested that the formation of the bioaccessible toxic chemical forms of the Hg, Pb and As elements be avoided during preparation of the mineral ingredients or these soluble chemical forms be removed at suitable stage of the preparation. In view of large variations observed for the Hg, Pb and As based ingredients in the Ras family Ayurvedic medicine products from different manufacturers, adequate quality control mechanisms and production regulations are recommended.

Salt tolerance of Papaya (Carica papaya), Indian spinach (Basella alba L.) and Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) in the south central coastal region of Bangladesh

A study was conducted on saline tolerant vegetables with their mineral constituents for nutritional security during July 2020 to June 2021. Edible portions of the three summer vegetables, such as papaya, Indian spinach and okra were collected from Barguna and Patuakhali districts. The locations were Sawdagarpara, Taltoli, Barguna district, Pakhimara of Khepupara upazila and Dumki of Patuakhali district. Sawdagarpara (saline soil, EC=6.2 dSm-1), Taltoli, Barguna district and Pakhimara (saline soil, EC=3.8 dSm-1), Khepupara, Patuakhali district were selected as the saline areas and Dumki (non-saline soil, EC=0.9 dSm-1), Patuakhali was a non-saline area on the basis of soil EC levels. The vegetables were analyzed for P, K, Ca, Mg and S. In saline areas, comparatively lower accumulations of P and higher accumulations of K, Ca, Mg and S were found in non-saline areas. Considering the achieved findings, studied vegetables can tolerate moderate salinity (soil EC value up to 6.2dSm-1) and they can be recommended to grow commercially in the study area for nutritional security. The accumulation trend in the vegetables was Ca>Mg>P>K>S. On the basis of total mineral ingredients, the trend of vegetables was found to be Indian spinach> papaya> okra. Therefore, the study recommended that Carica papaya, Basella alba L. and Abelmoschus esculentus are the moderately saline tolerant vegetable crops.

Sapropel – Mining Characteristics and Potential Use in Medicine

Abstract Found in lakes, freshwater sapropel is a sediment with a fine structure containing more than 10% of organic matter as well as residues of aquatic organisms with a small content of inorganic components of biogenic origin and mixture of mineral ingredients. The mud was first used in medicine by ancient Greeks, and it gained more popularity together with development of balneology in Europe in the 19th century as a remedy for several diseases. The last century also brought wider popularity in its cosmetic use. Despite its wide usage, mechanisms behind its effects are not so clear yet. Broad but fragmented studies on the effects of sapropel are available, but few have used modern research methods. There is evidence suggesting that its positive health effects are linked to its thermal capacity, ability of penetration in tissues and biological activity of its components, e.g., humic substances. Evidence also suggests antimicrobial activity and positive effects on skin regeneration. This review aims at summarising available knowledge on the structure and composition of sapropel and its effects on the human body, as well as its potential for further evidence-based use in medicine and cosmetics.

Overview of Sang-e-Surma (Antimony Sulphide or Lead Sulphide): A Mineral Origin Unani Drug

The ultra-fine powder of Sang-e-Surma (Surma Stone), also known as Kohl, is used for various eye ailments either alone or in combination with other herbal or mineral ingredients. The earliest use of Surma is reported in Egypt about 3100 BC. Data from a number of studies conducted on Sang-e-Surma using modern analytical techniques have cleared the uncertainty that Surma stone is mainly composed of lead sulphide. Surma is reported to be used for impaired eye-sight, ophthalmia, cataract, itching, redness, irritation, watering of eyes, shedding of eyelashes and in the initial stage of cataract. The use of lead based Surma is discouraged owing to reports of lead toxicity though the sun glare protection and antimicrobial effects of Surma have been established. Reports on lead toxicity by the application of Surma in eyes are conflicting. Appropriately planned studies are warranted to elaborate the toxic effects of lead based Surma/kohl in terms of detoxification of Sang-e-Surma, preclinical toxicity and clinical trial.