Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction Therapy Research Articles

Clinical effects of nonconvulsive electrotherapy combined with mindfulness-based stress reduction and changes of serum inflammatory factors in depression.

Depression is a common and serious psychological condition, which seriously affects individual well-being and functional ability. Traditional treatment methods include drug therapy and psychological counseling; however, these methods have different degrees of side effects and limitations. In recent years, nonconvulsive electrotherapy (NET) has attracted increasing attention as a noninvasive treatment method. However, the clinical efficacy and potential mechanism of NET on depression are still unclear. We hypothesized that NET has a positive clinical effect in the treatment of depression, and may have a regulatory effect on serum inflammatory factors during treatment. To assess the effects of NET on depression and analyze changes in serum inflammatory factors. This retrospective study enrolled 140 patients undergoing treatment for depression between May 2017 and June 2022, the observation group that received a combination of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and NET treatment (n = 70) and the control group that only received MBSR therapy (n = 70). The clinical effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated by assessing various factors, including the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD)-17, self-rating idea of suicide scale (SSIOS), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and levels of serum inflammatory factors before and after 8 wk of treatment. The quality of life scores between the two groups were compared. Comparisons were made using t and χ2 tests. After 8 wk of treatment, the observation group exhibited a 91.43% overall effectiveness rate which was higher than that of the control group which was 74.29% (64 vs 52, χ2 = 7.241; P < 0.05). The HAMD, SSIOS, and PSQI scores showed a significant decrease in both groups. Moreover, the observation group had lower scores than the control group (10.37 ± 2.04 vs 14.02 ± 2.16, t = 10.280; 1.67 ±0.28 vs 0.87 ± 0.12, t = 21.970; 5.29 ± 1.33 vs 7.94 ± 1.35, t = 11.700; P both < 0.001). Additionally, there was a notable decrease in the IL-2, IL-1β, and IL-6 in both groups after treatment. Furthermore, the observation group exhibited superior serum inflammatory factors compared to the control group (70.12 ± 10.32 vs 102.24 ± 20.21, t = 11.840; 19.35 ± 2.46 vs 22.27 ± 2.13, t = 7.508; 32.25 ± 4.6 vs 39.42 ± 4.23, t = 9.565; P both < 0.001). Moreover, the observation group exhibited significantly improved quality of life scores compared to the control group (Social function: 19.25 ± 2.76 vs 16.23 ± 2.34; Emotions: 18.54 ± 2.83 vs 12.28 ± 2.16; Environment: 18.49 ± 2.48 vs 16.56 ± 3.44; Physical health: 19.53 ± 2.39 vs 16.62 ± 3.46; P both < 0.001) after treatment. MBSR combined with NET effectively alleviates depression, lowers inflammation (IL-2, IL-1β, and IL-6), reduces suicidal thoughts, enhances sleep, and improves the quality of life of individuals with depression.

Exploring unmet needs and preferences of young adult stroke patients for post-stroke care through PROMs and gender differences

BackgroundStroke incidence among young adults of working age (under 65 years of age) has significantly increased in the past decade, with major individual, social, and economic implications. There is a paucity of research exploring the needs of this patient population. This study assessed: (1) young adult stroke patients' physical, psychological, and occupational functioning and health-related quality of life (HRQoL); and (2) post-stroke care preferences using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), with attention to gender differences.MethodsA cross-sectional pilot study was conducted. Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics were collected through chart review and data on occupational function, physical, psychological, and social wellbeing &amp;gt;90 days post-stroke through a self-reported survey. Descriptive statistics, gender-based, and regression analyses were conducted.ResultsThe sample included 85 participants. Participants reported impairments in both, occupational functioning, with 58.7% not returned to work (RTW), and HRQoL, specifically with social activities (37%), anxiety (34%), and cognitive function (34%). Women had significantly (p &amp;lt; 0.05) worse physical symptoms (sleep disturbance and fatigue), emotional health (depression, stigma, emotional dyscontrol) scores, and sense of self-identify post-stroke. Over 70% of participants preferred in-person post-stroke care led by health care providers and felt they would have benefited from receiving information on physical health (71.4%), emotional and psychological health (56.0%), RTW (38.1%), and self-identity (26.2%) post-stroke. Women preferred cognitive behavioral therapy (p = 0.018) and mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy (p = 0.016), while men preferred pharmacotherapy (p = 0.02) for psychological symptoms.ConclusionThis is the first study to report impaired HRQoL, psychological and occupational functioning using PROMs, with significant gender differences and preferences for post-stroke care delivery among young adult stroke patients at &amp;gt;90 days after stroke. The findings highlight the importance of needs, gender, and age-specific post-stroke education and interventions.

