MIME Type Research Articles

Current Developments in the Research Data Repository RADAR

Current Developments in the Research Data Repository RADAR

Validation Analysis of Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) File Upload using Magic Number and Document Object Model (DOM)

The use of technology is increasing rapidly, such as applications or services connected to the Internet. Security is considered necessary because of the growing and increasing use of digital systems. With the number of threats to attacks on digital form or server systems is required to handle the risk of attacks on the server, the file upload feature. The system usually processes the file upload feature on a website or server with server-side (back-end) validation or filtering of digital object file types or a client-side (front-end) web browser in HTML or Javascript. Filtering techniques for Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) usually files only see the file extension or Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension (MIME) type of an uploaded file. However, this filtering can still manipulate, for example, in ASCII prefix checking, which has two writes, namely "<?xml” and “<svg ”. SVG files do not contain metadata such as image encoded in JPEG or PNG files. This problem can overcome by adding filtering techniques to check the validation of a file with validation of eXtensible Markup Language (XML) using magic numbers and the Document Object Model (DOM). This research developed using the waterfall method and black-box security testing refers to a software security testing method in which security controls, defense, and application design are tested. Handling of security validation for uploading SVG files using file extensions and MIME types has a success rate of 75 percent from the eight tested scenarios while handling using file extensions, magic numbers, and Document Object Model (DOM) produces a success rate of 100 percent from 8 test scenarios. Testing uses a black-box so that handling using the file extension, magic number, and Document Object Model (DOM) is better than using only file extensions and mime types.

Digital data repositories in chemistry and their integration with journals and electronic notebooks.

We discuss the concept of recasting the data-rich scientific journal article into two components, a narrative and separate data components, each of which is assigned a persistent digital object identifier. Doing so allows each of these components to exist in an environment optimized for purpose. We make use of a poorly-known feature of the handle system for assigning persistent identifiers that allows an individual data file from a larger file set to be retrieved according to its file name or its MIME type. The data objects allow facile visualization and retrieval for reuse of the data and facilitates other operations such as data mining. Examples from five recently published articles illustrate these concepts.

Survey on Relevance Calculation Methods

Relevance is one of the most important concepts in information retrieval. This paper discusses various approaches for relevance calculation available in literature. In Information Retrieval, relevance is how well a retrieved document or set of documents meets the information need. The paper summarizes, what relevance is and a survey of different methods of calculating relevance. Our goal is to study existing methods and to identify usefulness of existing methods for multilingual data and to understand the prerequisites required for these methods while using mime types likes webpages, urls, xml apart from plain text. General Terms Information Retrieval, Pattern Recognition, Algorithms

Novel MIME Type and Extension Based Packet Classification Algorithm in WiMAX

IEEE 802.16 provides quality of service by providing five different service classes. When a packet reaches the MAC layer, the packet classifier has to classify the packet such that the packet is associated with appropriate QoS. In this paper a packet classification algorithm is proposed that exploits the HTTP header of the application layer to determine the type of data and classify the data. The extension and MIME type (content type) headers are used to classify the packets. Further the algorithm is enhanced by considering the type of user as an additional parameter during packet classification. Simulations are done on variable bit rate video data. Based on the type of video the packets are classified as RTPS or nRTPS thereby providing differentiated QoS. Simulation results reveal that high priority video classified as RTPS traffic receive higher throughput compared to video of lower priority. The delay faced by high priority videos is correspondingly less compared to low priority video.

새로운 동적 통지 제어 방식을 사용한 리소스 리스트 구조

In SIP(Session Initiation Protocol) service, users should send SIP SUBSCRIBE messages to the SIP server to get subscription informations of the other parties, and total amount of SIP messages becomes large in network as refresh messages and notification messages are generated to each SIP subscription. In this paper, a new resource lists architecture using dynamic notification control method has been proposed to solve these problems. In this architecture, service users can control event notification generation rate dynamically from the server according to the operation circumstances, and users can control generation of notification messages during refresh for maintaining SIP session. Furthermore users can also control generation of notification messages according to session connection conditions. A new resource lists MIME type has been designed, and several parameters for dynamic notification message control have been added to the extended SIP message headers. In this system new resource lists MIME type can be used for processing of the event package. Therefore total amount of SIP messages in network can be largely reduced, and load of the resource lists server for processing messages can be reduced also. The performance of the proposed method has been evaluated by experiments.

