Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy Group Research Articles

Effectiveness of Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy Verses Conventional Physiotherapy on Kinesiophobia in Patients with Frozen Shoulder: A Comparative Study

Background: Frozen Shoulder is defined as a clinical syndrome characterized by painful restriction of both active and passive shoulder movements (1) . there is high degree of kinesiophobia among patients having shoulder pain(2). Mindfulness based cognitive therapy (MBCT) may be an effective intervention for the treatment of active depression in a population with chronic pain (3) . The treatment goal of MBCT program, is to find ways of managing the pain and the adverse consequences on mental health and quality of life (4). considering that in patients with frozen shoulder treatment of pain alone was not enough to reduce fear of movement , Hence this study aimed to find the effect of MBCT on pain and kinesiophobia in patients with frozen shoulder. Objective: To find the effect of mindfulness based cognitive therapy on pain and kinesiophobia in patients with frozen shoulder. Methodology: After designing the study Institutional Ethical Approval was taken. Consent was obtained from all the participants. 30 samples were screened based on eligibility criteria, 2 were excluded and 28 were further divided into Group A (experimental group) received MBCT and conventional therapy and Group B (control group) received conventional therapy. Pre-assessment was by Tampa scale for kinesiophobia and VAS scale for pain done at Week 0. The experimental group received the MBCT and regular exercise program for 8 sessions 2 hours per day for 8 weeks. The control group received regular exercise program. Post-assessment was done at week 8. Result: The (INSTAT) was used for comparison of mean of group A and group B. One participant from the experimental group and one from the control group did not complete the study. The comparison of mean post intervention scores for group A and B of TSK Scores was found to be Extremely significant which was calculated using un-paired t test with t value t= 3.922, p value p= <0.0006. Comparison of mean post intervention scores for group A and B of VAS Scores was found to be Not significant which was calculated using un-paired t test with t value t= 0.4583, p value p= 0.6505. Conclusion: The study concludes that MBCT along with conventional physiotherapy is effective in reducing kinesiophobia in patients with frozen shoulder.

Cognitive Behavior Therapy vs Mindfulness in Treatment of Prolonged Grief Disorder

Although grief-focused cognitive behavior therapies are the most empirically supported treatment for prolonged grief disorder, many people find this treatment difficult. A viable alternative for treatment is mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. To examine the relative efficacies of grief-focused cognitive behavior therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy to reduce prolonged grief disorder severity. A single-blind, parallel, randomized clinical trial was conducted among adults aged 18 to 70 years with prolonged grief disorder, as defined in the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision, and assessed by clinical interview based on the Prolonged Grief-13 (PG-13) scale. Those with severe suicidal risk, presence of psychosis, or substance dependence were excluded. Between November 2012 and November 2022, eligible participants were randomized 1:1 to eleven 90-minute sessions of grief-focused cognitive behavior therapy or mindfulness-based cognitive therapy at a traumatic stress clinic in Sydney, Australia, with follow-up through 6 months. Both groups received once-weekly 90-minute individual sessions for 11 weeks. Grief-focused cognitive behavior therapy comprised 5 sessions of recalling memories of the deceased, plus cognitive restructuring and planning future social and positive activities. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy comprised mindfulness exercises adapted to tolerate grief-related distress. The primary outcome was change in prolonged grief disorder severity measured by the PG-13 scale assessed at baseline, 1 week posttreatment, and 6 months after treatment (primary outcome time point), as well as secondary outcome measures of depression, anxiety, grief-related cognition, and quality of life. The trial included 100 participants (mean [SD] age, 47.3 [13.4] years; 87 [87.0%] female), 50 in the grief-focused cognitive behavior therapy condition and 50 in the mindfulness-based cognitive therapy condition. Linear mixed models indicated that at the 6-month assessment, participants in the grief-focused cognitive behavior therapy group showed greater reduction in PG-13 scale score relative to those in the mindfulness-based cognitive therapy group (mean difference, 7.1; 95% CI, 1.6-12.5; P = .01), with a large between-group effect size (0.8; 95% CI, 0.2-1.3). Participants in the grief-focused cognitive behavior therapy group also demonstrated greater reductions in depression as measured on the Beck Depression Inventory than those in the mindfulness-based cognitive therapy group (mean difference, 6.6; 95% CI, 0.5-12.9; P = .04) and grief-related cognition (mean difference, 14.4; 95% CI, 2.8-25.9; P = .02). There were no other significant differences between treatment groups and no reported adverse events. In this study, grief-focused cognitive behavior therapy conferred more benefit for core prolonged grief disorder symptoms and associated problems 6 months after treatment than mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. Although both treatments may be considered for prolonged grief disorder, grief-focused cognitive behavior therapy might be the more effective choice, taking all factors into consideration. anzctr.org.au Identifier: ACTRN12612000307808.