Mental Health and Quality of Life in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients with Mild-to-Moderate Depression: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Therapy.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients may experience pessimism, and even despair, due to long-term nature of the condition, which increases the risk of depression. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) can relieve depression. This retrospective cohort study aimed to investigate the effects of MBSR on mental health and quality of life in CKD patients with mild-to-moderate depression, so as to provide guidance for clinical nursing programs. The clinical data of 100 CKD patients with mild-to-moderate depression who were treated in Jiading District Central Hospital Affiliated Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences from January 2021 to March 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on nursing method received, the patients were divided into the conventional group (conventional management) and the MBSR group (MBSR therapy was implemented in addition to conventional management). After matching, there were 35 cases in each group. The scores for the self-rating depression scale (SDS), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), Five-factor Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and 36-item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) were compared between the two groups. After management, the SDS and PSQI scores of the MBSR group were lower than those of the conventional group, and the CD-RISC, FFMQ and SF-36 scores were higher than those of the conventional group (p < 0.05). MBSR can improve the mental health, sleep quality, and quality of life of CKD patients with mild-to-moderate depression, and improve psychological resilience and mindfulness.

Current evidence of integrative oncology modalities for managing adverse effects and survivorship issues among adolescents and young adult (AYA) cancer patients and survivors.

Symptom burden of cancer diagnosis and treatment has led adolescents and young adult cancer patients (AYAC) and survivors to seek different self-management strategies including integrative oncology (IO) modalities. IO holds great promise to improve survivorship issues in adolescents and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors. This review aims to encompass the current evidence of IO modalities and to analyze the efficacy of IO for managing survivorship issues among AYA cancer patients and survivors. Nineteen randomized controlled trials included in this review evaluated mind and body modalities including both physical and psychological (74%) and psychological only (26%) modalities. Most assessed IO modalities were physical activity (PA) (37%) and structured exercise (10%). Most effective IO modalities found were PA, massage, mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) and light therapy for treating AYA symptom burden. The Cochrane risk of bias (RoB-2) concluded 21% studies had high risk, 58% possessed some concerns and 21% had low risk. Although evidence has shown that a number of IO modalities may improve survivorship among AYA cancer survivors, more rigorous study designs are needed in order for these modalities to be routinely recommended for use in clinical practice.

Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction on Mental Health and Psychological Quality of Life among University Students: A GRADE-Assessed Systematic Review.

Psychological distress is a progressive health problem that has been linked to decreased quality of life among university students. This meta-analysis reviews existing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that have examined the effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on the relief of psychosomatic stress-related outcomes and quality of life among university students. The PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, PsycINFO (formerly PsychLit), Ovid MEDLINE, ERIC, Scopus, Google Scholar, ProQuest, and Cochrane Library databases were searched in November 2023 to identify the RCTs for analysis. Data on pathology (anxiety, depression, and perceived stress), physical capacity (sleep quality and physical health), and well-being (mindfulness, self-kindness, social function, and subjective well-being) were analyzed. Of the 276 articles retrieved, 29 met the inclusion criteria. Compared with control therapies, the pooled results suggested that MBSR had significant effects, reducing anxiety (SMD = -0.29; 95% CI: -0.49 to -0.09), depression (SMD = -0.32; 95% CI: -0.62 to -0.02), and perceived stress (SMD = -0.41; 95% CI: -0.60 to -0.29) and improving mindfulness (SMD = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.59), self-kindness (SMD = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.30 to 1.12), and physical health (SMD = -0.59; 95% CI: -1.14 to -0.04). No significant differences were observed in sleep quality (SMD = -0.20; 95% CI: -0.06 to 0.20), social function (SMD = -0.71; 95% CI: -2.40 to 0.97), or subjective well-being (SMD = 0.07; 95% CI: -0.18 to 0.32). The quality of the evidence regarding sleep quality and physical health outcomes was low. MBSR therapy appears to be potentially useful in relieving functional emotional disorders. However, additional evidence-based large-sample trials are required to definitively determine the forms of mindfulness-based therapy that may be effective in this context and ensure that the benefits obtained are ongoing. Future studies should investigate more personalized approaches involving interventions that are tailored to various barriers and students' clinical characteristics. To optimize the effects of such interventions, they should be developed and evaluated using various designs such as the multiphase optimization strategy, which allows for the identification and tailoring of the most valuable intervention components.