Realization of Web-based simulation services

Web-based simulation is a collective term used for various applications and with different meanings: simulation as hypermedia, simulation research methodology, Web-based access to simulation programs, distributed modeling and simulation, and simulation of the WWW (E. Page, http://www.mitre.org/news/the_edge/august_98/wbs.html, 1998). Here, the term Web-based simulation relates to the first three areas, where we see great potential in bringing simulation technology to the Web: exciting applications include the development of new MIME types for technical documents or the realization of standardized service building blocks, which make agile workflow modeling possible in the technical departments of many companies. The contributions of this paper are as follows. The different realization alternatives for Web-based simulation services are explained and discussed with respect to their advantages and disadvantages. Moreover, the prototypic implementation of a Web service is presented, which allows for the analysis and execution of technical models described in the well-known Modelica modeling language. While existing simulators use proprietary or non-interactive communication concepts for Web access, our service is built on the proposed W3C Web interface stack. In particular, it integrates the professional simulation engine YANOS, wich is employed among others in the simulation software FluidSIM of FESTO. Our Web service enables the electronic mailing of technical documents, which may contain model descriptions that can be simulated in the Web browser of the recipient.

ChemDig: new approaches to chemically significant indexing and searching of distributed web collectionsElectronic supplementary information (ESI) available: list of less common chemical MIME media types, output template definitions and stylesheets associated with Table 4. See http://www.rsc.org/suppdata/nj/b1/b110693g/

We describe an extension of the ht://Dig robot-based internet indexing and search engine to include the retrieval of information included in a variety of molecular data formats as defined by chemical MIME types. This is achieved by invoking chemical meta-parsers, software agents designed to provide key meta-data information about the content of the external chemical files. This meta-data can include, for example, derived molecular formula, molecular mass and atom connection table (SMILES) where the content of the file allows this, and other types of content such as author information and supplied keywords. These terms can be automatically added to the searchable terms, and the search outputs can be automatically linked via database requests to other external databases containing chemical information. We report our experience in applying this robot to indexing five different remote sites. We discuss different mechanisms for storing and searching for the chemical content, ranging from simple keyword-based searches qualified by chemically significant boolean terms, chemical similarity searches and our experiments in creating more highly structured content that expresses the chemical data using XML-based markup and where XSLT transforms for filtering, searching and rendering the information are used.

Remedies for common user-agent problems

User agents---that is browsers and other programs that deal with the Web---can fail the user in many ways. This article, by three people deeply involved with the development of the Web, documents some typical common user agent problems, and suggests correct ways of working.&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;The authors use several Web-specific technical terms, so let me list the important ones here:&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;• Fragment identifier: the part of a URI Web address after a `#' character, typically identifying a sub-part of a document (e.g. http://www.example.com/index.html#contact).&lt;BR&gt;• HTTP: hypertext transfer protocol - the protocol used for transferring documents between a server and a client.&lt;BR&gt;• Media type (also known as MIME type): an identifying string like "text/html" or "image/gif" used by servers and clients for identifying the type of a document.&lt;BR&gt;• PNG: a bitmapped image format, like GIF and JPEG, but with better user experience properties&lt;BR&gt;• RFC: `Request for comments' - the name given to Internet standards published by the IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force)&lt;BR&gt;• SVG: structured vector graphics: a non-bitmapped image format that scales better than bitmapped formats like PNG, GIF and JPEG.&lt;BR&gt;• URI: (Universal resource identifier) a `Web address', such as http://www.acm.org&lt;BR&gt;• URI scheme: the part of a URI before the colon, such as http: and ftp:&lt;BR&gt;&lt;BR&gt;---Steven Pemberton