Effects of Group Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy versus Supportive Sex Education on Sexual Concordance and Sexual Response Among Women with Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder

ABSTRACT Low interest in sexual activity and impaired sexual response are among women’s most frequent sexual concerns. Mindfulness-based treatments improve low sexual desire and arousal and associated distress. One theorized mechanism of change is the cultivation of increased mind-body awareness via greater concordance between psychological and physiological components of sexual response. We examined sexual psychophysiology data from 148 cisgender women randomized to receive mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MCBT: n = 70) or supportive sex education (STEP: n = 78) over eight weekly group sessions. Women completed in-lab assessments of subjective, affective, and genital sexual responses to an erotic film pre- and post-treatment, and at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Both groups showed positive changes in sexual and affective responses, but these were generally more pronounced for MBCT. MCBT increased sexual concordance to a greater degree, and gains in sexual concordance predicted improvements in sexual distress throughout treatment.

The effectiveness of online group mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for outpatients with depression in China

ObjectivesWith the development of online technology and the increase in real-world needs, conducting psychotherapy on online platforms has become a popular trend. The present study followed the schedule and content of Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT), and only changed the treatment format (from offline to online) to investigate the effectiveness of online group MBCT for Chinese outpatients with depression. MethodsThe study used before-and-after controlled design, and included 88 depressed outpatients, of which 75 formally underwent a 10-week online group MBCT. The 24-item Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD-24), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Self-Depression Rating Scale (SDS), Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), and Self-Acceptance Questionnaire (SAQ) were administered to patients one week prior to treatment, the fifth week of treatment, and the tenth week of treatment. Repeated-measures data were processed using linear mixed-effects models. Results75 patients (85.23 %) attended >4 sessions, 44 of whom were taking psychotropic medication during treatment. HAMD-24 and HAMA scores decreased significantly in both medicated and unmedicated patients (w10 < w1, p < 0.05). HAMD-24 and HAMA scores declined more rapidly in patients taking medication, with significant decreases in the fifth week (w5 < w1, p < 0.05). The remarkable effectiveness of treatment (HAMD-24 score reduction >50 %) was >30 %, but there were no significant changes in patients' SDS, MAAS, or SAQ scores. ConclusionsThis study supports the effectiveness of online group MBCT for outpatients with depression and the adherence of depressed patients to participate in online group MBCT was high.

Feasibility and acceptability of a virtual mindfulness intervention for Black adults with PTSD and depression: Randomized controlled trial

Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) offers promise as a group-based intervention to alleviate posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and depression symptoms in traumatized Black adults. Given the high level of barriers that exist for low-income Black adults, virtual delivery of MBCT may be helpful. This pilot randomized controlled trial assessed feasibility and acceptability of an adapted 8-week virtual MBCT group intervention for Black adults screening positive for PTSD and depression. Forty-six participants (89.3% women) recruited from an urban safety net hospital were randomized to MBCT or waitlist control (WLC). Overall feasibility was fair (70%); however, completion rates were higher for WLC than MBCT (90% vs. 54%). Group acceptability was high across quantitative and qualitative measures for study completers. Perceived barriers to psychological treatment were high (>9). While showing potential via improved coping skills and positive health changes, this intervention's success hinges on mitigating engagement barriers for future delivery; additional studies are warranted.