Mindfulness Practices: Pragmatic Tool for Addressing the Mindlessness Among Healthcare Providers

Mindfulness is untethered by past, present, and future constraints. Its versatility and effectiveness have led to broad application in the medical domain, and these approaches, such as programs like Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), have further solidified their reputation as pragmatic tools, especially in patient care, contributing to improving people’s well-being and healthcare outcomes. However, healthcare providers need to be recipients of mindfulness practices since there is so much mindlessness among healthcare providers, presenting as misdiagnosis, delayed treatment, suboptimal care, etc. Therefore, since mindfulness practices have been proven to effectively reduce various kinds of mindlessness, they should extend their benefits to healthcare providers who, like anyone else, can grapple with moments of mindlessness in their work.

Application progress of mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy in patients with depressive disorders

Application progress of mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy in patients with depressive disorders

The use of mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in psychosis

The use of mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in psychosis

Randomized controlled trial on the effects of mindfulness-based respiratory decompression therapy in claustrophobic patients undergoing MRI inspection

BackgroundClaustrophobia is a psychological disease. It is estimated to occur in 2.1–14.3% of all magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examinations. Mindfulness decompression is an effective means to treat and reduce fear and anxiety. There is a rare report on the application of mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy in the magnetic resonance examinations of patients with claustrophobia to date.PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explore the intervention effect of mindfulness respiratory decompression therapy on the MRI inspection of patients with claustrophobia.MethodsA total of 86 patients with claustrophobia requiring MRI in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2020 were divided into two groups. The control group was given routine psychological nursing, and the observation group was given a mindfulness breathing technique on the basis of the control group. Before and after the intervention, we compared the intervention effect, satisfaction with nurses’ psychological intervention technique, severe autonomic nervous symptoms during the examination, self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) scores, and profile of mood states revised (POMS-R) scores.ResultsThe total effective rate of intervention in the observation group was 90.90%, which was significantly higher (χ2 = 6.857, p = 0.00004) than that in the control group (26.19%). Severe autonomic nervous symptoms in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (p &amp;lt; 0.05). After the intervention, SAS scores and POMS-R scores in the observation group decreased with statistical significance (p &amp;lt; 0.05).ConclusionMindfulness respiratory decompression therapy can effectively help claustrophobic patients complete an MRI examination, which may be worthy of wide promotion and application in the clinic.

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and Compassion-Focused Therapy on the Cognitive Emotion Regulation in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Background: We aimed to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction and compassion-focused on the cognitive regulation of emotion in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The research method was the semi-experimental type, with pre-test, post-test, follow-up, and experimental and control groups. Methods: The population included patients with IBS in Isfahan city; 45 of them were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to 3 groups (15 in each group). Then, the patients of one experimental group received eight sessions of 90 minutes of a mindfulness-based stress reduction program, while the other experimental group received eight sessions of 90 minutes of compassion-focused therapy. The measurement tools included the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (Garnefski and Kraaij, 2002) and a short clinical interview. Research data were analyzed using variance analysis with repeated measures on one factor (mixed design). Results: Both intervention methods were equally effective in changing the cognitive regulation of adaptive emotion mean scores (P<0.01), but the effect of compassion-focused therapy on improving the mean scores of cognitive regulation of adaptive emotion was more than mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy (P<0.05). Conclusion: It was concluded that both intervention methods can be used as complementary treatment for patients with IBS.

The Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy and Comparing its Effectiveness with Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction of Job Stress and its Components in Employees with Job Stress

Introduction: job stress is defined as the accumulation of stressful factors in job-related situations, which most people agree is stressful, and it can be the direct factor in the intention to leave the job. The present study investigates the effectiveness of virtual reality exposure therapy and compares its effectiveness with mindfulness-based stress reduction based on mindfulness on the components of job stress employees with job stress.&#x0D; Materials and Methods: The research design was a semi-experimental pre and post-test with a control group and a follow-up phase. The statistical population included all employees with job stress in a private company in Isfahan City in 2022, and the research sample included 45 employees who were randomly divided into three groups of 15: virtual reality therapy, mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy, and Controls were replaced. The people of the two intervention groups participated in the intervention sessions; The first experimental group underwent eight 20-minute weekly sessions of virtual reality therapy, and the second experimental group underwent eight weekly 45-minute sessions based on the Kabat-Zin training package (1990 and 2013), but for the control group no interventions were performed. The participants responded to the occupational stress questionnaire of the Health and Safety Institute of England Steinmetz (HSE) (1990) in three stages. The research data were analyzed with analysis of covariance and Bonferroni's post hoc test and using SPSS23 statistical software at two descriptive and inferential levels.&#x0D; Results: The results of covariance analysis and Bonferroni's post hoc test indicated that both intervention methods equally and effectively reduced occupational stress in the fields of role, communication, support of colleagues, changes in employees, and the effect of both interventions remained stable over time (P&lt;0.01). Although both methods of intervention reduced the pressure and job stress of employees, and the components of stress include support, control, and demand from officials, and its effect remained constant over time, virtual reality treatment was more effective in both stages (P&gt;0.05). &#x0D; Conclusion: The results showed that virtual reality courses and stress reduction based on mindfulness can reduce the tensions and job stress of personnel and employees of organizations.

A Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of "Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Therapy(MBSRT)" in Reducing Symptom Severity and Improving Quality of Life in Patients Suffering From Irritable Bowel Syndrome.

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disease with a high prevalence. IBS is considered a disorder of brain-gut interaction. Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Therapy (MBSRT) is a form of treatment that uses meditation and relaxation to foster awareness and acceptance of the present moment. This kind of therapy requires individuals to practice noticing and observing details about their surroundings without passing judgment or reacting to triggers in the environment. After making the diagnosis of IBS, 30 patients were subjected to concomitant MBSRT in addition to pharmacological therapy(Case Group) while the remaining were given only pharmacotherapy (Control Group). MBSRT was performed by a Clinical Psychologist. Seventeen patients were given only pharmacological therapy (Control Group). Scores were assessed using the IBS Symptom Severity Scale (IBS-SSS), Five Facets of Mindfulness Questionnaire(FFMQ), and World Health Organisation Quality Of Life-BREF (WHO-QOL-BREF) before and after the completion of MBSRT sessions. The study included 47 patients (30 in the case group and 17 in the control group) who presented to Medicine OPD and were diagnosed with IBS. Kendall tau correlation test was applied for IBS-SSS scores, which showed significant improvement in IBS-SSS scores postmindfulness therapy in the case group with P value of <0.001. McNemar test was applied for FFMQ scores, which showed significant improvement in FFMQ scores postmindfulness therapy in the case group with a P value of <0.001. A logistic regression model was also generated, which showed a significant change in QOL scores after MBSRT. IBS patients who received MBSRT had a greater improvement in the quality of life and mindfulness components and reduced IBS symptoms as compared with the control group.

Wellness in Nursing Education to Promote Resilience and Reduce Burnout: Protocol for a Holistic Multidimensional Wellness Intervention and Longitudinal Research Study Design in Nursing Education.