New software solutions for analytical spectroscopists

Analytical spectroscopists must be computer literate to effectively carry out the tasks assigned to them. This has often been resisted within organizations with insufficient funds to equip their staff properly, a lack of desire to deliver the essential training and a basic resistance amongst staff to learn the new techniques required for computer assisted analysis. In the past these problems were compounded by seriously flawed software which was being sold for spectroscopic applications. Owing to the limited market for such complex products the analytical spectroscopist often was faced with buying incomplete and unstable tools if the price was to remain reasonable. Long product lead times meant spectrometer manufacturers often ended up offering systems running under outdated and sometimes obscure operating systems. Not only did this mean special staff training for each instrument where the knowledge gained on one system could not be transferred to the neighbouring system but these spectrometers were often only capable of running in a stand-alone mode, cut-off from the rest of the laboratory environment. Fortunately a number of developments in recent years have substantially changed this depressing picture. A true multi-tasking operating system with a simple graphical user interface, Microsoft Windows NT4, has now been widely introduced into the spectroscopic computing environment which has provided a desktop operating system which has proved to be more stable and robust as well as requiring better programming techniques of software vendors. The opening up of the Internet has provided an easy way to access new tools for data handling and has forced a substantial re-think about results delivery (for example Chemical MIME types, IUPAC spectroscopic data exchange standards). Improved computing power and cheaper hardware now allows large spectroscopic data sets to be handled without too many problems. This includes the ability to carry out chemometric operations in minutes rather than hours. Fast networks now enable data analysis of even multi-dimensional spectroscopic data sets remote from the measuring instrument. A strong tendency to opt for a more unified graphical user interface which is substantially more user friendly allows even inexperienced users to rapidly get acquainted with even the complex mathematical analyses. Some examples of new spectroscopic software products will be given to demonstrate the aforesaid points and highlight the ease of integration into a modern analytical spectroscopy workplace.

Builder, an interactive molecular construction utility--structural modelling using virtual reality on the web

In this paper we discuss and show how virtual reality (VR) working over the World Wide Web (WWW) can be used by chemists and biochemists as an extremely powerful tool in analyzing data and disseminating information and for interactive learning. Examples are presented of how VR is being used to investigate and visualize otherwise complex data. The program Builder v1.2, which is an interactive WWW program that illustrates the integration of Web and VR technologies, is described. The VRML language is used to build these virtual realities and is an acronym for the Virtual Reality Modelling Language. VRML was developed originally by Gavin Bell, Anthony Parisi and Mark Pesce and is based upon Silicon Graphics, Inc. successful Open Inventor graphics language. It is used to describe scenes that are displayed within a VRML viewer. But VRML is not an ordinary graphics language because it was designed to work within the World Wide Web by including aspects of a hypertext language. Thus objects in a scene may be hyperlinks to other virtual worlds, WWW pages or MIME types, allowing the viewer to navigate the Internet in a virtual reality and it is this aspect that is explored here in relation to chemistry. Builder v1.2 is an on-line utility to create customized, 3-D models of membranes using a WWW forms interface and was one of the very first examples of interactive scene creation with VRML. The user may choose components to go in the membrane from a range of proteins, cholesterol or a glycoprotein and then specify their location in the membrane. The 3-D scene may be supplied at several levels of detail, including a full sphere representation suitable for high-end workstations, and a simple, minimum-rendering format ideal for PCs. The coordinates of the components may be downloaded in PDB format; the VRML scene has the components all hyperlinked to Web pages describing their function. In conclusion, VRML provides a medium through which data that is too difficult to portray in 2-D may be analyzed and published. This illustrates clearly the benefits of the Internet as a future scientific publishing medium and a repository for supplementary and enhanced material to traditional printed journal information.