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Training (DBT-ST) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on Cognitive Emotion Regulation in Individuals with Symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder

Objective: Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is the most common personality disorder in psychiatric settings and one of the disorders that causes the most harm to individuals. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Training (DBT-ST) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on cognitive emotion regulation in individuals with symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder. Methods and Materials: This research was a semi-experimental study, utilizing a pre-test, post-test design with a control group and a follow-up period. The statistical population included all clients aged 18 to 45 who referred to counseling centers in the city of Sari during the first half of 2022 and had files. From all these individuals, those willing to cooperate were selected through purposive non-random sampling, resulting in a sample of 45 participants. These individuals were then randomly assigned to three groups (Group 1: Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Training, n = 15; Group 2: Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy, n = 15; and Group 3: Control group, n = 15). Data collection was conducted using the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire by Garnefski et al. (2001). The Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Training group (2003) participated in 12 weekly 90-minute group sessions, and the Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy group (2002) participated in 8 weekly 90-minute group sessions. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA. Findings: The results indicated that Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Training and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy were effective on cognitive emotion regulation in individuals with symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder (P = 0.001). There was a significant difference in the effectiveness of Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Training and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on cognitive emotion regulation between the experimental groups and the control group. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that Dialectical Behavior Therapy Skills Training and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy, through individuals' cognitive coping strategies, can lead to improvements in psychological indicators and enhancement of mental health in individuals with symptoms of Borderline Personality Disorder.

A randomized controlled trial of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for major depressive disorder in undergraduate students: Dose- response effect, inflammatory markers and BDNF

To examine the dose-response effect of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) for college students with major depressive disorder (MDD), a randomized control trial with MBCT and a wait-list (WL) group was performed. All participants were invited to self-administer a set of questionnaires at baseline, mid-intervention (4th week), and post-intervention (8th week) by the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ), the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). The serum levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, BDNF were detected at baseline and post-intervention. After intervention, the scores of PHQ-9, GAD-7, PSQI, and the levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α in the MBCT were significantly lower than those in WL group, and total scores of FFMQ, SCS, and the level of BDNF were significantly higher than those in WL group. In MBCT group, daily practice time and session numbers positively related to reduction rates of PHQ-9, GAD-7 and PSQI at post-intervention. The reduction rate of PHQ-9, GAD-7 and PSQI at post-intervention in the completers were higher significantly than those in the partial attendees. These findings suggested MBCT is effective for MDD, and the intervention has a dose-response effect. Trial registrationRegistration number is [ChiCTR2100044309].

Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy on the Anxiety Reduction in 3rd Trimester of Pregnant Women

Background: Untreated pregnancy anxiety can have a significant impact on the pregnancy and postpartum outcomes. Causing mental disorders during pregnancy has an increased risk and adverse effects on the mother and fetus. Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) can increase awareness about the function of thought patterns in daily activities and is able to control awareness of thoughts, feelings and body gestures that can affect anxiety levels and cortisol hormones in the body. This study aimed to examine the effect MBCT to reduce anxiety in 3rd trimester of pregnant women. Subjects and Method: This was a randomized controlled trial. A sample of 20 pregnant women divided into two groups. Intervention group was MBCT with 8 sessions for 30 minutes each session within a period of 2 weeks. The control group was health education and usual care. The dependent variable was anxiety. The independent variable was MBCT. Anxiet was measured using HARS questionnaires. Difference of anxiety between groups were tested using independent t-test. Results: Mean of anxiety score in the MBCT group (Mean= 16.40; SD= 4.01) was lower than in the control group (Mean= 23.60; SD= 7.37), and it was statistically significant (p = 0.015). Conclusion: MBCT is effective to reduce anxiety in 3rd trimester of pregnant women. Keywords: Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy, pregnancy, anxiety. Correspondence: Sundari. Master’s Program of Applied Midwifery, Health Polytechnics, Ministry of Health Semarang. Jl. Tirto Agung, Pedalangan, Banyumanik, Semarang, Central Java 50268. Email: sundarisst3@­gmail.com. Mobile: 0821-7591-9584.

Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy Group Counseling Training for Counselors: Efforts to Improve Emotional Regulation

Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy Group Counseling Training for Counselors: Efforts to Improve Emotional Regulation

24 Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy enhances executive control in recurrent depression in a randomized wait-list controlled trial