The United States faces a nursing shortage driven by a burnout epidemic among nurses and nursing students. Nursing students are an integral population to fuel the nursing workforce at high risk of burnout and increased rates of perceived stress. The aim of this paper is to describe WellNurse, a holistic, interdisciplinary, multidimensional longitudinal research study that examines evidence-based interventions intended to reduce burnout and increase resilience among graduate and undergraduate nursing students. Graduate and undergraduate nursing students matriculated at a large public university in the northeastern United States are eligible to enroll in this ongoing, longitudinal cohort study beginning in March 2021. Participants complete a battery of health measurements twice each semester during the fourth week and the week before final examinations. The measures include the Perceived Stress Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory, the Brief Resilience Scale, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. Participants are eligible to enroll in a variety of interventions, including mindfulness-based stress reduction, mindful eating, fitness training, and massage therapy. Those who enroll in specific, targeted interventions complete additional measures designed to target the aim of the intervention. All participants receive a free Fitbit device. Additional environmental changes are being implemented to further promote a culture that supports academic well-being, including recruiting a diverse student population through evidence-based holistic admissions, inclusive teaching design, targeted resilience and stress reduction workshops, and cultural shifts within classrooms and curricula. The study design protocol is registered at Open Science Framework (DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/NCBPE). The project was funded on January 1, 2022. Data collection started in March 2022. A total of 267 participants have been recruited. Results will be published after each semester starting in December 2023. WellNurse evaluation follows the Rapid Cycle Quality Improvement framework to continuously monitor ongoing project processes, activity outcomes, and progress toward reducing burnout and increasing resilience. Rapid Cycle Quality Improvement promotes the ability to alter WellNurse interventions, examine multiple interventions, and test their effectiveness among the nursing education population to identify the most effective interventions. Academic nursing organizations must address student burnout risk and increase resilience to produce a future workforce that provides high-quality patient care to a diverse population. Findings from WellNurse will support evidence-based implementations for public baccalaureate and master's nursing programs in the United States. DERR1-10.2196/49020.

The effect of mindfulness therapy through an android application on nurses' work stress: A literature review

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Introduction: &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Several studies have shown that nurses have high levels of work stress. Work stress can be overcome with therapy, especially mindfulness therapy. The purpose of this literature review is to synthesize the literature on mindfulness therapy to reduce work stress for nurses.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Objectives : &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The formulation of the problem in this study is how to influence mindfulness therapy through an android applicationon work stress on work nurses in Emergency Room.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Methods: &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Literature search was carried out using several databases, including PubMed and Scient Direct. The keywords used are different in each database. For Pubmed use "mindfulness" and "online" and "workload" or "work stress" or "occupational stress" and “nurse”, meanwhile for scient direct use "mindfulness" and "online" or "app" and "workload" or "work stress" or "occupational stress" and "RCT". &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Results: &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;The search results from various literature obtained 360 articles, then through a series of selections, 67 match the criteria. These articles are publications from 2018 – 2023. but only 7 articles that are reviewed and in accordance with the research topic and 2 articles not available cannot be accessed, 1 article another language. There were 4 selected articles left for review. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nurses work have a high level of stress associated with a large workload. Work stress that is not handled properly can lead to social dysfunction and somatic disorders. Mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy is known effective in reducing the level of nurses anxiety, work fatigue, and work stress. Direct application or online is safe to give, because it does not have significant difference in effectiveness.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

The Effectiveness of Solution-focused Narrative Therapy and Mindfulness-based Stress Reduction on the Level of Expressed Emotion in Mothers of Boys With Gross Motor Disabilities

Background: Mothers with disabled children often express emotions, such as aggression and criticism toward their children. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of solution-focused narrative therapy (SFNT) and mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) on managing the expressed emotions of mothers of boys with gross motor disabilities. Methods: This quasi-experimental study has a pre-test-post-test design with intervention and control groups. The research population consisted of all the mothers of children with gross motor disabilities referred to the “Success Counseling Center” in Tehran City, Iran, in 2022. A total of 45 eligible mothers were selected and randomly assigned to three groups: Two intervention groups and one control group (each 15). The SFNT was held in nine 90-minute sessions and the MBSR therapy in eight 90-minute sessions. The data were collected with the level of expressed emotion scale and analyzed using descriptive statistics, such as frequency, percentage, Mean±SD, and the multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and LSD post hoc test in SPSS software, version 26. The significance level was set at P&lt;0.05. Results: The post-test results showed a statistically significant difference between the mean scores of expressed emotion of the three groups (P&lt;0.05). However, compared to MBSR, SFNT demonstrated greater efficacy in reducing mothers’ expressed negative emotions (P&lt;0.05). Conclusion: Both therapies effectively reduced expressed negative emotions in mothers with disabled male children. However, SFNT had a greater effect on expressed emotion compared to MBSR. In addition to pharmacological treatments, psychological interventions (SFNT and MBSR) can help mothers of boys with gross motor disabilities manage their expressed emotions and care for their children better.