Builder, an interactive molecular construction utility—structural modelling using virtual reality on the web

In this paper we discuss and show how virtual reality (VR) working over the World Wide Web (WWW) can be used by chemists and biochemists as an extremely powerful tool in analyzing data and disseminating information and for interactive learning. Examples are presented of how VR is being used to investigate and visualize otherwise complex data. The program Builder v1.2, which is an interactive WWW program that illustrates the integration of Web and VR technologies, is described. The VRML language is used to build these virtual realities and is an acronym for the Virtual Reality Modelling Language. VRML was developed originally by Gavin Bell, Anthony Parisi and Mark Pesce and is based upon Silicon Graphics, Inc. successful Open Inventor graphics language. It is used to describe scenes that are displayed within a VRML viewer. But VRML is not an ordinary graphics language because it was designed to work within the World Wide Web by including aspects of a hypertext language. Thus objects in a scene may be hyperlinks to other virtual worlds, WWW pages or MIME types, allowing the viewer to navigate the Internet in a virtual reality and it is this aspect that is explored here in relation to chemistry. Builder v1.2 is an on-line utility to create customized, 3-D models of membranes using a WWW forms interface and was one of the very first examples of interactive scene creation with VRML. The user may choose components to go in the membrane from a range of proteins, cholesterol or a glycoprotein and then specify their location in the membrane. The 3-D scene may be supplied at several levels of detail, including a full sphere representation suitable for high-end workstations, and a simple, minimum-rendering format ideal for PCs. The coordinates of the components may be downloaded in PDB format; the VRML scene has the components all hyperlinked to Web pages describing their function. In conclusion, VRML provides a medium through which data that is too difficult to portray in 2-D may be analyzed and published. This illustrates clearly the benefits of the Internet as a future scientific publishing medium and a repository for supplementary and enhanced material to traditional printed journal information.

The World-Wide Web information system: chemical chaos or global scientific enabler?

A proposed Internet based standard based on primary chemical MIME types used in conjunction with the World-Wide Web information delivery systems allows molecular structural and spectroscopic information to be transparently integrated into scientific publications, providing unparalleled access and control for the user. Examples of “hyperactive molecules” from the areas of organic synthesis, quantitative structural modelling, molecular dynamics, crystallography, NMR and mass spectrometry are discussed. The implications of these mechanisms for scientific publication in general, the impact on the quality and reproducibility of published experimental data and the enhancement of serendipitous discoveries are discussed.

The world-wide web information system: chemical chaos or global scientific enabler?

A proposed Internet based standard based on primary chemical MIME types used in conjunction with the World-Wide Web information delivery systems allows molecular structural and spectroscopic information to be transparently integrated into scientific publications, providing unparalleled access and control for the user. Examples of “hyperactive molecules” from the areas of organic synthesis, quantitative structural modelling, molecular dynamics, crystallography, NMR and mass spectrometry are discussed. The implications of these mechanisms for scientific publication in general, the impact on the quality and reproducibility of published experimental data and the enhancement of serendipitous discoveries are discussed.

Hyperactive molecules and the World-Wide-Web information system

We propose an Internet based standard based on primary chemical MIME types to be used in conjuction with the World-Wide-Web information delivery system. We show how this allows the user to have access to and control of molecular structural and spectroscopic information transparently integrated into scientific publications. We illustrate this with examples of what we have termed ‘hyperactive molecules’ from the areas of quantitative structural modelling, organic synthesis, crystallography, molecular dynamics, NMR, mass and laser emission spectroscopy. The on-screen annotation of 3D molecular diagrams is achieved using a Chemical Structure Markup Language (CSML) and is illustrated with hyperlinks embedded in e.g. two dimensional diagrams in NMR spectra. The implications of these mechanisms for scientific publication in general, the impact on the quality and reproducibility of published experimental data and the enhancement of serendipitous discoveries are discussed.