Objective:Adults with recurrent depression have been shown to have cognitive deficits also while in remission. Thus, it has been suggested that with a chronic course of depression, poorer executive control can be a vulnerability factor for depressive relapse. This has led to research on how cognitive remediation training can protect against recurrent depressive episodes. Findings indicate that such training has short term effects on cognitive functioning, and small effect on depression symptoms. Less focus has been on how “standard” psychotherapy can have positive effects on executive and attentional control. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) has been shown to be as effective as antidepressant medication in preventing relapses of depressive episodes. Mindfulness training in healthy samples seems to improve executive and attentional control. However, the few studies of MBCT in recurrent depression show mixed effects on executive and attentional control. As far as we know, no prior study has investigated the effect of MBCT in recurrent depression with the revised version of the attention network test (ANT-R). In a randomized controlled trial, we expected that the MBCT group would show enhanced executive control and lower levels of attentional fluctuations than the wait-list controls (WLC) from pre (T0) to post (T1) treatment. We further investigated if positive effects of MBCT on executive and attentional control were associated with reduction in depression symptoms.Participants and Methods:Adults with recurrent depression in partial or full remission (N = 64) were randomized to MBCT or WLC. In the MBCT and WLC groups, 25 and 29, respectively, performed the ANT-R at T0 and T1. The attention network reaction time scores of executive control, alerting, and orienting were calculated in addition to attention fluctuations scores of intra-individual reaction time variability (IIVRT) and exgaussian-mean of longer reaction times (TAU). Self-reported depression symptoms were measured with BDI-II. The two groups were compared at baseline on full-scale IQ (WASI), executive control (D-KEFS Stroop), and processing speed (D-KEFS TMT).Results:The MBCT and WCL groups did not differ significantly in age or gender distribution, education, full-scale IQ or in baseline executive and attentional control as measured with the ANT-R, Stroop and TMT. The MBCT group showed a higher efficiency in conflict detection as measured with the executive control score from T0 to T1 compared to the WLC. This positive effect of MBCT on executive control was independent from the greater reductions in depression symptoms in the MBCT group compared to in the WLCs. However, reduction in depression symptoms at T1 was associated with enhanced efficiency in responding to alerting cues in conflict detection. No effects of MBCT compared to WLC were found at T1 on the attention fluctuation measures (IIVRT and TAU).Conclusions:The findings from the current study indicates that MBCT enhances executive control in adults with recurrent depression. As such, MBCT may target an important cognitive vulnerability factor in the chronic course of recurrent depression that may contribute to its efficacy in preventing depressive relapses. It was also observed that reductions in depression symptoms led to higher alertness in conflict detection.

Effects of Motivational Interviewing and Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapies on Academic Burnout among Extra-mural Students in Ekiti State

Academic burnout is a mental and emotional fatigue state caused by continuous stress among extra-mural students. This syndrome is usually caused by repeated failure and overload of work in the school, which eventually leads to high dropout rate, truancy and failure. Academic burnout hinders academic success of students, as it truncates their advancement in moving to the next academic stage. Previous studies focused largely on predictors of academic burnout of in-school adolescents, while little attention was paid to extra-mural students. This study, therefore, was designed to determine the effects of Motivational Interviewing Therapy (MIT) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (M-BCT) on academic burnout among extra-mural students in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Moderating effects of academic self-efficacy and goal setting were also examined. Pretest-posttest control group quasi experimental design with 3x3x3 factorial matrix was adopted. Three extra-mural centres were randomly selected in Ekiti State, while the simple random sampling technique was used to select participants from each of the remedial study centres. The remedial centres were randomly assigned to MIT (29), M-BCT (51) and control (25) groups, making a total of 105 participants. The instruments used were Academic Burnout Indicator Inventory (for screening – ?=0.92), Maslash Academic Burnout (?=0.70), Academic self-Efficacy (?=0.86) and Goal Setting (?=0.80) scales and instructional guides. Data were subjected to descriptive statistics, Analysis of covariance and Scheffe post-hoc test at 0.05 level of significance. Participants’ age was 22.14±3.15years. The majority of the participants were female (61.5%). There was a significant main effect of treatment on academic burnout of the participants (F(2;84)=140.13. partial ?2=0.77). The participants in the control group (111.04) had the highest mean scores on academic burnout, followed by the M-BCT (88.20) and the MIT (61.59) groups. There was no significant main effect of academic self-efficacy and goal setting on academic burnout. There was a significant interaction effect of treatment and goal setting on academic burnout (F(2;84) =3.93, partial ?2=.16), in favour of the participants with high goal setting from the MIT group. Motivational interviewing and mindfulness-based cognitive therapies reduced academic burnout among extra-mural students in Ekiti State, Nigeria. Counselling psychologists and other help professionals should adopt these therapies.

Economic Evaluation Alongside a Randomized Controlled Trial of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Healthy Adults.