Episodic Migraine and Psychiatric Comorbidity: A Narrative Review of the Literature.

We evaluate the evolving evidence of psychiatric comorbidities associated with episodic migraine. Utilizing recent research publications, we aim to assess traditional treatment option considerations and discuss recent and evolving non-pharmacologic treatment progress for episodic migraine and related psychiatric conditions. Recent findings indicate that episodic migraine is strongly linked to comorbid depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress disorder, and sleep disorders. Not only do patients with episodic migraine have higher rates of psychiatric comorbidity, but a higher number of headache days reported is also strongly linked to an increased risk of developing a psychiatric disorder, indicating there may be a link between frequency and psychiatric comorbidity and that patients with high-frequency episodic migraine should be assessed for psychiatric comorbidity. Few migraine preventive medications have examined the effect of the medication on both migraine and psychiatric comorbidity though we discuss what has been reported in the literature. Non-pharmacologic-based treatments including behavioral therapies and mind-body interventions previously developed for psychiatric conditions, e.g., mindfulness-based CBT (MBCT), acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), and mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) therapy, have promising results for patients diagnosed with episodic migraine and may therefore be useful in treating migraine and comorbid psychiatric conditions. Psychiatric comorbidity may affect the efficacy of the treatment of episodic migraine. Thus, we must assess for psychiatric comorbidities to inform better treatment plans for patients. Providing patients with episodic migraine with alternate modalities of treatment may help to improve patient-centered care and increase patients' sense of self-efficacy.

Supplemental Material for The Mechanisms of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Cancer Patients and Survivors: A Systematic Review

Supplemental Material for The Mechanisms of Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Cancer Patients and Survivors: A Systematic Review

The mechanisms of mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for cancer patients and survivors: A systematic review.

The mechanisms of mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for cancer patients and survivors: A systematic review.

To Assess the Effect of Hospitalization on Adult Patients’ Mental Health

Based on the analysis and findings of this research, it can be concluded that hospitalization can have a significant impact on adult patients’ mental health. The results indicate that hospitalization was associated with increased levels of anxiety, depression, and stress among adult patients. This suggests that hospitalization can be a stressful and emotionally challenging experience for many patients. Additionally, the study found that the length of hospitalization was a significant factor in predicting the severity of mental health symptoms. Patients who had longer hospital stays tended to report higher levels of anxiety, depression, and stress during their stay period and even after discharge. These findings highlight the importance of providing psychological support and counseling services to patients during and after hospitalization. Therefore, the healthcare system should prioritize mental health care for hospitalized patients to help them cope with emotional and psychological stress of hospitalization. Future research in this area could explore the effectiveness of different interventions such as mindfulness-based stress reduction or cognitive-behavioral therapy in mitigating the negative mental health effects of hospitalization. Overall, the results of this study add to the growing body of research on the importance of mental health care in the hospital setting.

A Meta-analysis of Mindfulness and Sleep Quality

Mindfulness-based Therapies are an umbrella terminology for a group of interventions that is significantly efficient and effective in treating sleep disorders. To find out further research path of mindfulness-based stress reduction and mindfulness-based therapy for insomnia, a meta-analysis is conducted. Ten articles were included. The standardized mean difference is used as a measure to calculate this meta-analysis. Data in the analysis were processed using the random-effects model. The models effect size hedges g = -0.98 (95% CI: -1.69 to -0.27). Thus, significant difference from zero (z = -2.70, p = 0.007) was found in the average outcome. After subgroup analysis, when language served as moderator did the Q test results appeared to be homogeneous (Q (8) = 43.08, p &lt; 0.001, tau= 0.30, I= 86.20%). This study guides a) Chinese researchers to dig more into the applications as well as mechanisms and differences between Chinese and western participants, especially more creatively and innovatively, b) Researching in online MBSR and MBT-I might lead another path towards refined and enhanced application in the future and c) more detailed control information or factors should be reported or controlled.