This study aimed to conduct an economic evaluation of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) in healthy participants by performing cost-utility analysis (CUA) and cost-benefit analysis (CBA). CUA was carried out from a healthcare sector perspective and CBA was from the employer's perspective in parallel with a randomized controlled trial. Of the 90 healthy participants, 50 met the inclusion criteria and were randomized to the MBCT group (n = 25) or wait-list control group (n = 25). In the CUA, intervention costs and healthcare costs were included, while the mean difference in the change in quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) between the baseline and 16-week follow-up was used as an indicator of effect. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) was produced, and uncertainty was addressed using non-parametric bootstrapping with 5000 replications. In the CBA, the change in productivity losses was reflected as a benefit, while the costs included intervention and healthcare costs. The net monetary benefit was calculated, and uncertainty was handled with 5000 bootstrapping. Healthcare costs were measured with the self-report Health Service Use Inventory. The purchasing power parity in 2019 was used for currency conversion. In the CUA, incremental costs and QALYs were estimated at JPY 19,700 (USD 189) and 0.011, respectively. The ICER then became JPY 1,799,435 (USD 17,252). The probability of MBCT being cost-effective was 92.2% at the threshold of 30,000 UK pounds per QALY. The CBA revealed that MBCT resulted in increased costs (JPY 24,180) and improved work productivity (JPY 130,640), with a net monetary benefit of JPY 106,460 (USD 1021). The probability of the net monetary benefit being positive was 69.6%. The results suggested that MBCT may be more cost-effective from a healthcare sector perspective and may be cost-beneficial from the employer's perspective.

Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy for Fatigue in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial

ObjectivesFatigue is a prevalent and burdensome problem in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), even when the disease is in remission. Evidence-based psychological interventions for managing IBD-related fatigue are still lacking. This study aimed to examine the efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) for reducing fatigue in patients with IBD in remission.MethodA two-arm multicenter randomized controlled trial was conducted in 113 IBD outpatients in remission with elevated levels of fatigue (i.e., Checklist Individual Strength — subjective fatigue ≥ 27). Patients were randomly assigned to an 8-week MBCT program (n = 56) or a waiting-list condition (n = 57). All participants completed questionnaires at baseline and directly post-intervention. The primary outcome was fatigue, assessed with the Checklist Individual Strength-20. Secondary outcomes included fatigue interference in daily life, depression, anxiety, and IBD-specific quality of life. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was performed to examine treatment outcomes.ResultsIntention-to-treat analyses showed significant reductions in the subjective experience of fatigue in patients receiving MBCT, compared to the waiting-list control condition (p = 0.03; Cohen’s d = 0.46; clinically relevant improvement in 36% vs. 10%). No significant effects were found on other fatigue aspects or secondary outcomes.ConclusionsAn 8-week MBCT group program effectively reduced the subjective experience of fatigue in patients with IBD in remission. Results do not support effects for other aspects of fatigue or secondary outcomes.PreregistrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03162575.

Comparison of the effectiveness of self-compassion-based mindfulness package with mindfulness-based cognitive therapy package on emotional in overweight women

Aim: The purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of self-compassion-based mindfulness package with mindfulness-based cognitive therapy package on emotional eating in overweight women. Method: The current research was practical and semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design along with a follow-up period. Among the overweight women in Isfahan who referred to weight control and weight loss centers and offices in 2019, 45 people were selected by convenience sampling and randomly assigned to the research groups. The research tool was the Van Strien et al Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (1986). Each of the self-compassion-based mindfulness groups by Haji Rostam (2019) and the mindfulness-based cognitive therapy group Based on the approach of Teasdale et al (1995) underwent eight treatment sessions, and the control group did not receive any treatment. The results were analyzed using SPSS software and using variance analysis method with repeated measurements. Results: The findings showed that the mindfulness package based on self-compassion and the cognitive therapy package based on mindfulness on the desire to eat (F = 7.15, P = 0.001) and eating behavior (F = 5.74, P = 0.002) have had a lasting positive effect on overweight women. Conclusion: In this way, in order to improve the desire to eat and eating behavior in overweight women, the mindfulness package based on self-compassion and the cognitive therapy package based on mindfulness can be used.

THE EFFECT OF ART THERAPY AND MINDFULNESS BASED COGNITIVE THERAPY PROGRAM ON THE LEVELS OF ALEXITHYMIA OF INDIVIDUALS

Study was prepared to determine the effect of group practices on the alexithymia symptoms of individuals using Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) and Art Therapy (AT) techniques. Experimental design with pretest and posttest control groups was used in the study. Individuals who received high scores on the Toronto Alexithymia Scale and volunteered were assigned to the first experiment (14), the second experiment (14) and the control group (14) objectively. The study group of the research consists of second and third year students studying at the psychology department of Istanbul Gelisim University. Participation in the research is on a voluntary basis. The measurement tools were applied as a pretest before the application and as a posttest at the end of the application. In the study, MBCT Program was applied to the first experimental group and AT program was applied to the second experimental group. Not any procedure was applied to the control group. The experimental process was applied to both experimental groups once a week, 90 minutes to the MBCT Group, and 120 minutes to the AT group as 8 sessions. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test was used to compare the groups among themselves. The group from which the difference originated was analyzed by the Mann Whitney U Test. As a result, MBCT Program and AT program were found to be effective in reducing the levels of alexithymia. There was no remarkable change in the measurements of the individuals in the control group. When the studies on alexithymia in our country are examined, besides the research of this concept, the lack of practical studies on this concept draws attention. The idea that group work with art therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy programs designed to reduce alexithymia in the normal population will make a significant contribution to the field theoretically, practically and experimentally. It was observed that there wasn’t any significant difference in alexithymia levels between the two therapy programs. The results, limitations and strengths of the study were discussed under the leadership of the literature.

Efficacy of an adjuvant non-face-to-face multimodal lifestyle modification program for patients with treatment-resistant major depression: A randomized controlled trial

BackgroundThe high prevalence of depression is partly attributable to the poor response of patients to first-line antidepressants. Multimodal programs that promote a healthy lifestyle are successful in treating depression when used as a complementary therapy, but their medium- and long-term benefits have not been demonstrated for patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). The main aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a lifestyle modification program (LMP) with mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) and a placebo-control (written suggestions for lifestyle changes) in Spanish patients with TRD. MethodsThis controlled clinical trial randomized 94 patients with TRD into 3 arms. The primary outcome was the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) score at baseline, 2, 6 and 12 months. The secondary outcomes were changes in scores that evaluated quality-of-life, adherence to the Mediterranean diet, physical activity, and social support. ResultsRelative to the placebo group, the LMP and MBCT groups had significantly better quality of life (p = 0.017; p = 0.027), and the LMP group had significantly better adherence to the Mediterranean diet (p<0.001) and reduced use of antidepressants (p = 0.036). However, the three groups showed no significant differences in BDI-II score. LimitationsOnly about half of the planned 180 patients were recruited, in part due to the COVID-19 pandemic. ConclusionsThere was no evidence that the LMP treatment significantly reduced symptoms of depression relative to the other groups during the COVID-19 lockdown.

Efficacy and fMRI-based response predictors to mindfulness-based cognitive therapy in obsessive-compulsive disorder: Study protocol for a randomised clinical trial.

Around 40-50% of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) suffer from obsessions and compulsions after receiving first-line treatments. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) has been proposed as a reasonable augmentation strategy for OCD. MBCT trains to decentre from distressful thoughts and emotions by focusing on them voluntarily and with consciousness. This practice develops alternative ways to deal with obsessions, which could increase non-reactivity behaviours and, in turn, reduce compulsions. This study aims to investigate the efficacy of MBCT to improve OCD symptoms. Secondly, it pursues to investigate which socio-demographic, clinical, and neurobiological characteristics mediate or moderate the MBCT response; and identify potential biomarkers of positive/negative response. This study is a randomised clinical trial (RCT) of 60 OCD patients who do not respond to first-line treatments. Participants will be randomised to either an MBCT program or treatment as usual. The MBCT group will undergo 10 weekly sessions of 120min. Principal outcome: change in OCD severity symptoms using clinician and self-reported measures. Also, participants will undergo a comprehensive evaluation assessing comorbid clinical variables, neuropsychological functioning and thought content. Finally, a comprehensive neuroimaging protocol using structural and functional magnetic resonance imaging will be acquired in a 3T scanner. All data will be obtained at baseline and post-intervention. This study will assess the efficacy of mindfulness in OCD patients who do not achieve clinical recovery after usual treatment. It is the first RCT in this subject examining clinical, neuropsychological and neuroimaging variables to examine the neural patterns associated with the MBCT response. NCT03128749.

Blunted superior temporal gyrus activity to negative emotional expression after mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for late-life depression.

Facial emotion recognition plays an important role in social functioning. Patients with late-life depression (LLD) often have abnormal facial emotion recognition. Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) is beneficial in treating depression. This study examined whether MBCT can act as an effective augmentation of antidepressants and improve facial emotion recognition in patients with LLD and its underlying neural mechanism. Patients with LLD were randomized into two groups (n = 30 per group). The MBCT group received an eight-week MBCT in conjunction with stable medication treatment. The other group was treated as usual (TAU group) with stable medication treatment. The positive affect (PA) scale, negative affect (NA) scale, and facial emotion recognition task with an fMRI scan were performed before and after the trial. After eight weeks of treatment, the repeated ANOVA showed that the PA score in the MBCT group significantly increased [F (1,54) = 13.31, p = 0.001], but did not change significantly [F (1,54) = 0.58, p = 0.449] in the TAU group. The NA scores decreased significantly in both the MBCT group [F (1,54) = 19.01, p < 0.001] and the TAU group [F (1,54) = 16.16, p < 0.001]. Patients showed an increase in recognition accuracy and speed of angry and sad faces after 8 weeks of MBCT. No improvement was detected in the TAU group after treatment. A significant interaction effect was found in the change of activation of the left superior temporal gyrus (L-STG) to negative emotional expression between time and groups. Furthermore, a decrease in activation of L-STG to negative emotional expression was positively correlated with the increase in PA score. The MBCT is beneficial for improving affect status and facial emotion recognition in patients with LLD, and the L-STG is involved in this process.

The Effectiveness of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy on Illness Perception and Adherence to the Treatment of Patients With Multiple Sclerosis

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common disease of the central nervous system. The main cause of this disease is related to the myelin damage of nerve cells. This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) on illness perception and adherence to the treatment of patients with MS. Methods: This is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up design with a control group. The statistical population of this study included all patients with MS under the auspices of the MS Society of Tehran (Iran) in 2019. Forty-five women with MS were purposefully selected and randomly divided into MBCT, ACT, and control (n=15) groups. Data were obtained using the revised illness perception questionnaire (IPQ-R) and the MS treatment adherence questionnaire (MS-TAQ). The repeated measurement analysis of variance and SPSS.22 were used to analyze data. Results: The results showed that the effect of MBCT was greater than that of the acceptance and commitment-based therapy group on illness perceptions (P&lt;0.001) and treatment adherence (P&lt;0.001). Conclusion: Overall, the effectiveness of MBCT was greater than that of the ACT group on illness perceptions and adherence to treatment. MBCT and ACT can be employed as effective methods for patients with MS.

Mindfulness and Sex Education for Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder: Mediators and Moderators of Treatment Outcome

ABSTRACT Sexual Interest/Arousal Disorder (SIAD) is a common sexual dysfunction in women. Both mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) plus psychoeducation and sex therapy, education, and support (STEP; which contains the same educational information as in the MBCT arm but also integrates supportive-expressive therapy), are effective. We tested mediators and moderators of improvements. Each treatment arm consisted of eight sessions delivered weekly, and participants completed measures online pre-treatment, immediately post-treatment, and at 6- and 12-month post-treatment. Depression, self-reported interoceptive awareness, self-compassion, self-criticism, and mindfulness were examined as mediators, and expectations for improvement as a moderator. Of 148 cisgender women who consented, 70 were randomized to the MBCT plus psychoeducation group (mean age 39.3 ± 13.2 yrs) and 78 to the STEP group (mean age 37.9 ± 12.2 yrs). Decreases in depression mediated decreases in sexual distress in the MBCT plus psychoeducation group only. Improvements in interoceptive awareness mediated changes in both sexual desire and arousal, and sexual distress, and to a greater degree after MBCT plus psychoeducation. Changes in self-compassion mediated changes in sexual desire and arousal only for the MBCT plus psychoeducation group and mediated changes in sexual distress in both groups. Reductions in self-criticism mediated improvements in sexual distress to a greater extent after MBCT plus psychoeducation. Changes in mindfulness predicted changes in desire and arousal, and distress only in the MBCT plus psychoeducation group. Expectations for improvement did not moderate any outcomes. The findings have implications for understanding common and potentially distinct pathways by which MBCT plus psychoeducation and supportive sex education improve symptoms of SIAD.